CN112498684A - Unmanned aerial vehicle carrying mobile 5G micro base station platform and use method - Google Patents
Unmanned aerial vehicle carrying mobile 5G micro base station platform and use method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle carried mobile 5G micro base station platform, which is characterized by comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group, a ground mobile control center and a user terminal in a target coverage area; the ground movable control center is in communication connection with the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group and is accessed to the core network through the ground movable control center; meanwhile, the ground movable control center can deploy and move the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group; the aerial unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group establishes connection with a user terminal in a ground target coverage area; each unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station can also be used as a relay of other unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base stations in the air to receive and transmit data; and finally, transmitting the information data of the user terminal in the target coverage area to a ground mobile control center and connecting to a core network. The invention avoids physical terrain influence and provides a 5G communication network for a specific area in the air.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle application, and particularly relates to a mobile 5G micro base station platform carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle and a using method.
Background
In recent years, the application field of the unmanned aerial vehicles is more and more changed from military direction to civil direction, and the used unmanned aerial vehicles are also changed from single large unmanned aerial vehicles to clustered small unmanned aerial vehicle clusters. At present, the small rotary wing type unmanned aerial vehicle becomes a civil mainstream, and is widely applied in the fields of video picture shooting, environment monitoring, emergency management, road flow monitoring and the like. Meanwhile, an unmanned aerial vehicle mobile base station which is gradually developed in recent years is moving to the visual field of the public.
At present, much research is already carried out on unmanned aerial vehicle mobile base stations, and mobile base stations such as the unmanned aerial vehicle mobile base stations can be used for providing network services under various different scenes. The unmanned aerial vehicle is used as a bearing platform of the aerial mobile base station, and has the following advantages: unmanned aerial vehicle possesses very high degree of freedom, utilizes unmanned aerial vehicle to carry on the restriction that the base station can overcome geographical environment. Compared with a ground mobile base station, the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying base station can rapidly and efficiently deploy and network in different areas without considering the obstruction of physical environment.
The current unmanned aerial vehicle micro base station deployment is mainly to meet the coverage of a target area communication network. However, due to the cruising ability of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the battery carried under the condition of limited load cannot provide the long-time stable cruising ability for the whole system. A mooring type unmanned aerial vehicle micro base station is connected with the ground through a cable fixed point for supplying power, the air-stagnation working time can be prolonged, the characteristic that the unmanned aerial vehicle flexibly moves is lost, and communication service cannot be provided under a transfer type scene.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a mobile 5G micro base station platform carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle and a using method thereof, aiming at urgently needing a 5G communication network under special conditions or temporarily expanding the communication capacity of the existing 5G network.
The invention comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group, a ground movable control center and a user terminal in a target coverage area.
The ground mobile control center is in communication connection with the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group and is accessed to the core network through the ground mobile control center. Meanwhile, the ground movable control center can deploy and mobilize the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group. And the aerial unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group establishes connection with the user terminal in the ground target coverage area. Wherein each unmanned aerial vehicle 5G little basic station also can be as the relay of other unmanned aerial vehicle 5G little basic stations in the air, receive and dispatch data. And finally, transmitting the information data of the user terminal in the target coverage area to a ground mobile control center and connecting to a core network.
The ground mobile control center comprises three parts, namely an unmanned aerial vehicle control system, a communication system and a battery charging system. The unmanned aerial vehicle control system is mainly used for monitoring the flight state of each unmanned aerial vehicle in the 5G micro base station group of the unmanned aerial vehicles and controlling and deploying the unmanned aerial vehicles. After the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying the 5G micro base station completes communication service work in a period of time according to a set track, the unmanned aerial vehicle can return to the ground according to a planned path due to limited electric quantity of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The communication system transmits data from the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group and data from the core network to the aerial unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group through the ground movable control center in real time. The power charging system is used for charging the power supply battery of the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group, has the characteristics of rapidness, high efficiency and safety, and can safely complete battery charging in limited time to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group can have sufficient batteries for standby at any time.
