CN112525769B - Adjustable externally-applied axial magnetic field experimental device and application method thereof - Google Patents
Adjustable externally-applied axial magnetic field experimental device and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable externally applied axial magnetic field experimental device and a using method thereof. The flow stabilizing device comprises a pipeline, a constant-pressure flow stabilizing box, a liquid storage box and a transfer box, and the pipeline is provided with a heat insulation layer; the magnetic field generating device comprises a metal coil and a control circuit; the measuring device comprises a flowmeter and an online viscometer. The metal coil is tightly wound outside the pipeline, fixing clamps are arranged at two ends of the coil, the coil turns number is fixed and adjusted, and meanwhile, wire interfaces are reserved at two ends of the coil and are connected with the control circuit. When the liquid in the constant-pressure steady flow box stably flows through the pipeline, the size and the direction of the axial magnetic field in the pipeline can be adjusted based on the control circuit, and the rule of the fluidity and the axial magnetic field change of the liquid in the pipeline can be explored by observing and recording the changes of the flowmeter and the viscosimeter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic control and fluid experiments, and particularly relates to an adjustable externally applied axial magnetic field experimental device and a use method thereof.
Background
The fluid will change its properties to varying degrees under the influence of a magnetic field, such as: the magnetic treatment technology commonly used in the petroleum industry enhances the fluidity of crude oil and improves the conveying efficiency, and meanwhile, the magnetic treatment technology has the advantages of simple operation, low energy consumption, no pollution and the like. However, the magnetic treatment technology of crude oil in China is not mature, and most of the magnetic treatment technology exists in theoretical research, and no relevant experimental device is used for determining the influence of specific magnetic field changes on the viscosity and fluidity of crude oil and the influence of magnetic fields on the properties of other fluids.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the influence of specific magnetic field change on the fluid property cannot be determined according to experiments in the background art, the invention provides an adjustable externally applied axial magnetic field experimental device and a using method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
the invention firstly provides an adjustable externally applied axial magnetic field experimental device, which is characterized in that: comprises a steady flow device, a magnetic field generating device and a measuring device;
the flow stabilizing device comprises a pipeline, a constant-pressure flow stabilizing box, a liquid storage box and a transfer box; the inlet end of the pipeline is communicated with the constant-pressure steady flow box, the outlet end of the pipeline is communicated with the transfer box, and the liquid storage box is positioned below the constant-pressure steady flow box and connected with the bottom of the constant-pressure steady flow box and is used for supplying liquid to the constant-pressure steady flow box;
the magnetic field generating device comprises a metal coil, a fixing clamp and a control circuit; the metal coil is wound outside the pipeline, and two ends of the metal coil are connected with the control circuit and used for generating a magnetic field; the fixing clamp is arranged at two ends of the coil, can move on the pipeline and is used for fixing the coil and adjusting the length of the winding coil;
the measuring device comprises a flowmeter and an online viscometer; the flowmeter and the online viscosimeter are arranged at the outlet end of the pipeline;
the bottom of the constant-pressure steady-flow box is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; an overflow plate, a steady flow plate and a steady flow ball are arranged in the constant-pressure steady flow box; the liquid inlet is arranged between the overflow plate and the steady flow plate; the flow stabilizing plate is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; the steady flow ball is arranged at the liquid inlet to control the liquid to flow in steadily; the height of the steady flow plate is lower than that of the overflow plate;
a pump, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are arranged in the liquid storage tank; the pump is connected with the liquid inlet through a liquid inlet pipe; the liquid outlet pipe is connected with the liquid outlet.
Furthermore, two sections of metal coils are tightly wound outside the pipeline, copper enameled wires can be adopted as the metal coil material, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the pipeline and the wound coils, and a valve is arranged at the outlet end of the pipeline.
Furthermore, the inner diameter of the pipeline is optimally 1-3 cm, and the length of the pipeline is optimally 2-3 m; the inner diameter of the metal coil is controlled within the range of 0.4 mm-1.0 mm, the winding length of each section of coil is controlled to be 0.6-1.2 m, and the number of turns is controlled to be 800-3600 turns/m to be optimal.
Further, the control circuit is formed by connecting a lead, a protection device, a direct-current stabilized power supply, a trunk switch and a lead interface in series.
