CN112527762A - Virtual block device storage system and method based on sparse file - Google Patents
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/18—File system types
- G06F16/188—Virtual file systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/0604—Improving or facilitating administration, e.g. storage management
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0662—Virtualisation aspects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
- G06F3/067—Distributed or networked storage systems, e.g. storage area networks [SAN], network attached storage [NAS]
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of data storage, and particularly relates to a sparse file-based virtual block device storage system and a sparse file-based virtual block device storage method, wherein the system comprises a mapping module, a virtual block device management module and a virtual block device kernel module; the mapping module is used for mapping the virtual block device to an external machine; the virtual block device management module is used for receiving an instruction of a user, managing virtual block devices and managing snapshots; the virtual block device kernel module is used for storing data into a sparse file and reading data from the sparse file. The system can be operated on any system supporting sparse files, does not need to depend on special software and hardware environments, occupies low memory, is low in cost, can support infinite snapshots, and improves the safety of data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of data storage, and particularly relates to a virtual block device storage system and method based on a sparse file.
Background
With the development of computer networks and the continuous increase of network bandwidth, it is possible to improve the capacity, reliability and scalability of storage systems by using network technologies. In recent years, network distributed storage has become a new trend of storage technology development.
The existing distributed storage system can organize storage resources scattered in a network to form a large-capacity virtual disk storage space. The distributed file system is an indispensable component for constructing a large-scale distributed storage system, serves as an organizer and manager of data in the distributed storage system, provides a file, block equipment and object access interface for a storage system for access nodes in a network, but the distributed system needs a plurality of servers, is high in maintenance cost, and is difficult for a common technician to investigate and analyze after problems occur.
The existing scheme for creating the virtual block device, such as StarWind under windows, loop device under Linux, and the like, does not support snapshot, and when the stored data is in logic error or damaged, the state before the error or damage cannot be recovered.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a virtual block device storage system and a virtual block device storage method based on a sparse file, the system can be operated on any system supporting the sparse file, does not need to depend on a special software and hardware environment, has low occupied memory and low cost, can support infinite snapshots, and improves the safety of data.
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a sparse file-based virtual block device storage system, which comprises a mapping module, a virtual block device management module and a virtual block device kernel module, wherein the mapping module is used for mapping a virtual block device;
the mapping module is used for mapping the virtual block device to an external machine;
the virtual block device management module is used for receiving an instruction of a user to generate a sparse file, and managing virtual block devices and snapshots;
the virtual block device kernel module is used for creating a virtual fast device according to the instruction; storing data read by the external machine from the virtual block device into the sparse file, and reading the data from the sparse file and returning the data to the external machine; and creating a virtual block device storage snapshot by using the hole characteristics of the sparse file.
Further, the mapping module maps the virtual block device to the external machine by using an ISCSI/FC protocol.
Further, the virtual block device kernel module provides a virtual block device creation interface and a snapshot creation interface;
the virtual block device management module manages the virtual block device by calling and creating a virtual block device interface; and managing the virtual block equipment snapshot by calling a snapshot creating interface.
Further, the virtual block device management module manages the virtual block device by sending an instruction to create the virtual block device, an instruction to modify the virtual block device, and an instruction to delete the virtual block device.
The virtual block device management module manages the snapshot and comprises a sending instruction for creating the snapshot and an instruction for deleting the snapshot.
The invention also provides a virtual block device storage method based on the sparse file, which comprises the following steps,
creating virtual block equipment and a sparse file;
writing the virtual block device input to the sparse file.
Further, the creating of the virtual block device and the sparse file includes:
a user issues an instruction for creating the virtual block device, wherein the instruction comprises the size of the virtual block device;
the virtual block device management module creates a sparse file with a corresponding size and issues the instruction to the virtual block device kernel module through a virtual block device creation interface;
and the virtual block device kernel module creates a virtual block device according to the instruction.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
the virtual block device management module initiates an instruction for creating a virtual block device snapshot at regular time and sends the instruction to the virtual block device kernel module through the snapshot creation interface;
and the virtual block device kernel module creates a virtual block device snapshot according to the instruction and creates a new sparse file with the same size as the virtual block device.
