CN112490843A - Device and method for generating broadband noise source based on quantum dot micro-column laser - Google Patents
Device and method for generating broadband noise source based on quantum dot micro-column laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device of a method for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-column laser, belonging to the technical field of methods for generating broadband noise sources; the technical problem to be solved is as follows: providing an improvement of a method for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-column laser; the technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: preparing a quantum dot micro-column laser as a first light source; injecting external narrow-band optical noise into the quantum dot laser prepared in the first step to generate a wide-band noise signal, splitting an optical signal output by the quantum dot laser by a beam splitter, converting one path of the optical signal into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector, outputting the electric signal to an oscilloscope and a frequency spectrometer for macroscopic observation, and outputting the other path of the optical signal to a Hanbury-Brown and Tevis interference measurement device for microscopic photon statistical measurement; the broadband noise signal generated by the invention has the characteristics of high bandwidth and no external cavity period, and the communication safety is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a device and a method for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-column laser, and belongs to the technical field of generating a broadband noise source based on the quantum dot micro-column laser.
Background
Random phenomena such as photon noise, thermal noise in resistors, and frequency jitter of oscillators have been used as a source of physical entropy for non-deterministic random number generation. With the advancement of technology, chaotic signals generated by applying external light feedback and external light injection to semiconductor lasers can also be used as entropy sources of unpredictable random numbers. Because the chaotic signal has the characteristics of high bandwidth and noise-like, the generated random bit rate is obviously improved. However, due to the introduction of disturbance of external optical feedback, such a chaotic light field has a strong external cavity delay period, which has a great influence on security in the field of quantum secret communication, such as quantum key distribution, chaotic synchronization and the like, and many researchers are based on suppressing the external cavity delay period of chaotic signals and improving security. For example, the national charuetron task group uses a dual-optical feedback semiconductor chaotic system, and achieves the purpose of suppressing the external cavity time delay characteristic by fixing the feedback intensity of one reflector and changing the feedback intensity of the other reflector [ refer to Acta phys.sin. Vol.60, No. 1014210 (2011) ]. In the aspect of increasing the bandwidth of chaotic signals, the purpose of increasing the bandwidth is achieved by directly modulating an optical feedback semiconductor laser [ references Acta phys.sin. Vol.62, No. 6064209 (2013) ].
Therefore, the invention proposes to inject an external narrow-band spontaneous emission noise signal into the quantum dot laser to generate a broadband noise signal source. The generated broadband noise signal has the characteristic of no external cavity time delay period, can be applied to the field of quantum secret communication, and greatly improves the safety performance. And because the size of the quantum dot micro-column laser used in the device is in the order of several microns, the quantum dot micro-column laser is very suitable for the development of the future integration miniaturization direction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that: an improvement in the hardware architecture of a device and an improvement in the method for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-pillar laser are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-column laser mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a quantum dot micro-column laser as a first light source;
step two: injecting external narrow-band optical noise into the quantum dot laser prepared in the step one to generate a wide-band noise signal: step 2.1: generating narrow-band optical noise by combining a second light source and a narrow-band filter, wherein light emitted by the second light source is reflected by a first beam splitter to enter a quantum dot laser as a first light source;
step 2.2: the quantum dot micro-column laser outputs a broadband quantum noise light field under the disturbance of 5% -10% of narrow-band optical noise;
step 2.3: the broadband quantum noise light field passes through a first beam splitter and then passes through a second beam splitter to perform optical beam splitting, wherein the first light beam is reflected to enter a detector for performing real-time power monitoring on the output power of the quantum dot micro-column laser, and the second light beam is transmitted to enter a third beam splitter;
step three: one path of optical signal split by the third beam splitter passes through the fourth beam splitter, is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector and then is output to an oscilloscope and a frequency spectrometer for macroscopic measurement of broadband noise signals;
step four: and the other path of optical signal split by the third beam splitter enters the optical attenuator after passing through a plurality of reflectors, and the light beam after passing through the optical attenuator enters the fifth beam splitter and is split into two beams of light which are output to a Henbury-Brownian and Tevis interference measurement device for microscopic measurement of broadband noise signals.
