CN112431645A - Power generation system and vehicle - Google Patents
Power generation system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112431645A CN112431645A CN202011429873.6A CN202011429873A CN112431645A CN 112431645 A CN112431645 A CN 112431645A CN 202011429873 A CN202011429873 A CN 202011429873A CN 112431645 A CN112431645 A CN 112431645A
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- power generation
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- carbon dioxide
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/12—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of electric gearing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/32—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines using steam of critical or overcritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a power generation system and a vehicle, relates to the technical field of power generation, and aims to solve the technical problems of complex structure and high cost of the conventional power generation system; the supercritical carbon dioxide circulating power generation device comprises a heater, wherein the heater comprises a first heating channel and a second heating channel; the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device comprises a combustion chamber, wherein the outlet end of the combustion chamber is communicated with the inlet end of the first heating channel, so that heat generated after the hydrogen and the oxygen in the combustion chamber are mixed and combusted is used for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel. The vehicle comprises the power generation system. The invention is used for simplifying the structure of the power generation system, reducing the cost and effectively improving the utilization rate of energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a power generation system and a vehicle.
Background
The supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation is a novel new energy technology, has the advantages of compactness, high efficiency and low cost, and becomes one of the hotspots of power generation and energy power industry research in recent years; in addition, the application of hydrogen energy in the field of automobiles attracts attention, and the hydrogen energy is expected to gradually replace the traditional fossil energy and becomes a novel clean energy.
In the related technology, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system comprises a compressor, a heating device and a turbine which are sequentially communicated, and further comprises a motor generator, wherein the heating device is used for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide compressed by the compressor to the working temperature of the turbine so as to enable the turbine to expand and work, and the heat energy of the supercritical carbon dioxide is converted into mechanical energy so as to enable the motor generator to convert the mechanical energy into electric energy, thereby realizing the power generation process.
However, in the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system, an additional heating device is required to heat the compressed supercritical carbon dioxide to the operating temperature of the turbine, which results in a complicated structure, high cost, and low energy utilization rate.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a power generation system and a vehicle, which are used to simplify the structure of the power generation system, reduce the cost, and effectively improve the utilization rate of energy.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention provides a power generation system, including: a supercritical carbon dioxide circulation power generation device and a hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device; the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device comprises a heater, wherein the heater comprises a first heating channel and a second heating channel; the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device comprises a combustion chamber, wherein the outlet end of the combustion chamber is communicated with the inlet end of the first heating channel, so that heat generated after hydrogen and oxygen in the combustion chamber are mixed and combusted is used for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen-heating power generation device includes a first compressor, a first motor generator, and a first turbine, when the hydrogen-heating power generation device is started, the first motor generator is configured to drive the first compressor and the first turbine to rotate, an outlet end of the first compressor is communicated with an inlet end of the combustion chamber, the first compressor is configured to compress air, an outlet end of the first heating channel is communicated with an inlet end of the first turbine, an outlet end of the first turbine is communicated with an inlet end of the combustion chamber, the first turbine is configured to perform work by expansion, and when the work performed by the first turbine is greater than a power consumption of the first compressor, the first motor generator is configured to generate power.
In an optional embodiment, the hydrogen-energy-heating power generation device further comprises a first splitter and a second splitter, the outlet end of the first heating channel is communicated with the first splitter, and the first outlet end of the first splitter is communicated with the inlet end of the first turbine; the outlet end of the first turbine is communicated with the inlet end of the second flow divider, the first outlet end of the second flow divider is communicated with the inlet end of the combustion chamber, and the second outlet end of the second flow divider is communicated with the atmosphere.
In an alternative embodiment, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power plant further comprises a cooler, a second compressor, a regenerator, and a second turbine; the regenerator comprises a first recuperative channel, a second recuperative channel and a third recuperative channel, the outlet end of the second compressor is communicated with the inlet end of the first recuperative channel, the outlet end of the first heat recovery channel is communicated with the inlet end of the second heating channel, the outlet end of the second heating channel is communicated with the inlet end of the second turbine, the outlet end of the second turbine is communicated with the inlet end of the second regenerative channel, the outlet end of the second regenerative channel is communicated with the inlet end of the cooler, the outlet end of the cooler is communicated with the inlet end of the second compressor, the second compressor is used for compressing the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second compressor, the second turbine is used for converting the heat energy of the supercritical carbon dioxide into mechanical energy, and the cooler is used for cooling the supercritical carbon dioxide in the cooler; and the second outlet end of the first flow divider is communicated with the inlet end of the third regenerative channel, and the outlet end of the third regenerative channel is communicated with the atmosphere.