Every unmanned aerial vehicle in the little base station crowd of unmanned aerial vehicle 5G all is provided with communication system I, power supply battery and the unmanned aerial vehicle system of taking oneself. The communication system I comprises a 5G micro base station and a relay system, wherein the 5G micro base station is used for providing 5G communication service for the user terminal in a target coverage area; the relay system is used for connecting adjacent unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station groups, and the unmanned aerial vehicle serves as an aerial relay node at the moment, smoothly accesses an aerial communication network into a ground movable control center and then merges into a ground communication core network. The power supply battery supplies power for communication system I and unmanned aerial vehicle system. The unmanned aerial vehicle system utilizes the communication unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle to communicate with the ground movable control center, and is used for carrying out flight control and returning each parameter of the unmanned aerial vehicle. According to a preset path planning instruction of the ground movable control center, the unmanned aerial vehicle is hovered above the user terminal in the target coverage area or flies back to the ground to ensure stable landing. Meanwhile, the unmanned aerial vehicle system acquires the information such as angular velocity, acceleration, distance, positioning information and the like from each sensor by using a central processing unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle to help the unmanned aerial vehicle to control the flight attitude.
According to different communication requirements of different scenes, the distribution of users is different, and the performance requirements for the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group networking are also different. The unmanned aerial vehicle micro base station group deployment method is roughly divided into two types, wherein one type is unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group deployment under the condition that ground communication infrastructures in disaster areas are damaged or no ground communication infrastructures exist in the areas such as the wild areas. The other is the situation that the communication expansion is needed because the users are proliferated to cause that the ground base station is overloaded and can not provide communication service for all the users or the capability of the ground base station is limited. Firstly, the number of unmanned aerial vehicles 5G micro base stations is determined according to a demand scene, the size of a target area, the number and distribution of users and communication capacity. Secondly, according to the using scene and the number of the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base stations, an optimal unmanned aerial vehicle deployment algorithm is used for making a deployment scheme, and the path is planned according to the principles of shortest path, shortest time consumption and least energy consumption in the three-dimensional space. And thirdly, setting the takeoff time interval of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the peak staggering return principle of the battery power, and ensuring that the unmanned aerial vehicle can return to the home after the battery residual power reaches the preset value. And finally, using the 5G micro base station and the relay system according to the service scene requirements, and finally realizing the signal communication of the air 5G micro base station to the ground core network.
The aerial unmanned aerial vehicle dynamic scheduling network is realized: when the power supply of one unmanned aerial vehicle is insufficient, the unmanned aerial vehicle returns to the ground according to a set program, meanwhile, the adjacent unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station supplements the position, and the ground waits for the unmanned aerial vehicle taking off alternately to take over the nearest vacant position. When the unmanned aerial vehicle with insufficient electric quantity flies back to the set position, the adjacent unmanned aerial vehicles supplement the positions flying to the vacancy in the past, and the ground standby unmanned aerial vehicle takes off to supplement the vacancy positions. And finally, the 5G micro base station carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle is ensured to provide 5G communication service all the time in a certain air range.
Advantageous description of the invention:
1. the provided unmanned aerial vehicle-based mobile platform carrying 5G micro base station can avoid physical terrain influence based on the aerial flight advantage of the unmanned aerial vehicle in a complex area, and provides a 5G communication network for a specific area in the air.
2. The system platform insists on carrying the 5G micro base station by using the unmanned aerial vehicle mobile platform, and deploys the 5G micro base station in a specific area in a short time. A successive unmanned aerial vehicle scheduling method is considered under the cruising ability of the existing unmanned aerial vehicle, and 5G traffic service is continuously provided for a specified area.
3. The provided unmanned aerial vehicle movable platform carries the 5G micro base station, and based on the motion characteristics, the unmanned aerial vehicle movable platform can be used for the situation that ground communication infrastructure in disaster areas is damaged or no ground communication infrastructure exists in the areas such as the wild areas, for example, the situation that the ground base station is overloaded and cannot provide communication service for all users or the situation that the capacity of the ground base station is limited and communication expansion is needed due to the fact that the users are increased rapidly. The problem that no 5G network exists in emergency is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group communication of an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying a mobile 5G micro base station platform according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a ground control system of an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying a mobile 5G micro base station platform according to an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted 5G micro base station system for an unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted mobile 5G micro base station platform according to an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a planning, scheduling and operating process of a 5G base station of an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying a mobile 5G micro base station platform using method provided by an embodiment of the invention
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below.
