CN112455227A - Power take-off mechanism, single-shot crane and fault detection method - Google Patents
Power take-off mechanism, single-shot crane and fault detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112455227A CN112455227A CN202011365114.8A CN202011365114A CN112455227A CN 112455227 A CN112455227 A CN 112455227A CN 202011365114 A CN202011365114 A CN 202011365114A CN 112455227 A CN112455227 A CN 112455227A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
- B60K25/02—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
- B60R16/0231—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle
- B60R16/0232—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle for measuring vehicle parameters and indicating critical, abnormal or dangerous conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
- B60K25/02—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft
- B60K2025/022—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft by a mechanical transmission
- B60K2025/024—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft by a mechanical transmission with variable ratio
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- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a power take-off mechanism, a single-shot crane and a fault detection method, and relates to the technical field of cranes. The power take-off mechanism comprises a transmission, a transmission unit, a hydraulic oil pump and a fault detection unit; the transmission, the transmission unit and the hydraulic oil pump are sequentially in transmission connection; the transmission unit comprises a plurality of transmission parts which are sequentially connected in a transmission way; the fault detection unit is used for respectively detecting the actual input rotating speed and the actual output rotating speed of the plurality of transmission parts; when the absolute value of the difference value between the actual speed ratio of a transmission piece and the theoretical speed ratio of the transmission piece is greater than or equal to a preset value, judging that the transmission piece is in fault; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
ifruit of Chinese wolfberryRepresenting the actual speed ratio, rIntoRepresenting the actual input speed, rGo outRepresenting the actual output speed. The application provides a power take-off mechanism can be convenient for confirm the trouble positionAnd the maintenance time is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a power take-off mechanism, a single-shot crane and a fault detection method.
Background
For the single-engine crane, only one engine is arranged, and the engine supplies power to the getting-on unit and the getting-off unit so as to realize getting-off running and getting-on operation. Wherein, the power supply of the engine to the upper vehicle unit is realized through the power take-off mechanism.
However, when a transmission unit of the conventional force taking mechanism fails, the transmission unit needs to be cut off by one section to find out the failure position, that is, the failure position is found through a subsection test, so that a long time is required, the operation is complicated, and the determination of the failure position is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a power take-off mechanism, a single-shot crane and a fault detection method, which are used for determining the fault position of a transmission unit in the power take-off mechanism.
To solve the above problem, in a first aspect, the present application provides:
a power take-off mechanism is used in a single-shot crane and comprises a transmission, a transmission unit, a hydraulic oil pump and a fault detection unit; the transmission, the transmission unit and the hydraulic oil pump are sequentially in transmission connection;
the transmission unit comprises a plurality of transmission parts which are sequentially connected in a transmission way; the fault detection unit is used for respectively detecting the actual input rotating speed and the actual output rotating speed of the plurality of transmission parts;
when the absolute value of the difference value between the actual speed ratio and the theoretical speed ratio of one transmission part is larger than or equal to a preset value, judging that the transmission part is in fault; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
ifruit of Chinese wolfberryRepresenting said actual speed ratio, rIntoRepresenting said actual input speed, rGo outRepresenting the actual output speed.
In a possible embodiment, the plurality of transmission members comprises a power take-off device and an angle gear box assembly, the power take-off device is respectively in transmission connection with the angle gear box assembly and the transmission, and one end, far away from the power take-off device, of the angle gear box assembly is in transmission connection with the hydraulic oil pump.
In a possible embodiment, the fault detection unit comprises:
a first rotational speed detecting member provided to the transmission, the first rotational speed detecting member being configured to detect an actual output rotational speed of the transmission, that is, an actual input rotational speed of the power take-off;
the second rotating speed detection part is arranged at the output end of the power takeoff and is used for detecting the actual output rotating speed of the power takeoff, namely the actual input rotating speed of the angle gearbox assembly;
the third rotational speed detection piece, set up in the output of angle gear box subassembly, the third rotational speed detection piece is used for detecting the actual output rotational speed of angle gear box subassembly.
In one possible embodiment, the angle gear box assembly comprises a first angle gear box and a second angle gear box which are in transmission connection, wherein an input end of the first angle gear box is in transmission connection with an output end of the power takeoff, and an output end of the second angle gear box is in transmission connection with an input end of the hydraulic oil pump;
the third rotating speed detection piece is arranged at the output end of the second angular gear box and is used for detecting the actual output rotating speed of the second angular gear box;
the fault detection unit further comprises a fourth rotating speed detection piece, the fourth rotating speed detection piece is arranged at the output end of the first angular gear box, and the fourth rotating speed detection piece is used for detecting the actual output rotating speed of the first angular gear box, namely the actual input rotating speed of the second angular gear box.
In a possible embodiment, the power take-off mechanism further comprises a fifth rotation speed detection element, the fifth rotation speed detection element is arranged at the input end of the hydraulic oil pump, and the fifth rotation speed detection element is used for detecting the actual input rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump.