In an optional implementation manner, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device further includes a rotor and a second motor generator, an impeller of the second compressor, an impeller of the second turbine, and magnetic steel of the second motor generator are all sleeved on the rotor, the second motor generator is located between the second compressor and the second turbine, and sealing members are respectively arranged between the second motor generator and the second compressor and between the second motor generator and the second turbine.
In an alternative embodiment, a cavity is arranged in the sealing element, and an end of the sealing element, which is in the radial direction of the rotor and away from the axis of the rotor, is provided with an opening communicated with the cavity; the power generation system further includes an air charging system in communication with the opening in each of the seals, the air charging system charging air into each of the cavities through the opening in each of the seals when the rotor stops rotating such that an end of each of the seals proximate the axis of the rotor engages a portion of the outer surface of the rotor for sealing a radial gap between the second compressor and the rotor along the rotor and for sealing a radial gap between the second turbine and the rotor along the rotor.
In an alternative embodiment, the seal is a hollow elastomeric seal ring.
In an alternative embodiment, the end of the hollow elastic sealing ring close to the axis of the rotor is in an O-shaped structure.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, including: the power generation system supplies power to the driving motor so that the driving motor drives the transmission mechanism to transmit power to the vehicle body.
In an alternative embodiment, the vehicle further comprises a battery pack for supplying power to the power generation system to start the power generation system when the power generation system is started; and/or the battery pack is electrically connected with the driving motor so that the driving motor drives the transmission mechanism to transmit power to the vehicle body.
Compared with the related art, the power generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the power generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the outlet end of the combustion chamber in the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device is communicated with the inlet end of the first heating channel in the heater, so that heat generated after the hydrogen and the oxygen in the combustion chamber are mixed and combusted can be used for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel, and thus, an additional heating device is not needed to be arranged for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel, the structure of the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation power generation device is simplified, the cost is reduced, in addition, the heat generated by the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device is effectively utilized, and the utilization rate of energy is improved.
In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the advantages brought by the technical features of the technical solutions described above, other technical problems that the power generation system and the vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present invention can solve, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and advantages brought by the technical features will be further described in detail in the detailed description.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system in a vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state of a part of the structure of the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation apparatus in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another state of a part of the structure of the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power plant shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the seal of FIGS. 2 and 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a diversified hydrogen refueling station provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100-a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device; 10-a heater; 101-a first heating channel;
102-a second heating channel; 11-a second compressor; 12-a second motor generator;
13-a second turbine; 14-a regenerator; 141-a first recuperation channel;
142-a second regenerative channel; 143-third regenerative channel; 15-a cooler;
151-first cooling channel; 152-a second cooling channel; 16-a rotor;
17-a seal; 18-a sealing structure; 200-hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device;
20-a combustion chamber; 21-a first compressor; 22-a first motor-generator;
23-a first turbine; 24-a first splitter; 25-a second flow splitter;
26-an ignition device; 300-driving a motor; 400-a transmission mechanism;
500-a battery pack; 600-a control device; 700-a power conditioning device;
800-carbon dioxide gas supply device; 900-high pressure hydrogen container; 1000-a cooling system;
2000-diversified gas station; 2001-hydrogen filling means; 2002-carbon dioxide filling device.
Detailed Description
In the related technology, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system comprises a compressor, a heating device and a turbine which are sequentially communicated, and further comprises a motor generator, wherein the heating device is used for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide compressed by the compressor to the working temperature of the turbine so as to enable the turbine to expand and work, and the heat energy of the supercritical carbon dioxide is converted into mechanical energy so as to enable the motor generator to convert the mechanical energy into electric energy, thereby realizing the power generation process. However, in the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system, an additional heating device is required to heat the compressed supercritical carbon dioxide to the operating temperature of the turbine, which has the technical problems of complicated structure, high cost and low energy utilization rate.
