CN112345245A - Bearing static stiffness test device and test method thereof - Google Patents
Bearing static stiffness test device and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112345245A CN112345245A CN202011305160.9A CN202011305160A CN112345245A CN 112345245 A CN112345245 A CN 112345245A CN 202011305160 A CN202011305160 A CN 202011305160A CN 112345245 A CN112345245 A CN 112345245A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0009—Force sensors associated with a bearing
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rolling bearing measurement, and relates to a bearing static stiffness test device and a test method thereof. The rolling bearing static stiffness test device provided by the invention has the advantages of correct principle, simple structure and convenience in assembly and disassembly; the device can accurately load the rolling bearing in the radial direction, accurately position the circumferential angle of the rolling body, and has the advantages of simple and easy method for testing the static rigidity of the bearing, and accurate and reliable measured static rigidity parameters of the rolling bearing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rolling bearing measurement, and relates to a bearing static stiffness test device and a test method thereof.
Background
The static stiffness of the rolling bearing refers to the deformation resistance of the bearing under static load, is an important index for representing the working performance of the bearing, and determines the bearing capacity, dynamic performance, high-speed running stability and the like of the bearing; the rolling bearing is also a core component for bearing and transmitting force in a mechanical equipment rotor supporting system, and the rigidity characteristic of the rolling bearing can directly influence the dynamic characteristic and the vibration characteristic of the rotor system. Different rotation positions of the rolling bodies in the bearing can cause different numbers of loaded rollers in the bearing area, so that the bearing rigidity is different.
To date, although experts at home and abroad propose some experimental facilities for the static rigidity research of the rolling bearing, such as: a tensile machine loading platform is applied in a rolling bearing rigidity test device (CN208297118U), and the rolling bearing rigidity test device is provided, can realize synchronous and uniform loading of two bearings, and can apply loads in a pulling mode and a pressing mode at the same time, so that the test efficiency is improved; a high-precision rolling bearing static stiffness testing device and method (CN107462418A) adopts a hydraulic system composed of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder and a single-acting hydraulic cylinder as a direct driving element applied by axial and radial loads of a tested bearing, realizes automatic testing of the static stiffness of the rolling bearing by matching a hydraulic pump and a displacement sensor, improves the expansibility of the testing system, has high measurement precision, and can be used for accurately testing the change rules of the axial and radial static stiffness of the rolling bearing under the combined load action of the pure axial load, the pure radial load and the shaft diameter; a static rigidity measuring device (CN205843961U) of a foil type dynamic pressure air bearing obtains the deformation of the bearing by measuring the movement amount of the shaft end face of a guide rail, can improve the detection precision and has high reliability; a testing device (CN209131973U) of the bearing rigidity of a squirrel cage elastic support obtains the rigidity of the squirrel cage elastic support bearing by loading weights on a weight loading pull rod and measuring the displacement or deformation of a loading part which is coaxial with a concentrated load so as to ensure the rigidity detection quality of the bearing; a deep groove ball bearing rigidity detection device (CN207908265U) simulates the loading working condition of a real vehicle to detect the rigidity of the deep groove ball bearing, and is applicable to the rigidity detection of various deep groove ball bearings. However, from the current report, there is no bearing stiffness test device and test method for different angular positions of the rolling element in the bearing, and the bearing stiffness characteristics at different angular positions of the rolling element cannot be obtained, so it is necessary to design a reasonable bearing static stiffness test device and test method, and obtain sufficiently accurate stiffness parameter data by determining the precise positioning of the rolling element in the bearing, so as to provide a basis for the use of the rolling bearing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the static rigidity test of the rolling bearing, the invention provides a static rigidity testing machine of the bearing, which can accurately adjust the angular position of the rolling body, and provides a static rigidity testing method of the bearing under different angular positions and fault states by utilizing the device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a bearing static stiffness test device comprises a test box body 1, a variable retainer angle device 2, a main shaft 3, a supporting system 4, a loading system 5, a locking nut 6, a bearing seat 8 and a sensor system 9.
The test box body 1 comprises an upper box body 11 and a lower box body 12, wherein the upper box body 11 is a square box body with an opening at the bottom end, and the lower box body 12 is a square box body with an opening at the top end; two opposite side surfaces of the opening end of the upper box body 11 are provided with holes b113 along the lower edges, the bottoms of the other two opposite side surfaces are provided with edges, a plurality of threaded holes c112 are symmetrically arranged on the edges, and the center of the top surface of the upper box body 11 is provided with a hole a 111; the hole a111 is used for mounting the radial loading screw 51 to apply radial force; two opposite side surfaces of the opening end of the lower box body 12 are provided with holes d121 along the upper edge, the tops and the bottoms of the other two opposite side surfaces are provided with edges, the edge of the top is symmetrically provided with a plurality of threaded holes e123, and the edge of the bottom is symmetrically provided with a plurality of threaded holes f 124; after the upper box body 11 and the lower box body 12 are combined, the hole b113 and the hole d121 are combined to form a circular hole for installing the variable-holder angle device 2 and the tested bearing 7, and the main shaft 3 penetrates through the circular hole; the threaded hole c112 is matched with the threaded hole e123, and the upper box body 11 and the lower box body 12 are connected into a whole through bolts; the threaded hole f124 is used for fixing the test box 1 in cooperation with an anchor bolt.