In a possible embodiment, the power take-off mechanism further comprises a torque detection element, the torque detection element is arranged at the output end of the transmission, and the torque detection element is used for detecting the output torque of the transmission.
In a possible embodiment, the power take-off mechanism further comprises a stroke detection piece, the stroke detection piece is arranged at the input end of the transmission, and the stroke detection piece is used for detecting the connection stroke of the transmission and a clutch in the single-shot crane.
In a possible implementation manner, the power take-off mechanism further comprises a vibration detection piece, the vibration detection piece is arranged on the transmission unit, and the vibration detection piece is used for detecting whether the transmission unit generates vibration or not.
In a second aspect, the application provides a single-shot crane, which comprises the power take-off mechanism.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides a fault detection method applied to a power take-off mechanism, including:
acquiring the actual input rotating speed and the actual output rotating speed of each transmission piece of a transmission unit in the power take-off mechanism;
comparing the actual speed ratio of each transmission element with the theoretical speed ratio of the transmission element; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
ifruit of Chinese wolfberryRepresenting said actual speed ratio, rIntoRepresenting said actual input speed, rGo outRepresenting the actual output speed;
when the absolute value of the difference between the actual speed ratio and the theoretical speed ratio of a transmission member is greater than or equal to a preset value, the transmission member fails.
In one possible embodiment, the power take-off mechanism is controlled to be forcibly stopped when the absolute value of the difference between the actual speed ratio of one of the transmission members and the theoretical speed ratio thereof is greater than or equal to a preset value.
In a possible implementation mode, the method further comprises the step of detecting the actual input rotating speed of a terminal of the power take-off mechanism, wherein the terminal is one end of the power take-off mechanism used for being connected with a boarding unit;
and when the absolute value of the difference value between the actual input rotating speed of the terminal and the theoretical input rotating speed of the terminal is smaller than a preset value, the power taking mechanism finishes power taking, and an operating handle of the boarding unit is activated.
In a possible embodiment, when the absolute value of the difference between the actual input rotation speed of the terminal and the theoretical input rotation speed of the terminal is greater than or equal to the preset value, the power take-off mechanism does not take off power, and the operating handle of the boarding unit is in a failure state.
In a possible implementation mode, waiting for a preset time, and when the absolute value of the difference value between the actual input rotating speed and the theoretical input rotating speed of the terminal is still larger than or equal to the preset value, re-taking the force by the force taking mechanism;
and after the force is taken again for the preset times, stopping taking the force and eliminating faults when the absolute value of the difference value between the actual input rotating speed of the terminal and the theoretical input rotating speed of the terminal is still larger than or equal to the preset value.
The beneficial effect of this application is: the application provides a power take-off mechanism, including derailleur, drive unit, hydraulic oil pump and failure detection unit. The transmission, the transmission unit and the hydraulic oil pump are sequentially in transmission connection; the transmission unit comprises a plurality of transmission parts which are sequentially connected in a transmission manner, and the fault detection assembly is used for respectively detecting the actual output rotating speed and the actual input rotating speed of the plurality of transmission parts.
Therefore, in use, the actual input rotating speed and the actual output rotating speed of each transmission part can be obtained through the fault detection assembly, so that the actual speed ratio of each transmission part can be obtained, and whether the transmission part breaks down or not can be judged according to the actual speed ratio and the theoretical speed ratio of each transmission part. It is understood that when the absolute value of the difference between the actual speed ratio of a transmission member and the theoretical speed ratio thereof is greater than or equal to a preset value, it is possible to determine that the transmission member is faulty. Therefore, the fault position of the transmission unit can be judged according to the detection result, and the sectional test is not needed, so that an operator can conveniently know the fault position, and the maintenance time is saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a power take-off mechanism;
FIG. 2 illustrates a partial schematic of a power take-off mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the power take-off configuration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the power take-off in a connected state;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a fork;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of the operation of the boarding unit;
fig. 7 shows a flow chart of a fault detection method.
Description of the main element symbols:
1-a transmission; 2-a transmission unit; 21-a transfer case; 211-power takeoff; 2111-cylinder; 2112-shifting fork; 2113-output shaft; 2114-adapter sleeve; 2114 a-first engaging jaw; 2115 — input shaft; 2115 a-second engaging jaw; 22-angle gearbox assembly; 221-first horn gear box; 222-a second corner box; 223-a first drive shaft; 3-a hydraulic oil pump; 31-a bearing seat; 4-a fifth rotational speed detection member; 5-a fault detection unit; 51-a first rotational speed detecting member; 52-a second rotational speed detecting member; 53-third rotational speed detection member; 54-a fourth rotational speed detecting member; 61-a second drive shaft; 62-a third drive shaft; 63-a cross universal joint; 7-a fourth drive shaft; 8-a fifth transmission shaft; 100-get-off unit; 200-getting on board unit.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The single-crane generally includes a lower unit 100 and an upper unit 200, wherein the lower unit 100 is used for walking of the single-crane, and the upper unit 200 is used for performing operations such as landing and landing, slewing, and the like. Meanwhile, the single-lift crane is provided with only one engine, which is installed in the lower vehicle unit 100 and is supplied with power to the lower vehicle unit 100 and the upper vehicle unit 200.