As shown in fig. 1, it is a schematic diagram of unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group communication. The unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station communication network consists of three parts, namely an unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group, a ground movable control center and a user terminal in a target coverage area. The unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group is connected with a ground mobile control center, and the ground mobile control center is accessed into a core network. Meanwhile, the ground movable control center can also deploy and dispatch the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group. The aerial unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group establishes connection with the user terminal in the ground target coverage area, and provides communication service for the user terminal. Wherein each unmanned aerial vehicle 5G little basic station can also regard as the relay node of other unmanned aerial vehicle 5G little basic stations in the air, receive and dispatch data. And finally, connecting the information data of the user terminal in the target coverage area into the core network.
As shown in fig. 2, the ground mobile control center system block diagram includes three parts, namely, a drone control system, a communication system, and a battery charging system. The unmanned aerial vehicle control system is mainly used for monitoring the flight state of each unmanned aerial vehicle in the 5G micro base station group of the unmanned aerial vehicles and controlling and deploying the unmanned aerial vehicles. After the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying the 5G micro base station completes communication service work in a period of time according to a set track, the unmanned aerial vehicle can return to the ground according to a planned path due to limited electric quantity of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The communication system transmits data from the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group and data sent to the aerial unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group from the ground core network in real time. The power charging system is used for charging the power supply battery of the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group, has the characteristics of rapidness, high efficiency and safety, and can safely complete the charging of the battery in a short time to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group can have a sufficient battery for standby at any time.
As shown in fig. 3, the unmanned aerial vehicle carries a 5G micro base station system block diagram, which mainly includes a communication system I, a power supply system, and an own unmanned aerial vehicle system. Communication system I includes relay system, the little basic station of 5G, and the unmanned aerial vehicle system of taking certainly has included central processing unit, unmanned aerial vehicle communication unit, gyroscope, accelerometer, ranging unit, GPS, motor drive unit etc.. The 5G micro base station in the communication system I is used to provide 5G communication services for the user terminals in the target coverage area. The relay unit in the communication system I is used for connecting adjacent unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station groups, at the moment, the unmanned aerial vehicle serves as an aerial relay node, data from the surrounding unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station groups are transmitted or retransmitted, and finally, the aerial unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group communication network is merged into the ground communication core network. Therefore, the signal coverage can be greatly enlarged under the limited number of the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base stations. The power supply system supplies power for the communication system I and the unmanned aerial vehicle system. The unmanned aerial vehicle system utilizes the unmanned aerial vehicle communication unit to communicate with the ground movable control center for flight control and returning of each parameter of the unmanned aerial vehicle. According to a preset path planning instruction of the ground movable control center, the unmanned aerial vehicle is hovered above the user terminal in the target coverage area or flies back to the ground to ensure stable landing. Meanwhile, the unmanned aerial vehicle system acquires the information such as angular velocity, acceleration, distance, positioning information and the like from each sensor by using a central processing unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle to help the unmanned aerial vehicle to control the flight attitude.
The unmanned aerial vehicle carries the mobile 5G micro base station platform and uses the embodiment as follows.
According to different communication requirements of different scenes, the distribution of users is different, and the performance requirements for the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group networking are also different. The unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group is deployed under the condition that ground communication infrastructures are damaged in disaster areas or no ground communication infrastructures exist in the fields and other areas, and the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group is independently networked to provide communication services for ground users. Only the communication connection between the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group and the ground user are considered at the moment. The other is the situation that the communication expansion is needed because the users are proliferated to cause that the ground base station is overloaded and can not provide communication service for all the users or the capability of the ground base station is limited. In this case, in addition to the communication connection between the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group and the ground user, the connectivity and the communication capacity between the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group and the ground mobile control center need to be considered.
The embodiment of the invention relates to three types of unmanned aerial vehicle objects, namely a return aircraft, a position supplementing machine and a spare wheel exchanger. The return aircraft refers to the unmanned aerial vehicle of waiting to change the battery, and the machine of reseeding refers to the unmanned aerial vehicle of the supplementary vacancy position, and reserve rotation machine indicates that partial unmanned aerial vehicle need change the battery when leaving the field for the reserve unmanned aerial vehicle that supplements aerial unmanned aerial vehicle 5G little base station crowd quantity.