The holder angle changing device 2 comprises a scale disc device 21, a pointer disc device 22, a buckle 23 and a holder embedded disc 24. The dial device 21 comprises a dial 211 and a bracket 212, the dial 211 is of a circular ring structure, two threaded holes g2111 are symmetrically formed in the circular ring, and the dial 211 is used for indicating the rotating angle of the retainer 71 of the tested bearing 7; the top end of the bracket 212 is provided with a threaded hole h2121, and the bottom end is provided with a threaded hole i 2122; the threaded hole g2111 is matched with the threaded hole h2121, two brackets 212 are fixed on two sides of the dial plate 211 through bolts, and the brackets 212 are used for supporting the dial plate 211; the threaded hole i2122 is matched with an anchor bolt for fixing the scale device 21. The pointer plate device 22 comprises a buckle plate 221 and a pointer 222, the buckle plate 221 comprises an upper half buckle plate and a lower half buckle plate which are both semicircular ring structures, threaded holes k2212 are formed in two ends of the upper half buckle plate, threaded holes l2213 are formed in two ends of the lower half buckle plate, and the upper half buckle plate and the lower half buckle plate are connected into a whole through the matching of the threaded holes k2212 and the threaded holes l2213 to form a circular ring structure; the middle part of the upper half part buckling disc is provided with a threaded hole j2211, the lower half part buckling disc is provided with two threaded holes j2211, the three threaded holes j2211 are symmetrically arranged, the root part of the pointer 222 is provided with a threaded hole m2221, the threaded hole j2211 of the upper half part buckling disc is matched with the threaded hole m2221, the pointer 222 is fixed on one side surface of the buckling disc 221 through a bolt, the pointer 222 and the dial 211 are coplanar, and the pointer 222 is used for indicating the rotation angle of the retainer 71; the number of the buckles 23 is three, the buckles are in an L-shaped structure, the bottom ends of the buckles are provided with a threaded hole n231, the threaded hole n231 is matched with the threaded hole j2211, and the bottom ends of the three buckles 23 are fixed on the other side surface of the buckle disc 221 through bolts; the top end of the buckle 23 is provided with a notch to make the end part retractable, and both sides of the top end are provided with buckle stop blocks 232; the retainer embedded disc 24 is of a circular ring structure, three grooves a241 are uniformly formed in one side face of the retainer embedded disc 24, a plurality of grooves b242 are uniformly formed in the other side face of the retainer embedded disc, the grooves a241 are matched with the buckle stop block 232 and used for connecting the buckle 23 and the retainer embedded disc 24, and the grooves b242 are matched with the retainer protruding block 711 of the tested bearing 7 and used for connecting the retainer embedded disc 24 and the retainer 71.
The bearing 7 to be tested is mounted on the main shaft 3, and the bearing 7 to be tested is fixed in the test box 1 through a bearing seat 8 to be tested. The middle part of the main shaft 3 is provided with a shaft shoulder b32, and the right end face of the shaft shoulder b32 is matched with the end face of the inner ring 74 of the tested bearing 7 and used for positioning the inner ring 74 of the tested bearing; the left side of the shaft shoulder b32 is provided with a shaft shoulder c33, the buckling disc 221 is clamped on the shaft shoulder c33, and the two are in small clearance fit to position the buckling disc 221; and a shaft shoulder a31 and a shaft shoulder d34 are arranged at two ends of the main shaft 3, the right end surface of the shaft shoulder d34 is matched with the end surface of the inner ring 433 of the supporting bearing and used for positioning the inner ring 433 of the supporting bearing, and the left end surface of the shaft shoulder a31 is matched with the end surface of the inner ring 433 of the supporting bearing and used for positioning the inner ring 433 of the supporting bearing.
The support system 4 comprises a support system bearing seat 41, a gland 42, a support bearing 43 and a lock nut 44, and the total number of the two support systems 4 is two, and the two support systems are respectively arranged at two ends of the main shaft 3. A shaft shoulder e411 is arranged on the inner surface of a central through hole of the bearing seat 41 of the supporting system, a plurality of threaded holes p413 are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the central through hole, and the shaft shoulder e411 is matched with the supporting bearing outer ring 431 and used for positioning the supporting bearing outer ring 431; edges are arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the bearing system bearing seat 41, threaded holes o412 are formed in the edges, and the threaded holes o412 are matched with foundation bolts to be used for fixing the bearing system bearing seat 41. The gland 42 is of a circular ring structure, a plurality of threaded holes q421 are symmetrically formed in the circular ring, the threaded holes p413 are matched with the threaded holes q421, and the gland 42 is fixed on the bearing block 41 of the supporting system through bolts; the inner side edge of the ring is provided with a flange a422 for positioning and supporting the bearing outer ring 431; the support bearing inner ring 433 is fixed to the main shaft 3 by a lock nut 44.
