CN112464136A - Method for predicting yield and development effect of offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well - Google Patents
Method for predicting yield and development effect of offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for predicting the yield and development effect of an offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well, which comprises the following steps: 1) establishing a small-layer dynamic injection-production communication degree evaluation flow suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field, and quantitatively evaluating the injection-production communication condition of the small layer of the thin interbed sandstone oil field; 2) quantitatively evaluating the severity of longitudinal heterogeneity among small layers of the thin interbed sandstone oil field; 3) establishing an interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field through multivariate nonlinear regression, and quantitatively predicting the change rule of the interlayer interference coefficient of the target well according to the interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula; 4) establishing a directional well multi-layer commingled production capacity formula suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field; 5) and (4) simulating the physical property of the reservoir of the peripheral production well, the longitudinal heterogeneous degree and the recoverable reserves, predicting the final recoverable reserves of the target well, and evaluating the development effect of the target well. The method can be used for evaluating the development effect of the new production well of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and gas exploitation, in particular to a method for predicting the production capacity and development effect of an offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well.
Background
The thin interbed sandstone oil field has wide distribution range and large reserve ratio, is a main component for replacing future yield in China, and from the aspect of economy, the oil field mostly adopts a large-section joint production development mode in the early development stage, but because the reservoir characteristics of the thin interbed oil field are different from those of the conventional multilayer sandstone oil field, the number of small layers in the same oil field is large, the effective thickness is thin, the sand body distribution range is small, the injection-production communication degree of each small layer is different, meanwhile, the longitudinal span is large, the difference of the physical properties and fluids of the small layers is large, and the factors aggravate the interlayer interference severity degree of the thin interbed oil field, so that the productivity and the development effect prediction difficulty of a new production well in the actual production process of the oil field are large, mainly the initial productivity is obviously lower than the expectation, the initial water content is obviously higher than the expectation, and the overall recovery ratio is far from the expectation. At present, no effective method for predicting the production capacity and development effect of the directional well of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field exists, so that the development scheme design and the later encryption adjustment strategy of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field are difficult to make, and the problem always troubles the production management of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for predicting the productivity and development effect of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well, which can quantitatively predict the productivity change rule of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well in different water-containing stages and can be used for evaluating the development effect of a new production well of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for predicting the yield and development effect of an offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well, which comprises the following steps:
1) aiming at the reservoir development characteristics and development characteristics of the thin interbed sandstone oil field, a dynamic and static data combination method is adopted, a small-layer dynamic injection-production communication degree evaluation flow suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field is established, and the injection-production communication condition of the small layer of the thin interbed sandstone oil field is quantitatively evaluated;
2) based on an interlayer interference action mechanism, comprehensively considering reservoir physical properties, fluid properties and injection-production connectivity, introducing flow capacity, flow capacity grade difference and reference flow capacity, and quantitatively evaluating the longitudinal heterogeneous severity degree between small layers of the thin interbed sandstone oil field;
3) counting the dynamic rules of a plurality of production wells of a typical oil field, analyzing and determining the correlation between the interference coefficient and the flow capacity level difference, the reference flow capacity and the water content based on the interference coefficient evaluation results of 50 typical wells on site, establishing an interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field through multivariate nonlinear regression, and quantitatively predicting the interlayer interference coefficient change rule of a target well according to the interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula;
4) simultaneously introducing an interference coefficient and flow capacity to correct a traditional directional well production capacity formula, and establishing a directional well multi-layer commingled production capacity formula suitable for a thin interbed sandstone oil field;
5) and (4) simulating the physical property of the reservoir of the peripheral production well, the longitudinal heterogeneous degree and the recoverable reserves, predicting the final recoverable reserves of the target well, and evaluating the development effect of the target well.
Preferably, in the step 1), firstly, the dynamic injection-production communication rate of each small layer is obtained through a formula (1), and then, the injection-production communication condition of the small layers of the thin interbed sandstone oil field is effectively evaluated through the dynamic injection-production communication rate of each small layer:
in the formula, TiThe dynamic injection-production communication rate of the ith small layer is zero dimension; hi communication withThe effective thickness of the ith small layer communicated with the water injection well; hi TotalIs the total effective thickness of the ith sublayer; i is the small layer number.
