CN112446950A - Digital simulation repairing method and repairing guide plate for deformed skull - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a digital simulation repairing method and a repairing guide plate for deformed skull, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction on the deformed skull based on CT data of the deformed skull; performing three-dimensional measurement based on three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction data to obtain first index data of the deformed skull; acquiring data of a normal skull matched with the patient information; simulating to-be-cut replacement bone blocks for cutting and replacing the deformed skull based on the data of the deformed skull and the data of the normal skull matched with the information of the patient, and acquiring a bone cutting line; performing three-dimensional measurement on the skull repaired by digital simulation, acquiring and verifying second index data of the skull repaired by digital simulation, and calculating a second brain volume of the skull repaired by digital simulation verification; after the verification is passed, a repair guide plate is prepared based on the process and the result of the digital simulation repair. The invention visually reflects the three-dimensional shape of the deformed skull and reduces the risk of the repair operation.
Description
Technical Field
The specification relates to the field of skull repair, in particular to a digital simulation repair method and a repair guide plate for a deformed skull.
Background
The infantile skull deformity is characterized in that cranial sutures of a newborn are closed too early in the growth and development process, so that the cranial cavity is narrow and cannot adapt to normal development of the brain, the cranial sutures can show raised intracranial pressure, delayed development and low intelligence, and the cranial sutures are obviously different from normal people in appearance, so that great pressure is brought to patients. Therefore, patients put higher demands on the appearance and shape besides the functional requirements.
Traditional operation mainly relies on the experience of the operator, makes the judgement through patient CT image data preoperatively, implements skull piecing, amalgamation in the art, after subjective judgement amalgamation effect, uses internal fixation material to fix.
The following disadvantages exist using conventional surgery: before the operation, the operation scheme is judged and customized only through the CT image of the patient, and the CT image is two-dimensional information and cannot visually reflect the three-dimensional form of the skull, so that the operation scheme is possibly not perfect only by the two-dimensional CT image; the operation mainly depends on the experience and skill of the operator to cut, and risks of excessive cut bone pieces, improper sizes and the like can be generated; the bone block splicing effect also mainly depends on the subjective opinion of the patient and lacks the effect evaluation basis; the operator needs to adjust many times in the operation in order to reach the appearance effect, has increased the operation time, and the operation often is the operation of child general anesthesia, increases the operation time and then means increased the operation risk for the patient, if the postoperative effect is not good, can only carry out the secondary operation, brings great misery for the patient.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the embodiments of the present specification is to provide a digital simulation repair method and a repair guide plate for a deformed skull, which visually reflect the three-dimensional shape of the deformed skull and reduce the risk of repair surgery.
In order to achieve the above object, the present specification provides a digital simulation repairing method for a deformed skull, including:
performing three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction on the deformed skull based on CT data of the deformed skull;
performing three-dimensional measurement based on the three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction data to obtain first index data of the deformed skull;
reconstructing brain tissue and calculating a first brain volume;
acquiring data of a normal skull matched with the patient information based on the patient information;
simulating to-be-cut replacement bone blocks of the deformed skull to be cut and replaced based on the data of the deformed skull and the data of the normal skull matched with the patient information, and acquiring a bone cutting line;
performing three-dimensional measurement on the skull repaired by digital simulation, acquiring second index data of the skull repaired by digital simulation, and calculating a second brain volume of the skull repaired by digital simulation;
verifying whether the second index data and the second brain volume are within a preset normal range;
and if the second index data and the second brain volume are both in the preset normal range, preparing a repair guide plate based on the process and the result of digital simulation repair.
As can be seen from the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the specification, the invention intuitively reflects the three-dimensional shape of the deformed skull and reduces the risk of the repair operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a digital simulation method for repairing a deformed skull according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present specification, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification without any inventive step should fall within the scope of protection of the present specification.