Wherein, power transmission is realized between the engine and the upper vehicle unit 200 through a power take-off mechanism. When the lower vehicle unit 100 acts, the power take-off mechanism disconnects power take-off, namely, power transmission is disconnected. When the lower vehicle unit 100 is parked and the upper vehicle unit 200 is operated, the power transmission between the engine and the upper vehicle unit 200 can be realized through the power take-off mechanism, and the upper vehicle unit 200 can perform corresponding operation later.
During operation of the boarding unit 200, when a component failure occurs, vibration and abnormal noise of the entire power take-off transmission chain are caused. However, in the prior art, when determining the failure position of the transmission unit 2 in the power take-off mechanism, the transmission unit 2 needs to be disassembled from the end close to the boarding unit 200 in sections to perform the troubleshooting (i.e., troubleshooting the failure position), so that the determination of the failure position is cumbersome and time-consuming. Meanwhile, in the troubleshooting process, due to the reduction of the load, the original vibration and abnormal sound intensity is weakened, so that an operator is not facilitated to confirm the fault position, and the troubleshooting difficulty is further increased. It can be seen that the prior art power take-off mechanism is not conducive to identifying the location of the fault during use.
The application provides a power take-off mechanism, when transmission unit 2 breaks down, can pinpoint the fault point. Therefore, an operator can conveniently confirm the fault position, fault removing operation is simplified, and maintenance time is further shortened.
Example one
The embodiment provides a power take-off mechanism which can be applied to a single-engine crane to realize power transmission between an engine and an upper vehicle unit 200.
As shown in fig. 1, the power take-off mechanism includes a transmission 1, a transmission unit 2, a hydraulic oil pump 3, and a failure detection unit 5. Wherein, derailleur 1, drive unit 2 and hydraulic oil pump 3 are connected in proper order transmission. The transmission 1 is used to drive an engine connected to the lower vehicle unit 100 to obtain power. The hydraulic oil pump 3 is used to supply power to the cylinder and the motor of the boarding unit 200. In this way, power transmission between the engine and the upper vehicle unit 200 is achieved by the power take-off mechanism.
The transmission unit 2 includes a plurality of transmission members, and the plurality of transmission members are sequentially connected in a transmission manner. The failure detection unit 5 is used for detecting the actual input rotation speed and the actual output rotation speed of the plurality of transmission members respectively. With regard to a transmission member, it is preferable that,
wherein iFruit of Chinese wolfberryRepresenting the actual speed ratio, r, of the transmissionIntoRepresenting the actual input speed, r, of the transmission memberGo outRepresenting the actual output speed of the transmission.
When operating normally, the actual speed ratio of each transmission element in the transmission unit 2 can be maintained substantially near the theoretical speed ratio to achieve normal power transmission. When one of the transmission members fails, the actual speed ratio of the transmission member will change significantly from the theoretical speed ratio, which in turn causes the whole transmission unit 2 to vibrate and make abnormal sound.
Therefore, when the absolute value of the difference between the actual speed ratio of each transmission member and the theoretical speed ratio of each transmission member is smaller than the preset value, it can be shown that the actual speed ratio of each transmission member is basically maintained near the theoretical speed ratio, and the transmission unit 2 is in a normal working state, that is, the force taking mechanism is in a normal working state. When the absolute value of the difference between the actual speed ratio of a transmission member and the theoretical speed ratio thereof is greater than or equal to a preset value, it indicates that the actual speed ratio of the transmission member is significantly changed from the theoretical speed ratio thereof, i.e., the transmission member is out of order, i.e., the transmission unit 2 is out of order. Therefore, the operator can accurately know the fault position of the transmission unit 2 according to the detection result.
Therefore, in the actual working process, an operator can judge whether each transmission member is in failure, that is, whether the power take-off mechanism is in failure according to the ratio of the actual input rotating speed to the actual output rotating speed of each transmission member detected by the failure detection unit 5. Meanwhile, the fault position can be accurately found out, and judgment by cutting off the power of the transmission unit 2 in sections is not needed. Furthermore, the operation flow for determining the fault position of the transmission unit 2 is simplified, so that the maintenance time is saved.
Example two
The embodiment provides a power take-off mechanism which can be applied to a single-shot crane. It is understood that the present embodiment is a further improvement on the first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, the transmission unit 2 includes a transfer case 21 and an angle gearbox assembly 22. Wherein, the transfer case 21 is provided with a power take-off 211, and the power take-off 211 is in transmission connection with the angle gearbox component 22. Specifically, one end of the power take-off 211, which is far away from the angle gearbox assembly 22, is in transmission connection with the transmission 1, and one end of the angle gearbox assembly 22, which is far away from the power take-off 211, is in transmission connection with the hydraulic oil pump 3. Meanwhile, the power take-off 211 may be used to control power transmission and disconnection of the power generation mechanism.