The loading system 5 includes a radial loading screw 51, a radial loading nut 52, and a radial force sensor 53. The bottom end of the radial loading screw 51 is fixed on the outer surface of the tested bearing seat 8, and the radial force sensor 53 is installed on the outer surface of the tested bearing seat 8 and fixed on the outer surface of the radial loading screw 51; the radial loading nut 52 is arranged on the upper part of the radial loading screw 51, the radial loading nut 52 is positioned on the upper surface of the test box body 1, and the radial loading screw 51 applies radial force to the tested bearing seat 8 by rotating the radial loading nut 52 so as to measure the radial force.
The lock nut 6 is used to fix the inner race 74 of the bearing 7 to be tested to the main shaft 3.
The inner surface of the central through hole of the tested bearing seat 8 is provided with a shaft shoulder f83 which is matched with the outer ring 72 of the tested bearing 7 and used for positioning the outer ring 72; a plurality of threaded holes r82 are symmetrically formed in the periphery of the central through hole, and a vertical radial force sensor arrangement hole 84 is formed in the bottom of the bearing seat 8 and used for arranging a third radial eddy current sensor 93; the bearing seat gland 81 is of a circular ring structure, a plurality of threaded holes s811 are symmetrically formed in the circular ring, the threaded holes r82 are matched with the threaded holes s811, and the bearing seat gland 81 is fixed on the tested bearing seat 8 through bolts; the inner side edge of the circular ring of the bearing seat gland 81 is provided with a flange b812 for positioning the outer ring 72.
The sensor system 9 includes a first radial displacement eddy current sensor 91, a second radial displacement eddy current sensor 92 and a third radial displacement eddy current sensor 93. The first radial displacement eddy current sensor 91 and the second radial displacement eddy current sensor 92 are symmetrically arranged at the radial positions of the main shaft 3 on two sides of the tested bearing seat 8, are close to the tested bearing 7, and are used for measuring the deformation of the inner ring 74 of the tested bearing 7; a third radial displacement eddy current sensor 93 is arranged in the radial force sensor arrangement hole 84 for measuring the deformation of the outer ring 72 of the bearing 7 under test.
The bearing static stiffness test method adopts the device, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the radial loading screw 51 is fixedly connected with a radial force sensor 53, the radial loading screw 51 is connected with the upper box body 11 through a radial loading nut 52, and the radial force sensor 53 is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the tested bearing seat 8. The end face of the radial loading nut 52 is adjusted to be in contact with the upper end face of the upper box body 11, the radial loading nut 52 is screwed, the distance between the tested bearing 7 and the test box body 1 is reduced through the transmission of the radial loading screw 51 and the radial force sensor 53, so that radial loading is generated, the radial force sensor 53 tests the load size in the loading process, and the first radial displacement eddy current sensor 91, the second radial displacement eddy current sensor 92 and the third radial displacement eddy current sensor 93 measure radial displacement.
Calculating radial stiffness K from the above sensor arrangementrComprises the following steps:
radial displacement y1Is the displacement measured by the first radial displacement eddy current sensor 91, radial displacement y2Is the displacement measured by the second radial displacement eddy current sensor 92, radial displacement y3Is the displacement, delta, measured by a third radial displacement eddy current sensor 93rFor relative deformation of the inner and outer races of the tested bearing 7, FrRadial force applied to the radial loading screw 51.
The invention has the advantages that:
the rolling bearing static stiffness test device provided by the invention has the advantages of correct principle, simple structure and convenience in assembly and disassembly; the device can accurately load the rolling bearing in the radial direction, accurately position the circumferential angle of the rolling body, and has the advantages of simple and easy method for testing the static rigidity of the bearing, and accurate and reliable measured static rigidity parameters of the rolling bearing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of a bearing static stiffness test device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper housing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lower housing;
fig. 5(a) is an overall schematic view of the holder angle changing device, fig. 5(b) is a schematic view of the dial device, fig. 5(c) is a schematic view of the pointer plate device, fig. 5(d) is a schematic view of the buckle, and fig. 5(e) and 5(f) are schematic views of the holder embedded plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the spindle;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a bearing seat supporting a bearing;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a gland of the support bearing;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bearing under test;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bearing seat under test;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a bearing gland of a bearing under test;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a sensor arrangement;
fig. 13(a) and 13(b) are schematic diagrams of a bearing under test with a failed roller, wherein fig. 13(a) is a diagram of a position change of the failed roller, and fig. 13(b) is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the failed roller;
FIG. 14(a) is a schematic bearing load diagram of a bearing with 3 loaded rollers in the load bearing zone, and FIG. 14(b) is a schematic bearing load diagram of a bearing with 4 loaded rollers in the load bearing zone;
figure 15 is a schematic view of the angular position of a tested bearing with a failed roller.
