CN112343570A - Coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system and control method - Google Patents
Coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112343570A CN112343570A CN202011109425.8A CN202011109425A CN112343570A CN 112343570 A CN112343570 A CN 112343570A CN 202011109425 A CN202011109425 A CN 202011109425A CN 112343570 A CN112343570 A CN 112343570A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000006670 Multiple fractures Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 102100026205 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101000691599 Homo sapiens 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic fracturing, in particular to a coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system, wherein each drill hole is provided with a group of fracturing components, each fracturing component comprises two high-pressure hole sealing capsules symmetrically arranged in the drill hole and a water injector, the input end of a high-pressure water injection pump is connected with a water tank through a pipeline, the output end of the high-pressure water injection pump and the water return end of the water tank are connected with the water injectors through fracturing pipes to form a fracturing loop, the water return end of the water tank is provided with a first control valve, the output end of the high-pressure water injection pump is provided with a second control valve, a hydraulic pressure sensor is arranged on each fracturing pipe, a pneumatic valve is arranged on each pipeline for conveying water towards the water injectors in each fracturing pipe, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on each pipeline for conveying water towards the water. The fracturing system can simultaneously fracture multiple groups of drill holes or synchronously fracture through automatic control under the condition that all fracturing drill hole fracturing equipment is installed in place. The invention further provides a control method of the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic fracturing, in particular to a coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system and a control method.
Background
The hydraulic fracturing technology is to inject fluid (usually water as a medium) into a pore size by using a high-pressure pumping device in an amount far exceeding the absorption capacity of a stratum, hold the high pressure, and form a crack in the stratum and extend the crack forwards. In 1965, the coal research institute (forebody of the courtesy division) applies the hydraulic fracturing technology to the field of intensified gas drainage of coal seams for the first time in the whole country, and carries out fracturing on the coal seams through ground drilling holes or underground drilling holes and carries out field tests. The hydraulic fracturing high-pressure water system adopted at the moment is large in size and high in price, the weight of ground hydraulic fracturing equipment reaches hundreds of tons, the weight of underground fracturing equipment also reaches dozens of tons, and the hydraulic fracturing high-pressure water system is extremely inconvenient to use in an underground limited space. And the fracturing hole section acted in the drilling hole simultaneously is too long, and the requirement on the flow of a high-pressure water system is high, so that the fracturing equipment is huge and the process is complex, and the technology is not popularized and applied in a large area. Through years of experience and exploration, the successful application of a staged hydraulic fracturing technology, a directional hydraulic fracturing technology and equipment enables the hydraulic pressure technology to be widely applied to the field of coal bed gas permeability increase of coal mines.
However, the research on the staged hydraulic fracturing technology, the directional hydraulic fracturing technology and equipment is that single-hole, three-hole or five-hole groups are fractured one by one, a large amount of time is consumed in the process of fracturing one by one, the extraction and tunneling speed of a mining working face is greatly influenced, the extraction time is reduced in a mine which is in shortage of taking over, and hidden danger is brought to gas control during normal production. And the successive fracturing can not realize the differential output of the flow and the pressure in the same group of drill holes, so that the pressure in the whole group of fracturing pipelines can be reduced after one fracturing hole is fractured in the fracturing process, and the fracturing effect of other drill holes is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system provided by the invention can simultaneously fracture multiple groups of drill holes or synchronously fracture through automatic control under the condition that all fracturing drill hole fracturing equipment is installed in place.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
in a first technical scheme, the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system is used for implementing a fracturing process on a plurality of drilled holes in a coal seam, and comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller), a high-pressure water injection pump, a water tank, a plurality of groups of fracturing pipes and fracturing components, wherein each drilled hole is provided with one group of fracturing components, each fracturing component comprises two high-pressure hole sealing capsules symmetrically arranged in the drilled hole and a water injector, the water injector is arranged in the middle of the two high-pressure hole sealing capsules, the input end of the high-pressure water injection pump is connected with the water tank through a pipeline, the output end of the high-pressure water injection pump and the water return end of the water tank are connected with the water injector through the fracturing pipes to form a fracturing loop, the water return end of the water tank is provided with a first control valve, and the output end of the high-,
a hydraulic pressure sensor is arranged on the fracturing pipe, a pneumatic valve is arranged on a pipeline for delivering water to the direction of the water injector in the fracturing pipe, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline for delivering water to the direction of the water tank from the water injector; the PLC is electrically connected with the water pressure sensor to obtain water pressure data in the fracturing pipe; and the PLC is electrically connected with the high-pressure water injection pump, the pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic valve so as to control the opening and closing states of the high-pressure water injection pump, the pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic valve.
