CN112448418B - Water and electricity microgrid and power adjusting method thereof - Google Patents
Water and electricity microgrid and power adjusting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112448418B CN112448418B CN202011182476.3A CN202011182476A CN112448418B CN 112448418 B CN112448418 B CN 112448418B CN 202011182476 A CN202011182476 A CN 202011182476A CN 112448418 B CN112448418 B CN 112448418B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-electricity microgrid and a power adjusting method thereof. This water and electricity microgrid includes: the system comprises a hydroelectric generating set module, a regulator, a microgrid parameter monitoring module, a pulse modulator, a balanced load, a load and a reactive power compensation module. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the hydroelectric generating set module, the balance load and the power parameters of the load in the hydroelectric microgrid are monitored in real time through the microgrid parameter monitoring module, when the condition that the system has large power shortage is monitored, the hydroelectric generating set is put into or cut off to realize the adjustment of active power, when the system has small power shortage, the pulse modulator is controlled to adjust the duty ratio of the balance load, the balance load is utilized to increase or reduce the consumption of surplus power, the adjusting speed of the hydroelectric microgrid is improved, the frequency modulation pressure of the hydroelectric generating set is reduced, and the power supply quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of microgrid control of a power system, in particular to a water-electricity microgrid and a power adjusting method thereof.
Background
In a power grid in a mountain area, hydropower resources are rich, and a large number of hydropower stations are developed in various places and are connected to a power distribution network. However, most of areas rich in hydropower are remote mountainous areas, the power grid is weak in structure, poor in communication signal and poor in power supply reliability, when power failure occurs, power failure of user load and hydropower stations can be caused, and if hydropower resources are fully utilized, a microgrid with hydropower serving as a main power supply is constructed, the power supply reliability of the mountainous area power grid can be improved at a low cost.
The fluctuation transformation of the user load end and the inevitable intermittent and fluctuating power generation of the hydroelectric generating set influence the active real-time balance, the frequency quality and the like of the micro-grid. The micro-grid needs to keep active balance and stable frequency in real time, and the traditional frequency modulation unit is far from enough depending on water and electricity. The hydroelectric generating set has the advantages of low regulating speed, large regulating capacity and difficult frequent operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a water and electricity microgrid and a power adjusting method thereof, which are used for adjusting the frequency of the microgrid in real time by adjusting a balanced load, accelerating the adjusting speed and improving the power supply quality level of the microgrid.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydroelectric microgrid, including:
the system comprises a hydroelectric generating set module, a regulator, a microgrid parameter monitoring module, a pulse modulator, a balanced load, a load and a reactive power compensation module;
the hydroelectric generating set module comprises a plurality of hydroelectric generating sets and a plurality of switches, and the hydroelectric generating sets are connected with the switches in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the microgrid parameter monitoring module is connected with the hydroelectric generating set module, the balance load, the load and the regulator, and is used for sampling power parameters of the hydroelectric generating set module, the balance load and the load in real time and sending sampling data to the regulator;
the regulator is connected with the switches, the reactive compensation module and the pulse modulator, the pulse modulator is connected with the balanced load, and the regulator is used for controlling the switches to be opened or closed according to the sampling data, controlling the reactive compensation module to perform reactive compensation according to the load power consumption condition and controlling the pulse modulator to adjust the duty ratio of the balanced load.
Optionally, the microgrid parameter monitoring module is a data acquisition and monitoring control system.
Optionally, the balanced load comprises a diode, a transistor and a resistor;
wherein, the positive pole of the diode is connected with the emitting electrode of the transistor, the negative pole of the diode is connected with the collecting electrode of the transistor, the grid of the transistor is connected with the pulse modulator, and the resistor is connected with the diode and the transistor in series.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a power adjustment method for a hydroelectric microgrid, including:
the micro-grid parameter monitoring module monitors the power shortage of the hydropower micro-grid and the frequency of the hydropower micro-grid in real time;
when the regulator determines that the frequency of the water and electricity microgrid is smaller than a first preset value, namely the power generated by the water and electricity microgrid is smaller than the power consumed by the load, the power shortage is larger than 0, at least one hydroelectric generating set is switched on by controlling the closing of at least one switch in an open state, or the duty ratio of a balanced load is regulated, so that the power shortage is reduced or eliminated, or when the frequency of the water and electricity microgrid is larger than a second preset value, namely the power generated by the water and electricity microgrid is larger than the power consumed by the load, the power shortage is smaller than 0, at least one switch in a closed state is controlled according to the power shortage of the water and electricity microgrid to be switched on to withdraw from at least one hydroelectric generating set, or the duty ratio of the balanced load is regulated, so that the power shortage is reduced or eliminated.
