CN112492543B - Vehicle safety transmission system and method based on Internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link - Google Patents
Vehicle safety transmission system and method based on Internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link Download PDFInfo
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- CN112492543B CN112492543B CN202011194605.0A CN202011194605A CN112492543B CN 112492543 B CN112492543 B CN 112492543B CN 202011194605 A CN202011194605 A CN 202011194605A CN 112492543 B CN112492543 B CN 112492543B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
- H04W4/44—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
- H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections
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Abstract
The application discloses a vehicle safety transmission system and a vehicle safety transmission method based on an Internet of vehicles (MEC) and a D2D link, wherein each vehicle safety sensor module is taken as a D2D user node, and a vehicle owner mobile device is taken as a cellular user to construct a single-cellular multi-D2D link safety transmission system; all the vehicle safety sensor modules send the collected vehicle safety information to the vehicle owner mobile equipment; the vehicle owner mobile equipment receives the vehicle safety information of all the vehicle safety sensor modules and uploads all the vehicle safety information to the MEC mobile edge computing platform; and the vehicle owner mobile equipment receives an analysis result of the vehicle safety information returned by the MEC mobile edge computing platform. The application simplifies and reliabilities the vehicle safety system based on D2D and MEC, can reduce the transmission delay of information to millisecond level, fully utilizes the personal mobile terminal of the driving user, is convenient for safety treatment in the driving process, and reduces the implementation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The application particularly relates to a vehicle safety transmission system based on an Internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link, and also relates to a vehicle safety transmission method based on the Internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link, belonging to the technical field of Internet of vehicles.
Background
With the rapid popularization of mobile terminals, use dependence has been generated on mobile terminals and their APP applications. In the driving process, the mobile terminal APP is mostly used for searching the destination position and the interest point information, and acquiring a new driving route, real-time traffic information and the like. Most of the existing vehicle safety systems use a 2G/3G mobile communication technology, and a vehicle terminal and a platform are directly communicated, so that information exchange between a vehicle and an adjacent vehicle or between a front vehicle and a rear vehicle can not be realized. The information output of the existing vehicle safety system is not flexible enough, the dependence degree of people on mobile phones is improved, and the highly integrated management system of the mobile terminal is gradually favored by people. The vehicle safety information is provided by a plurality of safety devices in different fields, each sensor is to be customized in a point-to-multipoint mode, and a system for transmitting the information of the devices in real time gradually replaces an old information centralized acquisition system, such as the rise of a v2x vehicle networking communication system.
At present, the traditional vehicle safety system is complex and tedious, lacks high centralized management, has low transmission efficiency and unreliable, high delay, low bandwidth and lag in sensor processing information speed, and has extremely low analysis efficiency of general mobile equipment on the big data, which can generate fatal errors. Meanwhile, the existing vehicle safety system cannot conform to the trend of the age, does not conform to the life style of modern people, and is not embedded into mobile equipment with high centralized management.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a vehicle safety transmission method based on an Internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link, and solves the technical problems that the traditional vehicle safety system is complex and tedious and lacks of high centralized management.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a vehicle safety transmission system based on an Internet of vehicles (MEC) and a D2D link, which comprises a plurality of vehicle safety sensor modules deployed on a vehicle, a vehicle owner mobile device and an MEC mobile edge computing platform;
a single-cell multi-D2D link secure transmission system is constructed between all the vehicle security sensor modules and the vehicle owner mobile equipment;
the vehicle safety sensor module is used for collecting vehicle safety information and sending the vehicle safety information to the vehicle owner mobile equipment;
the vehicle owner mobile equipment is used for receiving the vehicle safety information of all the vehicle safety sensor modules, uploading all the vehicle safety information to the MEC mobile edge computing platform and receiving analysis results returned by the vehicle owner mobile equipment;
and the MEC mobile edge computing platform is used for analyzing all the vehicle safety information and returning the analysis result to the vehicle owner mobile equipment.
Further, all the vehicle safety sensor modules are communicated with the vehicle owner mobile device based on a 5G network.
