CN112406440A

CN112406440A - Air suspension and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN112406440A
Application number: CN202011367619.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈川; 吕飞翔; 唐超
Original assignee: Sany Automobile Hoisting Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sany Automobile Hoisting Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-26
Filing date: 2020-11-26
Publication date: 2021-02-26

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle air suspensions, in particular to an air suspension and a vehicle. The air suspension comprises a leaf spring (10); a fixed support (20) connected with a first end of the plate spring (10); the guide support (30) comprises a left limiting part (31) and a right limiting part (32) which limit the left and right of the second end of the plate spring (10), a moving space is formed between the left limiting part (31) and the right limiting part (32), and the second end of the plate spring (10) can move up and down in the moving space. According to the technical scheme, the second end of the plate spring can move up and down and cannot move left and right under the action of the left limiting piece and the right limiting piece, so that the condition that the axle swings due to the up-and-down jumping of the axle is effectively avoided, and the vehicle runs more stably.

Description

Air suspension and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle air suspensions, in particular to an air suspension and a vehicle.

Background

At present, the vehicle includes the frame, axle and suspension, the axle passes through air suspension and connected to the frame, air suspension includes the leaf spring, the bumper shock absorber, the gasbag, leaf spring support and lateral thrust pole, be fixed with first leaf spring and second leaf spring on the axle, the first end and the leaf spring leg joint of first leaf spring, leaf spring support and connected to the frame, the second end and the first end of lateral thrust pole of first leaf spring are connected, the second end and the connected to the frame of lateral thrust pole, be equipped with a gasbag and a bumper shock absorber between the mid portion of first leaf spring and the frame, the one end and the leaf spring leg joint of second leaf spring, leaf spring support and connected to the frame, be equipped with a gasbag between the other end of second leaf spring and the frame. When the axle jumps up and down, the length of the transverse thrust rod is fixed, and the transverse thrust rod can swing around the first end of the transverse thrust rod, so that the axle swings left and right, and the vehicle is unstable in operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide an air suspension and a vehicle, and aims to solve the problem that the vehicle is unstable in operation due to the swing of a transverse thrust rod when an axle jumps up and down in the prior art.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an air suspension comprising: a plate spring; the fixed support is connected with the first end of the plate spring; the guide support comprises a left limiting part and a right limiting part which limit the left end and the right end of the second end of the plate spring, a moving space is formed between the left limiting part and the right limiting part, and the second end of the plate spring can move up and down in the moving space.

Optionally, the guide support further includes an upper limiting member and a lower limiting member for limiting an upper limit position and a lower limit position of the second end of the plate spring, the upper limiting member is connected with the left limiting member and the right limiting member respectively, and the lower limiting member is connected with the left limiting member and the right limiting member respectively.

Optionally, the upper limiting member is located between the left limiting member and the right limiting member, and a portion of the lower limiting member is located between the left limiting member and the right limiting member.

Optionally, the left limiting part is a vertically arranged left limiting plate, the right limiting part is a vertically arranged right limiting plate, and the upper limiting part is an upper limiting plate.

Alternatively, the upper limiting plate has an arc shape curved downward in an arch shape and extending in the extending direction of the plate spring.

Optionally, the guide support further includes a top plate, the left limiting member and the right limiting member are connected to a bottom surface of the top plate, and the upper limiting member is located below the top plate.

Optionally, the guide support further includes a reinforcing plate, the reinforcing plate is located between the left limiting part and the right limiting part, and the reinforcing plate is connected with the left limiting part, the right limiting part, the upper limiting part and the top plate respectively, and/or the guide support further includes a reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing rib is connected to the outer side surface and/or the inner side surface of the left limiting part and the right limiting part, and the top of the reinforcing rib is connected to the bottom surface of the top plate.

Optionally, the second end of the leaf spring has a stop which cooperates with a side of the guide support remote from the first end of the leaf spring to prevent the second end of the leaf spring from sliding out of the movement space.

Optionally, the second end of the leaf spring has a downwardly extending lower stop that cooperates with a side of the lower stop remote from the first end of the leaf spring, the lower stop forming the stop, and/or the second end of the leaf spring has an upwardly extending upper stop that cooperates with a side of the upper stop remote from the first end of the leaf spring, the upper stop forming the stop.