Optionally, switching on at least one hydroelectric generating set by controlling at least one switch in an open state comprises:
switching m hydroelectric generating sets by controlling at least one switch in an open state to be closed;
wherein Δ P is the power deficit of the hydroelectric microgrid, P a And the power of each group of hydroelectric generating sets.
Optionally, when the regulator determines that the power shortage is greater than the second preset value, namely, the power that the water and electricity microgrid sends is greater than the power that the load consumed, the power shortage is less than 0, at least one is in the off-state according to the power shortage control of water and electricity microgrid the switch closure withdraws from at least one hydroelectric generating set, or adjusts the duty cycle of balanced load, including:
when the power deficit is less than 0 and greater than-P a Adjusting a duty cycle of the balancing load to reduce or eliminate the power deficit;
when the power shortage is less than or equal to-P a And at least one hydroelectric generating set is cut off by controlling at least one switch in a closed state to be switched off so as to reduce or eliminate the power shortage.
Optionally, when the power deficit is less than 0 and greater than-P a And adjusting the duty cycle of the balancing load to reduce or eliminate the power deficit, including:
and when the duty ratio adjustment for adjusting the balance load cannot meet the requirement of reducing or eliminating the power shortage, at least one hydroelectric generating set is cut off by controlling at least one switch in a closed state to be switched off.
Optionally, when the power shortage is less than or equal to-P a When the power shortage is reduced, the method cuts off at least one hydroelectric generating set by controlling at least one switch in a closed state to be switched off, and comprises the following steps:
closing and withdrawing the m hydroelectric generating sets by controlling at least one switch in a closed state;
wherein Δ P is the power deficit of the hydroelectric microgrid, P a And the power of each group of hydroelectric generating sets.
Optionally, adjusting the duty cycle of the balanced load according to the frequency of the hydropower microgrid includes:
and when the power shortage is less than 0, increasing the duty ratio of the balanced load to increase the power consumption of the balanced load.
And when the power shortage is larger than 0, reducing the duty ratio of the balanced load so as to reduce the power consumption of the balanced load.
Optionally, the duty cycle of the balanced load is adjusted according to the frequency of the hydropower microgrid:
adjusting the duty cycle of a balanced load to a, a = P1/P2 according to the frequency of the water and electricity microgrid, wherein P1 is the active power of the balanced load, and P2 is the maximum available power of the balanced load.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the microgrid parameter monitoring module, the hydroelectric generating set module, the regulator, the pulse modulator, the balance load, the load and the reactive compensation module form a secondary control system, the power parameters of the hydroelectric generating set module, the balance load and the load in the hydroelectric microgrid are monitored in real time through the microgrid parameter monitoring module, when the system is monitored to have a large power shortage, the hydroelectric generating set is switched on or switched off to realize the regulation of active power, when the system power shortage is small, the pulse modulator is controlled to regulate the duty ratio of the balance load, the balance load is utilized to increase or reduce the consumption of surplus power, the regulation speed of the hydroelectric microgrid is increased, the frequency modulation pressure of the hydroelectric generating set is reduced, and the power supply quality is improved.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydroelectric microgrid provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a power regulation method of a hydroelectric microgrid provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the display panel and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydroelectric microgrid provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the hydroelectric microgrid comprises: the system comprises a hydroelectric generating set module 101, a regulator 102, a microgrid parameter monitoring module 103, a pulse modulator 104, a balanced load 105, a load 106 and a reactive power compensation module 107.
The hydroelectric generating set module 101 comprises a plurality of hydroelectric generating sets and a plurality of switches, the hydroelectric generating sets are connected with the switches in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103 is connected with the hydroelectric generating set module 101, the balance load 105, the load 106 and the regulator 102, the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103 is used for sampling power parameters of the hydroelectric generating set module 101, the balance load 105 and the load 106 in real time and sending the sampled data to the regulator 102, the regulator 102 is connected with the switches, the reactive power compensation module 107 and the pulse modulator 104, the pulse modulator 104 is connected with the balance load 105, the regulator 102 is used for controlling the switches to be opened or closed according to the sampled data, and controlling the reactive power compensation module 107 to perform reactive power compensation according to the power consumption condition of the load and controlling the pulse modulator 104 to adjust the duty ratio of the balance load 105.