In a second technical scheme, the control method of the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system uses the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system in the first technical scheme,
simultaneous hydraulic fracturing of a plurality of boreholes, comprising the steps of:
a1: drilling a plurality of drill holes in the coal seam, sealing the inner ends of the drill holes, feeding a water injector into the drill holes, sealing the outer ends of the drill holes, and connecting the water injector into a fracturing pipe;
a2: closing the first control valve, closing the electromagnetic valves on all the fracturing pipes, simultaneously opening the second control valve, opening the pneumatic valves of all the fracturing pipes, starting water injection, and closing the pneumatic valve of one of the fracturing pipes when the pressure value in the fracturing pipe detected by the water pressure sensor on the one of the fracturing pipes falls to a threshold value;
a3: after all the pneumatic valves on all the fracturing pipes are closed, the solenoid valves on all the pipelines are opened, then the first control valve and the pneumatic valves on all the pipelines are opened, water returns to the water tank, and then the high-pressure water injection pump is closed, so that synchronous hydraulic fracturing operation is completed.
In a third technical scheme, the control method of the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system uses the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system in the first technical scheme,
the method comprises the following steps of performing hydraulic fracturing on a plurality of drill holes one by one:
b1: drilling a plurality of drill holes in the coal seam, sealing the inner ends of the drill holes, feeding a water injector into the drill holes, sealing the outer ends of the drill holes, and connecting the water injector into a fracturing pipe;
b2: closing the first electromagnetic valve, closing the electromagnetic valves and the pneumatic valves on all the fracturing pipes, and opening the second control valve; opening a pneumatic valve on one fracturing pipe to enable a water injector in a pipeline corresponding to the fracturing pipe to inject water into a drill hole for fracturing, and opening a pneumatic valve on the other fracturing pipe when a pressure value in the fracturing pipe detected by a hydraulic sensor on the fracturing pipe on the pipeline falls to a threshold value until pressure values in the fracturing pipe detected by the hydraulic sensors on all the fracturing pipes fall to the threshold value;
b3: and opening the electromagnetic valves on all the fracturing pipes, opening the first control valves and the pneumatic valves on all the fracturing pipes, returning water to the water tank, and closing the high-pressure water injection pump to finish hydraulic fracturing of a plurality of drill holes one by one.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the automatic pressure dividing device collects water pressure information on three branches, and automatically controls the on-off of three fracturing pipelines by taking a pressure drop signal as a judgment standard when the fracturing cracks are expanded.
The problem of among the hydraulic fracturing process, fracturing mode work efficiency is low one by one, construction complex operation, be difficult to realize the whole fracturing effect of maximum is solved through this structure, utilizes PLC to have remote automated control, can ensure the operation safety among the high pressure hydraulic fracturing process, in time feeds back the fracturing coal seam atress condition through hydraulic pressure sensor, and automatic control fracturing progress realizes the porous synchronous hydraulic fracturing anti-reflection best effect, and the logic is clear, and the hydraulic pressure process is controllable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of PLC control in a coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system according to the present invention.
The reference numerals include:
the coal seam water injection system comprises a 1-PLC, a 2-high-pressure water injection pump, a 3-water tank, a 41-first control valve, a 42-second control valve, a 5-high-pressure hole sealing capsule, a 6-water injector, a 71-first loop pneumatic valve, a 72-second loop pneumatic valve, a 73-third loop pneumatic valve, a 74-first loop solenoid valve, a 75-second loop solenoid valve, a 76-third loop solenoid valve, a 81-first water pressure sensor, a 82-second water pressure sensor, a 83-third water pressure sensor, a 9-fracturing pipe and a 10-coal seam.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the technical scheme takes drilling three boreholes in a coal seam as an example, and details and an implementation method of the technical scheme are described in detail.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the porous hydraulic fracturing system in colliery that this embodiment provided, including PLC1, high-pressure water injection pump 2, the water tank 3, fracturing pipe 9 and fracturing subassembly, high-pressure water injection pump 2, water tank 3 passes through to be connected between the pipeline and forms the loop structure, high-pressure water injection pump 2, the loop structure tip of water tank 3 is connected with first control valve 41 and second control valve 42 respectively, the loop structure is connected through fracturing pipe 9 and the same fracturing subassembly of three specification, pass through electric connection between PLC1 and the high-pressure water injection pump 2, the fracturing subassembly includes the high-pressure hole sealing capsule 5 and the water filler 6 of two symmetries, and the water filler 6 symmetry sets up between two high-pressure hole sealing capsules 5, the signal end and the pneumatic valve valves of PLC1, solenoid valve group and pressure sensor group are connected.