Step 1, determining the number of unmanned aerial vehicles 5G micro base stations according to a demand scene, the size of a target area, the number of users and distribution: emergency service is provided under the condition that communication infrastructure in a disaster area is damaged or no ground base station signal exists in the field, the coverage range of communication needs to be considered in a key mode, and a proper number of unmanned aerial vehicles 5G micro base stations are selected to provide basic communication service. For example, in some places of China, geological disasters such as debris flow, landslide and the like occur, communication infrastructure is damaged, and communication service is urgently needed. In the situation that the users in a certain area are proliferated to cause that the ground base station is overloaded and can not provide all user communication services or the capacity of the ground base station is limited and communication expansion is required, short-term communication services are provided. For example, a large conference or a performance event may be performed in a certain area, and a temporary expansion may be required due to a limited regional communication service capacity. The capacity of the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station wireless communication system is increased in important consideration under the condition that stable communication needs to be guaranteed, and the number of the suitable unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base stations is selected.
Step 2, formulating unmanned aerial vehicle deployment schemes and path plans according to the use scene and the number of used 5G micro base stations of unmanned aerial vehicles: after the coverage area of the needed base stations and the number of the micro base stations are determined, an optimal unmanned aerial vehicle deployment algorithm such as an adaptive ant colony algorithm, an improved artificial potential field method and other optimization algorithms is used for making a deployment scheme. The flight path can be planned in the region outside the obstacle according to the principle that the path is shortest, the time consumption is shortest and the energy consumption is least in the three-dimensional space.
And 3, taking off at certain intervals according to the flight plan of the unmanned aerial vehicle: the takeoff time interval of the unmanned aerial vehicle is set according to the principle that the electric quantity of the battery returns from peak to peak, the situation that the battery returns from peak to peak when the battery residual electric quantity reaches the preset value and returns to the round trip is guaranteed, and the continuity and the sustainability of communication service are guaranteed. For example, in the unmanned aerial vehicle deployment and take-off stage, the unmanned aerial vehicles take off sequentially and orderly, and when the first unmanned aerial vehicle needs to return, the subsequent unmanned aerial vehicles return in a staggered peak mode.
And 4, using the 5G micro base station and the relay system according to the service scene: the 5G micro base station provides 5G communication service for the target coverage area. In some scenes, if some unmanned aerial vehicles are too far away from the ground mobile control center and cannot be directly connected, the relay system can transmit data of the 5G micro base station from the far end and data from the ground mobile control center. And finally, the air 5G micro base station is communicated with a ground core network through signals.
Step 5, realizing the aerial unmanned aerial vehicle dynamic scheduling network: when the power supply of one unmanned aerial vehicle is insufficient, the unmanned aerial vehicle returns to the ground according to a set program, meanwhile, the adjacent unmanned aerial vehicle supplements the position, and the standby unmanned aerial vehicle taking off alternately on the ground takes over the nearest vacant position. As shown in fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a planning, scheduling and operating process of a 5G base station of an unmanned aerial vehicle 5G, when the return unmanned aerial vehicle flies away from a set position, the position supplementing machine 1 flies to an empty position, the position supplementing machine 2 flies to a position where the position supplementing machine 1 leaves, and the spare wheel exchanger takes off to supplement the position where the position supplementing machine 2 leaves. Unmanned aerial vehicle 5G little base station crowd takes over flight, guarantees to have the little base station of 5G that unmanned aerial vehicle carried to provide 5G communication service all the time in certain aerial scope.
Claims (4)
1. An unmanned aerial vehicle carries a mobile 5G micro base station platform, which is characterized by comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group, a ground mobile control center and a user terminal in a target coverage area; the ground movable control center is in communication connection with the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group and is accessed to the core network through the ground movable control center; meanwhile, the ground movable control center can deploy and move the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group; the aerial unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group establishes connection with a user terminal in a ground target coverage area; each unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station can also be used as a relay of other unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base stations in the air to receive and transmit data; and finally, transmitting the information data of the user terminal in the target coverage area to a ground mobile control center and connecting to a core network.