Correspondingly, the application also provides a vehicle safety transmission method based on the Internet of vehicles MEC and the D2D link, which comprises the following steps:
taking each vehicle safety sensor module as a D2D user node, taking the vehicle owner mobile equipment as a cellular user, and constructing a single-cellular multi-D2D link safety transmission system;
all the vehicle safety sensor modules send the collected vehicle safety information to the vehicle owner mobile equipment;
the vehicle owner mobile equipment receives the vehicle safety information of all the vehicle safety sensor modules and uploads all the vehicle safety information to the MEC mobile edge computing platform;
and the vehicle owner mobile equipment receives an analysis result of the vehicle safety information returned by the MEC mobile edge computing platform.
Further, the all vehicle safety sensor modules send the collected vehicle safety information to the vehicle owner mobile device, including:
all the vehicle safety sensor modules send the collected vehicle safety information to the vehicle owner mobile equipment in a time sharing mode.
Further, all D2D user nodes obey a uniform poisson distribution.
Further, the single-cell multi-D2D link secure transmission system is a cellular heterogeneous network.
Further, the single-cell multi-D2D link safety transmission system meets two dynamic balance conditions of the maximum transmission power of a D2D transmitting end and the minimum transmission power of a cellular user.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the application, a D2D one-to-many direct connection technology is adopted between the vehicle safety sensor module and the mobile device, so that the data acquisition and transmission rate of the vehicle sensor module is reduced to the millisecond level, the acquisition efficiency of the mobile terminal is improved, and the reliability of the data is further improved.
2) The application combines the deployment strategy of the D2D communication system and the MEC mobile edge computing platform to realize the advantages of low delay, high bandwidth and low power consumption. The MEC mobile edge computing platform carries high-performance computing capacity and can rapidly collect distributed information, so that vehicle information transmission efficiency and speed can be remarkably optimized through deployment of the MEC mobile edge computing platform, and the Internet of vehicles is more intelligent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of the overall vehicle security system of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of the movement edge of the MEC up to the vehicle safety information according to the application.
Detailed Description
The application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
The innovation idea of the application is as follows: each vehicle safety sensor module is simulated into an actual network communication user, each vehicle safety sensor node is connected by constructing a 5G-based single-cell multi-D2D link system, and each sensor with different division work respectively transmits data to a mobile edge computing platform independently, parallelly and quickly in a time-sharing mode for data information analysis, and the analysis result is transmitted back to the mobile terminal for reference by a driver.
According to the vehicle safety transmission system based on the Internet of vehicles MEC and the D2D link, the system combining the D2D one-to-many communication system and the deployment strategy of the mobile edge calculation is adopted, and the advantages of low delay, high bandwidth and low power consumption can be realized through the transmission of data information under the system.
The MEC is a Mobile edge computing platform which is applied to a Mobile communication system (Mobile), edge nodes (Edg) and bears a large amount of computing tasks (computing), and can utilize a wireless access network to provide services and cloud computing functions required by telecommunication users IT nearby, so as to create a carrier class service environment with high performance, low delay and high bandwidth, accelerate the rapid downloading of various contents, services and applications in the network and enable consumers to enjoy uninterrupted high-quality network experience.
The D2D link refers to a communication manner in which two peer user nodes directly communicate with each other.
A method flow diagram of an embodiment of the application is shown in fig. 1. The application discloses a vehicle safety transmission method based on an Internet of vehicles MEC architecture and a D2D link, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) adding a wireless communication device supporting a 5G protocol to each vehicle safety sensor module on the vehicle as an information transmission module of each safety sensor module.
Typically, a plurality of vehicle safety sensor modules are mounted on a vehicle, and each vehicle safety sensor module is only responsible for acquiring one type of vehicle safety information in real time, for example: vehicle travel stability information, road surface condition information, vehicle own condition information, and the like.
And 2) taking each vehicle safety sensor module as a D2D user node, taking the vehicle owner mobile equipment as a cellular user, and taking the public mobile communication base station as an external base station to construct a 5G-based single-cellular multi-D2D link safety transmission system.