The present invention also provides a vehicle comprising: the air suspension described above.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the first end of the plate spring is connected with the vehicle frame through the fixed support, the second end of the plate spring is connected with the vehicle frame through the guide support, and the part between the first end and the second end of the plate spring is positioned on the vehicle axle. When the axle is jumped from top to bottom, under the effect of left locating part and right locating part, the second end of leaf spring can reciprocate between the left locating part and the right locating part of direction support, can not remove about, effectively avoids the wobbling condition of causing the axle because of the jump from top to bottom of axle, and the vehicle operation is more stable.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an air suspension and axle combination provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic front view of a guide bracket of the air suspension of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the guide support of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows a partial schematic view of the leaf spring and guide mount of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows a front schematic view of the leaf spring of FIG. 1;

figure 6 shows a partial schematic view of the air suspension and frame of figure 1.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a plate spring; 11. a lower baffle plate; 12. a first connection hole; 13. a second connection hole; 20. a fixed support; 30. a guide support; 31. a left limit piece; 32. a right limit piece; 33. an upper limiting member; 34. a lower retainer; 35. a top plate; 36. a reinforcing plate; 37. reinforcing ribs; 41. a stabilizer bar; 42. a suspension arm; 43. connecting the shaft sleeve; 51. a shock absorber; 52. an air bag; 61. rolling and pinning; 70. an axle; 80. a vehicle frame.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the vehicle running, are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the air suspension of the present embodiment includes: a plate spring 10, a fixed support 20 and a guide support 30; the fixed support 20 is connected with a first end of the plate spring 10; the plate spring comprises a left limiting part 31 and a right limiting part 32 which limit the left and the right of the second end of the plate spring 10, a moving space is formed between the left limiting part 31 and the right limiting part 32, and the second end of the plate spring 10 can move up and down in the moving space.

With the air suspension of the present embodiment, the first end of the leaf spring 10 is connected to the vehicle frame 80 via the fixing mount 20, the second end of the leaf spring 10 is connected to the vehicle frame 80 via the guide mount 30, and the portion of the leaf spring 10 between the first and second ends is located on the vehicle axle 70. When the axle 70 is jumped up and down, under the action of the left limiting piece 31 and the right limiting piece 32, the second end of the plate spring 10 can move up and down and cannot move left and right between the left limiting piece 31 and the right limiting piece 32 of the guide support 30, so that the condition of swinging of the axle caused by the up-and-down jumping of the axle is effectively avoided, and the vehicle runs more stably.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the guide holder further includes an upper limiting member 33 and a lower limiting member 34 for limiting an upper limit position and a lower limit position of the second end of the plate spring 10, the upper limiting member 33 is connected to the left limiting member 31 and the right limiting member 32, and the lower limiting member 34 is connected to the left limiting member 31 and the right limiting member 32. The upper limiting piece 33 and the lower limiting piece 34 limit the upper limiting position and the lower limiting position of the plate spring 10 in the vertical moving mode respectively, the limiting structure in the shock absorber can be omitted, and the failure rate of the shock absorber is reduced. As an alternative embodiment, the upper limiting member 33 is not connected to the left limiting member 31 and the right limiting member 32, respectively, and the lower limiting member 34 is not connected to the left limiting member 31 and the right limiting member 32, respectively, at this time, the left limiting member 31, the right limiting member 32, the upper limiting member 33, and the lower limiting member 34 are connected to the vehicle frame, respectively.

In the present embodiment, the upper stopper 33 is located between the left stopper 31 and the right stopper 32, and a part of the lower stopper 34 is located between the left stopper 31 and the right stopper 32. As an alternative embodiment, the upper limiting member 33 may be located above the left limiting member 31 and the right limiting member 32, and the lower limiting member 34 may be located below the left limiting member 31 and the right limiting member 32.

In this embodiment, left locating part 31 is the left limiting plate of vertical setting, and right limiting part 32 is the right limiting plate of vertical setting, and last limiting part 33 is last limiting plate, forms the locating part through panel, simple structure, and processing is convenient, reduces manufacturing cost. As an alternative embodiment, the upper limiting member is an upper limiting pin, each of the left limiting member 31 and the right limiting member 32 includes a plurality of limiting strips sequentially arranged from bottom to top, each of the limiting strips extends in the front-back direction, and the distance between two adjacent limiting strips is greater than the thickness of the second end of the plate spring 10.

The upper surface of leaf spring 10 is the arc of decurrent hunch-up bending, when last limiting plate is the flat board, the in-process of leaf spring 10 up-and-down motion can collide with the edge of last limiting plate, can cause the damage to last limiting plate for a long time, the life of direction support is shorter, in order to prolong the life of direction support, in this embodiment, it is the arc of decurrent hunch-up bending and extension along the extending direction of leaf spring to go up the limiting plate, the upper surface of leaf spring 10 and the lower arcwall face smooth contact of last limiting plate when leaf spring 10 up-and-down motion, avoid causing the condition of damage to last limiting plate effectively, wherein, the extending direction of leaf spring is the fore-and-aft direction of air suspension.