Preferably, in the step 2), the flow capacity of each small layer obtained by the formula (2) is as follows:
in the formula, FiThe flow capacity of the ith sublayer; kiEffective permeability of the ith sublayer; mu.siViscosity H of crude oil of i-th layeriThe thickness of the oil layer of the ith sublayer.
Preferably, in the step 2), the flow capacity difference and the reference flow capacity of each small layer are respectively obtained through formulas (3) and (4):
B＝Fmin (4)
in the formula, R is the flow capacity grade difference; fmaxIs the maximum flow capacity;
is the average flow capacity; b is the base flow capacity; fminIs the minimum flow capacity.
Preferably, in the step 3), the interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field is as follows:
in the formula, alpha is an interference coefficient and has no dimension; kappa, lambda, gamma and omega are model parameters; j is 1. f. ofwIs the total water content of the whole well section.
Preferably, in the step 4), the directional well multi-layer commingled production capacity formula suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field is as follows:
in the formula: q is the commingled production; should define KroiThe relative permeability of the oil phase of the ith small layer under a certain water content; fiIs ith smallThe flow ability of the layer; p is a radical ofeIs the supply pressure; p is a radical ofwfIs bottom hole flowing pressure; b isoiThe volume coefficient of the crude oil of the ith layer is zero dimension; r isweIs the effective wellbore radius; revIs the feed radius; s is an epidermal coefficient and has no dimension; alpha is an interlayer interference coefficient; f. ofwiThe water content of the ith sublayer.
The method for predicting the yield and development effect of the directional well in the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field preferably comprises the following steps of 5):
respectively calculating the productivity change conditions of the analog well and the target well according to the formula (6), obtaining the ratio of the recoverable reserves of the analog well and the target well by performing integral processing on the formula (6), predicting the recoverable reserves of the target well at different water-containing stages by combining the actual recoverable reserves of the analog well through the formula (7), and further evaluating the development effect and the economy of the target well:
in the formula, EURTarget wellThe recoverable reserve is the recoverable reserve of 98 percent of water in the target well; EURPeripheral wellIs analogous to the recoverable reserve of a well containing 98% water; qTarget wellThe variation function of the commingled production of the target well along with the water content is obtained; qAnalog wellIs a function of the commingled production of the analog well as the water cut.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the method and the steps of the invention, the productivity and the development effect of a typical production well are predicted, and compared with the calculation result of the traditional method and the actual production data of the well, the prediction precision is improved by more than 10 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of analysis of a dynamic injection-production communication condition of a small layer of a thin interbed sandstone oil field;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the result of prediction of the interference coefficient of the A-01 well region;
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the productivity prediction result of the A-01 well region;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the result of the productivity prediction of the A-02 well region;
fig. 5 is a graph comparing the predicted results with the conventional method.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the objects, features and advantages of the invention can be more clearly understood. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely intended to illustrate the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to a typical well example (A-01).
The invention provides a method for predicting the yield and development effect of an offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well, which comprises the following steps:
1) aiming at the reservoir development characteristics and development characteristics of the thin interbed sandstone oil field, a dynamic and static data combination method is adopted to establish a small-layer dynamic injection-production communication degree evaluation flow (shown in figure 1) suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field, and the injection-production communication condition of the small layer of the thin interbed sandstone oil field is quantitatively evaluated;
the reservoir characteristics of the thin interbed reservoir are different from those of a conventional multilayer sandstone oil field, and the small layers in the same oil set are large in number, thin in effective thickness (<5m) and small in sand body spreading range (<300m), so that the injection-production communication degrees of the small layers are different. And analyzing the dynamic communication condition of the small layer of the A-01 well zone according to the flow of the figure 1 by utilizing the flooding degree of the small layer, MDT pressure measurement data, PLT test data and production dynamic data according to the development condition of the reservoir.