In use, the transmission 1 may be connected to the engine via a clutch, and the hydraulic oil pump 3 may be connected to the motor and cylinders of the boarding unit 200. Wherein the engine is used for generating power, and then the power is transmitted to the motor and the oil cylinder of the boarding unit 200 by the power take-off mechanism, thereby realizing the power supply to the boarding unit 200, so that the boarding unit 200 executes actions such as lifting and dropping, arm extension, rotation and the like.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in particular, the power take-off 211 includes an input shaft 2115, an output shaft 2113, and a cylinder 2111. The output shaft 2113 is sleeved with an adapter sleeve 2114, and the adapter sleeve 2114 can slide along the axial direction of the output shaft 2113, that is, the adapter sleeve 2114 can be close to or far away from the input shaft 2115. The air cylinder 2111 is connected with the adapter sleeve 2114, and the air cylinder 2111 is used for driving the adapter sleeve 2114 to be close to or far away from the input shaft 2115, so that the transmission connection or disconnection of the output shaft 2113 and the input shaft 2115 is realized.
Specifically, a first engaging claw 2114a is provided on an end surface of the adapter sleeve 2114 close to the input shaft 2115, and correspondingly, a second engaging claw 2115a is provided on an end surface of the input shaft 2115 close to the output shaft 2113, and the second engaging claw 2115a is matched with the first engaging claw 2114 a. When the adapter sleeve 2114 approaches the input shaft 2115, the first engaging pawl 2114a can be brought into engagement with the second engaging pawl 2115a, so that the adapter sleeve 2114 can be rotated synchronously by the input shaft 2115.
The middle part of the adapter sleeve 2114 is provided with a non-circular through hole, and the output shaft 2113 is provided with a section of rod-shaped structure matched with the through hole, so that when the adapter sleeve 2114 rotates, the output shaft 2113 can be driven to rotate synchronously.
In some specific embodiments, a shifting fork 2112 is fixedly connected to the output spindle of the cylinder 2111, and an end of the shifting fork 2112 away from the output spindle is connected to the adapting sleeve 2114 in an inserting manner. The output main shaft of the cylinder 2111 is parallel to the output shaft 2113. When the cylinder 2111 drives the shifting fork 2112 to move, the adapter sleeve 2114 can be pushed to move along the axial direction of the output shaft 2113, so that the adapter sleeve 2114 is pushed to be close to or far away from the input shaft 2115.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, in particular, one end of the shift fork 2112 away from the cylinder 2111 is provided with a U-shaped fork structure. Correspondingly, the adapter sleeve 2114 is circumferentially provided with a slot matched with the U-shaped fork structure, the U-shaped fork structure is inserted into the slot, and in the moving direction of the adapter sleeve 2114, two end faces of the U-shaped fork structure are respectively abutted against two corresponding end faces in the slot, so that the adapter sleeve 2114 can be pushed by the shifting fork 2112 to move.
In use, when the power take-off mechanism performs a power take-off action, the cylinder 2111 can drive the adapter sleeve 2114 to move towards a direction close to the input shaft 2115, so that the adapter sleeve 2114 is meshed with the input shaft 2115 to realize the power transmission of the power take-off mechanism. When the power take-off mechanism is disconnected from power take-off, the air cylinder 2111 can drive the adapter sleeve 2114 to move towards the direction away from the input shaft 2115, so that the adapter sleeve 2114 is disconnected from the input shaft 2115, and the power transmission between the input shaft 2115 and the output shaft 2113 is disconnected.
As shown in fig. 1, further, the output end of the transmission 1 is drivingly connected to an input shaft 2115 of the power take-off 211 through a second transmission shaft 61 and a third transmission shaft 62. Wherein, the second transmission shaft 61 and the third transmission shaft 62 can be in transmission connection through a cross universal joint 63. The output shaft 2113 of the power take-off 211 may be drivingly connected to the input of the angle gearbox assembly 22 via the fourth drive shaft 7.
The angle gear box assembly 22 includes a first angle gear box 221 and a second angle gear box 222. The input end of the first angular gear box 221 is in transmission connection with an output shaft 2113 of the power takeoff 211 through a fourth transmission shaft 7. The output end of the first angle box 221 is drivingly connected to the input end of the second angle box 222 via a first drive shaft 223. The output end of the second angle gear box 222 is in transmission connection with the input end of the hydraulic oil pump 3 through a fifth transmission shaft 8.
In some specific embodiments, the input end of the hydraulic oil pump 3 is further provided with a bearing seat 31, and the bearing seat 31 is used for supporting the input shaft of the hydraulic oil pump 3. Under the supporting action of the bearing seat 31, the vibration of the input shaft of the hydraulic oil pump 3 can be reduced, and the smooth work of the hydraulic oil pump 3 is ensured. It will be appreciated that the fifth drive shaft 8 is drivingly connected to the input shaft of the hydraulic oil pump 3.