The main structure of the water and electricity micro-grid is composed of a hydroelectric generating set, a load end and a balance load, and a power supply in the water and electricity micro-grid is mainly formed by a power electronic device for energy conversion and providing a necessary control mode. Each hydro-power unit in the hydro-power unit module 101 corresponds to a switch, and for example, the on-off state of the hydro-power unit in the hydro-power unit module 101 may be represented by a control vector, and K = { K = 1 ,2,3…… n }，K n The value of 0 indicates that the hydroelectric generating set corresponding to the switch does not work, and the value of 1 indicates that the hydroelectric generating set corresponding to the switch normally works.
Specifically, the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103, the regulator 102 and the pulse controller 104 form a water-electricity microgrid secondary control system, the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103 can monitor the active power emitted by the hydro-electric generator set module 101 in the water-electricity microgrid and the active power consumed by a load end in real time, in the embodiment, the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103 specifically samples the frequency, the load and the voltage of a balanced load and the power output power of the water-electricity microgrid in real time, and temporarily stores the sampled data to form a dynamic database, and further sends the data to the regulator 102 for regulation and control. When the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103 monitors that the output of the hydroelectric generating set module 101 and the power of the load 106 are unbalanced, the power shortage of the hydroelectric generating set module 101 can be caused, and further the frequency fluctuation of the whole system is influenced, with reference to fig. 1, the regulator 102 is connected with a plurality of switches and the balanced load 105 in the hydroelectric generating set module 101, when the high-power shortage occurs in the hydroelectric generating set microgrid, the regulator 102 puts or cuts off the number of the hydroelectric generating sets in the hydroelectric generating set module 101 according to the sampled data, when the hydroelectric generating set module has no large power shortage, the regulator 102 regulates by controlling the duty ratio of the balanced load 105, and the fluctuation caused by the power unbalance of the hydroelectric generating set module 101 and the load end 106 is solved.
It should be noted that when the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103 monitors that the reactive power of the water and electricity microgrid is insufficient, the regulator 102 controls the reactive power compensation module 107 to input the reactive power, and when the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103 monitors that the reactive power of the water and electricity microgrid is excessive, the regulator 102 controls the reactive power compensation module 107 to absorb the excessive reactive power, for example, when the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103 monitors that the power factor is greater than 0.95, the regulator 102 controls the reactive power compensation module to consume the reactive power, and conversely, the reactive power is increased.
It should be noted that the pulse controller 104 has a unique anti-interference technology, and can ensure stable and reliable operation in the worst industrial environment, and when there is no large power shortage in the hydropower microgrid, the regulator 102 switches off the hydroelectric generating set, and the pulse modulator 104 is used to control the controllable switch of the balancing load 105.
Optionally, the microgrid parameter monitoring module is a data acquisition and monitoring control system.
Illustratively, in the hydroelectric microgrid system, the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103 may be a Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system, which is a computer-based power automatic monitoring system, and may monitor And Control on-site operating equipment to achieve various functions such as Data Acquisition, equipment Control, measurement, parameter adjustment, various signal alarms, and the like, and may improve the reliability, safety And economic benefits of grid operation, alleviate dispatchers, achieve power dispatching automation And modernization, and improve dispatching efficiency And level.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 1, the balanced load includes a diode D1, a transistor Q1, and a resistor R, wherein an anode of the diode D1 is connected to an emitter of the transistor Q1, a cathode of the diode D1 is connected to a collector of the transistor Q1, a gate of the transistor Q1 is connected to the pulse modulator 104, and the resistor R is connected in series with the diode D1 and the transistor Q1.