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a power generation system and a vehicle, in the power generation system, an outlet end of a combustion chamber in a hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device is communicated with an inlet end of a first heating channel of a heater in a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device, so that heat generated after hydrogen and oxygen in the combustion chamber are mixed and combusted can be used for heating supercritical carbon dioxide in a second heating channel, and thus, an additional heating device is not required to heat the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel, the structure of the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device is simplified, the cost is reduced, in addition, heat generated by the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device is effectively utilized, and the utilization rate of energy is improved.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO)2) It refers to a carbon dioxide fluid with temperature and pressure higher than the critical temperature of 31.1 ℃ and critical pressure of 7.38MPa respectively.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the power generation system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100 and a hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200; the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100 includes a heater 10, the heater 10 including a first heating passage 101 and a second heating passage 102; the hydrogen-energy heat-supply power generation device 200 comprises a combustion chamber 20, wherein the outlet end of the combustion chamber 20 is communicated with the inlet end of the first heating channel 101, so that the heat generated after the hydrogen and the oxygen in the combustion chamber 20 are mixed and combusted is used for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel 102.
Specifically, the outlet end of the combustion chamber 20 in the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200 is communicated with the inlet end of the first heating channel 101 in the heater 10, so that the heat generated after the hydrogen and oxygen are mixed and combusted in the combustion chamber 20 can be used for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel 102, and thus, the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel 102 can be heated without additionally arranging a heating device, the structure of the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation power generation device 100 is simplified, the cost is reduced, in addition, the heat generated by the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200 is effectively utilized, and the utilization rate of energy is improved.
Optionally, the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200 further includes a first compressor 21, a first turbine 23 and a first motor generator 22, an outlet end of the first compressor 21 is communicated with an inlet end of the combustion chamber 20, and in addition, the first compressor 21, the first motor generator 22 and the first turbine 23 are coaxially arranged, wherein the first motor generator 22 may be a motor or a generator, and under different working conditions, functions thereof are different; when the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200 is started, the first motor generator 22 is a motor, the motor drives the first compressor 21 and the first turbine 23 to rotate, air is compressed and boosted by the first compressor 21 and then enters the combustion chamber 20 to be mixed with hydrogen in the combustion chamber 20 according to a certain proportion, the ignition device 26 is arranged in the combustion chamber 20, the ignition device 26 ignites mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen to generate high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas such as water vapor, nitric oxide, carbon dioxide and the like, and the high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas enters the first heating channel 101 to heat the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel 102, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100 can heat the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel 102 without additionally arranging a heating device, thereby simplifying the structure of the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100, the cost is reduced, the heat generated by the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200 is effectively utilized, and the utilization rate of energy is improved.
Optionally, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100 includes a cooler 15, a second compressor 11, a heater 10, a second turbine 13, and a second motor generator 12, where the second compressor 11, the second turbine 13, and the second motor generator 12 are coaxially disposed, and when the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100 is started, the second motor generator 12 is a motor and is used to drive the second compressor 11 and the second turbine 13 to rotate, where the cooler 15 includes a first cooling channel 151 and a second cooling channel 152; in a specific implementation, an outlet end of the second compressor 11 is communicated with an inlet end of a second heating channel 102 of the heater 10, an outlet end of the second heating channel 102 is communicated with an inlet end of the second turbine 13, an outlet end of the second turbine 13 is communicated with an inlet end of a first cooling channel 151 of the cooler 15, an outlet end of the first cooling channel 151 is communicated with an inlet end of the second compressor 11, the second compressor 11 is configured to compress the supercritical carbon dioxide to a preset pressure, and after a high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas generated by the combustion chamber 20 enters the first heating channel 101, the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel 102 is heated by heat of the mixed gas, and after the temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel 102 reaches an operating temperature of the second turbine 13, the second turbine 13 expands to do work.
Optionally, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation apparatus 100 further includes a regenerator 14, the regenerator 14 includes a first regenerative channel 141, a second regenerative channel 142, and a third regenerative channel 143, an outlet end of the second compressor 11 communicates with an inlet end of the first regenerative channel 141, an outlet end of the first regenerative channel 141 communicates with an inlet end of the second heating channel 102, an outlet end of the second turbine 13 communicates with an inlet end of the second regenerative channel 142, an outlet end of the second regenerative channel 142 communicates with an inlet end of the first cooling channel 151 in the cooler 15, and an outlet end of the first cooling channel 151 communicates with an inlet end of the second compressor 11, so that the high-temperature gas generated by the second turbine 13 after expansion and work is cooled enters the cooler 15 through the second regenerative channel 142 and then enters the second compressor 11 again, thereby forming a closed cycle to avoid exhaust gas and the like to the atmosphere, clean environmental protection, in addition, because the gas temperature of second turbine 13 inflation exhaust back of doing work is higher, consequently, this high temperature gas can heat the supercritical carbon dioxide in first backheat passageway 141 in second backheat passageway 142, and the effectual heat that has utilized second turbine 13 exhaust has improved thermal utilization ratio, improves heating efficiency.
