CN112459082B - Foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure and building method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure and a building method thereof, which comprises a rod body, wherein the rod body comprises a fixed rod and movable rods arranged at two ends of the fixed rod, the whole fixed rod is arranged in a hollow way, the movable rods are inserted and connected in the hollow fixed rod in a sliding way, the end parts of the movable rods at two sides, which are far away from each other, are provided with supporting plates used for being abutted to the side wall of a foundation pit, a plurality of annular plates are annularly arranged on the inner wall of the fixed rod and at two sides of the fixed rod, one side of each annular plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed rod, the other side of each annular plate is obliquely and extends towards the direction far away from the center of the fixed rod, a plurality of elastic rods are arranged on the movable rods along the circumferential direction of the movable rods, a plurality of groups of the elastic rods are arranged along the length direction of the movable rods, one end of each elastic rod is fixedly connected to the movable rod, the other end of each elastic rod is obliquely and extends towards the direction far away from the supporting plates, and acute angles formed between the annular plates and the inner wall of the fixed rod are used for the elastic rods to move in; this application has the advantage of being convenient for set up.

Description

Foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure and building method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure and a building method thereof.

Background

The foundation pit is a soil pit excavated at the design position of the foundation according to the elevation of the foundation and the plane size of the foundation. Before excavation, an excavation scheme is determined according to geological and hydrological data and the conditions of buildings nearby the site, and waterproof drainage work is performed. The persons with low excavation depth can use the method of putting side slope to make the earth slope stable, and the size of the slope is determined according to the relevant construction project.

Chinese patent with publication number CN210263065U discloses a supporting structure for preventing collapse in excavation of building foundation, which comprises a supporting plate, threaded sleeves are installed between the supporting plates, the threaded sleeves are circular cylindrical structures with left and right openings, internal threads are arranged on the inner walls of the cylindrical structures, threaded sleeves are in threaded connection with screws, the screws can be screwed in or out of the threaded sleeves, the left and right lengths of the screws and the threaded sleeves after matching connection are changed, at the moment, the threaded sleeves can drive the supporting plates to abut against the side walls of the foundation pit, and therefore the supporting plates play a role in supporting the side walls of the foundation pit and prevent collapse of the side walls of the foundation pit.

With respect to the related art among the above, the inventors consider that the following technical drawbacks exist: the installer need twist the screw rod and just can accomplish and drive the backup pad and strut the foundation ditch lateral wall, when the backup pad quantity that uses is more, then can lead to the installer to twist a plurality of screw rods and rotate, is not convenient for install.

Disclosure of Invention

First aspect, in order to facilitate the installation to the structure of preventing collapsing, this application provides a foundation ditch side slope structure of preventing collapsing.

The application provides a pair of foundation ditch side slope collapse prevention structure adopts following technical scheme:

a collapse-preventing structure for foundation pit slopes comprises a rod body, wherein the rod body comprises a fixed rod and moving rods arranged at two ends of the fixed rod, the whole fixed rod is arranged in a hollow mode, the moving rods are inserted into and connected with the hollow fixed rod in a sliding mode, supporting plates used for being abutted to the side wall of a foundation pit are arranged at the end portions, far away from each other, of the moving rods on two sides, a plurality of annular plates are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed rod and located on two sides of the fixed rod in an annular mode, one side of each annular plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed rod, the other side of each annular plate is arranged in an inclined and extending mode towards the direction far away from the center of the fixed rod, a plurality of elastic rods are arranged on the moving rods along the circumferential direction of the moving rods, a plurality of groups of the elastic rods are arranged in the length direction of the moving rods, one ends of the elastic rods are fixedly connected to the moving rods, and the other ends of the elastic rods are arranged in an inclined and extending mode towards the direction far away from the supporting plates, an acute angle formed between the annular plate and the inner wall of the fixed rod is used for the elastic rod to move in.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, be located the dead lever through driving the carriage release lever and remove, make the elastic rod resist the elasticity of self through every annular slab, after the elastic rod passes through the annular slab, the elastic rod can be because of the elasticity butt of self to the acute angle between annular slab and the dead lever inner wall, thereby play the effect of prevention towards the removal in the dead lever to the carriage release lever is located the dead lever, thereby make the backup pad fixed to the state of butt to foundation ditch lateral wall, need not to drive the carriage release lever and rotate, it can accomplish the regulation to the backup pad to be located the dead lever through driving the carriage release lever, be convenient for set up whole foundation ditch slope collapse-proof structure, installer's the efficiency of setting up has been improved.