Further, the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe, and the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe is larger than or equal to the inner diameter of the pipeline.
The invention also provides a use method of the adjustable externally applied axial magnetic field experimental device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: the experimental device is assembled, the valve is in a closed state, enough crude oil for experiments is prepared in the liquid storage tank, the pump is started to enable the crude oil to flow into the constant-pressure steady flow tank until the crude oil overflows from the overflow plate, the pipeline is filled with the crude oil at the moment, the valve is opened, and when the crude oil stably flows out, the initial flow Q of the crude oil under the condition of no magnetic field at the moment is recorded through the flowmeter and the online viscosimeter 0 Temperature T 0 Viscosity mu 0 ；
Step two: closing the valve to recharge the pipeline with crude oil, and selecting the length L 1 The metal coil of the power supply is connected with a control circuit, a direct-current stabilized voltage supply is turned on, and the output voltage is kept as an initial value V 1 The output current knob is regulated unchanged, and smaller output current is given as I 1 At this time, the main line switch is closed, an axial magnetic field is generated in the pipeline, and the time t of magnetic treatment is recorded 1 The main line switch is disconnected, the valve is opened, and the flow Q of crude oil under the magnetic treatment condition at the moment is recorded 1 Temperature T 1 Viscosity mu 1 ；
Step three: crude oil guaranteeing the magnetic treatment of the above stepsAfter all the oil is discharged, the valve is closed, the crude oil is controlled to be refilled in the pipeline, and the initial value V of the output voltage is kept 1 The output current knob is regulated to output different current values I i I=2, 3,4 …; after the main line switch is closed, a new magnetic field is generated in the pipeline, and the time t of magnetic treatment is recorded i Opening valve 3 and recording the flow Q of crude oil under the magnetic field condition i Temperature T i Viscosity mu i ；
Step four: and selecting metal coils with different lengths to be connected with a control circuit, and repeating the operation contents of the second step and the third step to obtain the crude oil flow, the temperature and the viscosity values of the metal coils with different lengths and different current values.
The magnetic field generated by the device in the pipeline is an axial magnetic field, is parallel to the flowing direction of the liquid, is simpler and more convenient to change magnetic field parameters in the pipeline by winding the electrified solenoid and externally adding the control circuit, records the change of the viscosity and the flow of the liquid, can better explore the relation between the fluidity of the liquid and the magnetic field parameters, and can provide further theoretical and experimental basis for researching the flow modification of crude oil in the future magnetic treatment.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an adjustable externally applied axial magnetic field experimental device and a specific scheme of a using method thereof. The steady flow device and the magnetic field generating device are utilized to enable the pipeline to form an even axial magnetic field as far as possible; the length of the coil wound outside the pipeline is adjustable, and the purpose of changing the parameters of the magnetic field in the pipeline is achieved by adjusting the output parameters of the control circuit and the number of turns and the length of the wound coil; the heat insulation layer is additionally arranged on the pipeline, so that the influence of the heating of the coil on the temperature of fluid in the pipeline can be avoided; different magnetic field environments are set in the experiment, and the fluidity of the fluid in the pipe and the law of the magnetic field can be intuitively and conveniently explored by observing the parameter change when the fluid flows in the different magnetic field environments. The element used in the invention has the characteristics of low cost, low energy consumption and simple operation, and provides a solid experimental foundation for researching the fluidity of crude oil by the axial magnetic field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, with the direction of the arrows indicating the flow direction of the fluid.
Fig. 2 a-2 c are schematic diagrams of different connections between the metal coil and the control circuit in an embodiment of the invention, the direction of the arrows indicating the fluid flow.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a ballast according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an on-line viscometer according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an output power structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a data processing framework according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in fig. 1 indicate: 1 is an online viscometer; 2 is a flowmeter; 3 is a valve; 4 is a metal coil; 5 is a fixed clamp; 6 is a pipeline; 7 is a constant-pressure steady-flow box; 7.1 is an overflow plate; 7.2 is a flow stabilizing plate; 7.3 is a steady flow ball; 7.4 liquid inlet; 7.5 liquid outlet; 8 is a transfer box; 9 is a control circuit; 9.1 is a wire; 9.2 is a circuit protection device; 9.3 is a direct current stabilized voltage supply; 9.4 is a trunk switch; 9.5 is a wire interface; 10 is a liquid storage tank; 10.1 is a pump; 10.2 is a liquid inlet pipe; 10.3 is a liquid outlet pipe.