Specifically, a diode D1 and a transistor Q1 in the balanced load 105 are connected in parallel to form a controllable switch, which is a commonly used semiconductor device and is commonly used in a control circuit. The grid of the balance load 105 is connected with the pulse modulator 104, the balance load 105 is turned on or turned off by receiving an external pulse control signal, the voltage of the balance load 105 is acquired by the microgrid parameter monitoring module 103, the generator at least needs three windings to ensure the stable operation of the generator in the hydroelectric microgrid, three-phase power generation and supply are commonly used in a power system, and the resistor R is connected with the diode and the transistor in series and is a one-way resistor in three-phase alternating current.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the pulse modulator 104 controls the controllable switch of the balanced load 105, the gate of the transistor Q1 is connected to the pulse modulator 104 to turn on or off, and the pulse modulator 104 adjusts the duty cycle of the balanced load 105, the power consumed by a fixed resistor is equal to the power consumed by adjustment, the power consumed by adjustment is the proportion of the energization time to the total time in one pulse cycle, where the power consumed by adjustment is the power consumed by the regulator 102 receiving a command and sending the command to the pulse modulator 104 to implement the controllable switch of the balanced load 105.
According to the technical scheme, the microgrid parameter monitoring module, the hydroelectric generating set module, the regulator, the pulse modulator, the balance load, the load and the reactive compensation module form a secondary control system, the hydroelectric generating set module, the balance load and the power parameters of the load in the hydroelectric microgrid are monitored in real time through the microgrid parameter monitoring module, when the system is monitored to have large power shortage, the hydroelectric generating set is put into or cut off to achieve active power regulation, when the system power shortage is small, the pulse modulator is controlled to regulate the duty ratio of the balance load, the balance load is utilized to increase or reduce the consumption of surplus power, the regulation speed of the hydroelectric microgrid is increased, the frequency modulation pressure of the hydroelectric generating set is reduced, and the power supply quality is improved.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a power regulation method of a hydroelectric microgrid provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method is suitable for adjusting the power of the hydroelectric microgrid, and the method comprises the following steps:
s210, the micro-grid parameter monitoring module monitors the power shortage of the water and electricity micro-grid and the frequency of the water and electricity micro-grid in real time.
Wherein, in the water and electricity microgrid, microgrid parameter monitoring module lasts and real-time supervision system's power shortage, can cause the frequency of system to fluctuate when the power shortage appears in the system, consequently, the power shortage of real-time supervision water and electricity microgrid is the indispensable link among the electric wire netting system.
S220, when the regulator determines that the frequency of the hydropower microgrid is smaller than a first preset value, namely the power generated by the hydropower microgrid is smaller than the power consumed by the load, and the power shortage is larger than 0, the at least one hydropower unit is switched on by controlling the at least one switch in the open state to be closed, or the duty ratio of the balanced load is regulated, so that the power shortage is reduced or eliminated, or when the regulator determines that the frequency of the hydropower microgrid is larger than a second preset value, namely the power generated by the hydropower microgrid is larger than the power consumed by the load, and the power shortage is smaller than 0, the at least one switch in the closed state is controlled to be switched on to withdraw from the at least one hydropower unit according to the power shortage of the hydropower microgrid, or the duty ratio of the balanced load is regulated, so that the power shortage is reduced or eliminated.
In the embodiment, a linkage mechanism is formed among the hydroelectric generating set modules, the balance load and the load, when the microgrid parameter monitoring module monitors that a large power shortage occurs in the system, power needs to be adjusted in a no-difference mode, and due to the fact that the power consumption of the load end of a user is random, the number of the hydroelectric generating sets and the duty ratio of the balance load are controlled, and the power can be adjusted.
Specifically, because the power consumption of the power grid system changes from moment to moment, the power shortage exists all the time, in practical application, adjustment cannot be performed as soon as the power shortage occurs, if the power shortage enables the frequency of the water-electricity microgrid to be stable within a certain range, adjustment is not needed, and if the power shortage causes the water-electricity microgrid to exceed the range, adjustment is needed. In China, the frequency deviation of the set with the frequency of 300MW or less does not exceed plus or minus 0.5Hz, but in practical application, the frequency of the hydropower microgrid is possibly plus or minus 0.3 or plus or minus 0.4Hz according to the sensitivity of a user to the frequency, therefore, when the regulator determines that the frequency of the hydropower microgrid is smaller than a first preset value, at least one switch in an open state is controlled to be closed to be put into at least one hydroelectric generating set to increase the generating power, or the duty ratio of a balanced load is adjusted to reduce the power shortage, the first preset value is-0.3 Hz, when the regulator determines that the frequency of the hydropower microgrid is larger than a second preset value, at least one switch in a close state is controlled to be opened to be put out of at least one hydroelectric generating set to decrease the generating power, or the duty ratio of the balanced load is adjusted to reduce the power shortage, and the second preset value is 0.4Hz. It should be noted that, when there is no large power shortage in the system, the power of the water and electricity microgrid is adjusted in real time by using the balanced load, the influence of the load on the frequency fluctuation of the water and electricity microgrid is further controlled, the frequency modulation of the water and electricity generator set can be reduced, and the construction cost of water and electricity is reduced.