The method for preparing the quantum dot micro-column laser in the first step comprises the following specific steps:
step 1.1: forming a thick gallium arsenide cavity layer by utilizing upper and lower distributed Bragg reflectors, wherein the upper Bragg reflector consists of an aluminum arsenide/gallium arsenide mirror pair with the logarithm of 25-45, and the lower Bragg reflector consists of an aluminum arsenide/gallium arsenide mirror pair with the logarithm of 20-40;
step 1.2: doping a layer of quantum dots with the area density of nine powers of ten per square centimeter magnitude at the center of the gallium arsenide cavity layer as a gain medium;
step 1.3: preparing a cylindrical structure with the diameter of 7-15 mu m by adopting a high-resolution electron beam lithography and a plasma etching method;
step 1.4: the prepared microcolumn sample is placed in a continuous-flow cryostat with the set temperature of 22.00K-30K and the temperature control precision of 0.01K, and the electric excitation is provided by a precise direct-current voltage source.
The step 2.1 of generating the narrow-band optical noise by combining the second light source with the filter is to generate a narrow-band spontaneous emission noise signal by adding an adjustable narrow-band filter to the super-radiation light-emitting diode.
The splitting ratio of the first splitter is 5: 95-50: 50, the splitting ratio of the second beam splitter is 5: 95-10: 90, respectively;
the proportion of the first light beam entering the detector in the step 2.3 is 5% -10% of the light split by the second beam splitter, and the proportion of the second light beam transmitted in the step 2.3 is 90% -95% of the light split by the second beam splitter.
The macro measurement of the broadband noise signal in the third step comprises the following specific steps:
the light transmitted by the second beam splitter passes through a beam splitting ratio of 5: 95-10: and the rear part of the third beam splitter of 90 is divided into two beams, wherein one path of optical signal which is transmitted by 90-95% is fixed as 50: and the fourth beam splitter of 50 is then split into two beams, one beam passes through the first photodetector to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then is transmitted to the oscilloscope to observe the time sequence waveform, and the other beam passes through the second photodetector to be transmitted to the spectrometer to observe the frequency spectrum of the signal.
The four steps of the microscopic measurement of the broadband noise signal comprise the following specific steps:
after 5% -10% of light reflected by the third beam splitter is reflected by the first reflector, the second reflector and the third reflector respectively, the light power entering the single photon detection module is controlled by the optical attenuator, and then the light passing through the optical attenuator is fixed to be 50 through the beam splitting ratio: a fifth beam splitter of 50 is divided into two beams, and the two beams respectively enter a first single-photon counting module and a second single-photon counting module of the Haneburg-Blang and Tevis interference measuring device to realize precise measurement of a second-order autocorrelation function of photons;
the Henbury-Brown and Tevis interference measuring device is formed by combining a first single-photon counting module and a second single-photon counting module which are coupled by two optical fibers and based on silicon with time-related electronics.
A device for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-column laser comprises a first light source and a second light source, wherein a narrowband optical noise light field generated by combining the second light source with a narrowband filter is reflected by a first beam splitter to enter the first light source, and the first light source outputs a broadband quantum noise light field under the disturbance of the narrowband optical noise light field;
the broadband quantum noise light field is subjected to optical beam splitting through a second beam splitter, wherein one part of light is reflected to enter a detector, and the other part of light is transmitted;
the light transmitted by the second beam splitter is subjected to optical beam splitting through a third beam splitter, wherein optical beam splitting is performed on the light signal transmitted by the third beam splitter through a fourth beam splitter, and the light signal reflected by the third beam splitter enters the optical attenuator after passing through a plurality of reflectors;
one part of light beams split by the fourth beam splitter is transmitted to an oscilloscope to observe time sequence waveforms after passing through a first photoelectric detector, and the other part of light beams are transmitted to a frequency spectrum of an observation signal on a frequency spectrograph after passing through a second photoelectric detector;
light output by the optical attenuator is subjected to optical beam splitting through a fifth beam splitter and then respectively enters a first single photon counting module and a second single photon counting module of the Henburg-Brown and Tevis interference measuring device to realize precise measurement of a second-order autocorrelation function of photons.