The reference numerals in fig. 4 indicate: 1.1 is a flange; 1.2 is a stainless steel probe.
The reference numerals in fig. 5 indicate: 9.31 is a display screen; 9.32 is a voltage coarse tuning knob; 9.33 is a voltage fine adjustment knob; 9.34 is a positive terminal; 9.35 is a negative terminal; 9.36 is a power switch; 9.37 is a current coarse tuning knob; 9.38 is a current fine tuning knob.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
referring to fig. 1, an adjustable experimental device for an externally applied axial magnetic field comprises a current stabilizer, a magnetic field generating device and a measuring device.
The flow stabilizing device comprises a pipeline 6, a constant-pressure flow stabilizing box 7, a liquid storage box 10 and a transfer box 8; the inlet end of the pipeline 6 is communicated with the constant-pressure steady flow box 7, the outlet end of the pipeline is communicated with the transfer box 8, and the liquid storage box 10 is positioned below the constant-pressure steady flow box 7 and connected with the bottom of the constant-pressure steady flow box 7 for supplying liquid to the constant-pressure steady flow box 7.
The magnetic field generating device comprises a metal coil 4, a fixing clamp 5 and a control circuit 9; the metal coil 4 is wound outside the pipeline 6, and two ends of the metal coil 4 are connected with the control circuit 9 and used for generating a magnetic field; the fixing clamp 5 is arranged at two ends of the coil 4, and the fixing clamp 5 can move on the pipeline 6 and is used for fixing the coil 4 and adjusting the length of the winding coil.
The measuring device comprises a flowmeter 2 and an online viscometer 1; the flowmeter 2 and the online viscometer 1 are arranged at the outlet end of the pipeline 6. The online viscometer 1 is an online viscometer 1 with a temperature measuring function, can display and record viscosity and temperature, and the flowmeter 2 can display and record real-time flow.
A steady flow outlet is arranged at the left lower side of the constant pressure steady flow box 7 and is connected with the pipeline 6. The bottom of the constant-pressure steady flow box 7 is provided with a liquid inlet 7.4 and a liquid outlet 7.5; an overflow plate 7.1, a steady flow plate 7.2 and a steady flow ball 7.3 are arranged in the constant-pressure steady flow box 7; the liquid inlet 7.4 is arranged between the overflow plate 7.1 and the steady flow plate 7.2; the flow stabilizing plate 7.2 is arranged between the liquid inlet 7.4 and the liquid outlet 7.5; the steady flow ball 7.3 is arranged at the liquid inlet 7.4 to control the liquid to flow in steadily; the height of the flow stabilizing plate 7.2 is lower than that of the overflow plate 7.1.
A pump 10.1, a liquid inlet pipe 10.2 and a liquid outlet pipe 10.3 are arranged in the liquid storage tank 10; the pump 10.1 is connected with the liquid inlet 7.4 through the liquid inlet pipe 10.2; the liquid outlet pipe 10.3 is connected with the liquid outlet 7.5. The inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe 10.2 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe 10.3, and the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe 10.2 is larger than or equal to the inner diameter of the pipeline 6.
Two sections of metal coils 4 are tightly wound outside the pipeline 6, copper-core enameled wires can be adopted as materials of the metal coils 4, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the pipeline 6 and the wound coils, and a valve 3 is arranged at the outlet end of the pipeline 6.
The inner diameter of the pipeline 6 is optimally 1-3 cm, and the length of the pipeline is optimally 2-3 m; the inner diameter of the metal coil 4 is controlled within the range of 0.4 mm-1.0 mm, the winding length of each section of coil is controlled to be 0.6-1.2 m, and the number of turns is controlled to be 800-3600 turns/m to be optimal.
The control circuit 9 is formed by connecting a lead 9.1, a protection device 9.2, a direct-current stabilized power supply 9.3, a trunk switch 9.4 and a lead interface 9.5 in series, wherein the direct-current stabilized power supply 9.3 is provided with a electronic display screen and a knob adjusting function, the display screen can display output current and voltage values in real time, the knob can accurately adjust the output current and voltage, the adjustable range of the output current is 0-80A, and the maximum current in the adjusting range refers to a fusing current formula of a copper wire: i d ＝80d 3/2 The regulation range should not exceed the fuse current. The wire interfaces 9.5 left by the control circuit 9 can be connected with two ends of the metal coil 4, and axial magnetic fields with different lengths can be generated through different wire connection methods.