Optionally, a plate body is arranged in the hollow fixed rod and in the middle of the fixed rod, first springs are arranged between the plate body and the moving rods on the two sides, one ends of the first springs are fixedly arranged on the plate body, and the other ends of the first springs are arranged on the moving rods.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the carriage release lever was located the dead lever and when removing outward towards the dead lever, can drive first spring and be pulled to tensile state, the elastic rod can resist the elasticity butt joint of first spring this moment in the acute angle before annular plate and the dead lever to improved the joint effect of elastic rod joint to between annular plate and the dead lever, thereby it is not hard up that the prevention carriage release lever is located the dead lever, improved the butt effect of backup pad butt to the foundation ditch lateral wall.

Optionally, the both ends of first spring are provided with the couple, all be provided with the link that is used for supplying the couple to articulate on plate body and the carriage release lever, first spring can dismantle through couple and link and be connected to on plate body and the carriage release lever.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of couple and link can make first spring can dismantle and be connected to on plate body and the carriage release lever to be convenient for change first spring.

Optionally, the dead lever includes two installation poles that splice each other and form, every the equal semicircular in shape setting of cross section of installation pole, the annular slab includes two mounting panels that splice each other and form, every the mounting panel all is the semicircular ring and sets up, the plate body can be dismantled and be connected to in two installation poles, two be provided with on the installation pole and be used for dismantling two installation poles and be connected to the mounting together.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs set up the structure with foundation ditch side slope and pull down, drive two installation pole separations through the mounting for the carriage release lever is located the dead lever and takes out, thereby makes backup pad and foundation ditch lateral wall break away from, through the position of readjusting the elastic rod, makes the backup pad be applicable to the foundation ditch lateral wall of different intervals again.

Optionally, a plurality of insertion blocks are arranged on the surface, facing the other installation rod, of one of the two adjacent installation rods, and are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the installation rod, and a plurality of slots are formed in the other installation rod and are used for being inserted into the plurality of slots in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the concatenation of two installation poles can be accomplished in the setting of inserted block and slot is fixed to it is relative to make two installation poles drive the both sides mounting panel after the concatenation, is convenient for splice mutually two installation poles, has improved the fixed effect to being in the same place of two installation poles.

Optionally, a groove is annularly formed in the inner wall of the mounting rod and at the position where the plate body is located, and the groove is used for allowing the edge of the plate body to move in.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, pass through the mounting after fixed when two installation poles, can drive the plate body and be fixed to in the cell body of two installation poles to it is fixed to first spring and carriage release lever to be convenient for in making the plate body drive first spring fixed to the dead lever.

Optionally, just be located the both sides edge of installation pole on the outer wall of one of them installation pole and all be provided with first mounting bar, another just be located the both sides edge of installation pole on the outer wall of installation pole and all be provided with the second mounting bar, the mounting is including articulated a plurality of connecting plates that set up on first mounting bar, the tip that first mounting bar was kept away from to the connecting plate is provided with the link plate, set up a plurality of recesses that connect that are used for supplying link plate male hanging on the second mounting bar.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, lie in first mounting bar through driving the connecting plate and rotate for the connecting plate drives the link plate and articulates to linking inslot, thereby makes first mounting bar and second mounting bar fixed extremely together, makes two installation poles fixed extremely together, adopts the link plate and articulates the fixed mode of setting up in groove convenient simple, has improved the dismantlement efficiency of dismantling two installation poles.