Optionally, switching on at least one hydroelectric generating set by controlling at least one switch in an open state comprises: m hydroelectric generating sets are put into the system by controlling at least one switch in an open state,
wherein, the delta P is the power shortage of the hydropower microgrid, P a The power of each hydroelectric generating set.
Specifically, when power differential frequency modulation is carried out according to actually measured system power shortage, m hydroelectric generating sets are put into the hydroelectric generating sets through the control regulator, wherein m is an integer, after the m hydroelectric generating sets are confirmed to be put into the hydroelectric generating sets, the on-off state of the hydroelectric generating sets in the hydroelectric generating set module can be represented by a control vector, and K = { K = 1 ,2,3…… m Represents the switching actions K corresponding to the m hydroelectric generating sets one by one after the m hydroelectric generating sets are put into 1 To K m 。
Optionally, adjustingWhen the ware confirms that water and electricity microgrid frequency is greater than the second default, the power that the water and electricity microgrid sent is greater than the power that the load consumed promptly, and the power shortage is less than 0, and the switch that is in the off-state is opened and is withdrawed from at least one hydroelectric generating set according to the power shortage control of water and electricity microgrid, or adjusts the duty cycle of balanced load, includes: when the power shortage is less than 0 and greater than-P a When the power shortage is less than or equal to-P, the duty ratio of the balanced load is adjusted to reduce or eliminate the power shortage a When the power supply is started, the at least one switch in the closed state is controlled to be switched off to cut off the at least one hydroelectric generating set so as to reduce or eliminate power shortage.
Specifically, when the microgrid parameter monitoring module monitors that the frequency of the hydroelectric microgrid is greater than a second preset value, the regulator judges a specific regulation method according to the value of the power shortage, and different regulation modes can be adopted under different conditions to maintain the power balance between the hydroelectric generating set and the load end and further maintain the stability of the frequency.
Optionally, when the power deficit is less than 0 and greater than-P a By adjusting the duty cycle of the balanced load to reduce or eliminate power deficit, comprising: and when the duty ratio adjustment for adjusting the balance load cannot meet the requirement of reducing or eliminating the power shortage, at least one hydroelectric generating set is cut off by controlling at least one switch in a closed state.
Specifically, when the regulator is used for fine adjustment of the balance load, the frequency of the hydroelectric microgrid still cannot reach the normal frequency range, and the frequency can be adjusted only through the hydroelectric generating set, so that power balance is realized.
Optionally, when the power shortage is less than or equal to-P a When in use, at least one hydroelectric generating set is cut off by controlling at least one switch in a closed state to reduce power shortage, and the method comprises the following steps: the m hydroelectric generating sets are quitted by controlling the closing of at least one switch in a closed state,
wherein, the delta P is the power shortage of the hydropower microgrid, P a The power of each group of hydroelectric generating sets.
Specifically, in this implementation, after the microgrid parameter monitoring module monitors the power shortage, the balance load cannot solve the current power shortage by adjusting the duty ratio, at this time, at least one switch in the off state is controlled to be closed to quit m hydroelectric generating sets, and the value of quitting the hydroelectric generating sets can be obtained by the power shortage value of the hydroelectric microgrid and the power value of each hydroelectric generating set, so that the hydroelectric generating sets can be adjusted more quickly, and the power of the hydroelectric generating sets and the load end is balanced.
Optionally, adjusting the duty cycle of the balanced load according to the frequency of the hydro-electric microgrid includes: and when the power shortage is less than 0, increasing the duty ratio of the balanced load to increase the power consumption of the balanced load, and when the power shortage is more than 0, decreasing the duty ratio of the balanced load to decrease the power consumption of the balanced load.