When the metal coil 4 is wound in a single layer, the reference range of the axial magnetic induction intensity generated in the pipeline 9 is 0-360 mT; when the number of winding layers is n, the axial magnetic induction intensity range which can be generated is 0-360 n mT, n is not suitable to be too large, and the specific magnetic induction intensity range can be represented by the formula: b=μ 0 nI (here μ) 0 The vacuum magnetic permeability is 1.2566 multiplied by 10 < -6 >, n is the number of turns per unit length, I is current), and the actual current and the number of turns are combined to concretely implement reference actual conditions.
Sufficient liquid is ensured in the liquid storage tank 10, the provided power device pump 10.1 can continuously send the liquid into the constant-pressure steady-flow tank 7 through the liquid inlet pipe 10.2, and the excessive liquid overflows through the overflow plate 7.1 and returns to the liquid storage tank 10 through the liquid outlet pipe 10.3; the height of the liquid level in the constant-pressure steady flow box 7 depends on the height of the overflow plate 7.1, and the liquid level is ensured to be kept at the same height in the experimental process. Different magnetic field environments are set in the experiment, and the fluidity and the magnetic field rule of the fluid in the pipe can be intuitively and conveniently explored by observing the parameter change of the measuring device when the recording fluid flows through the pipeline 6 in the different magnetic field environments.
Referring to fig. 2a to 2c, the control circuit is capable of generating an effective magnetic field length which is the winding length of the metal coil 4 in the access circuit, wherein the effective magnetic field length in fig. 2a is the sum of two winding lengths of the metal coil, the effective magnetic field length in fig. 2b is the winding length of the left side of the metal coil, and the effective magnetic field length in fig. 2c is the winding length of the right side of the metal coil; and the effective magnetic field length can be changed by adjusting the number of turns of the coil through the fixing clamp 5.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structure of the stabilizer 7.2 is shown, round holes are uniformly formed in the stabilizer 7.2, and the stabilizer 7.2 is used for ensuring that crude oil in the constant-pressure stabilizer 7 stably enters the pipeline 6.
Referring to fig. 4, an on-line viscometer is schematically shown, and is mounted on a pipeline 6 through a flange 1.1, and 1.2 is a stainless steel probe for detecting temperature and viscosity values.
Referring to fig. 5, when the power switch 9.36 is turned on, the display screen 9.31 will display the output current and voltage at this time, after an initial voltage is given by the voltage coarse tuning knob 9.32 and the voltage fine tuning knob 9.33, the output current is accurately changed by adjusting the current coarse tuning knob 9.37 and the fine tuning knob 9.38 again, the effect of changing the magnitude of the magnetic field of the pipeline is achieved, note that the maximum current value output at this time cannot exceed the fusing current of the winding copper-cored wire, and the calculation formula is I d ＝80d 3/2 。
Referring to fig. 6, in the experimental process, the rule of the fluidity and the axial magnetic field change of the liquid is mainly explored by observing and recording the numerical change of the measuring device, which is specifically expressed as follows: magnetic induction intensity, magnetic treatment time and magnetic treatment temperature, and the liquid viscosity and flow.
Now, given a specific embodiment, in this embodiment: crude oil is adopted as the experimental liquid. The length of the pipeline 6 is 360cm, the inner diameter is 2cm, and a heat insulation layer is arranged on the outer wall in order to avoid the influence of the heat of the coil wound after power-on fluid in the pipeline. The tightly wound metal coil 4 is wound by adopting a copper core enameled wire with a single layer, the inner diameter is 0.5mm, the winding direction of the wound coil is the same and divided into two sections, the winding degree of each section is 12cm, and the number of turns n at the moment is about 2000 turns/m. The fixed clamp 5 is respectively arranged at two ends of the coil, can adjust tightness, can move on a pipeline, and is convenient to adjust the number of turns of each section of coil.
