CN112485899B - Method for setting compact structured light path - Google Patents
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- CN112485899B CN112485899B CN202011411954.3A CN202011411954A CN112485899B CN 112485899 B CN112485899 B CN 112485899B CN 202011411954 A CN202011411954 A CN 202011411954A CN 112485899 B CN112485899 B CN 112485899B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for setting a compact structured light path, which relates to the field of three-dimensional imaging and comprises the following steps: placing the first lens group and the second lens group in parallel; a light barrier is arranged between the first lens group and the second lens group, and a light through hole is formed in the middle of the light barrier; arranging a light source on one side of the second lens group far away from the light barrier; arranging a photosensitive element at one side of the light through hole close to the light source; and a third lens group is arranged between the light through hole and the photosensitive element. The invention develops a more compact structure light path, and completely separates a light path device from a measurement target object, so that the structure light path can be independently used as a device, simultaneously, the gratings in the structure light path are simply, conveniently and rapidly replaced in sequence, and the time interval from the replacement of the gratings to the imaging is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of three-dimensional imaging, in particular to a method for setting a compact structured light path.
Background
Microscopes are commonly used in the field of observation of microscopic objects, such as microorganisms, micro-particles, and the like. These microscopic objects are generally not suitable for observation under wide field conditions. Conventional kohler illumination techniques, which are widely used in optical microscopy, are therefore limited in micro-scale profilometry. To improve the resolution of wide-field microscopes, structured light illumination techniques were proposed in 2005 and have been widely studied and applied in recent years.
Structured light illumination is an illumination mode by changing the spatial structure of illumination light, and the illumination mode is usually a carrier frequency stripe, and can be applied to measurement of angles, lengths, vibration and the like and widely applied to three-dimensional imaging. The principle of realizing super resolution of the structured light illumination microscope is that a part of information outside an optical transfer function range is transferred to the range in the imaging process by using illumination light of a specific structure, and high-frequency information in the range is moved to an original position by using a specific algorithm, so that the frequency domain information of a sample passing through a microscope system is expanded, and the resolution of a reconstructed image exceeds the limit of a diffraction limit.
To achieve structured light illumination, a spatial light modulator, such as a grating, digital micromirror array, or the like, is typically inserted into the illumination light path. The unmodulated illumination light is modulated by the spatial light modulator and then projected on the sample through the objective lens, so that the illumination of the modulated light is received at the focal plane of the sample and is not influenced when the illumination light is far away from the focal plane. The light information generated by the final modulated light is received by the photosensitive element through the imaging system, and then the spatial domain and the frequency domain are changed through Fourier transform, so that an image is obtained.
Because structured light illumination needs to be emitted by a common light source, the light passes through a structured light grating and then irradiates on a measurement target object, and then a photosensitive element, such as a CCD (charge coupled device), is adopted to receive the structured light reflected by the measurement target object, so that image processing of three-dimensional imaging is carried out subsequently. In the prior art, the optical device and the measurement target object are arranged in a mixed manner, that is, the measurement target object is arranged in the middle of the optical device, so that the measurement target object cannot be separated from the structured light path, and the structured light path is not favorable for forming independent equipment.
In some applications, different structured lights are irradiated on the same measurement target object and imaging is performed multiple times. This requires replacement of the spatial modulator in the structured light path. In the prior art, taking a grating as an example, the grating is replaced in a structured light path, and imaging is performed after the grating is replaced each time, so that the steps are complicated, and the time is long. Especially, under the application that structured light imaging needs to be carried out for multiple times in sequence, the manual replacement of the grating consumes long time and is easy to make mistakes. And the replaced grating also needs to be stored in sequence for the next use, which is very inconvenient, and the grating is easy to damage due to frequent replacement. The photosensitive element needs to be imaged after the grating is replaced every time, and the time interval from the completion of the replacement of the grating to the imaging is long, so that time is wasted.
Therefore, those skilled in the art have made efforts to develop a more compact structured light path and completely separate the light path device from the object to be measured, so that the structured light path can be used as a single device, and simultaneously, the gratings in the structured light path can be replaced easily and rapidly in sequence, and the time interval from the replacement of the gratings to the imaging can be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a compact structured light path, which is characterized by comprising a photosensitive element, a light source, a light barrier, a first lens group, a second lens group, and a third lens group, wherein the light barrier is disposed between the first lens group and the second lens group, the light source is disposed on the side of the second lens group away from the light barrier, a light hole is disposed in the middle of the light barrier, the photosensitive element is disposed on the side of the light hole close to the light source, and the third lens group is disposed between the light hole and the photosensitive element.