The first light source specifically adopts a quantum dot micro-column laser with the central wavelength of 1550 nm;
the second light source is specifically a superluminescent light emitting diode with 193THZ spectrum;
the splitting ratio of the first splitter is 5: 95-50: 50, the beam splitting ratio of the second beam splitter to the third beam splitter is 5: 95-10: 90, the beam splitting ratio of the fourth beam splitter to the fifth beam splitter is 50: 50.
the optical signal reflected by the third beam splitter sequentially passes through the first reflector, the second reflector and the third reflector and then enters the optical attenuator;
the Henbury-Brown and Tevis interference measuring device is formed by combining a first single-photon counting module and a second single-photon counting module which are coupled by two optical fibers and based on silicon with time-related electronics.
The detector specifically adopts a photodiode;
the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter, the third beam splitter, the fourth beam splitter and the fifth beam splitter specifically adopt polarization beam splitters with the wavelength range of 620-1600 nm;
the optical attenuator specifically adopts an optical attenuator with the central wavelength of 1550 nm;
the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector specifically adopt photoelectric detectors with the bandwidth of 50-80 GHZ;
the oscillograph specifically adopts a digital oscilloscope with the bandwidth of 10-40 GHZ;
the frequency spectrograph specifically adopts a frequency spectrograph with the bandwidth of 10-40 GHZ.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a scheme for generating a broadband noise signal by injecting externally generated narrow-band optical noise into a quantum dot micro-column laser, and compared with the conventional scheme for generating a chaotic signal by applying external light feedback to a semiconductor laser, the noise signal generated by the invention has the characteristics of higher bandwidth and no external cavity delay period on the autocorrelation characteristic;
(2) the quantum dot micro-column laser used in the scheme has the size of only a few microns, and is very suitable for miniaturized integrated packaging.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a time series waveform of a signal acquired by an oscilloscope according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an autocorrelation function corresponding to a signal time series waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second-order autocorrelation of photons with delay time measured by Hanbery-Brown and Tevis interferometry devices of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a first light source 1, a first beam splitter 2, a second light source 3, a second beam splitter 4, a detector 5, a third beam splitter 6, a first reflector 7, a second reflector 8, a third reflector 9, an optical attenuator 10, a fifth beam splitter 11, a first single-photon counting module 12, a fourth beam splitter 13, a first photoelectric detector 14, a second photoelectric detector 15, a second single-photon counting module 16, an oscilloscope 17 and a spectrometer 18.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the method for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-column laser of the present invention mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a quantum dot micro-column laser as a first light source 1;
step two: injecting external narrow-band optical noise into the quantum dot laser prepared in the step one to generate a wide-band noise signal: step 2.1: narrow-band optical noise is generated by combining a second light source 3 and a narrow-band filter, and light emitted by the second light source 3 is reflected by a first beam splitter 2 and enters a quantum dot laser serving as a first light source 1;
step 2.2: the quantum dot micro-column laser outputs a broadband quantum noise light field under the disturbance of 5% -10% of narrow-band optical noise;
step 2.3: the broadband quantum noise light field passes through a first beam splitter 2 and then passes through a second beam splitter 4 to perform optical beam splitting, wherein a first light beam is reflected to enter a detector 5 for performing real-time power monitoring on the output power of the quantum dot micro-column laser, and a second light beam is transmitted to enter a third beam splitter 6;
step three: one path of optical signal split by the third beam splitter 6 passes through the fourth beam splitter 13, is converted into an electrical signal by a photoelectric detector, and is output to an oscilloscope 17 and a spectrum analyzer 18 for macroscopic measurement of broadband noise signals;
step four: the other path of optical signal after being split by the third beam splitter 6 enters the optical attenuator 10 after passing through a plurality of reflectors, and the light beam after passing through the optical attenuator 10 enters the fifth beam splitter 11 and is split into two beams of light which are output to a Henbury-Brown and Tevis interference measurement device for microscopic measurement of broadband noise signals.