Optionally, the hydrogen-energy heat-supplying power generation device 200 further includes a first flow divider 24 and a second flow divider 25, wherein the outlet end of the first heating channel 101 and the first flow dividerThe inlet end of the flow divider 24 is communicated, the first outlet end of the first flow divider 24 is communicated with the inlet end of the first turbine 23, the second outlet end of the first flow divider 24 is communicated with the inlet end of the third regenerative channel 143, the outlet end of the third regenerative channel 143 is communicated with the atmosphere, the high-temperature gas in the first heating channel 101 divides a part of the high-temperature gas to the third regenerative channel 143 through the first flow divider 24, and the supercritical carbon dioxide in the first regenerative channel 141 can absorb the residual heat of the high-temperature gas in the third regenerative channel 143, so that the effective utilization of heat can be improved; further, a first outlet end of the first flow divider 24 is communicated with an inlet end of the first turbine 23, an outlet end of the first turbine 23 is communicated with an inlet end of the second flow divider 25, a second outlet end of the second flow divider 25 is communicated with the atmosphere, when the first turbine 23 performs expansion work, the temperature and the pressure of gas can be reduced, and the gas is divided to the combustion chamber 20 through the first outlet end of the second flow divider 25, so that the gas which enters the combustion chamber 20 again is low in temperature after passing through the heater 10, the first flow divider 24, the first turbine 23 and the second flow divider 25 to perform heat release for multiple times, and then enters the combustion chamber 20 again, the temperature near the ignition device 26 is reduced, and the occurrence of H due to overhigh temperature in the combustion chamber 20 is suppressed2And O2The pre-ignition, deflagration, or backfire occurs, improving the safety and reliability of the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200.
On the basis of the above embodiment, when the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100 is started, the second motor generator 12 is in a motor mode, the motor drives the second compressor 11 and the second turbine 13 to rotate, the supercritical carbon dioxide is compressed and boosted by the second compressor 11, enters the first heat recovery channel 141 to absorb the supercritical carbon dioxide waste heat discharged by the second turbine 13 and the waste heat of the mixed gas discharged into the third heat recovery channel 143 in the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200, then enters the second heating channel 102 to absorb the heat of the high-temperature mixed gas discharged into the first heating channel 101 from the combustion chamber 20, and after reaching the working temperature of the second turbine 13, the turbine is pushed to expand to do work, the waste heat discharged after doing work is cooled twice by the second heat recovery channel 142 and the first cooling channel 151, and returns to the second compressor 11 to enter the next cycle, when the output power of the second turbine 13 exceeds the power consumption of the second compressor 11 and reaches a preset value, the second motor generator 12 is switched to a power generation mode to convert the mechanical energy transmitted by the second turbine 13 into electric energy, thereby realizing power generation.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation apparatus 100 further includes a rotor 16, for example, a rotating member such as a rotating shaft, and the impeller of the second compressor 11, the impeller of the second turbine 13, and the magnetic steel of the second motor generator 12 are all sleeved on the rotor 16, and the second motor generator 12 is located between the second compressor 11 and the second turbine 13, and a sealing member 17 is respectively provided between the second motor generator 12 and the second compressor 11 and the second turbine 13.
A cavity is arranged in the sealing element 17, and when the sealing element 17 is installed, the sealing element 17 is respectively compressed by the shell of the second compressor 11 and the shell of the second motor generator 12, and the shell of the second turbine 13 and the shell of the second motor generator 12 in the axial direction, so that the axial sealing of the sealing element 17 is realized; the seal 17 has an opening communicating with the cavity at an end in the radial direction of the rotor 16 and away from the axis of the rotor 16; the power generation system further comprises an air charging system in communication with the openings in each seal 17, the air charging system charging air into each cavity through the openings in each seal 17 when the rotor 16 stops rotating such that an end of each seal 17 near the axis of the rotor 16 abuts a portion of the outer surface of the rotor 16 for sealing a gap between the second compressor 11 and the rotor 16 in the radial direction of the rotor 16 and for sealing a gap between the second turbine 13 and the rotor 16 in the radial direction of the rotor 16.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the sealing member 17 is a hollow elastic sealing ring, wherein one end of the hollow elastic sealing ring close to the axis of the rotor 16 is in an O-shaped structure.