Optionally, the position that just is located the connecting plate place on the first mounting bar is provided with the articulated slab relatively, wear to establish and fixedly connected with articulated shaft on the connecting plate, wear to establish and rotate at the both ends of articulated shaft and connect on the articulated slab of both sides, the connecting plate passes through articulated slab and articulated setting of articulated shaft on first mounting bar, be provided with the torsional spring between connecting plate and the articulated slab, the torsional spring cover is located on the articulated shaft, on the one end fixed connection to connecting plate of torsional spring, other end fixed connection to articulated slab.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the torsion spring is in a natural state, the connecting plate can resist the torsion force of the torsion spring to drive the hanging plate to be inserted into the hanging groove, so that the hanging plate is prevented from being separated from the hanging groove, and when the hanging plate is required to be driven to be separated from the hanging groove, the connecting plate is driven to move by resisting the torsion force of the torsion spring.

Optionally, the connecting plate is arranged to be of a telescopic structure, the telescopic structure comprises a supporting plate and a plug board which is connected in the supporting plate in a plugging mode, the supporting plate is hinged to the first mounting bar, the hook is fixedly arranged on the end portion, far away from the first mounting bar, of the plug board, the second spring is arranged in the connecting plate, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the supporting plate, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the plug board.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the second spring was in tensile state, the inserted plate can resist the elasticity of second spring and drive the link plate tightly butt to hanging and connect the inslot to improved the link plate and hung the effect of hanging to hanging and connect the inslot, further prevented the link plate and hung the groove and break away from.

In a second aspect, in order to facilitate installation of the collapse prevention structure, the application provides a foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure building method.

The application provides a foundation ditch side slope collapse prevention structure erection method adopts following technical scheme:

a foundation pit side slope collapse prevention structure building method comprises the following steps:

when needs set up the structure of preventing collapsing to the side slope, in arranging the dead lever drive carriage release lever in the foundation ditch, elasticity through resisting first spring drives the carriage release lever and is located the dead lever and removes, the elastic rod can resist the position removal of the elasticity of self towards the carriage release lever when passing through the annular slab, after the elastic rod passes through the annular slab, the elastic rod can resist the elasticity of self and remove to the acute angle between annular slab and the dead lever in, thereby make annular slab and elastic rod play the effect of prevention to the removal in the dead lever of carriage release lever orientation, the backup pad can be fixed to the state of butt to the lateral wall of foundation ditch this moment, accomplish setting up of the structure of preventing collapsing of side slope.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, operating personnel need not to drive the carriage release lever and rotates, removes through driving the carriage release lever and can accomplish the setting up of structure of collapsing to the foundation ditch side slope, and fixed mode is convenient simple, has improved the efficiency when installer sets up the structure of collapsing to the foundation ditch side.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

the movable rod is driven to move in the fixed rod, so that the elastic rod resists the elasticity of the elastic rod and passes through each annular plate, when the elastic rod passes through the annular plates, the elastic rod can be abutted to an acute angle between each annular plate and the inner wall of the fixed rod due to the elasticity of the elastic rod, and the effect of preventing the movement of the movable rod in the fixed rod towards the fixed rod is achieved, so that the supporting plate is fixed to a state of being abutted to the side wall of the foundation pit, the movable rod does not need to be driven to rotate, the adjustment of the supporting plate can be completed by driving the movable rod to move in the fixed rod, the whole foundation pit slope collapse-preventing structure is convenient to erect, and the erection efficiency of installers is improved;

when needs pull down the foundation ditch slope set up structure, drive two installation pole separations through the mounting for the carriage release lever is located the dead lever and takes out, thereby makes backup pad and foundation ditch lateral wall break away from, through the position of readjusting the elastic rod, makes the backup pad be applicable to the foundation ditch lateral wall of different intervals once more.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram for showing a first mounting bar and a second mounting bar according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic half-sectional structure view of a connection plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a rod body; 11. fixing the rod; 111. an annular plate; 112. a plate body; 113. a first spring; 114. mounting a rod; 115. inserting a block; 116. a slot; 117. a trough body; 118. hooking; 119. hanging a ring; 12. a travel bar; 121. an elastic rod; 13. a support plate; 131. a groove; 14. a first mounting bar; 141. a connecting plate; 142. a hinge plate; 143. hinging a shaft; 144. a torsion spring; 145. a support plate; 146. a plugboard; 147. a second spring; 148. hanging the plate; 15. a second mounting bar; 151. and (4) hanging and connecting the groove.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.