As shown in fig. 2, in some specific embodiments, the transmission 1, the transfer case 21, and the first bevel gear case 221 may be installed in the lower-vehicle unit 100 of the one-shot crane, so that the transmission 1 is drivingly connected to the engine of the lower-vehicle unit 100. Accordingly, the second angle gear box 222 and the hydraulic oil pump 3 may be disposed in the boarding unit 200 of the one-shot crane, so that the hydraulic oil pump 3 is in driving connection with the motor and the cylinder of the boarding unit 200.
As shown in fig. 1, the failure detecting unit 5 includes a first rotation speed detecting member 51, a second rotation speed detecting member 52, and a third rotation speed detecting member 53. The first rotation speed detecting element 51 is disposed at an output end of the transmission 1, and the first rotation speed detecting element 51 is used for detecting an actual output rotation speed of the transmission 1.
During operation, the engine is connected to the transmission 1 through the clutch, an operator can control an operating gear of the transmission 1 by operating the clutch, and the transmission 1 adjusts the rotation speed and the torque of the engine according to the operating gear, so that the transmission 1 outputs the rotation speed and the torque corresponding to the operating gear. The first rotation speed detecting element 51 detects the adjusted actual output rotation speed, which is the actual input rotation speed of the power take-off 211, of the transmission 1.
The second rotation speed detecting member 52 is provided at the output end of the power take-off 211. Specifically, the second rotational speed detecting element 52 is used to detect the actual output rotational speed of the output shaft 2113 of the power take-off 211, i.e., the actual output rotational speed of the power take-off 211, i.e., the actual input rotational speed of the corner gearbox assembly 22.
The third rotation speed detecting member 53 is provided at an output end of the angle gear box assembly 22, and the third rotation speed detecting member 53 is used for detecting an actual output rotation speed of the angle gear box assembly 22.
In some specific embodiments, the third rotation speed detecting element 53 is disposed at the output end of the second gearbox 222, and the third rotation speed detecting element 53 is used for detecting the actual output rotation speed of the second gearbox 222, i.e. the actual output rotation speed of the gearbox assembly 22. In an embodiment, the fault detection unit 5 further includes a fourth rotation speed detection component 54, the fourth rotation speed detection component 54 is disposed at an output end of the first gearbox 221, and the fourth rotation speed detection component 54 is configured to detect an actual output rotation speed of the first gearbox 221, that is, an actual input rotation speed of the second gearbox 222. Therefore, when the first or second angular gear box 221 or 222 malfunctions, it can be detected in time.
In some embodiments, the first rotation speed detecting member 51, the second rotation speed detecting member 52, the third rotation speed detecting member 53 and the fourth rotation speed detecting member 54 may be all rotation speed sensors of a magnetic sensing type, a laser type, a magneto type, or the like.
When the absolute value of the difference between the actual speed ratio of the power takeoff 211, the first angular gear box 221 and the second angular gear box 222 and the theoretical speed ratio thereof is smaller than the preset value during the power transmission process of the power takeoff mechanism, it can be shown that the actual speed ratio of each transmission element of the transmission unit 2 is substantially stabilized near the theoretical speed ratio, which indicates that the transmission unit 2 is in a normal working state, i.e., the power takeoff mechanism is in a normal working state. When the absolute value of the difference between the actual speed ratio and the theoretical speed ratio of a transmission in the power take-off 211, the first angled tooth casing 221 and the second angled tooth casing 222 is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, it is indicated that the transmission unit 2 is faulty and the fault point is at the transmission position.
It will be appreciated that in some specific embodiments, the power take-off mechanism may further comprise a control unit (not shown) and a display device (not shown), the display device, the transmission 1, the transfer case 21, the angle gearbox assembly 22, the hydraulic oil pump 3 and the fault detection unit 5 all being electrically connectable to the control unit. Among them, the display device may be provided in the operation room of the boarding unit 200 so as to be easily viewed by the operator. The control unit can control the power take-off mechanism to act according to the detection result of each rotating speed detection piece, and the detection result and the fault judgment result of the fault detection unit 5 can be displayed on the display device so as to be convenient for an operator to check. The theoretical speed ratios of the transmission parts can be stored in the control unit, the actual speed ratios of the transmission parts and the preset values of the absolute values of the difference values of the theoretical speed ratios can be set in the control unit in advance, and the actual speed ratios and the preset values of the absolute values of the difference values of the theoretical speed ratios corresponding to the actual speed ratios can be set to be the same.
Of course, in other embodiments, the power take-off mechanism may also be connected directly to the main control unit of the single-lift crane.
In some embodiments, when the power take-off mechanism fails, if the power take-off mechanism continues to operate, it can cause serious damage to other components in the power take-off mechanism, and even cause the entire power take-off mechanism to be in a paralyzed state. In an embodiment, when the power take-off mechanism fails, the control unit may control the power take-off mechanism to stop according to the detection result, that is, the power take-off mechanism is forcibly stopped. Thereby avoiding causing further damage to other parts in the power take-off mechanism and further reducing the loss.