Aiming at the reservoir development characteristics and development characteristics of the thin interbed sandstone oil field, dynamic and static data are combined, the dynamic injection-production communication rate of each small layer is firstly obtained through a formula (1), and then the injection-production communication condition of the small layers of the thin interbed sandstone oil field is evaluated through the dynamic injection-production communication rate of each small layer:
in the formula, TiDynamic notes for ith sublayerThe communication rate is adopted, and the dimension is avoided; hi communication withThe effective thickness of the ith small layer communicated with the water injection well; hi TotalIs the total effective thickness of the ith sublayer; i is the small layer number. The specific calculation results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1A-01 well dynamic injection-production connectivity table
2) Based on an interlayer interference action mechanism, reservoir physical properties, fluid properties and injection-production connectivity are comprehensively considered, and the concepts of flow capacity, flow capacity level difference and reference flow capacity are introduced to quantitatively evaluate the longitudinal heterogeneous severity degree among small layers of the thin interbed sandstone oil field.
The flow capacity of different small layers is different, the dominant layer with strong flow capacity has small flow resistance and small pressure drop, a high-pressure system is easy to form, and the liquid production contribution rate and the reserve utilization degree of the non-dominant layer with weak flow capacity are further inhibited. Meanwhile, due to the influence of different flowing capacities and liquid production speeds among the small layers, the water content of the dominant layer with strong flowing capacity and large liquid production contribution rises faster, on the contrary, the water content of the non-dominant layer rises slower, and the difference of the rising speeds of the water content aggravates the difference of the flowing capacities among the small layers, so that the most intuitive expression is that the yield contribution rate and the reserve utilization condition of the non-dominant layer are worse and worse along with the rise of the water content, namely the interlayer interference effect is more and more serious. Therefore, the rule of the interlayer interference effect is related to the absolute flow capacity difference between small layers, such as the permeability, effective thickness, fluid viscosity and injection-production communication degree of the small layers, and the relative flow capacity difference between the small layers, such as the water-containing stage and oil-water phase permeation.
And calculating the flow capacity, the flow capacity level difference and the reference flow capacity of each small layer of the A-01 well area, and quantitatively evaluating the longitudinal heterogeneous severity of the A-01 well area.
The flow capacity of each small layer is calculated by a formula (2) according to the dynamic and static data of the A-01 well region, and the calculation result is shown in a table 2.
In the formula, FiThe flow capacity of the ith sublayer; kiEffective permeability of the ith sublayer; mu.siThe viscosity of the crude oil of the ith sublayer; hiThe thickness of the oil layer of the ith small layer; t isiAnd the dynamic injection-production communication rate of the ith small layer is obtained.
TABLE 2A-01 well area flow energy chart
According to the calculation results of Table 2, the A-01 well zone flow capacity step difference of 6.17 and the reference flow capacity of 0.01 were obtained by the formula (3) and the formula (4).
B＝Fmin＝0.01 (4)
In the formula, R is the flow capacity grade difference; fmaxIs the maximum flow capacity;
is the average flow capacity; b is the base flow capacity; fminIs the minimum flow capacity.
3) Counting the dynamic rules of 50 production wells of a typical oil field, analyzing and determining the correlation between the interference coefficient and variables such as flow capacity level difference, reference flow capacity, water content and the like based on the interference coefficient evaluation results of 50 typical wells on site, establishing an interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field through multivariate nonlinear regression, and quantitatively predicting the change rule of the interlayer interference coefficient of a target well according to the interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula;
the interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field is as follows:
in the formula, alpha is an interference coefficient and has no dimension; kappa, lambda, gamma and omega are model parameters; j is 1. f. ofwIs the total water content of the whole well section. The values of the model parameters in equation (5) are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 interference coefficient equation parameter values
Substituting the A-01 well zone flow capacity grade difference and the reference flow capacity in the step 2) into an equation (5), and quantitatively calculating the change rule of the target inter-well layer interference coefficient along with the water content, wherein the calculation result is shown in figure 2.