In the figure: 1, testing a box body; 11, an upper box body and 12 a lower box body;
111 holes a, 112 threaded holes c, 113 holes b;
121 holes d, 122 upper and lower case joining faces, 123 screw holes e, 124 screw holes f;
2 a cage angle changing device; 21 scale disc device, 22 pointer disc device, 23 buckle, 24 retainer embedded disc;
211 dial, 212 bracket, 2111 threaded holes g, 2121 threaded holes h, 2122 threaded holes i;
221 snap disk, 222 pointer, 2211 threaded hole j, 2212 threaded hole k, 2213 threaded hole l, 2214 joint face;
23, a stop block is buckled by a 231 threaded hole n and 232;
24 holder nest, 241 slots a, 242 slots b;
3, a main shaft; 31 shoulder a, 32 shoulder b, 33 shoulder c, 34 shoulder d;
4 a support system; 41 supporting system bearing seat, 42 gland, 43 supporting bearing and 44 locking nut;
411 shoulder e, 412 threaded bore o, 413 threaded bore p;
421 screw holes q, 422 rib a;
431 supporting the bearing outer ring, 432 supporting the bearing rolling body and 433 supporting the bearing inner ring;
5, loading the system; a 51 radial loading screw, a 52 radial loading nut and a 53 radial force sensor;
6, locking a nut;
7 bearing under test; 71 cage, 72 outer ring, 73 rollers, 74 inner ring, 711 cage bumps;
8, testing the bearing seat; 81 bearing gland, 82 threaded hole r, 83 shoulder f, 84 radial force sensor arrangement hole, 811 threaded hole s, 812 rib b;
9 a sensor system; 91 a first radial displacement eddy current sensor; 92 a second radial displacement eddy current sensor; 93 a third radial displacement eddy current sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of a bearing static stiffness test device in an embodiment of the invention, and fig. 2 is a sectional view thereof. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the bearing static stiffness testing device includes a testing box 1, a variable-holder angle device 2, a main shaft 3, a supporting system 4, a loading system 5, a lock nut 6, a bearing seat b8 and a sensor 9 system. When the test box body 1 is used, the outer ring 72 of the tested bearing 7 is arranged in the tested bearing seat 8, the bearing gland 81 and the bearing seat 8 are fixedly connected through bolts, the bearing gland 81 fixes the outer ring 72 of the tested bearing 7, and the inner ring 74 is sleeved on the main shaft 3 and is axially fixed by the shaft shoulder b32 and the lock nut 6; the lock nut 6 is screwed into the spindle 3 and used for fixing the inner ring 74 of the tested bearing 7; the variable-holder angle device 2 is used for changing the circumferential angle of a rolling body during the static rigidity test of a bearing, the buckle disc 221 is in small clearance fit with a shaft shoulder c33 of the main shaft 3, the buckle 23 is fixedly connected with the buckle disc 221 through a threaded hole n231, the buckle 23 is in fit connection with the holder embedded disc 24 through buckle stoppers 232 at two sides of the top end and a groove a241, and the holder embedded disc 24 is matched with the holder projection 711 through a groove b242 to fix the holder embedded disc 24; the threaded hole g2111 is matched with the threaded hole h2121, the two brackets 212 are fixed on two sides of the dial 211 through bolts, and the threaded hole i2122 is matched with an anchor bolt for fixing the dial device 21. The left end and the right end of the main shaft 3 are supported by a supporting system 4; the bearing outer ring 431 is arranged in the bearing support 41, the bearing cover 42 and the bearing support 41 of the bearing system are fixedly connected through bolts, the bearing cover 42 fixedly supports the bearing outer ring 431, and the inner ring 433 is sleeved on the main shaft 3 and axially fixed by a left shoulder d34 of the main shaft 3 and a lock nut 44; a locking nut 44 is screwed into the spindle 3 for fixedly supporting the bearing inner ring 433 (the right end is the same); the loading system 5 is used for applying radial load to the tested bearing 7, and the sensor 9 is used for testing the displacement of the tested bearing 7.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an upper box 11 of the bearing static stiffness testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a schematic view of a lower box 12 of the bearing static stiffness testing device in the embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the test case 1 includes an upper case 11 and a lower case 12, and the upper case 11 and the lower case 12 are connected by bolts to form the test case 1. In a specific embodiment, the bottom of two opposite sides of the upper box body 11 is provided with edges, the edges are symmetrically provided with a plurality of threaded holes c112, and correspondingly, the top edge of the lower box body 12 is symmetrically provided with a plurality of threaded holes e123, the threaded holes c112 are matched with the threaded holes e123, the upper box body 11 and the lower box body 12 are connected into a whole through bolts, and an upper box body combining surface 122 and a lower box body combining surface 122 are formed between the upper box body 11 and the lower box body 12; the threaded holes f124 are used in cooperation with anchor bolts to fix the test chamber 1.