In other embodiments, a vibration detecting member may be further disposed on the transmission path of the transmission unit 2, and the vibration detecting member may be electrically connected to the control unit. When the transmission unit 2 fails, the transmission unit 2 generates corresponding vibration and abnormal sound. Therefore, whether the transmission unit 2 breaks down or not can be judged according to the detection result of the vibration detection piece, and then the control unit controls the power take-off mechanism to be forcibly stopped or not according to the detection result so as to avoid further damage of the power take-off mechanism. The vibration detection piece can be selected from capacitive, inertial and inductive vibration sensors.
In other embodiments, when detecting whether the power take-off mechanism is in failure, the failure detection unit 5 or the vibration detection piece can be used for judging according to requirements, so as to judge whether the power take-off mechanism needs to be controlled to be forcibly stopped.
In other embodiments, the output of the transmission 1 may be further provided with a torque detection member for detecting whether the torque of the output shaft of the transmission 1 changes. In the process of loading operation, when the torque detection piece detects the torque change of the output shaft of the transmission 1, the failure of the transmission unit 2 can be indicated, so that the power take-off mechanism can be controlled to be forcibly stopped, and further damage to the power take-off mechanism is avoided. Wherein, the torque detection piece can select the torque sensor of non-contact type, electronic type etc..
As shown in fig. 1, in a further embodiment, the power take-off mechanism further includes a fifth rotation speed detecting element 4, and the fifth rotation speed detecting element 4 is disposed at an input end of the hydraulic oil pump 3. Specifically, the fifth rotation speed detecting element 4 is disposed on the bearing seat 31, and the fifth rotation speed detecting element 4 can detect the rotation speed of the input shaft of the hydraulic oil pump 3, that is, the actual input rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3. Thereby improving the detection accuracy of the actual output rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3.
In use, it can be determined whether the power take-off mechanism is stably transmitting power according to the actual input rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3, that is, the engine can stably transmit power to the boarding unit 200, and the boarding unit 200 finishes power take-off. It can be understood that when the absolute value of the difference between the actual input rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3 and the theoretical input rotation speed thereof is smaller than the preset value, it indicates that the power take-off mechanism can stably transmit power, and the power take-off of the boarding unit 200 is completed. When the absolute value of the difference between the actual input rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3 and the theoretical input rotation speed thereof is greater than or equal to the preset value, it indicates that the power take-off mechanism cannot stably transmit power, and the power take-off of the boarding unit 200 is not completed. Wherein the theoretical input rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3 is equal to the theoretical output rotation speed of the second angle gear box 222.
When the boarding unit 200 is operated, the boarding unit 200 is required to complete power take-off, that is, the engine stably transmits power to the boarding unit 200 through the power take-off mechanism, and then the boarding unit 200 can be loaded to perform corresponding operation, otherwise the clutch, the power take-off mechanism and the like are damaged.
When the power take-off of the boarding unit 200 is performed, a plurality of mechanical actions such as power take-off opening (i.e. the input shaft 2115 and the output shaft 2113 of the power take-off 211 are in transmission connection), clutch engaging and the like, electrical signal transmission and the like are required during the period, and the whole action process is complicated, so that the same time cannot be ensured for each power take-off operation of the boarding unit 200. However, in the prior art, it is generally determined by an operator whether the power take-off of the boarding unit 200 is completed based on the operation experience. Therefore, it is inevitable that a misjudgment may occur, and damage may be caused to the clutch, the power take-off mechanism, and the like.
In this application, through set up fifth rotational speed detection piece 4 at hydraulic oil pump 3's input, can carry out accurate detection to hydraulic oil pump 3's actual input rotational speed, the operator can accurately judge according to the testing result of fifth rotational speed detection piece 4 whether stable with the power transmission of engine for last car unit 200 of power take-off mechanism, whether the power take-off action is accomplished promptly, can avoid the condition of erroneous judgement to take place, and then avoid causing the damage to parts such as clutch, power take-off mechanism.
In some specific embodiments, the fifth rotation speed detecting element 4 may be a rotation speed sensor of a magnetic sensing type, a laser type, a magneto type, or the like.
As shown in fig. 6, during the operation of the boarding unit 200, the following operation flows may be included:
preparations include, but are not limited to, actions such as parking the get-off unit 100, entering the operator's compartment of the get-on unit 200, and the like. When the lowering unit 100 is parked, it is ensured that the single-crane is stably parked in the working position.
After readiness, the operator may start the engine. Then, the power take-off switch in the operation room is pressed to perform the power take-off operation of the boarding unit 200. The power take-off process of the boarding unit 200 includes the power take-off action of the power take-off 211 in the power take-off mechanism and the drive connection of the clutch and the transmission 1. Thereafter, the power of the engine is gradually transmitted to the upper vehicle unit 200 via the power take-off mechanism.
When the fifth rotation speed detection element 4 detects that the actual input rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3 reaches its theoretical input rotation speed, it can indicate that the power take-off of the boarding unit 200 is completed. Subsequently, the operating handle of the boarding unit 200 can be activated to facilitate the normal operations of the boarding unit 200 such as landing, turning, and the like.