As shown in fig. 2, the air-operated valve group includes a first loop air-operated valve 71, a second loop air-operated valve 72, and a third loop air-operated valve 73, the air-operated valve group includes a first loop solenoid valve 74, a second loop solenoid valve 75, and a third loop solenoid valve 76, and the water pressure sensor group includes a first water pressure sensor 81, a second water pressure sensor 82, and a third water pressure sensor 83.
Example 2
In the control method of the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system provided in this embodiment, the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system in embodiment 1 is used to perform hydraulic fracturing on a plurality of drilled holes synchronously.
Firstly drilling a group of drill holes in the coal seam 10, firstly sealing the inner ends of the drill holes in the coal seam 10, sealing the inner ends of the drill holes, sending the water injectors 6 into the holes, sealing the outer parts of the water injectors 6, then connecting the water injectors 6 into the fracturing pipe 9, and starting the hydraulic fracturing system.
The hydraulic fracturing system is started by closing the first control valve 41, closing the first loop solenoid valve 74, the second loop solenoid valve 75 and the third loop solenoid valve 76, simultaneously opening the second control valve 42, opening the first loop pneumatic valve 71, the second loop pneumatic valve 72 and the third loop pneumatic valve 73, starting water injection, closing the pneumatic valves of the hydraulic fracturing system when one pressure value falls to a threshold value, for example, closing the second loop pneumatic valve 72 when the second water pressure sensor 82 displays that the pressure falls.
Finally the first water pressure sensor 81 falls off to close the first loop pneumatic valve 71, then the third water pressure sensor 83 falls off to close the third loop pneumatic valve 73, finally the pressure falls off, the first loop solenoid valve 74, the second loop solenoid valve 75 and the third loop solenoid valve 76 are opened, then the first control valve 41 is opened, the first loop pneumatic valve 71, the second loop pneumatic valve 72 and the third loop pneumatic valve 73 are opened to return water to the water tank 3, the high-pressure water injection pump 2 is closed, and the synchronous hydraulic fracturing operation is completed.
Example 3
In the control method of the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system provided in this embodiment, the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system in embodiment 1 is used to perform hydraulic fracturing on a plurality of drill holes one by one.
Firstly drilling a group of drill holes in the coal seam 10, firstly sealing the inner ends of the drill holes in the coal seam 10, sealing the inner ends of the drill holes, sending the water injectors 6 into the holes, sealing the outer parts of the water injectors 6, then connecting the water injectors 6 into the fracturing pipe 9, and starting the hydraulic fracturing system.