Illustratively, if the microgrid parameter monitoring module monitors that the power shortage is greater than 0, the active power balance is realized by increasing the duty ratio of the balance load, illustratively, the regulator controls the balance load to be thrown by 20W, in practice, the balance load only needs 10W to realize the power balance between the hydroelectric generating set and the load end, at the moment, the frequency of the hydroelectric microgrid is greater than the maximum value of the normal frequency of the hydroelectric microgrid, and then the power balance can be realized by increasing the duty ratio in the balance load to 50%.
It should be noted that the power supply business regulation published in 1996 by the department of power industry in China: under the condition that the power system is normal, the allowable error of the power supply frequency is as follows: 1. the installed capacity of the power grid is more than 300 ten thousand and is +/-0.2 Hz; 2. the installed capacity of the power grid is less than 300 ten thousand, and is +/-0.5 Hz. Under the abnormal condition of the power system, the allowable error of the power supply frequency should not exceed +/-1.0 Hz. Therefore, the normal operation frequency range of the power grid is allowed to be 49.5-50.5 Hz, so that the maximum value of the normal frequency of the hydropower microgrid is 50.5Hz, and the minimum value of the normal frequency of the hydropower microgrid is 49.5Hz.
Optionally, the duty cycle of balanced load is adjusted according to the frequency of water and electricity microgrid, includes: and adjusting the duty ratio of the balanced load to a, a = P1/P2 according to the frequency of the hydropower microgrid, wherein P1 is the active power of the balanced load, and P2 is the maximum investable power of the balanced load.
Wherein, the main structure of the water and electricity microgrid comprises a hydroelectric generating set, an electric load and a balance load, namely, the sum of the active power of the balance load and the power of a load end is the output power of the hydroelectric generating set, when the frequency fluctuation caused by the imbalance of the output of the hydroelectric generating set and the power of the load end is adjusted through the balance load, the duty ratio of the balance load is adjusted to a according to the frequency of the water and electricity microgrid, a = P1/P2, wherein,
U d the method comprises the steps that voltage of a balanced load is obtained by monitoring of a microgrid parameter monitoring module, R is a resistor in the balanced load, the maximum input amount of the balanced load is represented by the formula, the input amount of the balanced load is controlled by a regulator, and when the hydropower microgrid has no large power shortage, the frequency of the hydropower microgrid is regulated to the duty ratio a of the balanced load, so that power balance can be achieved.
According to the technical scheme, the power shortage of the hydropower microgrid and the frequency of the hydropower microgrid are monitored in real time through the microgrid parameter monitoring module, when the regulator determines that the power shortage is smaller than a first preset value, namely the power generated by the hydropower microgrid is smaller than the power consumed by the load and the power shortage is larger than 0, the at least one hydropower unit is put into operation by controlling the at least one switch in an open state to be closed, or the duty ratio of a balanced load is adjusted to reduce or eliminate the power shortage, or when the regulator determines that the power shortage is larger than a second preset value, namely the power generated by the hydropower microgrid is larger than the power consumed by the load and the power shortage is smaller than 0, the at least one switch in a close state is controlled to be opened to withdraw from the at least one hydropower unit or adjust the duty ratio of the balanced load according to the frequency of the hydropower microgrid to reduce or eliminate the power shortage, the adjusting speed of the hydropower microgrid is increased, the frequency modulation pressure of the hydropower unit is reduced, and the power supply quality is improved.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A water and electricity microgrid, characterized by comprising:
the microgrid system comprises a hydroelectric generating set module, a regulator, a microgrid parameter monitoring module, a pulse modulator, a balanced load, a load and a reactive power compensation module;
the hydroelectric generating set module comprises a plurality of hydroelectric generating sets and a plurality of switches, and the hydroelectric generating sets are connected with the switches in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the microgrid parameter monitoring module is connected with the hydroelectric generating set module, the balance load, the load and the regulator, and is used for sampling power parameters of the hydroelectric generating set module, the balance load and the load in real time and sending sampling data to the regulator;
the regulator is connected with the plurality of switches, the reactive power compensation module and the pulse modulator, the pulse modulator is connected with the balanced load, and the regulator is used for controlling the switches to be opened or closed according to the sampling data, controlling the reactive power compensation module to perform reactive power compensation according to the load power consumption condition and controlling the pulse modulator to regulate the duty ratio of the balanced load;
when the system is monitored to have large power shortage, the hydroelectric generating set is put into or cut off to realize the adjustment of active power, when the system power shortage is small, the pulse modulator is controlled to adjust the duty ratio of the balance load, and the balance load is utilized to increase or reduce the consumption of surplus power.