By providing the end of the hollow elastic seal ring close to the axis of the rotor 16 with an O-shaped structure, the reliability of the seal 17 in the attachment of the rotor 16 can be improved.
In a concrete implementation, the sealing member 17 has a certain elasticity, and can rebound after the sealing member 17 is deformed, by providing the sealing member 17 at the abutting surface between the second compressor 11 and the second motor generator 12, and also providing the sealing member 17 at the abutting surface between the second turbine 13 and the second motor generator 12, and in addition, both ends of the second compressor 11 and the second turbine 13 are provided with sealing structures 18, wherein the sealing structures 18 can be single sealing structures such as a dry air seal, a spiral seal, a fingertip seal, a labyrinth seal, a rotational dynamic pressure seal, and the like, or composite sealing structures of the above sealing type, when the automobile normally operates, the sealing structures 18 and the rotor 16 form a dynamic pressure sealing effect due to relative rotation, as shown in fig. 2, by providing dynamic pressure sealing structures between the second compressor 11 and the second turbine 13 and the rotor 16, so as to avoid the leakage of the supercritical carbon dioxide from the radial gaps between the second compressor 11 and the second turbine 13 and the rotor 16, and at this time, a preset radial gap is provided between one end of the sealing member 17 close to the axis of the rotor 16 and the outer surface of the rotor 16, so as to ensure that the rotor 16 does not collide and interfere with the sealing member 17 when rotating, and at this time, the sealing member 17 is in a free state, and the pressure of the inner cavity is the same as the pressure in the atmosphere; when the automobile is parked for a long time, or when the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100 is stopped and does not work for a long time, that is, when the rotor 16 stops rotating, in order to avoid the leakage of the supercritical carbon dioxide caused by the disappearance of the dynamic pressure seal between the rotor 16 and the seal structure 18, as shown in fig. 3, the inflation system can be opened at this time, the inflation system is communicated with the cavity through the opening on the seal member 17, so that the partial high-pressure carbon dioxide is flushed into the cavity of the seal member 17 through the inflation system to deform the seal member 17 to an expanded state, at this time, the inflation valve of the seal member 17 is closed, one of the seal members 17 is attached and pressed to and against the outer surfaces of the second compressor 11, the second motor generator 12 and the rotor 16, and the other seal member 17 is attached and pressed to and against the outer surfaces of the second turbine, thereby avoiding the leakage of the supercritical carbon dioxide and improving the sealing performance of the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation power generation device 100; when the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation apparatus 100 is normally operated again, the discard valve of the seal member 17 is opened, the gas in the seal member 17 is discharged to the atmosphere from the opening, the seal member 17 is contracted to a free state, and the radial separation between the seal member 17 and the rotor 16 is restored to a free gap, thereby improving the sealing reliability between the second compressor 11, the second motor generator 12, and the second turbine 13 and the rotor 16.
In summary, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100 is used as a main power generation device of the power generation system, and the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200 mainly supplies heat to the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100, when the work of the first turbine 23 in the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200 is greater than the power consumption of the first compressor 21 and reaches a preset value, the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200 is also used for generating power, so that the power generation reliability and the power generation efficiency of the power generation system are improved.
In the power generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the outlet end of the combustion chamber 20 in the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200 is communicated with the inlet end of the first heating channel 101 in the heater 10, so that the heat generated after the hydrogen and the oxygen in the combustion chamber 20 are mixed and combusted can be used for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel 102, and thus, an additional heating device is not needed to be arranged for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel 102, the structure of the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation power generation device 100 is simplified, the cost is reduced, in addition, the heat generated by the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200 is effectively utilized, and the utilization rate of energy is improved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body, a driving motor 300, a transmission mechanism 400, and a power generation system provided in the first embodiment, wherein the power generation system provides power to the driving motor 300, so that the driving motor 300 can drive the transmission mechanism 400 to transmit power to the vehicle body, and drive the vehicle body to operate.