The method for preparing the quantum dot micro-column laser in the first step comprises the following specific steps:
step 1.1: forming a thick gallium arsenide cavity layer by utilizing upper and lower distributed Bragg reflectors, wherein the upper Bragg reflector consists of an aluminum arsenide/gallium arsenide mirror pair with the logarithm of 25-45, and the lower Bragg reflector consists of an aluminum arsenide/gallium arsenide mirror pair with the logarithm of 20-40;
step 1.2: doping a layer of quantum dots with the area density of nine powers of ten per square centimeter magnitude at the center of the gallium arsenide cavity layer as a gain medium;
step 1.3: preparing a cylindrical structure with the diameter of 7-15 mu m by adopting a high-resolution electron beam lithography and a plasma etching method;
step 1.4: the prepared microcolumn sample is placed in a continuous-flow cryostat with the set temperature of 22.00K-30K and the temperature control precision of 0.01K, and the electric excitation is provided by a precise direct-current voltage source.
The step 2.1 of generating the narrow-band optical noise by combining the second light source 3 with the filter is to generate a narrow-band spontaneous emission noise signal by adding an adjustable narrow-band filter to the super-radiation light-emitting diode.
The splitting ratio of the first beam splitter 2 is 5: 95-50: 50, the splitting ratio of the second beam splitter 4 is 5: 95-10: 90, respectively;
the proportion of the first light beam entering the detector 5 in the step 2.3 is 5% -10% of the light split by the second beam splitter 4, and the proportion of the second light beam transmitted in the step 2.3 is 90% -95% of the light split by the second beam splitter 4.
The macro measurement of the broadband noise signal in the third step comprises the following specific steps:
the light transmitted by the second beam splitter 4 passes through a beam splitting ratio of 5: 95-10: the third beam splitter 6 of 90 splits into two beams, wherein one path of optical signal which is 90% -95% transmitted is fixed as 50: the fourth beam splitter 13 of 50 then splits into two beams, one beam passes through the first photodetector 14 to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then transmits the electrical signal to the oscilloscope 17 to observe the time sequence waveform, and the other beam passes through the second photodetector 15 to transmit the electrical signal to the spectrometer 18 to observe the frequency spectrum of the signal.
The four steps of the microscopic measurement of the broadband noise signal comprise the following specific steps:
after 5% -10% of light reflected by the third beam splitter 6 is reflected by a first reflecting mirror 7, a second reflecting mirror 8 and a third reflecting mirror 9 respectively, the light power entering the single photon detection module is controlled by an optical attenuator 10, and then the light passing through the optical attenuator 10 is fixed to be 50 through a beam splitting ratio: a fifth beam splitter 11 of the measuring device 50 is divided into two beams, and the two beams enter a first single-photon counting module 12 and a second single-photon counting module 16 of the Haneburg-Blang and Tevis interference measuring device respectively to realize precise measurement of a second-order autocorrelation function of photons;
the Henbury-Brown and Tevis interferometry device is formed by combining a first single-photon counting module 12 and a second single-photon counting module 16 which are coupled by two optical fibers and are based on silicon, and time-related electronics.
A device for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-column laser comprises a first light source 1 and a second light source 3, wherein a narrowband optical noise light field generated by combining the second light source 3 with a narrowband filter is reflected by a first beam splitter 2 to enter the first light source 1, and the first light source 1 outputs a broadband quantum noise light field under the disturbance of the narrowband optical noise light field;
the broadband quantum noise light field is subjected to optical beam splitting through a second beam splitter 4, wherein one part of light is reflected to enter a detector 5, and the other part of light is transmitted;
after the light transmitted by the second beam splitter 4 is optically split by the third beam splitter 6, the optical signal transmitted by the third beam splitter 6 is optically split by the fourth beam splitter 13, and the optical signal reflected by the third beam splitter 6 enters the optical attenuator 10 after passing through a plurality of reflectors;
one part of the light beams split by the fourth beam splitter 13 is transmitted to an oscilloscope 17 through a first photoelectric detector 14 to observe time sequence waveforms, and the other part of the light beams is transmitted to a frequency spectrum analyzer 18 through a second photoelectric detector 15 to observe the frequency spectrum of signals;
the light output by the optical attenuator 10 is optically split by a fifth beam splitter 11 and then respectively enters a first single photon counting module 12 and a second single photon counting module 16 of the Henburg-Brown and Tevis interference measurement device to realize the precise measurement of the second-order autocorrelation function of the photons.