As shown in fig. 1, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a digital simulation repairing method for deformed skull, the method comprising the following steps:
s102, performing three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction on the deformed skull based on CT data of the deformed skull;
s104, performing three-dimensional measurement based on three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction data to obtain first index data of the deformed skull; reconstructing brain tissue and calculating a first brain volume;
s106, acquiring data of a normal skull matched with the patient information based on the patient information; simulating to-be-cut replacement bone blocks for cutting and replacing the deformed skull based on the data of the deformed skull and the data of the normal skull matched with the information of the patient, and acquiring a bone cutting line;
s108, performing three-dimensional measurement on the digitally simulated and repaired skull, acquiring second index data of the digitally simulated and repaired skull, and calculating a second brain volume of the digitally simulated and repaired skull; verifying whether the second index data and the second brain volume are in a preset normal range;
and S110, if the second index data and the second brain volume are both in a preset normal range, preparing a repair guide plate based on the process and the result of digital simulation repair.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, three-dimensional multi-planar reconstruction and surface reconstruction are performed on the deformed skull based on CT data of the deformed skull, specifically, CT data of the deformed skull is obtained, wherein a thickness of a CT layer is not less than 1.5mm, and three-dimensional multi-planar reconstruction and surface reconstruction are performed on the deformed skull based on a bone threshold range.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first index data of the deformed skull is obtained by performing three-dimensional measurement based on the three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and the surface reconstruction data, specifically, selecting a mark point on the three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and the surface reconstruction data to perform three-dimensional measurement, and obtaining an anterior skull asymmetry index and/or an anterior cranial fossa deviation angle and/or a cockscomb anterior point, a butterfly saddle point and a butterfly bone winglet trailing edge point angulation and/or a butterfly bone winglet trailing edge point, a butterfly saddle point, an inner ear point angulation and/or an inner ear point, a butterfly saddle point, a posterior point angulation and/or a cockscomb anterior point and a butterfly bone winglet trailing edge point distance and/or an inner ear point and a butterfly bone winglet trailing edge point distance.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, data of a normal skull matched with patient information is obtained based on the patient information, specifically, a matched normal skull is searched in a normal skull database according to the sex of the patient, the age of the patient, and the shape of the deformed skull.
In some embodiments of the present specification, a to-be-cut replacement bone block of the deformed skull is cut and replaced in a simulated manner based on data of the deformed skull and data of a normal skull matched with patient information, and a bone cutting line is obtained, specifically, data of the deformed skull and data of the matched normal skull are registered based on an IPC algorithm (Iterative Closest Point algorithm), a cut plane of the deformed skull and the normal skull in a coronal plane and/or a sagittal plane and/or an axial plane is obtained based on multi-plane reconstruction, and three-dimensional difference data of the deformed skull and the normal skull is obtained based on surface reconstruction; and calculating the curvature distribution of the three-dimensional difference data, simulating to cut and replace the bone block to be cut of the deformed skull based on the curvature distribution, and acquiring a bone cutting line.
In some embodiments of the present description, based on the curvature distribution, simulating to cut and replace the bone block to be cut of the deformed skull, specifically, obtaining a first bone block closest to the curvature of the frontal tubercle of the normal skull on the deformed skull, cutting the first bone block, and moving and replacing the first bone block; a second bone block closest to the curvature of the top tubercle of a normal skull is then obtained on the deformed skull, cut and removed for replacement.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a three-dimensional measurement is performed on a digitally simulated and repaired skull, a second index data of the digitally simulated and repaired skull is obtained, and a second brain volume of the digitally simulated and repaired skull is calculated, specifically, a anterior cranial asymmetry index and/or a anterior cranial fossa deviation angle and/or an anterior coronal vertex, a butterfly saddle point and a posterior winglet edge point angulation and/or a butterfly winglet trailing edge point, a butterfly saddle point, an inner ear point angulation and/or an inner ear point, a butterfly saddle point, a posterior coronal vertex angulation and/or a distance between the anterior coronal vertex and the butterfly winglet trailing edge point and/or a distance between the inner ear point and the butterfly winglet trailing edge point and/or a second brain volume of the digitally simulated and repaired skull is calculated.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the repair guide is prepared based on the process and result of the digital simulation repair, specifically, the repair guide is configured as a hollow structure, and the shape and number of the hollow structure are respectively configured to be consistent with the shape and number of the replacement bone pieces to be cut.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the hollow structure is shaped like a semicircle.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a repair guide plate which is prepared on the basis of the digital simulation repair method of the deformed skull, the repair guide plate is of a hollow structure, and the shape and the number of the hollow structure are respectively consistent with the shape and the number of the bone blocks to be cut and replaced of the deformed skull.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shape of the hollow structure is a quasi-semicircular shape.