When a copper core with the thickness of 0.5mm is adopted, the fusing current is 28A, and the field intensity range generated in a pipeline can be estimated by adopting an ideal formula: b=μ 0 nI (here μ) 0 Is vacuum permeability, the numerical value is 1.2566 multiplied by 10 -6 ) When the number of layers of the winding coil is n, the field intensity ranges from 0 to 70n mT.
The invention relates to a use method of an adjustable externally applied axial magnetic field experimental device, which mainly comprises the following steps:
step one: as shown in FIG. 1, the valve 3 is closed, enough crude oil for experiment is prepared in the liquid storage tank 10, the pump 10.1 is turned on to enable the crude oil to flow into the constant-pressure steady flow tank 7 until the crude oil overflows from the overflow plate 7.1, the pipeline 6 is filled with the crude oil, the valve 3 is opened, and when the crude oil stably flows out, the initial flow Q of the crude oil under the condition of no magnetic field at the moment is recorded 0 Temperature T 0 Viscosity mu 0 。
Step two: the circuit is connected according to the wiring mode of fig. 2a, the length of the effective magnetic field generated by the pipeline is the sum of the winding lengths of the two sections of metal coils 4, the external control circuit trunk switch 9.4 is in an off state,
step three: closing the valve 3 to enable the crude oil to be refilled in the pipeline 6, opening the direct current stabilized power supply 9.3, and keeping the output voltage at an initial value V 1 The output current knob is regulated unchanged, and smaller output current is given as I 1 At this time, the main switch 9.4 is closed, an axial magnetic field is generated in the pipeline, and the time t of magnetic treatment is recorded 1 Opening the switch, opening the outlet valve 3, and recording the flow Q of crude oil under the magnetic treatment condition 1 Temperature T 1 Viscosity mu 1 。
Step four: after the crude oil treated by the magnetic treatment in the above steps is completely discharged, the valve 3 is closed, the pipeline is controlled to be refilled with the crude oil, and the initial value V of the output voltage is maintained 1 The output current knob is regulated to increase the output current to I 2 After the trunk line switch is closed, the pipeline is internally provided withGenerating a new magnetic field, recording the time t of the magnetic treatment 2 Opening valve 3 and recording the flow Q of crude oil under the magnetic field condition 2 Temperature T 2 Viscosity mu 2 。
Step five: and referring to the third step and the fourth step, continuously adjusting the output current knob to increase the current I, and recording the corresponding crude oil flow, temperature and viscosity after the magnetic treatment with the time t. And by analogy, a series of experimental data are obtained. Similarly, the circuit wiring mode shown in fig. 2 (b) and fig. 2 (c) can be adopted to generate magnetic fields with different lengths; the number of turns of each section can be adjusted through the fixing clamp so as to achieve the purpose of magnetic fields with different lengths.
As shown in FIG. 6, since the viscosity and fluidity of crude oil are related to the magnetic field intensity, the magnetic treatment time and the temperature factors in the experiment, each variable should be fully considered in the experiment, and a controlled variable method can be adopted to change only one parameter in each group of experiments, which is more beneficial to obtaining accurate experimental results.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. An adjustable externally applied axial magnetic field experimental device is characterized in that: comprises a steady flow device, a magnetic field generating device and a measuring device;
the flow stabilizing device comprises a pipeline (6), a constant-pressure flow stabilizing box (7), a liquid storage box (10) and a transfer box (8); the inlet end of the pipeline (6) is communicated with the constant-pressure steady flow box (7), the outlet end of the pipeline is communicated with the transfer box (8), and the liquid storage box (10) is positioned below the constant-pressure steady flow box (7) and connected with the bottom of the constant-pressure steady flow box (7) for supplying liquid to the constant-pressure steady flow box (7);
the magnetic field generating device comprises a metal coil (4), a fixing clamp (5) and a control circuit (9); the metal coil (4) is wound outside the pipeline (6), and two ends of the metal coil (4) are connected with the control circuit (9) and used for generating a magnetic field; the fixing clamp (5) is arranged at two ends of the metal coil (4), and the fixing clamp (5) can move on the pipeline (6) and is used for fixing the metal coil (4) and adjusting the length of the winding coil;
the measuring device comprises a flowmeter (2) and an online viscometer (1); the flowmeter (2) and the online viscosimeter (1) are arranged at the outlet end of the pipeline (6);