In this embodiment, the guide support 30 further includes a top plate 35, the left stopper 31 and the right stopper 32 are attached to a bottom surface of the top plate 35, and the upper stopper 33 is located below the top plate 35. The frame 80 comprises a longitudinal beam, the top plate 35 is connected with the longitudinal beam, the guide support can be matched with the bottom of the longitudinal beam only through the top plate 35, the connection is simple and convenient, and the assembly efficiency is improved. As an alternative embodiment, no top plate is provided, and the left limit plate is connected with the left side of the longitudinal beam and the right limit plate is connected with the right side of the longitudinal beam.

In this embodiment, the guide support 30 further includes a reinforcing plate 36, the reinforcing plate 36 is located between the left limiting member 31 and the right limiting member 32, the reinforcing plate 36 is connected to the left limiting member 31, the right limiting member 32, the upper limiting member 33, and the top plate 35, and the reinforcing plate 36 can enhance the structural strength of the guide support 30, so as to improve the structural stability.

In this embodiment, the guide support 30 further includes a reinforcing rib 37, the reinforcing rib 37 is connected to the outer side surfaces of the left limiting member 31 and the right limiting member 32, and the top of the reinforcing rib 37 is connected to the bottom surface of the top plate 35, so that the reinforcing rib 37 can enhance the structural strength of the guide support 30, and the structure is more stable and reliable. As an alternative embodiment, the reinforcing rib 37 is attached to the inner side surfaces of the left and

right stoppers

31 and 32, or the reinforcing rib 37 is attached to the outer and inner side surfaces of the left and

right stoppers

31 and 32.

In this embodiment, the lower limiting piece 34 is a lower limiting pin, and the left limiting plate and the right limiting plate are provided with connecting holes connected with the lower limiting pin. As an alternative embodiment, the lower retainer is a lower retainer plate.

In this embodiment, the second end of the leaf spring 10 has a stopper which cooperates with a side of the guide holder 30 remote from the first end of the leaf spring 10 to prevent the second end of the leaf spring 10 from sliding out of the movement space, and the stopper acts as a stopper when the axle 70 moves forward, preventing the leaf spring 10 from sliding out of the guide holder 30.

In this embodiment, the second end of the leaf spring 10 has a downwardly extending lower stop 11, the lower stop 11 cooperating with a side of the lower stop 34 remote from the first end of the leaf spring 10, the lower stop 11 forming a stop. The part of the second end of the plate spring 10 is bent downwards to form the lower baffle 11, so that the processing is convenient, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. The lower baffle 11 is located at the rear side of the lower limit pin. In the vertical direction, the height of the lower baffle 11 is greater than the minimum distance between the upper limit pin and the upper limit plate. As an alternative embodiment, the second end of the leaf spring 10 has an upper stop extending upwards, which can cooperate with the side of the upper limiting member 33 remote from the first end of the leaf spring 10, which forms a stop, and a part of the second end of the leaf spring 10 is bent upwards forming an upper stop, or alternatively, a lower stop and an upper stop form a stop.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the air suspension further includes a stabilizer bar 41 having a U-shape and two suspension arms 42, the stabilizer bar 41 is located below the plate spring 10 and both ends of the stabilizer bar 41 are respectively connected to the lower ends of the two suspension arms 42 in a one-to-one correspondence, the stabilizer bar 41 is adapted to be connected to the vehicle axle 70, and the suspension arms 42 are located outside the plate spring 10 and the upper ends thereof are adapted to be connected to the vehicle frame 80. The provision of the stabilizer bar 41 and the two suspension arms 42 can increase the vehicle roll rigidity. Stabilizer bar 41 opens toward fixed mount 20, and both ends of stabilizer bar 41 are connected to vehicle frame 80 via suspension arms 42, respectively, and the cross bar of stabilizer bar 41 is connected to vehicle axle 70 via connecting bushing 43.

In the present embodiment, the air suspension further includes a damper 51, and the damper 51 is connected to a portion between the first and second ends of the plate spring 10. The damper 51 is connected to the plate spring 10 by a bushing and a pin. One end of the lowermost spring plate of the plate spring 10 is bent downward to form a second connection hole 13, and a pin shaft is disposed in the second connection hole 13 and the shaft sleeve. Shock absorber 51 is located on the rear side of axle 70 and boom 42 is located on the front side of axle 70.

In this embodiment, the air suspension further includes an air bag 52, the air bag 52 being located on one side of the leaf spring 10 and adapted to be connected between the vehicle frame 80 and the vehicle axle 70. The upper and lower ends of the air bag 52 are secured to the frame 80 and the axle 70, respectively. The top of the air bag 52 is provided with a connecting plate which is connected with the frame 80 through bolts and nuts. The bottom of the air bag 52 is provided with a tie rod that is connected to the axle 70.