Further, the writing the virtual block device input into the sparse file includes:
mapping the virtual block device to the external machine via the FC/ISCSI protocol;
an external machine receives a writing request issued by a user; the write request comprises a written starting offset, a written data size and written data;
and redirecting the write request to the sparse file corresponding to the current snapshot according to the corresponding initial offset and size.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
an external machine receives a reading request issued by a user; the read request includes a start offset and a size;
acquiring a hole list of a sparse file corresponding to the current snapshot, judging whether the initial offset and the size of reading are in the hole list, if not, directly reading data from the sparse file corresponding to the current snapshot and returning;
if the initial offset and the size of the initial offset are in the hole list, searching the hole list of the previous snapshot, inquiring whether the initial offset and the size are in the list, if not, reading data from the sparse file of the previous snapshot, otherwise, continuously searching the snapshot forwards until the snapshots are searched completely, and if the initial offset and the size are in the hole list, returning all 0 data.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
when one snapshot A is deleted, a used data block list of the sparse file corresponding to the snapshot A is obtained, a used data block list of the sparse file corresponding to the next snapshot B is obtained, data blocks in the used data block list of the snapshot A are traversed, whether the data blocks are in the used data block list of the snapshot B or not is judged, if the data blocks are not in the used data block list of the snapshot B, the data blocks are written into the sparse file corresponding to the snapshot B, after all traversal is completed, the sparse file corresponding to the deleted snapshot A is deleted, the snapshot A is deleted in the snapshot file, and recovery of a snapshot space is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the virtual block device storage system based on the sparse file can run on any system supporting the sparse file, does not need to depend on special software and hardware environments, occupies low memory and has low cost;
2) the virtual block device storage system based on the sparse file supports infinite snapshots, can restore data to any snapshot time point, and can solve data damage or errors caused by logic damage or hacker attack and the like;
3) the virtual block device provided by the invention does not occupy space, and only when actual data is written, the storage space is occupied; the storage method of the virtual block device based on the sparse file supports space recovery after the snapshot is deleted, and is beneficial to saving space;
4) the virtual block device storage system based on the sparse file utilizes the hole characteristic of the sparse file, has simple logic compared with other storage systems supporting snapshot, does not process and store complex data structures, and greatly reduces the possibility of error and the maintenance cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sparse file-based virtual block device storage system provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a sparse file-based virtual block device storage system, which is shown in fig. 1 and includes an ISCSI/FC mapping module, a virtual block device management module, and a virtual block device kernel module.
The mapping module is used for mapping the virtual block device to the external machine through FC/ISCSI protocol.
Preferably, the mapping module maps the virtual block device to the external machine using ISCSI/FC protocol, so that the external machine can access the virtual block device as if it were accessing the local hard disk.
The virtual block device management module is used for receiving a user instruction and generating a sparse file;
the virtual block device management module is also used for managing the virtual block device by calling and creating a virtual block device interface; managing the virtual block equipment snapshot by calling a snapshot creating interface;
specifically, the virtual block device management module manages the virtual block device, including sending an instruction to create the virtual block device, an instruction to modify the virtual block device, and an instruction to delete the virtual block device.
Specifically, the virtual block device management module manages the snapshot and includes sending an instruction to create the snapshot and an instruction to delete the snapshot.
The virtual block equipment kernel module provides a virtual block equipment creating interface and a snapshot creating interface for the outside;
the virtual block device kernel module is used for creating a virtual fast device according to the instruction; storing data read by the external machine from the virtual block device into the sparse file, and reading the data from the sparse file and returning the data to the external machine; and creating a virtual block device storage snapshot by using the hole characteristics of the sparse file.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a virtual block device storage method based on the sparse file, which comprises the following steps:
1. creating a virtual block device:
a user issues an instruction for creating the virtual block device, wherein the instruction comprises the size of the virtual block device;
the virtual block device management module creates a sparse file with a corresponding size and issues the instruction to the virtual block device kernel module through a virtual block device creation interface;
and the virtual block device kernel module creates a virtual block device according to the instruction.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
the virtual block device management module initiates an instruction for creating a virtual block device snapshot at regular time and sends the instruction to the virtual block device kernel module through the snapshot creation interface;
and the virtual block device kernel module creates a virtual block device snapshot according to the instruction.
In particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
after receiving the request for creating the snapshot, the virtual block device kernel module refreshes the data in the cache to a sparse file, creates a new sparse file with the same size as the virtual block device, redirects the subsequent read-write operation to the new sparse file, and updates the snapshot file at the same time. The snapshot file is used for storing all snapshot information corresponding to the virtual block device.
The snapshot information includes snapshot creation time, size of actual data corresponding to the snapshot, snapshot description information (snapshot name, snapshot remark information, and the like), and the like.
2. Write virtual block device:
mapping the virtual block device to the external machine via the FC/ISCSI protocol;
an external machine receives a writing request issued by a user; the write request comprises a written starting offset, a written data size and written data;
and redirecting the write request to the sparse file corresponding to the current snapshot according to the corresponding initial offset and size.
3. Read virtual block device:
an external machine receives a reading request issued by a user; the read request includes a start offset and a size;
and acquiring a hole list of the sparse file corresponding to the current snapshot, judging whether the read initial offset and the read size are in the hole list, and if not, directly reading data from the sparse file corresponding to the current snapshot and returning.
If the position of the initial offset and the size in the hole list is not written in the current snapshot, searching the hole list of the previous snapshot, inquiring whether the initial offset and the size are in the list, if not, reading data from the sparse file of the previous snapshot, otherwise, continuously searching the snapshot forwards until the snapshots are searched completely, and if the initial offset and the size are in the hole list, returning the data of all 0 s.