The first light source 1 specifically adopts a quantum dot micro-column laser with the central wavelength of 1550 nm;
the second light source 3 is in particular a superluminescent light emitting diode with a 193THZ spectrum;
the splitting ratio of the first beam splitter 2 is 5: 95-50: 50, the beam splitting ratio of the second beam splitter 4 to the third beam splitter 6 is 5: 95-10: 90, the beam splitting ratio of the fourth beam splitter 13 to the fifth beam splitter 11 is 50: 50.
the optical signal reflected by the third beam splitter 6 sequentially passes through the first reflector 7, the second reflector 8 and the third reflector 9 and then enters the optical attenuator 10;
the Henbury-Brown and Tevis interferometry device is formed by combining a first single-photon counting module 12 and a second single-photon counting module 16 which are coupled by two optical fibers and based on silicon with time-related electronics.
The detector 5 specifically adopts a photodiode;
the first beam splitter 2, the second beam splitter 4, the third beam splitter 6, the fourth beam splitter 13 and the fifth beam splitter 11 specifically adopt polarization beam splitters with wavelength ranges of 620 and 1600 nm;
the optical attenuator 10 specifically adopts an optical attenuator with a central wavelength of 1550 nm;
the first photoelectric detector 14 and the second photoelectric detector 15 specifically adopt photoelectric detectors with the bandwidth of 50-80 GHZ;
the oscilloscope 17 is a digital oscilloscope with the bandwidth of 10-40 GHZ;
the frequency spectrograph 18 is a frequency spectrograph with a bandwidth of 10-40 GHZ.
The invention aims to construct an integrated device and a method for generating a broadband noise source, in particular to a method for generating a broadband noise signal by injecting a narrow-band noise signal into a quantum dot laser. The noise signal generated by the invention has the characteristics of high bandwidth, quantum randomness, integratability and no external cavity delay period. The specific scheme mainly comprises the following steps: the quantum dot laser is disturbed by narrow-band spontaneous radiation noise signals generated by the super-radiation light emitting diode, light signals output by the quantum dot laser are split by the beam splitter, one path of light signals are converted into electric signals by the photoelectric detector and then output to the oscilloscope and the frequency spectrometer for macroscopic observation, and the other path of light signals are output to the Hanbury-Brown and Tevis interference measurement device for microscopic photon statistical measurement. Compared with the chaotic signal with the external cavity period generated by the conventional optical feedback mode, the broadband noise signal generated by the invention has the characteristics of high bandwidth and no external cavity period, is very suitable for the development of the miniaturization and integration direction in the future, is a quantum noise signal, has the characteristic of unpredictable quantum randomness, and greatly improves the safety in the aspect of quantum secret communication.
Example (b):
the invention relates to a method for injecting a narrow-band noise signal into a quantum dot laser to generate a wide-band noise signal, which mainly comprises the following steps:
manufacturing a quantum dot micro-column laser: firstly, a thick gallium arsenide cavity layer is formed by utilizing Bragg reflectors distributed up and down, wherein the Bragg reflector on the upper layer consists of an aluminum arsenide/gallium arsenide mirror pair with the logarithm of 25-45, and the Bragg reflector on the lower layer consists of an aluminum arsenide/gallium arsenide mirror pair with the logarithm of 20-40. And doping a layer of quantum dots with the area density of nine powers per square centimeter of ten in the center of the cavity layer to serve as a gain medium. High-resolution electron beam lithography and plasma etching are used to prepare cylindrical structures with diameters of 7-15 μm. The prepared microcolumn sample is placed in a continuous flow cryostat with a temperature setting of T =22.00-30K and a temperature control precision of 0.01K, and the electric excitation is provided by a precise direct current voltage source.