2. The unmanned aerial vehicle carries on little basic station platform of portable 5G of claim 1, characterized by that the ground can move the control center and include three parts, be unmanned aerial vehicle control system, communication system and battery charging system respectively; the unmanned aerial vehicle control system is mainly used for monitoring the flight state of each unmanned aerial vehicle in the 5G micro base station group of the unmanned aerial vehicles and controlling and deploying the unmanned aerial vehicles; after the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying the 5G micro base station completes communication service work in a period of time according to a set track, the unmanned aerial vehicle returns to the ground according to a planned path due to limited electric quantity of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the communication system transmits data from the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group and data from a core network to the aerial unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group through the ground movable control center in real time; the power charging system is used for charging the power supply battery of the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group, has the characteristics of rapidness, high efficiency and safety, and can safely complete battery charging in limited time to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group can have sufficient batteries for standby at any time.
3. The unmanned aerial vehicle carried mobile 5G micro base station platform as claimed in claim 2, wherein each unmanned aerial vehicle in the unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station group is provided with a communication system I, a power supply battery and an unmanned aerial vehicle system; the communication system I comprises a 5G micro base station and a relay system, wherein the 5G micro base station is used for providing 5G communication service for the user terminal in a target coverage area; the relay system is used for connecting adjacent unmanned aerial vehicle 5G micro base station groups, and the unmanned aerial vehicle serves as an aerial relay node at the moment, smoothly accesses an aerial communication network into a ground movable control center and then is merged into a ground communication core network; the power supply battery supplies power to the communication system I and the unmanned aerial vehicle system; the unmanned aerial vehicle system utilizes a communication unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle to communicate with a ground movable control center, and is used for carrying out flight control and returning each parameter of the unmanned aerial vehicle; according to a preset path planning instruction of the ground movable control center, the unmanned aerial vehicle is hovered above the user terminal in the target coverage area, or flies back to the ground to ensure stable landing; meanwhile, the unmanned aerial vehicle system acquires the information such as angular velocity, acceleration, distance, positioning information and the like from each sensor by using a central processing unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle to help the unmanned aerial vehicle to control the flight attitude.
4. The unmanned aerial vehicle carries on portable 5G little base station platform of claim 3, characterized by that the application method is as follows:
step 1, determining the number of unmanned aerial vehicles 5G micro base stations according to a demand scene, the size of a target area, the number of users and distribution: emergency service is provided under the condition that communication infrastructure of a disaster area is damaged or no ground base station signal exists in the field, the coverage range of communication needs to be considered in a key mode, and unmanned aerial vehicles 5G micro base stations which meet the requirement in number are selected to provide basic communication service;
step 2, formulating unmanned aerial vehicle deployment schemes and path plans according to the use scene and the number of used 5G micro base stations of unmanned aerial vehicles: after the coverage area of the needed base stations and the number of the micro base stations are determined, a deployment scheme is formulated by using an optimal unmanned aerial vehicle deployment algorithm; the flight path can be planned in the region outside the obstacle according to the principles of shortest path, shortest time consumption and least energy consumption in the three-dimensional space;
the optimal unmanned aerial vehicle deployment algorithm comprises a self-adaptive ant colony algorithm and an improved artificial potential field method;
and 3, taking off at certain intervals according to the flight plan of the unmanned aerial vehicle: setting the takeoff time interval of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the principle of peak staggering and returning of the battery electric quantity, ensuring that peak staggering and returning can be realized when returning and returning are performed after the battery residual electric quantity reaches a preset value, and ensuring the continuity and sustainability of communication service;
and 4, using the 5G micro base station and the relay system according to the service scene: the 5G micro base station provides 5G communication service for the target coverage area; in some scenes, if some unmanned aerial vehicles are too far away from the ground mobile control center and cannot be directly connected, the relay system can transmit data of the 5G micro base station from the far end and data from the ground mobile control center; finally, the air 5G micro base station is communicated to a ground core network through signals;
step 5, realizing the aerial unmanned aerial vehicle dynamic scheduling network: when the power supply of one unmanned aerial vehicle is insufficient, the unmanned aerial vehicle returns to the ground according to a set program, meanwhile, the adjacent unmanned aerial vehicle supplements the position, and the standby unmanned aerial vehicle taking off alternately on the ground takes over the nearest vacant position.
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