4) Simultaneously introducing two parameters of an interference coefficient and a flow capacity to modify a traditional directional well production capacity formula, establishing a directional well multi-layer commingled production capacity formula suitable for a thin interbed sandstone oil field, and accurately predicting the production capacity change rule of a target well;
the oriented well multi-layer commingled production capacity formula suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field is as follows:
in the formula: q is the commingled production; kroiThe relative permeability of the oil phase of the ith small layer under a certain water content; fiThe flow capacity of the ith sublayer; p is a radical ofeIs the supply pressure; p is a radical ofwfIs bottom hole flowing pressure; b isoiIs the ithThe volume coefficient of crude oil of a small layer has no dimension; r isweIs the effective wellbore radius; revIs the feed radius; s is an epidermal coefficient and has no dimension; i is the sequence number of the small layer; alpha is an interlayer interference coefficient; f. ofwiThe water content of the ith sublayer.
And (3) substituting the interference coefficient calculation result in the step (3) into an equation (6), calculating the change condition of the productivity of the A-01 well along with the water content, and showing the calculation result in a figure 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the initial productivity of A-01 well is 424m3And d, because each small layer has strong longitudinal heterogeneity, the interlayer interference phenomenon is serious, and the yield of the medium-low water-containing stage is decreased rapidly.
5) And (4) simulating the physical property of the reservoir of the peripheral production well, the longitudinal heterogeneous degree and the recoverable reserves, predicting the final recoverable reserves of the target well, and evaluating the development effect of the target well.
The fluid property of the peripheral production well A-02 is close to that of the A-01 well, the physical property of a reservoir, the production position and the longitudinal heterogeneous condition are different from those of the A-01 well, and the recoverable reserve of 98 percent of water in the A-02 well is 7.5 ten thousand. And (3) calculating the change rule of the productivity of A-02 along with the water content according to the steps 1) to 4) (as shown in figure 4).
And (4) respectively carrying out integral treatment on the productivity of the A-01 well and the productivity of the A-02 well according to the formula (7), and predicting the recoverable reserve of 98% of the water content of the A-01 well to be 9.1 ten thousand square. The economy of the target well can be further judged by combining the production cost, and then a production decision is made.
In the formula, EURA-01The recoverable reserve of the target well A-01 with 98 percent of water; EURA-02Is the recoverable reserve of the analog well A-02 with 98% water; qA-01The change function of the commingled production of the target well A-01 along with the water content is obtained.
By applying the method, the application verification is carried out in the field production of a typical thin interbed sandstone oil field in the Bohai sea area. The oil field is of a fracture anticline structure which develops on a Bohai south low-protrusion substrate bump background and is controlled by a north-east and south-north slip fault, the fracture develops, an oil-containing layer section is a bright lower section and a Liangshi group, the reservoir buried depth is 900-1400 m, the longitudinal span reaches 500m, the longitudinal span is large, and 13 oil groups with 47 small layers are divided. At present, the main body area of the oil field enters the middle and later stages of development, and because a large-section combined layer is adopted for exploitation in the early stage, serious interlayer interference is faced, the longitudinal balance utilization degree is very poor, the water content rises quickly, and the overall development effect of the oil field is poor. The reservoir characteristics of the oil field are different from those of a conventional multilayer sandstone oil field, and the small layers in the same oil set are more, the effective thickness is thin, the spreading range of sand bodies is small, so that the injection-production communication degree of each small layer is different. Meanwhile, the longitudinal span is large, the difference between physical properties and fluids of small layers is large, and the factors aggravate the interlayer interference severity of the thin interbed oil reservoir, so that the prediction difficulty of the productivity and the development effect of a new production well is large.