In the present embodiment, the fixing base 20 and the first end of the plate spring 10 are fixed by the winding pin 61, and the winding pin 61 is fixed easily, thereby improving the assembling efficiency. The uppermost two-layered spring plate of the plate spring 10 is bent upward to form the first connection hole 12, and the coil pin 61 is located in the first connection hole 12. Of course, the fixing support and the plate spring may be fixed in a fixed manner, and are not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, the fixing mount 20 is a front mount, the guide mount 30 is a rear mount, the front end of the plate spring 10 is connected to the frame 80 through the front mount, and the rear end of the plate spring 10 is connected to the frame 80 through the rear mount. The plate spring 10 is made of steel.

The present invention also provides a vehicle comprising: the air suspension described above. When the vehicle runs on a good road surface, the air suspension is carried by the air bag, so that the comfort of the vehicle running at a higher speed is improved; when the vehicle runs on a poor construction site road surface, the air suspension is acted by the air bag and the plate spring at the same time, so that the air bag is prevented from bearing great load and the service life of the air bag is prevented from being influenced.

In the present embodiment, the vehicle axle 70 is a front axle. The vehicle is a crane. As an alternative embodiment, the vehicle is a commercial vehicle or the like.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

the guide support 30 is arranged at the rear end of the plate spring 10, the left and right sides of the plate spring 10 are limited by the left and right limiting plates, the upper limiting position of the rear end of the plate spring 10 is limited by the arc-shaped upper limiting plate, and the lower limiting position of the rear end of the plate spring 10 is limited by the lower limiting pin, so that the vehicle is guaranteed to be borne by the air bag 52 when the vehicle runs on a good road surface, and borne by the air bag 52 and the plate spring 10 simultaneously when the vehicle runs on a poor road surface. The air suspension adopts the guide support 30 to replace a transverse thrust rod in the prior art, so that the problem of unstable vehicle operation caused by the swinging of the transverse thrust rod when the axle jumps up and down is effectively solved, the structural arrangement of the air suspension is more reasonable after the transverse thrust rod is cancelled, and the whole vehicle is convenient to arrange.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An air suspension, comprising:

a plate spring (10);

a fixed support (20) connected to a first end of the plate spring (10);

the guide support (30) comprises a left limiting part (31) and a right limiting part (32) which limit the left and right of the second end of the plate spring (10), a moving space is formed between the left limiting part (31) and the right limiting part (32), and the second end of the plate spring (10) can move up and down in the moving space.

2. The air suspension according to claim 1, wherein the guide bracket further comprises an upper limiting member (33) and a lower limiting member (34) which limit an upper limit position and a lower limit position of the second end of the plate spring (10), the upper limiting member (33) being connected to the left limiting member (31) and the right limiting member (32), respectively, and the lower limiting member (34) being connected to the left limiting member (31) and the right limiting member (32), respectively.

3. The air suspension according to claim 2, wherein the upper limiting member (33) is located between the left limiting member (31) and the right limiting member (32), and a portion of the lower limiting member (34) is located between the left limiting member (31) and the right limiting member (32).

4. The air suspension according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the left stop (31) is a vertically arranged left stop plate, the right stop (32) is a vertically arranged right stop plate, and the upper stop (33) is an upper stop plate.

5. Air suspension according to claim 4, characterised in that the upper limiting plate is curved arched downwards and extends in the direction of extension of the leaf spring (10).

6. The air suspension according to claim 3, wherein the guide bracket (30) further comprises a top plate (35), the left stopper (31) and the right stopper (32) are connected to a bottom surface of the top plate (35), and the upper stopper (33) is located below the top plate (35).

7. The air suspension according to claim 6, wherein the guide support (30) further comprises a reinforcing plate (36), the reinforcing plate (36) is located between the left limiting member (31) and the right limiting member (32), the reinforcing plate (36) is respectively connected with the left limiting member (31), the right limiting member (32), the upper limiting member (33) and the top plate (35), and/or the guide support (30) further comprises a reinforcing rib (37), the reinforcing rib (37) is connected with the outer side surface and/or the inner side surface of the left limiting member (31) and the right limiting member (32), and the top of the reinforcing rib is connected with the bottom surface of the top plate (35).

8. Air suspension according to claim 2, characterized in that the second end of the leaf spring (10) has a stop which cooperates with the side of the guide abutment (30) remote from the first end of the leaf spring (10) to prevent the second end of the leaf spring (10) from sliding out of the movement space.

9. Air suspension according to claim 8, characterized in that the second end of the leaf spring (10) has a downwardly extending lower stop (11), which lower stop (11) cooperates with a side of the lower stop (34) remote from the first end of the leaf spring (10), which lower stop (11) forms the stop, and/or that the second end of the leaf spring (10) has an upwardly extending upper stop which can cooperate with a side of the upper stop (33) remote from the first end of the leaf spring (10), which upper stop forms the stop.

10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: an air suspension as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.