The digital simulation restoration method of the deformed skull is explained in detail as follows:
acquiring CT data of a patient, wherein the thickness of a CT layer is not less than 1.5mm, and performing three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction on the deformed skull of the patient according to the bone threshold range.
Selecting a mark point on three-dimensional multi-plane and surface reconstruction data to carry out three-dimensional measurement on related data, wherein the related data comprises but is not limited to an anterior cranial asymmetry index, an anterior cranial fossa deflection angle, an anterior point of a cockscomb, a butterfly saddle point and a rear edge point of a butterfly bone winglet angled, a rear edge point of the butterfly bone winglet, a butterfly saddle point, an inner ear point angled, an inner ear point, a butterfly saddle point and a rear point angled, a distance between the anterior point of the cockscomb and the rear edge point of the butterfly bone winglet, a distance between the inner ear point and the rear edge point of the butterfly bone winglet and a distance between the inner ear point and the rear point of the.
Brain tissue was reconstructed and volume was calculated.
And comparing the gender, age and skull shape of the patient with a normal skull database to search the normal skull most matched with the patient.
Registering the data of the skull of the patient with the data of the matched normal skull by an IPC (Iterative Closest Point) algorithm, and obtaining the tangent plane of the skull of the patient and the normal skull in the coronal plane, the sagittal plane and the axial plane in the multi-plane reconstruction; in the surface reconstruction data, the difference in three dimensions of the patient's skull and the normal skull can be obtained.
Firstly, finding a bone block which is most consistent with the curvature of a frontal tubercle of the normal skull on the skull of the patient, cutting the bone block, and moving and replacing the bone block of the frontal tubercle part of the patient by calculating the curvature distribution of difference data of the skull of the patient and the normal skull; then according to the same principle, replacing the bone block of the top tubercle part of the patient; and finally, performing the same operation for a plurality of times until other bone blocks of the skull of the patient are consistent with the normal skull after being moved, and finally determining the osteotomy line required by the operation.
And (4) carrying out three-dimensional measurement again on the three-dimensional data of the scheme after the bone block replacement is completed, verifying whether the re-measured related data is normal or not, and carrying out postoperative brain volume simulation calculation to ensure that the volume meets the functional requirements.
Finally, the preparation of the cutting guide plate (equivalent to the repair guide plate above) can be carried out according to a repair operation scheme completed by digital simulation. The cutting guide plate is composed of quasi-semicircular hollow structures, the hollow shapes are consistent with the shapes of the cut bone blocks, and the hollow quantity is consistent with the quantity of the cut bone blocks. When the cutting guide plate is used, an operator can fix the cutting guide plate on the skull and can cut according to the hollowed-out edges.
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention adopts a digital simulation repairing means, visually reflects the three-dimensional shape of the deformed skull, avoids the risk of excessive bone cutting, improves the efficiency of the repairing operation and reduces the risk of the repairing operation.
While the process flows described above include operations that occur in a particular order, it should be appreciated that the processes may include more or less operations that are performed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., using parallel processors or a multi-threaded environment). The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods according to embodiments of the invention.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method or device comprising the element.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, as for the method embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the apparatus embodiment, the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the partial description of the apparatus embodiment. The above description is only an example of the present specification, and is not intended to limit the present specification. Various modifications and alterations to this description will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present specification should be included in the scope of the claims of the present specification.
Claims (10)
1. A method for digitally simulating the restoration of a deformed skull, the method comprising:
performing three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction on the deformed skull based on CT data of the deformed skull;
performing three-dimensional measurement based on the three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction data to obtain first index data of the deformed skull;
reconstructing brain tissue and calculating a first brain volume;
acquiring data of a normal skull matched with the patient information based on the patient information;
simulating to-be-cut replacement bone blocks of the deformed skull to be cut and replaced based on the data of the deformed skull and the data of the normal skull matched with the patient information, and acquiring a bone cutting line;
performing three-dimensional measurement on the skull repaired by digital simulation, acquiring second index data of the skull repaired by digital simulation, and calculating a second brain volume of the skull repaired by digital simulation;
verifying whether the second index data and the second brain volume are within a preset normal range;
and if the second index data and the second brain volume are both in the preset normal range, preparing a repair guide plate based on the process and the result of digital simulation repair.