(II) injecting external narrow-band optical noise into the quantum dot laser to generate a wide-band noise signal: first, a super luminescent diode as a second power supply 3 generates a narrow band optical noise, and light emitted from the super luminescent diode is split into 20: 80, the quantum dot laser serving as the first light source 1 is reflected by the first beam splitter 2, and outputs a broadband quantum noise light field under the disturbance of narrow-band optical noise with the proportion of 5% -10%. The generated quantum light field is split by the first beam splitter 2, and then is split by a splitting ratio of 7: the second beam splitter 4 of 93 optically splits the beam, 7% of the light is reflected to enter the detector 5, the real-time power monitoring is performed on the output power of the micro-column laser, and the other beam of 93% of the light is transmitted.
(III) macroscopic measurement of broadband noise signals: the light transmitted by the second beam splitter 4 is then split by a splitting ratio of 5: the 95 third beam splitter 6 is divided into two beams, wherein one path of optical signal with 95% transmission is fixed to be 50: the fourth beam splitter 13 of 50 then splits into two beams, one beam passes through the first photodetector 14 to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then transmits the electrical signal to the oscilloscope 17 to observe the time sequence waveform. The other beam passes through a second photodetector 15 before being transmitted to a spectrometer 18 where the spectrum of the signal is observed.
(IV) microscopic measurement of broadband noise signals: after 5% of light reflected by the third beam splitter 6 is reflected by three first reflecting mirrors 7, a second reflecting mirror 8 and a third reflecting mirror 9 respectively, the light power entering the single photon detection module is controlled by an optical attenuator 10 arranged in front of the beam splitter, and then the light is fixed to be 50 through a beam splitting ratio: the fifth beam splitter 11 of 50 is then split into two beams, which are transmitted to a first silicon-based Single Photon Counting Module (SPCMS) and a second Single Photon Counting Module (SPCMS) coupled by two optical fibers, and a hanbery-brownian and tesian interferometry device formed by combining time-dependent electronics to precisely measure the second-order autocorrelation function of photons.
The structure of the device of the present invention is schematically shown in fig. 1, in which the solid line is an optical connection line and the dotted line is an electrical connection line. Narrow-band optical noise generated from the outside is injected into the quantum dot micro-column laser to generate a wide-band noise signal, and the wide-band noise signal enters the oscilloscope 17 and the frequency spectrometer 18 respectively after passing through the beam splitter and the photoelectric detector to perform signal macroscopic data measurement.
The detector 5 of the embodiment of the invention specifically adopts an FDG03 type germanium photodiode; the first beam splitter 2, the second beam splitter 4, the third beam splitter 6, the fourth beam splitter 13 and the fifth beam splitter 11 specifically adopt FBT-PBS054 type polarization beam splitters with the wavelength range of 620-1600 nm; the optical attenuator 10 specifically adopts a V1550A type optical attenuator with the central wavelength of 1550 nm; the first photodetector 14 and the second photodetector 15 are DXM30AF/U2T-XPDV3120R type photodetectors with bandwidth of 70 GHZ; the oscilloscope 17 specifically adopts a TDS 3052B/PicoScope 9300 type digital oscilloscope with the bandwidth of 20 GHZ; the spectrometer 18 is specifically an N9010A type spectrometer with a bandwidth of 26.5 GHZ.