When the actual input rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3 detected by the fifth rotation speed detection part 4 does not reach the theoretical input rotation speed, the operation handle is not activated, that is, the boarding unit 200 cannot perform corresponding operation, so as to prevent damage to the power take-off mechanism, the clutch and the like. When the theoretical input rotating speed is not reached after a period of time, the power take-off switch can be operated repeatedly, so that the boarding unit 200 can take power again, and the waiting time can be preset in the control unit. And when the actual input rotating speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3 still does not reach the theoretical input rotating speed after the preset times of repetition, stopping power take-off and performing fault removal treatment. The number of times of repeated power take-off can be set according to needs, and can be set to be two times, three times and the like.
During normal operation of the boarding unit 200, the failure detection unit 5 can continuously detect the actual speed ratio of each transmission. When the absolute value of the difference value between the actual speed ratio of a transmission piece and the corresponding theoretical speed ratio is detected to be larger than or equal to the preset value, the transmission unit 2 is indicated to be abnormal, at the moment, forced halt is carried out so as to carry out troubleshooting treatment, and further damage to a power take-off mechanism, a clutch and the like is avoided. When no abnormality occurs during the period, the boarding unit 200 can continue to perform the operation until the operation is completed.
In further exemplary embodiments, the input of the transmission 1 is provided with a travel detection element, wherein the travel detection element can detect the connection travel of the clutch to the transmission 1. When the connection stroke of the clutch and the transmission 1 reaches a preset value, it can also indicate that the power take-off action of the boarding unit 200 is completed. Therefore, the operator can load the boarding unit 200 according to the detection result, and perform corresponding work.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment also provides a single-shot crane which comprises a lower vehicle unit 100 and an upper vehicle unit 200.
The lower unit 100 is provided with an engine, the upper unit 200 is provided with a motor and an oil cylinder, and the engine transmits power to the motor and the oil cylinder through the power take-off mechanism provided in the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
Example four
As shown in fig. 7, in an embodiment, there is provided a method for detecting a failure of a power take-off mechanism, including:
s101, an actual input rotation speed and an actual output rotation speed of each transmission member of the transmission unit 2 are acquired.
Specifically, in the normal operation process of the power take-off mechanism, the actual input rotation speed and the actual output rotation speed of the power take-off device 211, the first gearbox 221 and the second gearbox 222 are respectively detected by the rotation speed detection pieces at the corresponding positions, so that the respective actual speed ratios of the power take-off device 211, the first gearbox 221 and the second gearbox 222 are obtained.
S102, comparing the actual speed ratio of each transmission part with the theoretical speed ratio of the transmission part; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
ifruit of Chinese wolfberryIndicating the actual speed ratio of the transmission, rIntoIndicating the actual input speed of the transmission member, rGo outRepresenting the actual output rotational speed of the transmission.
When the absolute value of the difference between the actual speed ratio and the theoretical speed ratio of a transmission member is greater than or equal to a preset value, it can be indicated that the transmission unit 2 is faulty, i.e. the power take-off mechanism is faulty, and it can be determined that the fault point is at the position of the transmission member.
Meanwhile, when a transmission member fault is detected, the power take-off mechanism is controlled to be forcibly stopped, so that further damage to the power take-off mechanism is avoided, and loss is reduced.
In addition, the fault detection method further comprises:
and S100, detecting the actual input rotating speed of a power take-off mechanism terminal, wherein the terminal is one end of the power take-off mechanism used for being connected with the getting-on unit 200. In some specific embodiments, the end of the power take-off may be referred to as the hydraulic oil pump 3.
When the absolute value of the difference between the actual input rotation speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3 and the theoretical input rotation speed thereof is smaller than the preset value, it can be indicated that the power take-off of the power take-off mechanism is completed, and the operating handle of the boarding unit 200 can be activated, so that the operator can perform boarding operation.
When the absolute value of the difference between the actual input rotating speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3 and the theoretical input rotating speed thereof is greater than or equal to the preset value, it indicates that the power take-off mechanism has not finished power take-off, and the operating handle of the boarding unit 200 is in a failure state, so that the power take-off mechanism is prevented from being damaged due to misoperation of an operator. After waiting for the preset time, when the absolute value of the difference between the actual input rotating speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3 and the theoretical input rotating speed thereof is still greater than or equal to the preset value, the power take-off mechanism takes power again. And after the force is taken again for the preset times, stopping taking the force and performing troubleshooting when the absolute value of the difference value between the actual input rotating speed of the hydraulic oil pump 3 and the theoretical input rotating speed of the hydraulic oil pump is still larger than or equal to the preset value.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (14)
1. A power take-off mechanism is used in a single-shot crane and is characterized by comprising a speed changer, a transmission unit, a hydraulic oil pump and a fault detection unit; the transmission, the transmission unit and the hydraulic oil pump are sequentially in transmission connection;
the transmission unit comprises a plurality of transmission parts which are sequentially connected in a transmission way; the fault detection unit is used for respectively detecting the actual input rotating speed and the actual output rotating speed of the plurality of transmission parts;
when the absolute value of the difference value between the actual speed ratio and the theoretical speed ratio of one transmission part is larger than or equal to a preset value, judging that the transmission part is in fault; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
ifruit of Chinese wolfberryRepresenting said actual speed ratio, rIntoRepresenting said actual input speed, rGo outRepresenting the actual output speed.