The information transmission from the vehicle safety sensor module to the vehicle owner mobile device is an extremely small-range information transmission system, and because the system is a 5G-based single-cell multi-D2D link system, each safety sensor module is formed by a plurality of D2D links established with the vehicle owner mobile device. The system cellular link adopts an orthogonal mode, namely a single sub-channel is distributed to a single cellular link, and the optimal system performance can be realized by adjusting the power of the D2D link and the power of the cellular communication and adopting time division multiplexing.
The specific process for realizing the optimal system performance is as follows:
2.1 All D2D user nodes in a 5G-based single-cell multi-D2D link system obey a uniform poisson distribution (PPP).
And establishing a plurality of D2D transmission links, wherein each vehicle safety sensor module is used as a node to perform D2D communication with the vehicle owner mobile equipment. Considering that in a small area where the vehicle is taken as a unit, there are not only information transmission of the vehicle safety sensor module, but also data transmission of outward cellular communication of the driver (such as a call made by the driver), and transmission of numerous data information of the passing vehicle, in the conventional case, mutual interference between signals may occur mainly in two parts:
(1) Interference between information transmission of a plurality of pairs of D2D links established by a plurality of vehicle security sensor modules and a terminal device (simultaneous transmission of different link data, necessarily generating interference);
(2) Interference between the D2D link of the vehicle safety sensor module and the cellular communication link created by the driver user's outward cellular communication.
In order to optimize the transmission of the D2D link and the cellular communication link to the maximum extent, the mutual interference of the data transmission of the D2D link and the cellular link needs to be considered, if there is a plurality of D2D links multiplexing one cellular network link together, the superposition interference of all D2D links needs to be considered for the cellular network link, and the system adopts a time-sharing transmission mode, so that only the mutual interference of a single D2D communication link and the cellular link needs to be considered.
Because the system may include multiple types of vehicle security sensor modules (the security sensors are not necessarily all manufactured by the same manufacturer or the communication protocols adopted by each sensor are different), the system adopts a network-cellular heterogeneous network generated by coordinating operation scenes for different devices. For cellular heterogeneous networks, cellular communication has a higher priority than D2D communication, and only if the cellular link meets the threshold condition, the D2D link can be established, so the system focuses on the quality of cellular communication.
Second, for D2D network links, it is necessary to consider whether there is interference of other D2D links, but since the system adopts a time-sharing transmission system, multiple D2D communication transmission links cannot exist simultaneously, so mutual interference between D2D communication links is negligible.
2.2 To ensure the data transmission quality of the cellular communication link, the D2D link's mutual interference with the cellular communication link needs to be considered.
Assuming that the ith pair of D2D user nodes (security sensor modules) are to establish D2D links, multiplexing the same cellular network link with the D2D links already established (j pair of D2D nodes), in order to ensure the quality of the multiplexed cellular network link, the SIR (signal to interference ratio) received by the base station is required to be greater than the threshold value gamma c 。
The conditional expression is:
wherein P is c Representing cellular power; d, d c，o Representing the distance of the cellular user to the base station; p (P) i Representing the power of the ith pair of D2D links; p (P) j Representing the power of the j-th pair of D2D links; d, d i，o Representing the distance from the ith D2D link to the base station; d, d j，o Representing the distance from the j-th D2D link to the base station; alpha is the path loss index.
When i=j, it means that only one D2D link multiplexes the resource, and no other D2D link exists. When i+.j, it indicates that there are other D2D links multiplexing the same resource. As the number of D2D links increases, the interference will continue to overlap. Since only one D2D link is generated at each moment in the system, the distance in the formula i=j is dynamically changed along with the running of the vehicle, and the power is dynamically changed along with the running of the vehicle, so that the two are only required to maintain a dynamic balance.
It is assumed that, at a certain moment,the coordinates of the base station are (0, 0), the coordinates of the driver (cellular user) are (m, n), and the coordinates of the ith D2D transmitting end (transmitting end of the vehicle safety sensor module) are (x) i ，y i ) Since only one D2D link is generated at each time, the above constraint equation of i=j is introduced, resulting in the following equation:
the formula shows that: the D2D transmitting end of the security sensor module multiplexing its spectrum resources must be outside a circular area with the base station as a center and R as a radius while satisfying the quality of service of cellular communication, where R represents the minimum distance between the D2D link and the base station.