It should be noted that, regarding the specific structure of the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules adopted in the present invention is determined and can be realized, except for the specific description in the embodiment, the specific connection relationship can bring the corresponding technical effect, and the technical problem proposed by the present invention is solved on the premise of not depending on the execution of the corresponding software program.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-column laser is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a quantum dot micro-column laser as a first light source (1);
step two: injecting external narrow-band optical noise into the quantum dot laser prepared in the step one to generate a wide-band noise signal: step 2.1: narrow-band optical noise is generated by combining a second light source (3) and a narrow-band filter, and light emitted by the second light source (3) is reflected by a first beam splitter (2) to enter a quantum dot laser as a first light source (1);
step 2.2: the quantum dot micro-column laser outputs a broadband quantum noise light field under the disturbance of 5% -10% of narrow-band optical noise;
step 2.3: the broadband quantum noise light field passes through a first beam splitter (2), then passes through a second beam splitter (4) for optical beam splitting, wherein a first light beam is reflected to enter a detector (5) for real-time power monitoring of the output power of the quantum dot micro-column laser, and a second light beam is transmitted to enter a third beam splitter (6);
step three: one path of optical signal after being split by the third beam splitter (6) is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector after passing through the fourth beam splitter (13) and then is output to an oscilloscope (17) and a frequency spectrometer (18) for macroscopic measurement of broadband noise signals;
step four: the other path of optical signal after being split by the third beam splitter (6) enters an optical attenuator (10) after passing through a plurality of reflectors, and the light beam after passing through the optical attenuator (10) enters a fifth beam splitter (11) and then is split into two beams of light which are output to a Henburg-Brown and Tevis interference measurement device for microscopic measurement of broadband noise signals.
2. The method of claim 1 for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-column laser, wherein: the method for preparing the quantum dot micro-column laser in the first step comprises the following specific steps:
step 1.1: forming a thick gallium arsenide cavity layer by utilizing upper and lower distributed Bragg reflectors, wherein the upper Bragg reflector consists of an aluminum arsenide/gallium arsenide mirror pair with the logarithm of 25-45, and the lower Bragg reflector consists of an aluminum arsenide/gallium arsenide mirror pair with the logarithm of 20-40;
step 1.2: doping a layer of quantum dots with the area density of nine powers of ten per square centimeter magnitude at the center of the gallium arsenide cavity layer as a gain medium;
step 1.3: preparing a cylindrical structure with the diameter of 7-15 mu m by adopting a high-resolution electron beam lithography and a plasma etching method;
step 1.4: the prepared microcolumn sample is placed in a continuous-flow cryostat with the set temperature of 22.00K-30K and the temperature control precision of 0.01K, and the electric excitation is provided by a precise direct-current voltage source.
3. The method of claim 2 for generating a broadband noise source based on a quantum dot micro-column laser, wherein: the narrow-band optical noise generated by combining the second light source (3) and the filter in the step 2.1 is specifically a narrow-band spontaneous emission noise signal generated by a super-radiation light-emitting diode and an adjustable narrow-band filter.
4. The method of claim 3 for generating a broadband noise source based on quantum dot micro-column laser, wherein: the beam splitting ratio of the first beam splitter (2) is 5: 95-50: 50, the splitting ratio of the second beam splitter (4) is 5: 95-10: 90, respectively;
the proportion of the first light beam entering the detector (5) in the step 2.3 is 5% -10% of the light split by the second beam splitter (4), and the proportion of the second light beam transmitted in the step 2.3 is 90% -95% of the light split by the second beam splitter (4).
5. The method of claim 4 for generating a broadband noise source based on quantum dot micro-column laser, wherein: the macro measurement of the broadband noise signal in the third step comprises the following specific steps:
the light transmitted by the second beam splitter (4) passes through a beam splitting ratio of 5: 95-10: and the rear part of the third beam splitter (6) of the optical fiber laser is divided into two beams, wherein one path of optical signal which is 90-95% transmitted is fixed as 50: a fourth beam splitter (13) of the spectrometer 50 is then split into two beams, one beam passes through a first photoelectric detector (14) to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal, and then is transmitted to an oscilloscope (17) to observe a time sequence waveform, and the other beam passes through a second photoelectric detector (15) and then is transmitted to a frequency spectrograph (18) to observe the frequency spectrum of the signal.