Furthermore, a rectangular window is formed in the light barrier.
Further, the light through hole is circular.
Further, the light barrier is arranged to be a turntable type which can be rotated around the central shaft by the rotating device.
Further, the number of the rectangular windows may be set according to a specific length of the structured light sequence.
Further, the number of the rectangular windows is even.
Furthermore, the rectangular windows are symmetrically and equidistantly arranged on the light barrier, and the distances from the rectangular windows to the circle center are equal.
Furthermore, a grating is arranged on the rectangular window.
Further, the order of the gratings arranged in the rectangular window is set according to a specific order of the structured light sequence.
Further, the rectangular window is provided with plane glass.
The invention also provides a method for setting the compact structured light path, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, placing a first lens group and a second lens group in parallel;
step 2, arranging a light barrier between the first lens group and the second lens group, wherein a light through hole is formed in the middle of the light barrier;
step 3, arranging a light source on one side, far away from the light barrier, of the second lens group;
step 4, arranging a photosensitive element at one side of the light through hole close to the light source;
and 5, placing a third lens group between the light through hole and the photosensitive element.
Further, step 2 further includes that a rectangular window is arranged on the light barrier.
Further, the light through hole is circular.
Further, the light barrier is arranged to be a turntable type which can be rotated around the central shaft by the rotating device.
Further, the step 2 further includes setting the number of the rectangular windows according to the specific length of the structured light sequence.
Further, the step 2 further includes setting the number of the rectangular windows to be an even number.
Furthermore, the rectangular windows in step 2 are symmetrically and equidistantly arranged on the light barrier, and the distances from the rectangular windows to the circle center are equal.
Further, step 2 further includes disposing a grating on the rectangular window.
Further, the order of the gratings arranged in the rectangular window is set according to a specific order of the structured light sequence.
Further, step 2 further comprises arranging a plane glass on the rectangular window.
The application has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the application discloses structured light path sets up, can make the light path compacter to separate light path device and measurement target object completely, make structured light path can become an equipment alone.
2. The gratings in the structured light path can be replaced simply, conveniently and rapidly in sequence, and the replacement interval of the gratings is determined by the rotating speed of the turntable and the number of the rectangular windows.
3. The time interval from the grating replacement to the imaging is reduced by adopting the position sensor and the control circuit, and the shooting imaging can be completed within millisecond time, so that the whole time for forming the structured light sequence is greatly reduced.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compact structured light path according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light barrier in a compact structured light path according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be made clear and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present application provides a compact structured light path. Including a light source and a light barrier. Rectangular windows are formed in the light barrier and used for installing the gratings. The light emitted by the light source irradiates the measuring target through a second lens group arranged between the light source and the light barrier, a rectangular window arranged on the light barrier and a first lens group arranged between the light barrier and the measuring target. As long as the grating is installed in the rectangular window, light irradiated onto the measurement target is spatially modulated into structured light. The first lens group and the second lens group can be used for adjusting the emergent and incident angles of light rays so as to adjust the illumination effect. The middle position of the light barrier is provided with a light through hole, and the photosensitive element is arranged behind the light through hole. The light reflected from the measurement target passes through the light-passing hole and reaches the photosensitive element. And a third lens group is arranged between the light through hole and the photosensitive element and used for adjusting the angle of light reflected from the measurement target. In this embodiment, the light source and the photosensitive element are disposed on the same side of the light barrier. That is, one side of the light barrier is entirely a structured light path device, and the other side of the light barrier is a measurement target, so that the measurement target is completely independent of the structured light path. The structure of the structured light path is very compact, and the structured light path can be formed into independent equipment.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the light barrier is preferably configured as a turntable, and a circular light hole is formed in the center of the turntable. The circumference of the rotating disk is symmetrically provided with 8 rectangular windows at equal intervals. The 8 rectangular windows are equidistant from the center of the turntable. The light source is arranged behind the disc, and the distance from the light source to the center of the rotary disc is equal to the distance from the 8 rectangular windows to the center of the rotary disc. The turntable is sleeved on a rotating mechanism and is driven by the rotating mechanism to rotate. In the process of rotating the turntable, when one rectangular window rotates to a position corresponding to the light source, light emitted by the light source can be emitted through the rectangular window. And at the same time, the light emitted by the light source can only be emitted through one rectangular window.