the bottom of the constant-pressure steady flow box (7) is provided with a liquid inlet (7.4) and a liquid outlet (7.5); an overflow plate (7.1), a steady flow plate (7.2) and steady flow balls (7.3) are arranged in the constant-pressure steady flow box (7); the liquid inlet (7.4) is arranged between the overflow plate (7.1) and the steady flow plate (7.2); the flow stabilizing plate (7.2) is arranged between the liquid inlet (7.4) and the liquid outlet (7.5); the steady flow ball (7.3) is arranged at the liquid inlet (7.4) to control the liquid to flow in steadily; the height of the steady flow plate (7.2) is lower than that of the overflow plate (7.1);
a pump (10.1), a liquid inlet pipe (10.2) and a liquid outlet pipe (10.3) are arranged in the liquid storage tank (10); the pump (10.1) is connected with the liquid inlet (7.4) through the liquid inlet pipe (10.2); the liquid outlet pipe (10.3) is connected with the liquid outlet (7.5);
two sections of metal coils (4) are tightly wound outside the pipeline (6), the metal coils (4) are made of copper-core enameled wires, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the pipeline (6) and the wound coils, and a valve (3) is arranged at the outlet end of the pipeline (6);
the control circuit (9) is formed by connecting a lead (9.1), a protection device (9.2), a direct-current stabilized power supply (9.3), a trunk switch (9.4) and a lead interface (9.5) in series; the direct-current stabilized power supply (9.3) has the functions of a motor display screen and a knob adjustment, the display screen can display the output current and voltage values in real time, and the knob can accurately adjust the output current and voltage; the wire interfaces (9.5) reserved in the control circuit (9) are connected with two ends of the metal coil (4), and axial magnetic fields with different lengths are generated through different wire connection methods; the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe (10.2) is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe (10.3), and the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe (10.2) is larger than or equal to the inner diameter of the pipeline (6).
2. An adjustable externally applied axial magnetic field experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner diameter of the pipeline (6) is 1-3 cm, and the length of the pipeline is 2-3 m; the inner diameter of the metal coil (4) is controlled within the range of 0.4 mm-1.0 mm, the winding length of each section of coil is controlled to be 0.6-1.2 m, and the number of turns is controlled to be 800-3600 turns/m.
3. Use of an adjustable externally applied axial magnetic field experimental device according to any of claims 1-2, comprising the steps of:
step one: the experimental device is assembled, the valve (3) is in a closed state, enough crude oil for experiments is prepared in the liquid storage tank (10), the pump (10.1) is opened to enable the crude oil to flow into the constant-pressure steady flow tank (7) until the crude oil overflows from the overflow plate (7.1), the pipeline (6) is filled with the crude oil at the moment, the valve (3) is opened, and when the crude oil stably flows out, the initial flow Q of the crude oil under the condition of no magnetic field at the moment is recorded through the flowmeter (2) and the online viscosimeter (1) 0 Temperature T 0 Viscosity mu 0 ；
Step two: closing the valve (3) to recharge the pipeline (6) with crude oil, selecting a length L 1 The metal coil (4) of the power supply is connected with a control circuit (9), a direct current stabilized power supply (9.3) is turned on, and the output voltage is kept as an initial value V 1 The output current knob is regulated unchanged, and smaller output current is given as I 1 At this time, the main switch (9.4) is closed, an axial magnetic field is generated in the pipeline (6), and the time t of magnetic treatment is recorded 1 The main line switch (9.4) is disconnected, the valve (3) is opened, and the flow Q of crude oil under the magnetic treatment condition at the moment is recorded 1 Temperature T 1 Viscosity mu 1 ；
Step three: after the crude oil treated by the magnetic treatment in the step is completely discharged, the valve (3) is closed, the pipeline is controlled to be refilled with the crude oil, and the initial value V of the output voltage is kept 1 The output current knob is regulated to output different current values I i I=2, 3,4 …; after the main line switch is closed, a new magnetic field is generated in the pipeline, and the time t of magnetic treatment is recorded i Opening a valve (3) and recording the flow Q of crude oil under the magnetic field condition i Temperature T i Viscosity mu i ；
Step four: and selecting metal coils (4) with different lengths to be connected with a control circuit (9), and repeating the operation contents of the second step and the third step to obtain crude oil flow, temperature and viscosity values under the metal coils with different lengths and different current values.
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