Closing the first solenoid valve 41, closing the first, second and third circuit solenoid valves 74, 75, 76, while closing the second and third circuit air-operated valves 72, 73, opening the second control valve 42, and opening the first circuit air-operated valve 71 for hydraulic fracturing;
when the first water pressure sensor 81 falls to close the first loop pneumatic valve 71, the second loop pneumatic valve 72 is opened again for hydraulic fracturing, when the second water pressure sensor 82 displays that the pressure falls, the second loop pneumatic valve 72 is closed, then the third loop pneumatic valve 73 is opened, hydraulic fracturing is carried out, when the third water pressure sensor 83 falls to close the third loop pneumatic valve 73, finally, multiple paths of pressure fall, the first loop solenoid valve 74, the second loop solenoid valve 75 and the third loop solenoid valve 76 are opened, then the first control valve 41 is opened, the first loop pneumatic valve 71 is opened, the second loop pneumatic valve 72 and the third loop pneumatic valve 73 return water to the water tank 3, the high-pressure water injection pump 2 is closed, and single-loop hydraulic fracturing operation one by one is completed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and many variations in the detailed description and the application range can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all changes that fall within the protective scope of the invention are therefore considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system is used for implementing a fracturing process on a plurality of drilled holes in a coal seam, and is characterized in that: the fracturing device comprises a PLC, a high-pressure water injection pump, a water tank, a plurality of groups of fracturing pipes and fracturing components, wherein each drilling hole is internally provided with a group of fracturing components, each fracturing component comprises two high-pressure hole sealing capsules symmetrically arranged in the drilling hole and a water injector, the water injectors are arranged at the middle positions of the two high-pressure hole sealing capsules, the input end of the high-pressure water injection pump is connected with the water tank through a pipeline, the output end of the high-pressure water injection pump and the water return end of the water tank are connected with the water injectors through the fracturing pipes to form a fracturing loop, the water return end of the water tank is provided with a first control valve, the output end of the high-pressure water injection pump is,
a hydraulic pressure sensor is arranged on the fracturing pipe, a pneumatic valve is arranged on a pipeline for delivering water to the direction of the water injector in the fracturing pipe, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline for delivering water to the direction of the water tank from the water injector; the PLC is electrically connected with the water pressure sensor to obtain water pressure data in the fracturing pipe; and the PLC is electrically connected with the high-pressure water injection pump, the pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic valve so as to control the opening and closing states of the high-pressure water injection pump, the pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic valve.
2. A method of controlling a coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system using the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system of claim 1,
simultaneous hydraulic fracturing of a plurality of boreholes, comprising the steps of:
a1: drilling a plurality of drill holes in the coal seam, sealing the inner ends of the drill holes, feeding a water injector into the drill holes, sealing the outer ends of the drill holes, and connecting the water injector into a fracturing pipe;
a2: closing the first control valve, closing the electromagnetic valves on all the fracturing pipes, simultaneously opening the second control valve, opening the pneumatic valves of all the fracturing pipes, starting water injection, and closing the pneumatic valve of one of the fracturing pipes when the pressure value in the fracturing pipe detected by the water pressure sensor on the one of the fracturing pipes falls to a threshold value;
a3: after all the pneumatic valves on all the fracturing pipes are closed, the solenoid valves on all the pipelines are opened, then the first control valve and the pneumatic valves on all the pipelines are opened, water returns to the water tank, and then the high-pressure water injection pump is closed, so that synchronous hydraulic fracturing operation is completed.
3. A method of controlling a coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system using the coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system of claim 1,
the method comprises the following steps of performing hydraulic fracturing on a plurality of drill holes one by one:
b1: drilling a plurality of drill holes in the coal seam, sealing the inner ends of the drill holes, feeding a water injector into the drill holes, sealing the outer ends of the drill holes, and connecting the water injector into a fracturing pipe;
b2: closing the first electromagnetic valve, closing the electromagnetic valves and the pneumatic valves on all the fracturing pipes, and opening the second control valve; opening a pneumatic valve on one fracturing pipe to enable a water injector in a pipeline corresponding to the fracturing pipe to inject water into a drill hole for fracturing, and opening a pneumatic valve on the other fracturing pipe when a pressure value in the fracturing pipe detected by a hydraulic sensor on the fracturing pipe on the pipeline falls to a threshold value until pressure values in the fracturing pipe detected by the hydraulic sensors on all the fracturing pipes fall to the threshold value;
b3: and opening the electromagnetic valves on all the fracturing pipes, opening the first control valves and the pneumatic valves on all the fracturing pipes, returning water to the water tank, and closing the high-pressure water injection pump to finish hydraulic fracturing of a plurality of drill holes one by one.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011109425.8A CN112343570A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system and control method |
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| CN202011109425.8A CN112343570A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Coal mine porous hydraulic fracturing system and control method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113107447A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-13 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Downhole porous section parallel dynamic fracturing system and construction method thereof |
| CN114458277A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-05-10 | 淮北矿业股份有限公司 | Hard rock hydraulic fracturing effect evaluation method and device based on injection flow and pressure |
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2020
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| CN113107447A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-13 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Downhole porous section parallel dynamic fracturing system and construction method thereof |
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Address after: 113122 No.11 Binhe Road, Shenfu demonstration area, Fushun City, Liaoning Province Applicant after: Shenyang Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 113122 No. 11 Binhe Road, Fushun Economic Development Zone, Fushun City, Liaoning Province Applicant before: CCTEG (China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp.) |
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