Fig. 5(a) is an overall schematic view of a holder angle changing device in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5(b) is a schematic view of a dial device, fig. 5(c) is a schematic view of a pointer plate device, fig. 5(d) is a schematic view of a snap, and fig. 5(e) and 5(f) are schematic views of a holder embedded plate. Referring to fig. 5(a), 5(b), 5(c), 5(d), 5(e) and 5(f), in the present embodiment, the holder angle changing means includes a dial means 21, a pointer plate means 22, a catch 23 and a holder nest 24. In a specific embodiment, the dial device 21 is matched with an anchor bolt through a hole i2122 to fix the dial device 21, the pointer plate device 22 is matched with the spindle 3 through a shaft shoulder c33 in a small clearance mode, the buckle 23 is fixed with the threaded hole j2211 through a bolt connection threaded hole n231, and the retainer embedded plate 24 is fixedly connected with the retainer 71 through a groove b 242.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the spindle in the embodiment of the present invention, in the embodiment, the spindle 3 includes a shoulder a31, a shoulder b32, a shoulder c33, and a shoulder d 34. The shoulder a31 is arranged at the right end of the main shaft 3, the shoulder d34 is arranged at the left end of the main shaft 3, and the shoulder a31 is used for positioning and supporting the inner ring 431 of the bearing (the shoulder d34 works in the same way); the middle part of the main shaft 3 is provided with a shaft shoulder b32 for positioning the inner ring 74 of the tested bearing 7; on the left side of shoulder b32, shoulder c33 is provided for a small clearance fit with the snap disk to allow rotation of snap disk 221 on spindle 3.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a bearing seat in the support system in the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 8 is a schematic view of a gland in the support system in the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, 7 and 8, in the present embodiment, the support system includes a support system bearing housing 41, a gland 42, a support bearing 43 and a lock nut 44. The shaft shoulder e411 is used for positioning and supporting the bearing outer ring 431, and the right end face of the bearing seat is provided with a threaded hole p413 for fixing the bearing cover 42; holes o412 are formed in the edges of the two sides of the bottom of the bearing seat and are matched with foundation bolts to fix the supporting system 4. The bearing gland threaded hole q421 is matched with the bearing seat threaded hole p413 for fixing the bearing gland 42, and the flange a422 is used for positioning the outer ring 431.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a bearing to be tested according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 10 is a schematic view of a bearing seat to be tested according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 11 is a schematic view of a bearing gland to be tested according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the bearing to be tested 7 includes a cage 71, an outer ring 72, rolling bodies 73, and an inner ring 74. The bearing seat 8 to be tested is provided with a bearing seat threaded hole r82, a shoulder f83 and a radial force sensor arrangement hole 84. Wherein the bearing seat screw hole r82 is arranged on the right end face of the bearing seat for fixing the bearing seat cover 81, the radial force sensor arrangement hole 84 is arranged on the lower end face of the bearing seat for arranging the third radial displacement eddy current sensor 93, and the shoulder f83 is arranged on the inner end face of the bearing seat for positioning the outer ring 72 of the tested bearing 7. The bearing cover 81 includes a rib b812, the rib b812 being used to position the outer race 72, and a bearing cover screw hole s811 cooperating with a bearing housing screw hole r82 for fixing the bearing cover 81.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a sensor arrangement system in an embodiment of the present invention, in which sensors are disposed inside a test chamber 1, and include a first radial displacement eddy current sensor 91, a second radial displacement eddy current sensor 92, and a third radial displacement eddy current sensor 93. The first radial displacement eddy current sensor 91 and the second radial displacement eddy current sensor 92 are used for measuring the deformation of the inner ring 74 of the tested bearing 7, are symmetrically arranged at suitable radial positions of the main shaft 3 on the left side and the right side of the bearing seat, are 0.3-0.5cm away from the bearing seat 3, and are 0.3-0.5cm away from the main shaft 3; the third radial displacement eddy current sensor 93 for measuring the deformation of the outer ring 72 of the bearing 7 under test is disposed at a proper position within the radial force sensor arrangement hole 84.
Fig. 13(a) and 13(b) are schematic views of a bearing under test with a failed roller according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 13(a) is a diagram showing a change in the position of the failed roller, and fig. 13(b) is a partially enlarged schematic view of the failed roller. In this embodiment, when the rolling element is defective, the position of the failed roller in the bearing has different influence on the bearing stiffness, and as shown in fig. 13(a) and fig. 14(a), phi is the bearing load area, the failed roller rotates from the position a of the non-load area to the position b of the load area in fig. 14(a), the contact elastic deformation amount of the roller and the inner and outer races caused by the failed roller is different from the contact elastic deformation amount of the roller and the inner and outer races caused by the normal roller, so that the bearing stiffness is different, therefore, the different positions of the failed roller in the bearing are adjusted by the retainer adjusting device, and a bearing stiffness test is performed to study the bearing stiffness variation law of the failed roller at different circumferential positions.