2. The digital analog restoration method of deformed skull according to claim 1,
the three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and the surface reconstruction are carried out on the malformed skull based on the CT data of the malformed skull, specifically,
and acquiring CT data of the deformed skull, wherein the thickness of a CT layer is not less than 1.5mm, and performing three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction on the deformed skull based on the bone threshold range.
3. The digital analog restoration method of deformed skull according to claim 1,
the three-dimensional measurement is carried out based on the three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and surface reconstruction data to obtain first index data of the deformed skull, specifically,
selecting a mark point on the three-dimensional multi-plane reconstruction and the surface reconstruction data for three-dimensional measurement, and obtaining an anterior cranial asymmetry index and/or an anterior cranial fossa deflection angle and/or an angulation of a cockscomb anterior point, a butterfly saddle point and a butterfly bone winglet trailing edge point and/or a butterfly bone winglet trailing edge point, a butterfly saddle point, an inner ear point angulation and/or an inner ear point, a butterfly saddle point, a butterfly bone winglet trailing edge point angulation and/or a distance between the cockscomb anterior point and the butterfly bone winglet trailing edge point and/or a distance between the inner ear point and the craniocaudal point.
4. The digital analog restoration method of the deformed skull according to claim 3,
the acquiring of the data of the normal skull matched with the patient information based on the patient information includes, specifically,
and searching the matched normal skull in a normal skull database according to the sex of the patient, the age of the patient and the shape of the deformed skull.
5. The digital analog restoration method of the deformed skull according to claim 4,
the replacement bone block to be cut of the deformed skull is simulated and cut and replaced based on the data of the deformed skull and the data of the normal skull matched with the patient information, and a bone cutting line is obtained, specifically,
registering the data of the deformed skull with the matched data of the normal skull based on an IPC algorithm, acquiring a tangent plane of the deformed skull and the normal skull in a coronal plane and/or a sagittal plane and/or an axial plane based on multi-plane reconstruction, and acquiring three-dimensional difference data of the deformed skull and the normal skull based on surface reconstruction;
and calculating the curvature distribution of the three-dimensional difference data, simulating to cut and replace the bone block to be cut of the deformed skull based on the curvature distribution, and acquiring a bone cutting line.
6. The digital analog restoration method of the deformed skull according to claim 5,
simulating to-be-cut replacement bone blocks for cutting and replacing the deformed skull based on the curvature distribution, specifically comprising,
firstly, acquiring a first bone block closest to the curvature of a frontal nodule of the normal skull on the deformed skull, cutting the first bone block, and moving and replacing the first bone block;
a second bone piece is then obtained on the deformed skull that is closest to the curvature of the top tubercle of the normal skull, cut and removed for replacement.
7. The digital analog restoration method of deformed skull according to claim 1,
the three-dimensional measurement is carried out on the skull repaired by the digital simulation, the second index data of the skull repaired by the digital simulation is obtained, and the second brain volume of the skull repaired by the digital simulation is calculated, specifically,
acquiring an anterior cranial asymmetry index and/or an anterior cranial pit deflection angle and/or a cockscomb front point, a butterfly saddle point and a butterfly bone winglet rear edge point angulation and/or a butterfly bone winglet rear edge point, a butterfly saddle point, an inner ear point angulation and/or an inner ear point, a butterfly saddle point, a rear point angulation and/or a cockscomb front point and butterfly bone winglet rear edge point distance and/or an inner ear point and craniocaudal rear point distance of the skull repaired by digital simulation, and calculating a second brain volume of the skull repaired by digital simulation.
8. The digital analog restoration method of deformed skull according to claim 1,
the process and the result of the digital simulation based repair are used for preparing the repair guide plate, specifically,
and setting the repair guide plate into a hollow structure, and setting the shape and the number of the hollow structure to be consistent with the shape and the number of the bone blocks to be cut and replaced respectively.
9. The digital analog restoration method of the deformed skull according to claim 8,
and setting the shape of the hollow structure to be similar to a semicircle.
10. A repairing guide plate, which is characterized in that,
the repair guide plate is prepared based on the digital simulation repair method of the deformed skull, according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the repair guide plate is a hollow structure, and the shape and the number of the hollow structure are respectively consistent with the shape and the number of the bone blocks to be cut and replaced of the deformed skull.
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| CN202011202835.7A CN112446950A (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Digital simulation repairing method and repairing guide plate for deformed skull |
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