6. The method of claim 5 for generating a broadband noise source based on quantum dot micro-column laser, wherein: the four steps of the microscopic measurement of the broadband noise signal comprise the following specific steps:
after 5% -10% of light reflected by the third beam splitter (6) is reflected by a first reflecting mirror (7), a second reflecting mirror (8) and a third reflecting mirror (9), the light power entering a single photon detection module is controlled by an optical attenuator (10), and then the light passing through the optical attenuator (10) is fixed as 50 through the beam splitting ratio: a fifth beam splitter (11) of the measuring device 50 is divided into two beams, and the two beams respectively enter a first single-photon counting module (12) and a second single-photon counting module (16) of the Henburg-Brown and Tevis interference measuring device to realize precise measurement of a second-order autocorrelation function of photons;
the Henbury-Brown and Tevis interferometry device is formed by combining a first single-photon counting module (12) and a second single-photon counting module (16) which are coupled by two optical fibers and based on silicon and time-related electronics.
7. A device for generating broadband noise source based on quantum dot micro-column laser is characterized in that: the broadband quantum noise optical fiber sensing device comprises a first light source (1) and a second light source (3), wherein a narrowband optical noise light field generated by combining the second light source (3) and a narrowband filter is reflected by a first beam splitter (2) to enter the first light source (1), and the first light source (1) outputs a broadband quantum noise light field under the disturbance of the narrowband optical noise light field;
the broadband quantum noise light field is subjected to optical beam splitting through a second beam splitter (4), wherein one part of light is reflected to enter a detector (5), and the other part of light is transmitted;
after the light transmitted by the second beam splitter (4) is subjected to optical beam splitting through the third beam splitter (6), the light signal transmitted by the third beam splitter (6) is subjected to optical beam splitting through the fourth beam splitter (13), and the light signal reflected by the third beam splitter (6) enters the optical attenuator (10) after passing through a plurality of reflectors;
one part of light beams split by the fourth beam splitter (13) is transmitted to an oscilloscope (17) to observe time sequence waveforms after passing through a first photoelectric detector (14), and the other part of light beams are transmitted to a frequency spectrograph (18) to observe the frequency spectrum of signals after passing through a second photoelectric detector (15);
light output by the optical attenuator (10) is subjected to optical beam splitting through a fifth beam splitter (11) and then respectively enters a first single photon counting module (12) and a second single photon counting module (16) of the Henburg-Brown and Tevis interference measurement device to realize precise measurement of a second-order autocorrelation function of photons.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the quantum dot micro-column laser generates broadband noise source, and comprises: the first light source (1) specifically adopts a quantum dot micro-column laser with the central wavelength of 1550 nm;
the second light source (3) is in particular a superluminescent light emitting diode with a 193THZ spectrum;
the beam splitting ratio of the first beam splitter (2) is 5: 95-50: 50, the beam splitting ratio of the second beam splitter (4) to the third beam splitter (6) is 5: 95-10: 90, the beam splitting ratio of the fourth beam splitter (13) to the fifth beam splitter (11) is 50: 50.
9. the device of claim 8, wherein the quantum dot micro-column laser generates broadband noise source, and the device comprises: the optical signals reflected by the third beam splitter (6) sequentially pass through a first reflector (7), a second reflector (8) and a third reflector (9) and then enter an optical attenuator (10);
the Henbury-Brown and Tevis interference measurement device is formed by combining a first single photon counting module (12) and a second single photon counting module (16) which are coupled by two optical fibers and based on silicon with time-related electronics.
10. The device for generating a broadband noise source based on the quantum dot micro-column laser as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the detector (5) specifically adopts a photodiode;
the first beam splitter (2), the second beam splitter (4), the third beam splitter (6), the fourth beam splitter (13) and the fifth beam splitter (11) specifically adopt polarization beam splitters with the wavelength ranges of 620 and 1600 nm;
the optical attenuator (10) specifically adopts an optical attenuator with the central wavelength of 1550 nm;
the first photoelectric detector (14) and the second photoelectric detector (15) are specifically photoelectric detectors with the bandwidth of 50-80 GHZ;
the oscilloscope (17) is a digital oscilloscope with the bandwidth of 10-40 GHZ;
the frequency spectrograph (18) is a frequency spectrograph with the bandwidth of 10-40 GHZ.
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