Fig. 14(a) is a bearing load diagram of a bearing with 3 loaded rollers in the load bearing zone, and fig. 14(b) is a bearing load diagram of a bearing with 4 loaded rollers in the load bearing zone. With reference to fig. 14(a) and 14(b), Φ is a bearing loading region of the bearing, as shown in fig. 14(a), the number of loaded rollers in the bearing region is 3, as shown in fig. 14(b), the number of loaded rollers in the bearing region is 4, and as the number of loaded rollers in the bearing region is different, the radial stiffness of the bearing is also different, so that it is necessary to adjust different positions of the rollers in the bearing by the cage adjusting device, and perform a stiffness test to obtain a bearing stiffness variation law under different numbers of loaded rollers.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the angular position of the tested bearing with failed rollers according to the embodiment of the present invention, in combination with fig. 5(a), 5(b), 5(c), 5(d) and 5(e), the snap disc 221 connects the upper part of the snap disc and the lower part of the snap disc into a whole through the engagement of the threaded hole k2212 and the threaded hole l2213, forming a circular ring structure, engaging with the shoulder c33 of the spindle 3 with a small clearance, so that the snap disc 221 can rotate on the spindle 3; the pointer 222 is matched with the screw hole m2221 and the screw hole j2211, is fixed on one side surface of the buckle disk 221 through a bolt and is coplanar with the dial 211, and the pointer 222 can indicate the rotating angle on the dial 211 when the buckle disk 221 rotates; the number of the buckles 23 is three, the threaded hole n231 at the bottom end of each buckle 23 is matched with the threaded hole j2211 on the buckle disc 221, and the bottom ends of the three buckles 23 are fixed on the other side surface of the buckle disc 221 through bolts, so that the buckle disc 221 is driven to rotate on the main shaft 3 when the buckle 23 rotates; the top end of the buckle 23 is provided with a notch to make the end part retractable, and both sides of the top end are provided with buckle stop blocks 232; the retainer embedded disc 24 is of a circular ring structure, one side surface of the retainer embedded disc 24 is uniformly provided with three grooves a241, the other side surface of the retainer embedded disc is uniformly provided with a plurality of grooves b242, and the grooves a241 are matched with the buckle stop block 232 and are used for connecting the buckle 23 and the retainer embedded disc 24, so that the buckle 23 drives the retainer embedded disc 24 to rotate when rotating; the groove b242 is matched with the retainer lug 711 of the tested bearing 7 and is used for connecting the retainer embedded disc 24 with the retainer 71, so that the retainer embedded disc 24 drives the retainer 71 to rotate when rotating; the rollers 73 are mounted within the cage 71 so that rotation of the cage 71 causes rotation of the rollers 72. As can be seen from the above, when the catch 23 is manually rotated, the angle of the roller 73 can be changed. The rollers 73 are mounted in the retainer 71, and the rotation angles of the rollers and the retainer 71 are the same, so that the rotation angle of the rollers 73 is the rotation angle of the retainer 71. Referring to fig. 13(a), the faulty roller can rotate from position a to position b, and the angle of rotation of the faulty roller can be known from the indication of the pointer 222 on the dial 211, so that the precise location of the faulty roller in the bearing can be determined. Through the above description, the rigidity test analysis of the variable fault rolling element bearing can be developed.