2. The power take-off mechanism of claim 1, wherein the plurality of transmission members includes a power take-off and an angle gearbox assembly, the power take-off is in driving connection with the angle gearbox assembly and the transmission, respectively, and an end of the angle gearbox assembly remote from the power take-off is in driving connection with the hydraulic oil pump.
3. The power take-off mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fault detection unit comprises:
a first rotational speed detecting member provided to the transmission, the first rotational speed detecting member being configured to detect an actual output rotational speed of the transmission, that is, an actual input rotational speed of the power take-off;
the second rotating speed detection part is arranged at the output end of the power takeoff and is used for detecting the actual output rotating speed of the power takeoff, namely the actual input rotating speed of the angle gearbox assembly;
the third rotational speed detection piece, set up in the output of angle gear box subassembly, the third rotational speed detection piece is used for detecting the actual output rotational speed of angle gear box subassembly.
4. The power take-off mechanism as claimed in claim 3, wherein the angle gearbox assembly comprises a first angle gearbox and a second angle gearbox in driving connection, an input end of the first angle gearbox being in driving connection with an output end of the power take-off, an output end of the second angle gearbox being in driving connection with an input end of the hydraulic oil pump;
the third rotating speed detection piece is arranged at the output end of the second angular gear box and is used for detecting the actual output rotating speed of the second angular gear box;
the fault detection unit further comprises a fourth rotating speed detection piece, the fourth rotating speed detection piece is arranged at the output end of the first angular gear box, and the fourth rotating speed detection piece is used for detecting the actual output rotating speed of the first angular gear box, namely the actual input rotating speed of the second angular gear box.
5. The power take-off mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by further comprising a fifth rotational speed detection element provided at an input end of the hydraulic oil pump, the fifth rotational speed detection element being configured to detect an actual input rotational speed of the hydraulic oil pump.
6. The power take-off mechanism of claim 1, further comprising a torque detector disposed at an output of the transmission, the torque detector configured to detect an output torque of the transmission.
7. The power take-off mechanism as claimed in claim 1 or 6, further comprising a stroke detection member provided at an input end of the transmission, the stroke detection member being configured to detect a connection stroke of the transmission with a clutch in a single-lift crane.
8. The power take-off mechanism as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a vibration detector disposed on the transmission unit, the vibration detector being configured to detect whether the transmission unit generates vibration.
9. A single-shot crane comprising a power take-off mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A fault detection method is applied to a power take-off mechanism and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the actual input rotating speed and the actual output rotating speed of each transmission piece of a transmission unit in the power take-off mechanism;
comparing the actual speed ratio of each transmission element with the theoretical speed ratio of the transmission element; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
ifruit of Chinese wolfberryRepresenting said actual speed ratio, rIntoRepresenting said actual input speed, rGo outRepresenting the actual output speed;
when the absolute value of the difference between the actual speed ratio and the theoretical speed ratio of a transmission member is greater than or equal to a preset value, the transmission member fails.
11. The failure detection method according to claim 10, wherein the power take-off mechanism is controlled to be forcibly stopped when an absolute value of a difference between the actual speed ratio of one of the transmission members and the theoretical speed ratio thereof is greater than or equal to a preset value.
12. The fault detection method according to claim 10, further comprising detecting an actual input rotation speed of a terminal of the power take-off mechanism, the terminal being an end of the power take-off mechanism to which a boarding unit is connected;
and when the absolute value of the difference value between the actual input rotating speed of the terminal and the theoretical input rotating speed of the terminal is smaller than a preset value, the power taking mechanism finishes power taking, and an operating handle of the boarding unit is activated.
13. The fault detection method according to claim 12, wherein when an absolute value of a difference between an actual input rotation speed of the terminal and a theoretical input rotation speed thereof is greater than or equal to the preset value, the power take-off mechanism does not take off power, and an operating handle of the boarding unit is in a failure state.
14. The fault detection method according to claim 13, characterized by waiting a preset time, and when the absolute value of the difference between the actual input rotation speed of the terminal and the theoretical input rotation speed thereof is still greater than or equal to the preset value, the power take-off mechanism takes off power again;
and after the force is taken again for the preset times, stopping taking the force and eliminating faults when the absolute value of the difference value between the actual input rotating speed of the terminal and the theoretical rotating speed of the terminal is still larger than or equal to the preset value.
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| CN202011365114.8A CN112455227A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Power take-off mechanism, single-shot crane and fault detection method |
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| CN202011365114.8A CN112455227A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Power take-off mechanism, single-shot crane and fault detection method |
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Application publication date: 20210309 |