The embodiment of the application discloses foundation ditch side slope structure of preventing collapsing. Referring to fig. 1, the foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure comprises a rod body 1, wherein the rod body 1 comprises a fixed rod 11 and movable rods 12 arranged at two ends of the fixed rod 11, the fixed rod 11 and the movable rods 12 are coaxially arranged, the whole fixed rod 11 is arranged in a hollow manner, the movable rods 12 are inserted into and slidably connected into the hollow fixed rod 11, and the end parts, far away from each other, of the movable rods 12 at two sides are provided with supporting plates 13 used for being abutted to the side wall of a foundation pit; in the present embodiment, in order to detachably connect the support plate 13 to the moving bar 12, a groove 131 for inserting the moving bar 12 is opened on the support plate 13.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to fix the movable rod 12 to any position in the fixing rod 11, a plurality of annular plates 111 are circumferentially disposed on the inner wall of the fixing rod 11 and located on two sides of the fixing rod 11, one side of each annular plate 111 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing rod 11, and the other side of each annular plate is obliquely and extends toward a direction away from the center of the fixing rod 11, a plurality of elastic rods 121 are disposed on the movable rod 12 along the circumferential direction of the movable rod 12, in this embodiment, the elastic rods 121 are formed as metal sheets with elasticity, a plurality of groups of elastic rods 121 are disposed along the length direction of the movable rod 12, one end of each elastic rod 121 is fixedly connected to the movable rod 12, the other end of each elastic rod extends obliquely toward a direction away from the supporting plate 13, and an acute angle formed between the annular plate 111 and the inner wall of the fixing rod 11 is used for the elastic rods 121 to move in.

Move in being located dead lever 11 through driving carriage release lever 12 for carriage release lever 12 drives backup pad 13 butt to the foundation ditch lateral wall, when elastic rod 121 passes through annular plate 111, elastic rod 121 can resist the elasticity of self and move towards carriage release lever 12, after elastic rod 121 passes through annular plate 111, elastic rod 121 can be because of the immigration of elasticity of self to between annular plate 111 and dead lever 11, make annular plate 111 and elastic rod 121 play the effect of stopping towards the removal in the dead lever 11 to carriage release lever 12, make backup pad 13 fixed to the butt state to the foundation ditch lateral wall.

With reference to fig. 2 and 3, in order to further improve the fixing effect of the elastic rod 121 in the acute angle between the annular plate 111 and the fixing rod 11, a plate 112 is disposed in the hollow fixing rod 11 and in the middle of the fixing rod 11, a first spring 113 is disposed between the plate 112 and the moving rods 12 on both sides, one end of the first spring 113 is fixedly disposed on the plate 112, and the other end is disposed on the moving rod 12; when the first spring 113 is in a stretched state, the elastic rod 121 may be pressed against the annular plate 111 against the elastic force of the first spring 113, thereby improving the fixing effect of the elastic rod 121 between the annular plate 111 and the fixing rod 11.