In the present embodiment, 8 windows are provided with gratings 1-8 having projection patterns 1-8, respectively. When the turntable rotates towards a certain direction, the gratings 1-8 pass through the positions corresponding to the light sources in sequence. Light emitted by the light source forms a structured light sequence when the structured light is modulated by the gratings 1-8 and then is sequentially projected onto a measurement target. The order of the structured light sequence is determined by the order of the gratings arranged on the turntable, while being influenced by the direction of rotation of the turntable. In other embodiments, different structured light sequences may be set according to specific requirements of 3D imaging, and not only the number of rectangular windows on the turntable may be set according to the specific length of the structured light sequence. The order of the gratings arranged in the rectangular window may also be set according to the specific order of the structured light sequence, or the turning of the turntable may be adjusted. Meanwhile, in some rectangular windows, no grating or only plane glass may be arranged to play a role of not performing spatial light modulation. Therefore, by adopting the structured light path of the embodiment, the structured light sequence can be formed with extremely high efficiency through the rotation of the turntable, and the structured light sequence does not need to be realized through manually replacing the grating. And when the rotation period of the turntable is T and the set rectangular window is N, the time interval for replacing the grating is T/N. Even with the drive mechanism common in the prior art, replacement of the grating is easily accomplished within a time interval on the order of seconds. In addition, the used gratings do not need to be stored in sequence, so that the disassembling and assembling steps are saved, and the confusion is not easy.
For each exposure of the structured light, it is necessary to operate the photosensitive element to receive reflected light from the measurement target and record an image. Therefore, on the premise that the efficiency of replacing the grating is high, an imaging system with the same high efficiency is needed, and imaging is completed in the time interval of replacing two adjacent gratings.
In this embodiment, a position indication sheet is provided at the edge of the turntable. The position indication sheets are distributed on the circumference of the rotating disc at equal intervals, the total number of the position indication sheets is equal to the number of the rectangular windows on the rotating disc, and each position indication sheet is arranged at a position corresponding to the rectangular window. In the present embodiment, the number of rectangular windows is 8, and therefore 8 position indication sheets are provided accordingly.
In this embodiment, the photosensitive element is a CCD camera, and the CCD camera is connected to a control circuit, and the imaging time is controlled by the control circuit. And a position sensor is arranged at the edge of the turntable. Since the position indicating sheet is arranged on the circumference of the corresponding position of the rectangular window, when the position indicating sheet moves to the corresponding position of the position sensor, namely the position of the rectangular window aligned with the light source, the CCD is in the best time for shooting and imaging. When the position sensor identifies the position indication sheet, a signal can be given to the control circuit, and a shooting instruction is sent to the CCD camera through the control circuit. The response time of the position sensor can reach the order of milliseconds, and thus is sufficient to complete imaging before the next window is aligned with the CCD camera. The time for forming the sequence of structured light images is completely dependent on the rotational speed of the turntable. Even if a driving mechanism commonly used in the prior art is adopted, the shooting imaging of the whole structured light sequence can be completed within a few seconds, and the efficiency is greatly improved.
When a CCD camera takes many structured-light images, i.e. a long structured-light sequence is obtained, it is necessary to know which image is the earliest (i.e. the start of the sequence). Therefore, 1 of the 8 position indication pieces is set to be different from the other position indication pieces, and is taken as an initial position indication piece. For example, the initial position indicating piece is set to be three times as large as the position indicating piece. In other embodiments, the initial position indicator piece may be provided in other shapes, so long as the position sensor can identify the initial position indicator piece, so that the control circuit can determine the initial time of the structured light sequence.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concept. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method of providing a compact structured light path, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, placing a first lens group and a second lens group in parallel;
step 2, arranging a light barrier between the first lens group and the second lens group, wherein a light through hole is formed in the middle of the light barrier, the light barrier is arranged to be a turntable capable of rotating around a central shaft, and the light through hole is circular; a rectangular window is formed in the light barrier; arranging gratings on the rectangular window, wherein the sequence of the gratings arranged in the rectangular window is arranged according to the specific sequence of the structured light sequence; arranging position indication sheets at the edge of the turntable, wherein the total number of the position indication sheets is equal to the number of the rectangular windows on the turntable, and each position indication sheet is arranged at a position corresponding to the rectangular window; arranging a position sensor at the edge of the turntable;
step 3, arranging a light source on one side, far away from the light barrier, of the second lens group;
step 4, arranging a photosensitive element at one side of the light through hole close to the light source;
and 5, placing a third lens group between the light through hole and the photosensitive element.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein step 2 further comprises setting the number of rectangular windows according to a specific length of the structured light sequence.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said step 2 further comprises setting an even number of said rectangular windows.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular windows of step 2 are symmetrically and equally spaced on the light barrier, and the distances from the rectangular windows to the center of the circle are equal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein step 2 further comprises disposing a flat glass over the rectangular window.
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