The method and steps of the patent predict the productivity and development effect of a typical production well, and compare the result with the calculation result of the traditional method and the actual production data of the well (as shown in figure 5), it is seen that the prediction precision is improved by more than 10%.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for predicting the yield and development effect of an offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) aiming at the reservoir development characteristics and development characteristics of the thin interbed sandstone oil field, a dynamic and static data combination method is adopted, a small-layer dynamic injection-production communication degree evaluation flow suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field is established, and the injection-production communication condition of the small layer of the thin interbed sandstone oil field is quantitatively evaluated;
2) based on an interlayer interference action mechanism, comprehensively considering reservoir physical properties, fluid properties and injection-production connectivity, introducing flow capacity, flow capacity grade difference and reference flow capacity, and quantitatively evaluating the longitudinal heterogeneous severity degree between small layers of the thin interbed sandstone oil field;
3) counting the dynamic rules of a plurality of production wells of a typical oil field, analyzing and determining the correlation between the interference coefficient and the flow capacity level difference, the reference flow capacity and the water content based on the interference coefficient evaluation results of 50 typical wells on site, establishing an interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field through multivariate nonlinear regression, and quantitatively predicting the interlayer interference coefficient change rule of a target well according to the interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula;
4) simultaneously introducing an interference coefficient and flow capacity to correct a traditional directional well production capacity formula, and establishing a directional well multi-layer commingled production capacity formula suitable for a thin interbed sandstone oil field;
5) and (4) simulating the physical property of the reservoir of the peripheral production well, the longitudinal heterogeneous degree and the recoverable reserves, predicting the final recoverable reserves of the target well, and evaluating the development effect of the target well.
2. The method for predicting the yield and development effect of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the dynamic injection-production communication rate of each small layer is firstly obtained through a formula (1), and then the injection-production communication condition of the small layers of the thin interbed sandstone oil field is effectively evaluated through the dynamic injection-production communication rate of each small layer:
in the formula, TiThe dynamic injection-production communication rate of the ith small layer is zero dimension; hi communication withThe effective thickness of the ith small layer communicated with the water injection well; hi TotalIs the total effective thickness of the ith sublayer; i is the small layer number.
3. The method for predicting the yield and development effect of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 2), the flow capacity of each small layer is obtained by the formula (2):
in the formula, FiThe flow capacity of the ith sublayer; kiEffective permeability of the ith sublayer; mu.siViscosity H of crude oil of i-th layeriThe thickness of the oil layer of the ith sublayer.
4. The method for predicting the yield and development effect of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the flow capacity difference and the reference flow capacity of each small layer are respectively obtained through the formulas (3) and (4):
B＝Fmin (4)
in the formula, R is the flow capacity grade difference; fmaxIs the maximum flow capacity;
is the average flow capacity; b is the base flow capacity; fminIs the minimum flow capacity.
5. The method for predicting the yield and development effect of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well according to claim 4, wherein in the step 3), the interlayer interference coefficient quantitative prediction formula suitable for the thin interbed sandstone oil field is as follows:
in the formula, alpha is an interference coefficient and has no dimension; kappa, lambda, gamma and omega are model parameters; j is 1. f. ofwIs the total water content of the whole well section.
6. The method for predicting the yield and development effect of the directional well in the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field according to claim 5, wherein in the step 4), the multi-layer commingled production capacity formula of the directional well applicable to the thin interbed sandstone oil field is as follows:
in the formula: q is the commingled production; should define KroiThe relative permeability of the oil phase of the ith small layer under a certain water content; fiThe flow capacity of the ith sublayer; p is a radical ofeIs the supply pressure; p is a radical ofwfIs bottom hole flowing pressure; b isoiThe volume coefficient of the crude oil of the ith layer is zero dimension; r isweIs the effective wellbore radius; revIs the feed radius; s is an epidermal coefficient and has no dimension; alpha is an interlayer interference coefficient; f. ofwiThe water content of the ith sublayer.
7. The method for predicting the yield and development effect of the offshore thin interbed sandstone oil field directional well according to claim 6, wherein the step 5) specifically comprises the following steps:
respectively calculating the productivity change conditions of the analog well and the target well according to the formula (6), obtaining the ratio of the recoverable reserves of the analog well and the target well by performing integral processing on the formula (6), predicting the recoverable reserves of the target well at different water-containing stages by combining the actual recoverable reserves of the analog well through the formula (7), and further evaluating the development effect and the economy of the target well:
in the formula, EURTarget well98% of water in the target wellThe recoverable reserve of (c); EURPeripheral wellIs analogous to the recoverable reserve of a well containing 98% water; qTarget wellThe variation function of the commingled production of the target well along with the water content is obtained; qAnalog wellIs a function of the commingled production of the analog well as the water cut.
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