With reference to fig. 4 and 5, in order to take out the movable rod 12 from the fixed rod 11, the fixed rod 11 includes two mounting rods 114 spliced with each other, a cross section of each mounting rod 114 is disposed in a semicircular shape, and the annular plate 111 includes two mounting plates spliced with each other, each mounting plate is disposed in a semicircular shape; in order to improve the splicing effect between the two mounting rods 114, the mounting plates in the two mounting rods 114 are opposite after being spliced, a plurality of insertion blocks 115 are arranged on the surface, facing the other mounting rod 114, of one mounting rod 114 of the two adjacent mounting rods 114, the insertion blocks 115 are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the mounting rod 114, a plurality of insertion slots 116 are formed in the other mounting rod 114, and the insertion blocks 115 are used for being correspondingly inserted into the insertion slots 116 one by one; in this embodiment, in order to drive the insertion block 115 to be fixed in the insertion slot 116 to a certain extent, the insertion block 115 is integrally formed as a rubber block made of a rubber material, and the rubber block is inserted into the insertion slot 116 against its own elastic force, so that the insertion block 115 can be fixed in the insertion slot 116 against its own elastic force, thereby preventing the two mounting rods 114 from being separated from each other.

As shown in fig. 4, in order to drive the plate body 112 to be detachably connected to the two mounting rods 114, a groove 117 is annularly formed on the inner wall of the mounting rods 114 at the position where the plate body 112 is located, the groove 117 is used for allowing the edge of the plate body 112 to move in, and the plate body 112 is detachably connected to the two mounting rods 114 through the groove 117; in order to facilitate the replacement of the first spring 113 by an installer, hooks 118 are provided at both ends of the first spring 113, a hanging ring 119 for hanging the hooks 118 is provided on both the plate body 112 and the moving rod 12, and the first spring 113 is detachably connected to the plate body 112 and the moving rod 12 through the hooks 118 and the hanging ring 119; in other embodiments, the hanging ring 119 and the hook 118 may be replaced by a detaching plate and a bolt, the detaching plate is fixedly disposed at both ends of the first spring 113, the bolt is inserted into the detaching plate, and the detaching plate is also made to drive the first spring 113 to be fixed between the plate body 112 and the moving rod 12 by inserting and screwing the bolt into and onto the plate body 112 and the moving rod 12.

Referring to fig. 4 and 6, in order to detachably couple the two mounting bars 114 together, a fixing member for detachably coupling the two mounting bars 114 together is provided on the two mounting bars 114.

With reference to fig. 4 and 6, the first mounting bar 14 is disposed on the outer wall of one of the mounting bars 114 and located at both side edges of the mounting bar 114, the second mounting bar 15 is disposed on the outer wall of the other mounting bar 114 and located at both side edges of the mounting bar 114, the fixing member includes a plurality of connecting plates 141 hinged to the first mounting bar 14, hinge plates 142 are oppositely disposed at positions where the connecting plates 141 are located on the first mounting bar 14, hinge shafts 143 penetrate and are fixedly connected to the connecting plates 141, both ends of the hinge shafts 143 penetrate and are rotatably connected to the hinge plates 142 at both sides, and the connecting plates 141 are hinged to the first mounting bar 14 through the hinge plates 142 and the hinge shafts 143.

With reference to fig. 4 and 6, a hanging plate 148 is disposed at an end of the connecting plate 141 away from the first mounting bar 14, and a plurality of hanging grooves 151 for inserting the hanging plate 148 are formed on the second mounting bar 15; in this embodiment, in order to further prevent the hanging plate 148 from being separated from the hanging groove 151, an included angle between the hanging plate 148 and the connecting plate 141 is set to be an acute angle; in order to prevent the connecting plate 141 from driving the hanging plate 148 to be separated from the hooking groove 151, a torsion spring 144 is arranged between the connecting plate 141 and the hinge plate 142, the torsion spring 144 is sleeved on the hinge shaft 143, one end of the torsion spring 144 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 141, and the other end is fixedly connected to the hinge plate 142; when the torsion spring 144 is in a natural state, the connection plate 141 can drive the hanging plate 148 to be hooked into the hanging groove 151.