Claims (2)
1. A bearing static stiffness test device is characterized by comprising a test box body (1), a variable retainer angle device (2), a main shaft (3), a supporting system (4), a loading system (5), a locking nut (6), a bearing seat (8) and a sensor system (9);
the test box body (1) comprises an upper box body (11) and a lower box body (12), wherein the upper box body (11) is a square box body with an opening at the bottom end, and the lower box body (12) is a square box body with an opening at the top end; two opposite side surfaces of the opening end of the upper box body (11) are provided with holes b (113) along the lower edges, the bottoms of the other two opposite side surfaces are provided with edges, a plurality of threaded holes c (112) are symmetrically arranged on the edges, and the center of the top surface of the upper box body (11) is provided with a hole a (111); the hole a (111) is used for installing a radial loading screw rod (51) so as to exert radial force; two opposite side surfaces of the opening end of the lower box body (12) are provided with holes d (121) along the upper edge, the tops and the bottoms of the other two opposite side surfaces are provided with edges, the edge of the top is symmetrically provided with a plurality of threaded holes e (123), and the edge of the bottom is symmetrically provided with a plurality of threaded holes f (124); after the upper box body (11) and the lower box body (12) are combined, the hole b (113) and the hole d (121) are combined into a circular hole for installing the variable-holder angle device (2) and the tested bearing (7), and the main shaft (3) penetrates through the circular hole; the threaded hole c (112) is matched with the threaded hole e (123), and the upper box body (11) and the lower box body (12) are connected into a whole through bolts; the threaded hole f (124) is matched with the foundation bolt to fix the test box body (1);
the holder angle changing device (2) comprises a dial device (21), a pointer device (22), a buckle (23) and a holder embedded disc (24); the dial device (21) comprises a dial (211) and a bracket (212), the dial (211) is of a ring structure, two threaded holes g (2111) are symmetrically formed in the ring, and the dial (211) is used for indicating the rotating angle of a retainer (71) of the tested bearing (7); the top end of the bracket (212) is provided with a threaded hole h (2121), and the bottom end is provided with a threaded hole i (2122); the threaded hole g (2111) is matched with the threaded hole h (2121), two brackets (212) are fixed on two sides of the dial (211) through bolts, and the brackets (212) are used for supporting the dial (211); the threaded hole i (2122) is matched with the foundation bolt to fix the dial device (21); the pointer disc device (22) comprises a clamping disc (221) and a pointer (222), the clamping disc (221) comprises an upper half clamping disc and a lower half clamping disc which are both semicircular ring structures, threaded holes k (2212) are formed in two ends of the upper half clamping disc, threaded holes l (2213) are formed in two ends of the lower half clamping disc, and the upper half clamping disc and the lower half clamping disc are connected into a whole through the matching of the threaded holes k (2212) and the threaded holes l (2213) to form a circular ring structure; the middle of the upper half part of the buckle disc is provided with a threaded hole j (2211), the lower half part of the buckle disc is provided with two threaded holes j (2211), the three threaded holes j (2211) are symmetrically arranged, the root of the pointer (222) is provided with a threaded hole m (2221), the threaded hole j (2211) of the upper half part of the buckle disc is matched with the threaded hole m (2221), the pointer (222) is fixed on one side surface of the buckle disc (221) through a bolt, so that the pointer (222) and the dial (211) are coplanar, and the pointer (222) is used for indicating the rotation angle of the retainer (71); the number of the buckles (23) is three, the buckles are of an L-shaped structure, the bottom ends of the buckles are provided with threaded holes n (231), the threaded holes n (231) are matched with the three threaded holes j (2211), and the bottom ends of the three buckles (23) are fixed on the other side surface of the buckle disc (221) through bolts; the top end of the buckle (23) is provided with a notch to make the end part retractable, and both sides of the top end are provided with buckle stop blocks (232); the retainer embedded disc (24) is of a circular ring structure, one side face of the retainer embedded disc (24) is uniformly provided with three grooves a (241), the other side face of the retainer embedded disc is uniformly provided with a plurality of grooves b (242), the grooves a (241) are matched with the buckle stop block (232) and used for connecting the buckle (23) and the retainer embedded disc (24), and the grooves b (242) are matched with the retainer convex block (711) of the tested bearing (7) and used for connecting the retainer embedded disc (24) and the retainer (71);
the tested bearing (7) is arranged on the main shaft (3), and the tested bearing (7) is fixed in the test box body (1) through a tested bearing seat (8); a shaft shoulder b (32) is arranged in the middle of the main shaft (3), and the right end face of the shaft shoulder b (32) is matched with the end face of an inner ring (74) of the tested bearing (7) and used for positioning the inner ring (74) of the tested bearing; the left side of the shaft shoulder b (32) is provided with a shaft shoulder c (33), the buckling disc (221) is clamped on the shaft shoulder c (33), and the shaft shoulder c and the buckling disc are in small clearance fit to position the buckling disc (221); a shaft shoulder a (31) and a shaft shoulder d (34) are arranged at two ends of the main shaft (3), the right end face of the shaft shoulder d (34) is matched with the end face of the supporting bearing inner ring (433) and used for positioning the supporting bearing inner ring (433), and the left end face of the shaft shoulder a (31) is matched with the end face of the supporting bearing inner ring (433) and used for positioning the supporting bearing inner ring (433);