2. The hydroelectric microgrid of claim 1, wherein the microgrid parameter monitoring module is a data acquisition and monitoring control system.
3. The hydroelectric microgrid of claim 1, wherein the balanced loads comprise diodes, transistors and resistors;
wherein, the positive pole of the diode is connected with the emitting electrode of the transistor, the negative pole of the diode is connected with the collecting electrode of the transistor, the grid of the transistor is connected with the pulse modulator, and the resistor is connected with the diode and the transistor in series.
4. A power regulation method for a hydroelectric microgrid, for regulating the power of the hydroelectric microgrid of any of claims 1-3, comprising:
the micro-grid parameter monitoring module monitors the power shortage of the hydropower micro-grid and the frequency of the hydropower micro-grid in real time;
when the regulator determines that the frequency of the water and electricity microgrid is smaller than a first preset value, namely the power generated by the water and electricity microgrid is smaller than the power consumed by the load, the power shortage is larger than 0, at least one hydroelectric generating set is switched on by controlling the closing of at least one switch in an open state, or the duty ratio of a balanced load is regulated, so that the power shortage is reduced or eliminated, or when the frequency of the water and electricity microgrid is larger than a second preset value, namely the power generated by the water and electricity microgrid is larger than the power consumed by the load, the power shortage is smaller than 0, at least one switch in a closed state is controlled according to the power shortage of the water and electricity microgrid to be switched on to withdraw from at least one hydroelectric generating set, or the duty ratio of the balanced load is regulated, so that the power shortage is reduced or eliminated.
5. The method of regulating according to claim 4, wherein switching on at least one hydro-power generating unit by controlling at least one switch in an open state comprises:
switching m hydroelectric generating sets by controlling at least one switch in an open state to be closed;
wherein Δ P is the power deficit of the hydroelectric microgrid, P a The power of each group of hydroelectric generating sets.
6. The adjusting method according to claim 4, wherein when the adjuster determines that the frequency of the hydropower microgrid is greater than a second preset value, that is, the power generated by the hydropower microgrid is greater than the power consumed by the load, and the power shortage is less than 0, the adjuster controls at least one switch in a closed state to be opened to exit at least one hydroelectric generating set according to the power shortage of the hydropower microgrid, or adjusts the duty ratio of the balanced load, and the adjusting method comprises the following steps:
when the power deficit is less than 0 and greater than-P a Adjusting a duty cycle of the balancing load to reduce or eliminate the power deficit;
when the power shortage is less than or equal to-P a And at least one hydroelectric generating set is cut off by controlling at least one switch in a closed state to be switched off so as to reduce or eliminate the power shortage.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the power deficit is less than 0 and greater than-P a And adjusting the duty cycle of the balancing load to reduce or eliminate the power deficit, including:
and when the adjustment of the duty ratio of the balance load cannot meet the requirement of reducing the power shortage, at least one hydroelectric generating set is cut off by controlling at least one switch in a closed state to be switched off.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the power deficit is less than or equal to-P a At least one hydroelectric generating set is cut off by controlling at least one switch in a closed state to be disconnected so as to reduceA small said power deficit comprising:
closing and withdrawing the m hydroelectric generating sets by controlling at least one switch in a closed state;
wherein Δ P is the power deficit of the hydroelectric microgrid, P a And the power of each group of hydroelectric generating sets.
9. The method of adjusting of claim 4, wherein adjusting the duty cycle of the balanced load as a function of the frequency of the hydro-electric microgrid comprises:
when the power shortage is less than 0, increasing the duty ratio of the balanced load to increase the power consumption of the balanced load;
and when the power shortage is larger than 0, reducing the duty ratio of the balanced load so as to reduce the power consumption of the balanced load.
10. The method of adjusting of claim 4, wherein the adjusting of the duty cycle of the balanced load as a function of the frequency of the hydro-electric microgrid comprises:
adjusting the duty cycle of a balanced load to a, a = P1/P2 according to the frequency of the water and electricity microgrid, wherein P1 is the active power of the balanced load, and P2 is the maximum available power of the balanced load.
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