With reference to fig. 4 and 6, in order to further drive the hanging plate 148 to be tightly hung in the hanging groove 151, the connecting plate 141 is provided with a telescopic structure, the telescopic structure includes a supporting plate 145 and a plugging plate 146 plugged and slidably connected in the supporting plate 145, the supporting plate 145 is hinged on the first mounting bar 14, the hook 118 is fixedly provided on the end portion of the plugging plate 146 far away from the first mounting bar 14, a second spring 147 is provided in the connecting plate 141, two second springs 147 are provided, one end of the second spring 147 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the supporting plate 145, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the plugging plate 146; when the second spring 147 is in the extended state, the movable rod 12 can resist the elastic force of the second spring 147 to drive the hanging plate 148 to be hung in the hanging groove 151, so as to further prevent the hanging plate 148 from being separated from the hanging groove 151; in other embodiments, the fixing members may be replaced by a plurality of bolts and a plurality of nuts, the bolts are inserted into the first mounting bar 14 and the second mounting bar 15, and the nuts are screwed onto the bolts, so that the splicing and fixing between the two mounting rods 114 can be accomplished.

A foundation pit side slope collapse prevention structure building method comprises the following steps: when a slope collapse-proof structure needs to be built, the fixed rod 11 drives the movable rod 12 to be arranged in a foundation pit, the movable rod 12 is driven to be positioned in the fixed rod 11 to move by resisting the elastic force of the first spring 113, the elastic rod 121 can resist the elastic force of the elastic rod to move towards the position of the movable rod 12 when passing through the annular plate 111, after the elastic rod 121 passes through the annular plate 111, the elastic rod 121 can resist the elastic force of the elastic rod to move into an acute angle between the annular plate 111 and the fixed rod 11, so that the annular plate 111 and the elastic rod 121 play a role in preventing the movement of the movable rod 12 towards the inside of the fixed rod 11, the support plate 13 can be fixed to be in a state of being abutted to the side wall of the foundation pit, the building of the slope collapse-proof structure is completed, the movable rod 12 does not need to be driven to rotate, the adjustment of the support plate 13 can be completed by driving the movable rod 12 to be positioned in the fixed rod 11 to move, and the building of the whole foundation pit slope collapse-proof structure is convenient, the erection efficiency of installers is improved; the hanging plate 148 resists the elasticity of the second spring 147 and the torsion spring 144 and is positioned in the hanging groove 151 to move out, so that the two mounting rods 114 are separated, the fixing rod 11 drives the movable rod 12 and the support plate 13 to be repeatedly used, and the use effect of the foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure is further improved.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a foundation ditch side slope structure of preventing collapsing which characterized in that: comprises a rod body (1), wherein the rod body (1) comprises a fixed rod (11) and movable rods (12) arranged at two ends of the fixed rod (11), the fixed rod (11) is integrally arranged in a hollow mode, the movable rods (12) are inserted into the hollow fixed rod (11) in a sliding connection mode, two sides of the movable rods (12) are provided with supporting plates (13) used for being abutted to the side wall of a foundation pit at the end portions far away from each other, a plurality of annular plates (111) are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed rod (11) in an annular mode and located on two sides of the fixed rod (11) in an annular mode, one side of each annular plate (111) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed rod (11), the other side of each annular plate is obliquely and extends towards the direction far away from the center of the fixed rod (11), a plurality of elastic rods (121) are arranged on the movable rod (12) along the circumferential position of the movable rod (12), and a plurality of the elastic rods (121) are arranged in a plurality of groups along the length direction of the movable rod (12), one end of the elastic rod (121) is fixedly connected to the movable rod (12), the other end of the elastic rod is obliquely and extends towards the direction far away from the supporting plate (13), and an acute angle formed between the annular plate (111) and the inner wall of the fixed rod (11) is used for allowing the elastic rod (121) to move in; a plate body (112) is arranged in the hollow fixed rod (11) and positioned in the middle of the fixed rod (11), a first spring (113) is arranged between the plate body (112) and the movable rods (12) on the two sides, one end of the first spring (113) is fixedly arranged on the plate body (112), and the other end of the first spring (113) is arranged on the movable rod (12);

the both ends of first spring (113) are provided with couple (118), all be provided with link (119) that are used for supplying couple (118) to articulate on plate body (112) and carriage release lever (12), first spring (113) can be dismantled through couple (118) and link (119) and be connected to on plate body (112) and carriage release lever (12).