Preferably, the hole list of each snapshot is stored in the memory, so as to improve the searching speed.
4. And (3) recovering the snapshot space:
when one snapshot A is deleted, partial space of the snapshot can be recovered, a used data block list of a sparse file corresponding to the snapshot A is obtained, a used data block list of a sparse file corresponding to the next snapshot B is obtained, data blocks in the used data block list in the snapshot A are traversed, whether the data blocks are in the used data block list of the snapshot B or not is judged, if the data blocks are not in the used data block list, the data blocks are written into the sparse file corresponding to the snapshot B, after all traversal is completed, the sparse file corresponding to the deleted snapshot A is deleted, the snapshot A is deleted in the snapshot file, and recovery of the snapshot space is completed.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A virtual block device storage system based on sparse files is characterized by comprising a mapping module, a virtual block device management module and a virtual block device kernel module;
the mapping module is used for mapping the virtual block device to an external machine;
the virtual block device management module is used for receiving an instruction of a user to generate a sparse file, and managing virtual block devices and snapshots;
the virtual block device kernel module is used for creating a virtual fast device according to the instruction; storing data read by the external machine from the virtual block device into the sparse file, and reading the data from the sparse file and returning the data to the external machine; and creating a virtual block device storage snapshot by using the hole characteristics of the sparse file.
2. The sparse file based virtual block device storage system of claim 1, wherein the mapping module employs ISCSI/FC protocol to map virtual block devices to external machines.
3. The sparse file based virtual block device storage system of claim 1, wherein the virtual block device kernel module provides a create virtual block device interface and a create snapshot interface;
the virtual block device management module manages the virtual block device by calling and creating a virtual block device interface; and managing the virtual block equipment snapshot by calling a snapshot creating interface.
4. The sparse file based virtual block device storage system of claim 1, wherein the virtual block device management module managing the virtual block devices comprises sending an instruction to create a virtual block device, an instruction to modify a virtual block device, and an instruction to delete a virtual block device;
the virtual block device management module manages the snapshot and comprises a sending instruction for creating the snapshot and an instruction for deleting the snapshot.
5. A sparse file-based virtual block device storage method is characterized by comprising the following steps,
creating virtual block equipment and a sparse file;
writing the virtual block device input to the sparse file.
6. The sparse file-based virtual block device storage method of claim 5, wherein the creating of the virtual block device and the sparse file comprises:
a user issues an instruction for creating the virtual block device, wherein the instruction comprises the size of the virtual block device;
the virtual block device management module creates a sparse file with a corresponding size and issues the instruction to the virtual block device kernel module through a virtual block device creation interface;
and the virtual block device kernel module creates a virtual block device according to the instruction.
7. The sparse file-based virtual block device storage method of claim 5, further comprising:
the virtual block device management module initiates an instruction for creating a virtual block device snapshot at regular time and sends the instruction to the virtual block device kernel module through the snapshot creation interface;
and the virtual block device kernel module creates a virtual block device snapshot according to the instruction and creates a new sparse file with the same size as the virtual block device.
8. The sparse file-based virtual block device storage method of claim 5, wherein writing the virtual block device input to the sparse file comprises:
mapping the virtual block device to the external machine via the FC/ISCSI protocol;
an external machine receives a writing request issued by a user; the write request comprises a written starting offset, a written data size and written data;
and redirecting the write request to the sparse file corresponding to the current snapshot according to the corresponding initial offset and size.
9. The sparse file-based virtual block device storage method of claim 5, further comprising:
an external machine receives a reading request issued by a user; the read request includes a start offset and a size;
acquiring a hole list of a sparse file corresponding to the current snapshot, judging whether the initial offset and the size of reading are in the hole list, if not, directly reading data from the sparse file corresponding to the current snapshot and returning;
if the initial offset and the size of the initial offset are in the hole list, searching the hole list of the previous snapshot, inquiring whether the initial offset and the size are in the list, if not, reading data from the sparse file of the previous snapshot, otherwise, continuously searching the snapshot forwards until the snapshots are searched completely, and if the initial offset and the size are in the hole list, returning all 0 data.
10. The sparse file-based virtual block device storage method of claim 5, further comprising:
when one snapshot A is deleted, a used data block list of the sparse file corresponding to the snapshot A is obtained, a used data block list of the sparse file corresponding to the next snapshot B is obtained, data blocks in the used data block list of the snapshot A are traversed, whether the data blocks are in the used data block list of the snapshot B or not is judged, if the data blocks are not in the used data block list of the snapshot B, the data blocks are written into the sparse file corresponding to the snapshot B, after all traversal is completed, the sparse file corresponding to the deleted snapshot A is deleted, the snapshot A is deleted in the snapshot file, and recovery of a snapshot space is completed.
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