the supporting system (4) comprises a supporting system bearing seat (41), a gland (42), a supporting bearing (43) and a locking nut (44), and the two supporting systems (4) are arranged at two ends of the main shaft (3) respectively; a shaft shoulder e (411) is arranged on the inner surface of a central through hole of a bearing seat (41) of the supporting system, a plurality of threaded holes p (413) are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the central through hole, and the shaft shoulder e (411) is matched with a supporting bearing outer ring (431) and used for positioning the supporting bearing outer ring (431); edges are arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the bearing block (41) of the supporting system, a threaded hole o (412) is arranged on each edge, and the threaded hole o (412) is matched with an anchor bolt to be used for fixing the bearing block (41) of the supporting system; the gland (42) is of a circular ring structure, a plurality of threaded holes q (421) are symmetrically formed in the circular ring, the threaded holes p (413) are matched with the threaded holes q (421), and the gland (42) is fixed on a bearing seat (41) of the supporting system through bolts; the inner side edge of the ring is provided with a flange a (422) for positioning and supporting the bearing outer ring (431); fixing the inner ring (433) of the support bearing on the main shaft (3) through a locking nut (44);
the loading system (5) comprises a radial loading screw rod (51), a radial loading nut (52) and a radial force sensor (53); the bottom end of the radial loading screw rod (51) is fixed on the outer surface of the tested bearing seat (8), and the radial force sensor (53) is installed on the outer surface of the tested bearing seat (8) and fixed on the outer surface of the radial loading screw rod (51); the radial loading nut (52) is arranged at the upper part of the radial loading screw rod (51), the radial loading nut (52) is positioned on the upper surface of the test box body (1), and the radial loading screw rod (51) applies radial force to the tested bearing seat (8) by rotating the radial loading nut (52) so as to measure the radial force;
the locking nut (6) is used for fixing the inner ring (74) of the tested bearing (7) on the main shaft (3);
the inner surface of the central through hole of the tested bearing seat (8) is provided with a shaft shoulder f (83) which is matched with the outer ring (72) of the tested bearing (7) and used for positioning the outer ring (72); a plurality of threaded holes r (82) are symmetrically formed in the periphery of the central through hole, and vertical radial force sensor arrangement holes (84) are formed in the bottom of the bearing seat (8) and used for arranging a third radial eddy current sensor 93; the bearing seat gland (81) is of a circular ring structure, a plurality of threaded holes s (811) are symmetrically formed in the circular ring, the threaded holes r (82) are matched with the threaded holes s (811), and the bearing seat gland (81) is fixed on a tested bearing seat (8) through bolts; the inner side edge of the ring of the bearing seat gland (81) is provided with a flange b (812) for positioning the outer ring (72);
the sensor system (9) comprises a first radial displacement eddy current sensor (91), a second radial displacement eddy current sensor (92) and a third radial displacement eddy current sensor (93); the first radial displacement eddy current sensor (91) and the second radial displacement eddy current sensor (92) are symmetrically arranged at the radial positions of the main shaft (3) on two sides of the tested bearing seat (8), are close to the tested bearing (7), and are used for measuring the deformation of an inner ring (74) of the tested bearing (7); a third radial displacement eddy current sensor (93) is disposed in the radial force sensor arrangement hole (84) for measuring deformation of the outer ring (72) of the bearing (7) under test.
2. A bearing static stiffness test method adopts the test device of claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the radial loading screw rod (51) is fixedly connected with a radial force sensor (53), the radial loading screw rod (51) is connected with the upper box body (11) through a radial loading nut (52), and the radial force sensor (53) is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the tested bearing seat (8); adjusting the end face of a radial loading nut (52) to be in contact with the upper end face of an upper box body (11), screwing the radial loading nut (52), reducing the distance between a tested bearing (7) and a test box body (1) through the transmission of a radial loading screw rod (51) and a radial force sensor (53), generating radial loading, testing the load size in the loading process by the radial force sensor (53), and measuring the radial displacement by a first radial displacement eddy current sensor (91), a second radial displacement eddy current sensor (92) and a third radial displacement eddy current sensor (93);
calculating radial stiffness K from the above sensor arrangementrComprises the following steps:
radial displacement y1For the displacement measured by the first radial displacement eddy current sensor (91), the radial displacement y2A radial displacement y measured by a second radial displacement eddy current sensor (92)3Measured by a third radial displacement eddy current sensor (93)Displacement, deltarFor relative deformation of the inner and outer races of the tested bearing (7), FrRadial force is applied to the radial loading screw (51).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011305160.9A CN112345245A (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Bearing static stiffness test device and test method thereof |
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| CN202011305160.9A CN112345245A (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Bearing static stiffness test device and test method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113281043A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-20 | 重庆长江轴承股份有限公司 | Bearing dynamic stiffness testing device |
| CN114486250A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-13 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Bearing simulation test bed and control method thereof |
| CN117890109A (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-04-16 | 河北宏达隆业轴承有限公司 | Deep groove ball bearing performance detection equipment |
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2020
- 2020-11-19 CN CN202011305160.9A patent/CN112345245A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113281043A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-20 | 重庆长江轴承股份有限公司 | Bearing dynamic stiffness testing device |
| CN114486250A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-13 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Bearing simulation test bed and control method thereof |
| CN117890109A (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-04-16 | 河北宏达隆业轴承有限公司 | Deep groove ball bearing performance detection equipment |
| CN117890109B (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-05-14 | 河北宏达隆业轴承有限公司 | Deep groove ball bearing performance detection equipment |
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