2. The foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein: dead lever (11) include two installation poles (114) that splice each other and form, every the equal semicircular in shape setting of cross section of installation pole (114), annular plate (111) include two mounting panels that splice each other and form, every the mounting panel all is the semicircular in shape and sets up, plate body (112) can be dismantled and be connected to in two installation poles (114), two be provided with on installation pole (114) and be used for can dismantling the mounting that is connected to together two installation poles (114).

3. The foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure according to claim 2, wherein: a plurality of inserting blocks (115) are arranged on the surface, facing the other mounting rod (114), of one mounting rod (114) of the two adjacent mounting rods (114), the inserting blocks (115) are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the mounting rod (114), a plurality of inserting grooves (116) are formed in the other mounting rod (114), and the inserting blocks (115) are used for being correspondingly inserted into the inserting grooves (116) one by one.

4. The foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure according to claim 2, wherein: the installation rod is characterized in that a groove body (117) is annularly formed in the position, where the plate body (112) is located, on the inner wall of the installation rod (114), and the groove body (117) is used for allowing the edge of the plate body (112) to move in.

5. The foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure according to claim 2, wherein: just be located the both sides edge of installing pole (114) and all be provided with first mounting bar (14), another on the outer wall of one of them installing pole (114) and all be provided with second mounting bar (15) on the outer wall of installing pole (114) and the both sides edge that is located installing pole (114), the mounting is including articulated a plurality of connecting plates (141) that set up on first mounting bar (14), the tip that first mounting bar (14) were kept away from in connecting plate (141) is provided with link plate (148), set up a plurality of links up groove (151) that are used for supplying link plate (148) male on second mounting bar (15).

6. The foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure according to claim 5, wherein: the hinge plate (142) is arranged on the first mounting bar (14) and located at the position where the connecting plate (141) is located, hinge shafts (143) penetrate through and are fixedly connected to the connecting plate (141), two ends of each hinge shaft (143) penetrate through and are rotatably connected to the hinge plates (142) on two sides, the connecting plate (141) is hinged to the first mounting bar (14) through the hinge plates (142) and the hinge shafts (143), torsion springs (144) are arranged between the connecting plate (141) and the hinge plates (142), the torsion springs (144) are sleeved on the hinge shafts (143), one ends of the torsion springs (144) are fixedly connected to the connecting plate (141), and the other ends of the torsion springs are fixedly connected to the hinge plates (142).

7. The foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure according to claim 5, wherein: the connecting plate (141) is of a telescopic structure, the telescopic structure comprises a supporting plate (145) and an inserting plate (146) which is inserted into the supporting plate (145) in a sliding mode, the supporting plate (145) is hinged to the first mounting bar (14), the hook (118) is fixedly arranged on the end portion, far away from the first mounting bar (14), of the inserting plate (146), a second spring (147) is arranged in the connecting plate (141), one end of the second spring (147) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the supporting plate (145), and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inserting plate (146).

8. A foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure building method comprising the foundation pit slope collapse prevention structure of claim 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

when a slope collapse-preventing structure needs to be erected, the fixed rod (11) drives the movable rod (12) to be arranged in a foundation pit, the movable rod (12) is driven to be located in the fixed rod (11) to move by resisting the elastic force of the first spring (113), the elastic rod (121) can resist the elastic force of the elastic rod to move towards the position of the movable rod (12) when passing through the annular plate (111), after the elastic rod (121) passes through the annular plate (111), the elastic rod (121) can resist the elastic force of the elastic rod to move into an acute angle between the annular plate (111) and the fixed rod (11), so that the annular plate (111) and the elastic rod (121) play a role in stopping the movement of the movable rod (12) towards the inside of the fixed rod (11), at the moment, the support plate (13) can be fixed to be abutted to the side wall of the foundation pit, and the erection of the slope collapse-preventing structure is completed.

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