Further, the vehicle further includes a battery pack 500, and when the power generation system is started, the battery pack 500 is used to supply power to the power generation system to start the power generation system, and/or the battery pack 500 is electrically connected to the driving motor 300, so that the driving motor 300 drives the transmission mechanism 400 to transmit power to the vehicle body.
Optionally, the vehicle further comprises a control device 600, a power conditioning device 700 and a temperature control element.
In a specific implementation, when an automobile is started, the electric power regulation and control device 700 regulates and controls, and firstly switches to a power supply mode of the battery pack 500, that is, the battery pack 500 directly provides electric power for the driving motor 300 through the control device 600, so as to ensure that the automobile is started quickly, after the automobile is started, the electric power regulation and control device 700 regulates and controls, the battery pack 500 supplies power for the first motor generator 22, at this time, the first motor generator 22 is in an electric mode, so that the first motor generator 22 drives the first compressor 21 and the first turbine 23 to rotate, so that the hydrogen-energy heat-supply power generation device 200 starts to operate, when the output power of the first turbine 23 is greater than the power consumption of the first compressor 21 and reaches a preset value, the first motor generator 22 switches to a power generation mode, and the electricity generated by the hydrogen-energy heat-supply power generation device 200 can be stored in the battery pack 500 or used for; when the temperature control element detects that the carbon dioxide in the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100 is heated to a temperature higher than the supercritical temperature, the power regulation and control device 700 regulates and controls the battery pack 500 to supply power to the second motor generator 12, at this time, the second motor generator 12 is in an electric mode, the second motor generator 12 drives the second compressor 11 and the second turbine 13 to rotate, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100 starts to operate, when the output power of the second turbine 13 is greater than the power consumption of the second compressor 11 and greater than a preset value, the second motor generator 12 is switched to a power generation mode, the power generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device is directly supplied to the driving motor 300, and the redundant electric quantity can be stored in the battery pack 500 to be used for other power utilization of the vehicle.
In summary, in this vehicle, a part of the electricity output by the power generation system directly drives the driving motor 300 through the control device 600, and the motor shaft of the driving motor 300 transmits power to the driving wheels of the vehicle through the transmission mechanism 400 to drive the vehicle to move; another part of the electricity is directly stored in the battery pack 500, and the electricity stored in the battery pack 500 is mainly used for: first, it can be used as auxiliary power for the transmission 400, when the vehicle is initially started or a large power input is suddenly required, the battery pack 500 can directly allocate and supply the stored power to the driving motor 300 through the control device 600; secondly, other electric consumption equipment on the automobile can be supplied; third, when the first motor generator 22 and the second motor generator 12 need to consume electric power in the motoring mode, the battery pack 500 may reversely supply the stored electricity to the first motor generator 22 and the second motor generator 12. Under the different operating modes of car, under the different power consumption circumstances, the electric power regulation and control system regulates and controls power generation system, driving motor 300, group battery 500's electric power balance in real time, guarantees that the car is under the condition of steady operation, and whole energy and electric power distribution are reasonable, avoid extravagant to improve the effective utilization ratio of the energy and electric energy.
Further, the vehicle further comprises a carbon dioxide gas supplementing device 800, a high-pressure hydrogen containing device 900 and a cooling system 1000, wherein the carbon dioxide gas supplementing device 800 is used for supplementing carbon dioxide to the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100, and the high-pressure hydrogen containing device is used for supplying hydrogen gas to the combustion chamber 20 in the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device 200; and the cooling system 1000 is used for connecting with the second cooling channel 152 of the cooler 15 in the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device 100, and is used for cooling the supercritical carbon dioxide entering the first cooling channel 151 in the cooler 15 so as to avoid the supercritical carbon dioxide entering the second compressor 11 from being too high in temperature.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention further includes a diversified filling station 2000, which includes a hydrogen filling device 2001 and a carbon dioxide filling device 2002, wherein the hydrogen filling device 2001 is mainly used for filling high-pressure hydrogen into the high-hydrogen container device, and the carbon dioxide filling device 2002 is mainly used for filling high-pressure carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide gas supplementing device 800.