This formula also shows that: r is also determined by the coordinates and transmit power of the cellular user, the transmit power of the D2D transmit end and the target threshold of the SIR. Because the positions of the cellular user and the vehicle sensor are determined, the transmitting power of the D2D transmitting end has a maximum value, and the transmitting power of the cellular user has a minimum value, so that the communication quality of the cellular link and the D2D communication link can be ensured. According to the thought, the maximum transmitting power of the D2D transmitting end and the minimum transmitting power expression of the cellular user can be obtained by deriving the constraint expression:
wherein P is D (MAX) represents the maximum transmit power of the D2D transmitting end; p (P) C (MIN) represents the minimum transmit power of the cellular user.
The formula shows that the communication quality of the D2D communication link and the cellular communication link can be ensured as long as the maximum transmission power of the D2D transmitting end and the minimum transmission power of the cellular user are met and the dynamic balance of the base station and the cellular user is kept.
Step 3) establishing a one-to-many time-sharing communication system based on the 5G single-cell multi-D2D link constructed in the step 2). The vehicle safety information of all the vehicle safety sensor modules is transmitted to the vehicle owner mobile device through a single-cell multi-D2D link in a time sharing mode.
The main mobile terminal (mobile equipment) is used as a main machine, the rest of the vehicle safety sensor modules are used as auxiliary machines, and the main machine and the auxiliary machines can be stably linked only by ensuring that the transmission bandwidths of the transmission and reception of the main machine and the auxiliary machines are the same, the transmission and reception addresses are the same, the transmission and reception channels are different, and the transmission and reception rates are the same.
Assume that there are one master and 5 slaves, and the channels of the setup slaves are 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, respectively. At this time, the host machine performs D2D communication with the first slave machine on the channel 10 at intervals of 1ms, then switches into the channel 20 to communicate with the second host machine at intervals of 1ms, and the like, and continuously loops, which is equivalent to real-time parallel information transmission between the mobile device of the vehicle owner and the plurality of vehicle safety sensor modules.
And 4) the vehicle owner mobile equipment receives a large amount of vehicle safety information of all the vehicle safety sensor modules in a one-to-many (D2D) real-time communication mode, and analyzes the data in real time by utilizing the MEC mobile edge computing platform to obtain important data such as vehicle surrounding information, vehicle safety information and the like.
MECs focus on the environment and cloud computing capabilities that provide IT services to users at the edge of a mobile network, with the intention of reducing network operation and service delivery latency near the mobile user. MEC is located between wireless network access points and wired networks because conventional wireless access networks have the advantages of service localization and close range deployment, resulting in high bandwidth and low latency transmission capabilities. By "sinking" the network traffic to the wireless network access side closer to the user in MEC mode, the direct benefit is that the user can significantly experience reduced transmission delay and the network congestion is significantly controlled. So that the speed of analysis and transmission of data is greatly increased.
The MEC mobile edge computing platform is an existing platform that provides functions related to vehicle safety detection, analysis and prediction of vehicle safety information data. By receiving and analyzing security data from the vehicle, the MEC mobile edge computing platform is able to propagate hazard warnings and delay-sensitive information within less than 20ms of delay. The low delay enables the driving vehicle to receive the data after analysis in a very short time, so that the driver can immediately react.
And 5) returning the real-time data obtained by calculation and analysis to the vehicle owner mobile equipment by the MEC mobile edge computing platform, and providing important information such as required vehicle surrounding information, vehicle safety information and the like for a driver. And provides important warnings to the driver based on these information.
According to the application, a D2D one-to-many direct connection technology is adopted between the vehicle safety sensor module and the vehicle owner mobile equipment, so that the data acquisition and transmission rate of the vehicle sensor is reduced to the millisecond level, the acquisition efficiency of the mobile terminal is improved, and the reliability of the data is further improved.