The embodiments or implementation modes in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an illustrative embodiment", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples", etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A power generation system, comprising: a supercritical carbon dioxide circulation power generation device and a hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device;
the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device comprises a heater, wherein the heater comprises a first heating channel and a second heating channel; the hydrogen energy heat supply power generation device comprises a combustion chamber, wherein the outlet end of the combustion chamber is communicated with the inlet end of the first heating channel, so that heat generated after hydrogen and oxygen in the combustion chamber are mixed and combusted is used for heating the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second heating channel.
2. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen-heating power generation device comprises a first compressor, a first motor generator and a first turbine, the first motor generator is configured to drive the first compressor and the first turbine to rotate when the hydrogen-heating power generation device is started, an outlet end of the first compressor is communicated with an inlet end of the combustion chamber, the first compressor is configured to compress air, an outlet end of the first heating channel is communicated with an inlet end of the first turbine, an outlet end of the first turbine is communicated with an inlet end of the combustion chamber, the first turbine is configured to perform work expansion, and the first motor generator is configured to generate power when the first turbine performs work larger than power consumption of the first compressor.
3. The power generation system of claim 2, wherein the hydrogen-powered thermal power generation device further comprises a first flow divider and a second flow divider, the outlet end of the first heating channel is in communication with the first flow divider, and the first outlet end of the first flow divider is in communication with the inlet end of the first turbine;
the outlet end of the first turbine is communicated with the inlet end of the second flow divider, the first outlet end of the second flow divider is communicated with the inlet end of the combustion chamber, and the second outlet end of the second flow divider is communicated with the atmosphere.
4. The power generation system of claim 3, wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power plant further comprises a cooler, a second compressor, a regenerator, and a second turbine;
the regenerator comprises a first recuperative channel, a second recuperative channel and a third recuperative channel, the outlet end of the second compressor is communicated with the inlet end of the first recuperative channel, the outlet end of the first heat recovery channel is communicated with the inlet end of the second heating channel, the outlet end of the second heating channel is communicated with the inlet end of the second turbine, the outlet end of the second turbine is communicated with the inlet end of the second regenerative channel, the outlet end of the second regenerative channel is communicated with the inlet end of the cooler, the outlet end of the cooler is communicated with the inlet end of the second compressor, the second compressor is used for compressing the supercritical carbon dioxide in the second compressor, the second turbine is used for converting the heat energy of the supercritical carbon dioxide into mechanical energy, and the cooler is used for cooling the supercritical carbon dioxide in the cooler;
and the second outlet end of the first flow divider is communicated with the inlet end of the third regenerative channel, and the outlet end of the third regenerative channel is communicated with the atmosphere.
5. The power generation system of claim 4, wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation device further comprises a rotor and a second motor generator, wherein the impeller of the second compressor, the impeller of the second turbine and the magnetic steel of the second motor generator are all sleeved on the rotor, the second motor generator is located between the second compressor and the second turbine, and a sealing member is respectively arranged between the second motor generator and the second compressor and the second turbine.
6. The power generation system of claim 5, wherein a cavity is provided in the seal, and an end of the seal, which is in a radial direction of the rotor and away from an axis of the rotor, has an opening communicating with the cavity;
the power generation system further includes an air charging system in communication with the opening in each of the seals, the air charging system charging air into each of the cavities through the opening in each of the seals when the rotor stops rotating such that an end of each of the seals proximate the axis of the rotor engages a portion of the outer surface of the rotor for sealing a radial gap between the second compressor and the rotor along the rotor and for sealing a radial gap between the second turbine and the rotor along the rotor.
7. The power generation system of claim 6, wherein the seal is a hollow elastomeric seal ring.
8. The power generation system of claim 7, wherein an end of the hollow elastomeric seal ring proximate the axis of the rotor is of an O-ring configuration.
9. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: a vehicle body, a drive motor, a transmission mechanism, and the power generation system of any one of claims 1 to 8, the power generation system supplying power to the drive motor so that the drive motor drives the transmission mechanism to transmit power to the vehicle body.
10. The vehicle of claim 9, further comprising a battery pack for powering the power generation system to start the power generation system upon starting the power generation system; and/or the battery pack is electrically connected with the driving motor so that the driving motor drives the transmission mechanism to transmit power to the vehicle body.
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| CN113374538A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-10 | 杭州杭氧膨胀机有限公司 | Operation method of hydrogen expansion generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113374538A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-10 | 杭州杭氧膨胀机有限公司 | Operation method of hydrogen expansion generator |
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