The application combines the D2D communication system with the deployment strategy of the mobile edge calculation, and can realize the advantages of low delay, high bandwidth and low power consumption. The MEC server carries high-performance computing capacity and can rapidly collect distributed information, so that vehicle information transmission efficiency and speed can be remarkably optimized through deployment of the MEC server and the MEC server, and the Internet of vehicles is more intelligent.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the vehicle safety transmission system based on the internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link of the present application includes a plurality of vehicle safety sensor modules deployed on a vehicle, a vehicle owner mobile device and a MEC mobile edge computing platform;
a single-cell multi-D2D link secure transmission system is constructed between all the vehicle security sensor modules and the vehicle owner mobile equipment;
the vehicle safety sensor module is used for collecting vehicle safety information and sending the vehicle safety information to the vehicle owner mobile equipment;
the vehicle owner mobile equipment is used for receiving the vehicle safety information of all the vehicle safety sensor modules, uploading all the vehicle safety information to the MEC mobile edge computing platform and receiving analysis results returned by the vehicle owner mobile equipment;
and the MEC mobile edge computing platform is used for analyzing all the vehicle safety information and returning the analysis result to the vehicle owner mobile equipment.
Further, all the vehicle safety sensor modules are communicated with the vehicle owner mobile device based on a 5G network.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the application.
Claims (9)
1. A vehicle safety transmission system based on an Internet of vehicles (MEC) and a D2D link is characterized by comprising a plurality of vehicle safety sensor modules deployed on a vehicle, a vehicle owner mobile device and an MEC mobile edge computing platform;
a single-cell multi-D2D link secure transmission system is constructed between all the vehicle security sensor modules and the vehicle owner mobile equipment;
the vehicle safety sensor module is used for collecting vehicle safety information and sending the vehicle safety information to the vehicle owner mobile equipment;
the vehicle owner mobile equipment is used for receiving the vehicle safety information of all the vehicle safety sensor modules, uploading all the vehicle safety information to the MEC mobile edge computing platform and receiving an analysis result returned by the MEC mobile edge computing platform;
and the MEC mobile edge computing platform is used for analyzing all the vehicle safety information and returning the analysis result to the vehicle owner mobile equipment.
2. The vehicle security transmission system based on the internet of vehicles MEC and D2D links according to claim 1, wherein all vehicle security sensor modules communicate with the vehicle owner mobile device based on a 5G network.
3. The vehicle security transmission system based on the internet of vehicles MEC and D2D links according to claim 2, wherein said single cellular multi D2D link security transmission system is a cellular heterogeneous network.
4. A vehicle safety transmission method based on an Internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking each vehicle safety sensor module as a D2D user node, taking the vehicle owner mobile equipment as a cellular user, and constructing a single-cellular multi-D2D link safety transmission system;
all the vehicle safety sensor modules send the collected vehicle safety information to the vehicle owner mobile equipment;
the vehicle owner mobile equipment receives the vehicle safety information of all the vehicle safety sensor modules and uploads all the vehicle safety information to the MEC mobile edge computing platform;
and the vehicle owner mobile equipment receives an analysis result of the vehicle safety information returned by the MEC mobile edge computing platform.
5. The vehicle security transmission method based on the internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link according to claim 4, wherein all vehicle security sensor modules communicate with the vehicle owner mobile device based on a 5G network.
6. The vehicle security transmission method based on the internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link according to claim 4, wherein said all vehicle security sensor modules send the collected vehicle security information to the vehicle owner mobile device, comprising:
all the vehicle safety sensor modules send the collected vehicle safety information to the vehicle owner mobile equipment in a time sharing mode.
7. The vehicle security transmission method based on the internet of vehicles MEC and D2D links according to claim 4, wherein all D2D user nodes obey a uniform poisson distribution.
8. The vehicle safety transmission method based on the internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link according to claim 4, wherein the single-cell multi-D2D link safety transmission system is a cellular heterogeneous network.
9. The vehicle safety transmission method based on the internet of vehicles MEC and D2D link according to claim 4, wherein the single cell multi D2D link safety transmission system satisfies two dynamic balance conditions of maximum transmission power of D2D transmitting end and minimum transmission power of cellular user.
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