CN112324803B - Air suspension bearing, motor rotating shaft supporting system, motor and control method - Google Patents
Air suspension bearing, motor rotating shaft supporting system, motor and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112324803B CN112324803B CN202011155337.1A CN202011155337A CN112324803B CN 112324803 B CN112324803 B CN 112324803B CN 202011155337 A CN202011155337 A CN 202011155337A CN 112324803 B CN112324803 B CN 112324803B
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- bearing
- motor
- outer ring
- air
- sleeve body
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0603—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion
- F16C32/0607—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being retained in a gap, e.g. squeeze film bearings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
- H02K5/165—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
- F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an air suspension bearing, a motor rotating shaft supporting system, a motor and a control method. According to the air suspension bearing, the motor rotating shaft supporting system, the motor and the control method, the foil layer structure is arranged between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring, so that the outflow speed of air flow can be reduced, the air film between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring is more stable, and the motor can run more stably.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing manufacturing, and particularly relates to an air suspension bearing, a motor rotating shaft supporting system, a motor and a control method.
Background
At present, the bearings commonly used for the motor are of four types, namely a rolling bearing, a sliding bearing, a joint bearing and an oil bearing, and the most common motor bearing is the rolling bearing. With the technological progress, the electromagnetic device is gradually adopted to replace the existing bearing system in some special fields, but from the technical level of the electromagnetic device in China at present, the electromagnetic device has the defects of difficulty in realizing high-precision control of a bearing rotor, poor system reliability, high failure rate, lack of standardized product technology and the like, so that the gas suspension bearing technology is developed, and particularly in the field of high-speed motors, the gas suspension bearing has a wide application prospect. In the existing air suspension bearing technology, before starting, physical contact exists between a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, and the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring move relatively to generate air pressure during starting, so that a shaft floats by the air pressure.
However, the existing air suspension bearing structure has the following defects:
1. in the starting and stopping processes of the motor, no aerodynamic force source exists, air suspension cannot be realized, and friction exists between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing;
2. an additional air source device can be adopted to provide high-pressure air by an air suspension static pressure technology, the air is inflated when the motor runs, and air pressure is supplemented to the air gap of the bearing to form an air film when the motor is started and stopped, but the system is complex in structure, high in machining and assembling precision and very expensive in cost price;
3. the existing air suspension bearing has short retention time of air flow between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, so that an air film between the inner ring and the outer ring is not stable enough, and the motor runs unstably.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an air suspension bearing, a motor shaft support system, a motor and a control method, wherein a foil layer structure is arranged between a bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring to reduce the outflow speed of air flow, so that the air film between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring is more stable, and the motor operation is more stable.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an air suspension bearing which comprises a bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring, wherein the bearing outer ring is sleeved on the periphery of the bearing inner ring to form an air suspension gap, the air suspension bearing also comprises a foil layer structure, the foil layer structure is sleeved on the periphery of the bearing inner ring and is positioned in an inner hole of the bearing outer ring, the foil layer structure comprises a sleeve body, a bulge and a vent hole are formed in the sleeve body, and the vent hole penetrates through the inner side and the outer side of the sleeve body.
Optionally, the number of the protrusions is multiple, and the multiple protrusions are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the sleeve body; and/or the vent holes are provided with a plurality of vent holes which are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the sleeve body.
Optionally, the protrusion protrudes toward one side of the bearing inner race in a radial direction of the sleeve body.
Optionally, on any radial cross section of the sleeve body, the protrusion is in a semi-arc shape; and/or the bulge extends to the two axial ends of the sleeve body along the axial direction of the sleeve body.
Optionally, the vent hole is a rectangular hole, and a long side of the rectangular hole is parallel to the axis of the sleeve body; and/or the foil layer structure is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bearing outer ring.
The invention also provides a motor rotating shaft supporting system which comprises a rotating shaft, the air suspension bearing and the electromagnetic device, wherein the air suspension bearing and the electromagnetic device are sleeved on the rotating shaft.
Optionally, a plurality of stacked silicon steel sheets are sleeved on the rotating shaft.
The invention also provides a motor which comprises the motor rotating shaft supporting system.
The present invention also provides a motor control method for controlling the above motor, including:
before starting the motor, electrifying the electromagnetic device to enable the rotating shaft to be in a magnetic suspension state;
starting the motor;
after the motor is started, the electromagnetic device is maintained to be in a power-on state, so that the rotating shaft is in an air suspension state and a magnetic suspension state.
Optionally, the motor control method further includes:
and when the motor is stopped and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is zero, controlling the electromagnetic device to be powered off.
According to the air suspension bearing, the motor rotating shaft supporting system, the motor and the control method, the bulges arranged on the foil layer structure can block air flow, so that the outflow speed of the air flow can be reduced, the residence time of the air flow in the air suspension gap is longer, the air film between the outer ring of the bearing and the inner ring of the bearing is more stable, and the operation of the motor is more stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a radial cross-section of an air bearing of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1, also showing the spindle, with arrows indicating the direction of flow of the airflow;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the foil layer structure of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor shaft support system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals are represented as:
1. a bearing outer race; 11. an outside air inlet; 12. an air flow channel; 13. an inboard air inlet; 14. the outer wall of the outer ring; 15. the inner wall of the outer ring; 2. a bearing inner race; 3. an air suspension gap; 4. a foil layer structure; 41. a sleeve body; 42. a protrusion; 43. a vent hole; 100. a rotating shaft; 101. an air bearing; 1021. an electromagnetic device; 1022. silicon steel sheets; 1031. a motor stator; 1032. a rotor of an electric machine.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an air suspension bearing is provided, which includes a bearing outer ring 1 and a bearing inner ring 2, the bearing outer ring 1 is sleeved on an outer periphery of the bearing inner ring 2 to form an air suspension gap 3, the bearing outer ring 1 includes an outer ring outer wall 14 and an outer ring inner wall 15, a gap between the outer ring outer wall 14 and the outer ring inner wall 15 forms an air flow channel 12, an outer side air inlet 11 (communicated with the external atmosphere) is configured on the outer ring outer wall 14, an inner side air inlet 13 is configured on the outer ring inner wall 15, external air flows enter the air flow channel 12 through the outer side air inlet 11 and then enter the air suspension gap 3 through the inner side air inlet 13, and a foil layer structure 4, the foil layer structure 4 is sleeved on an outer periphery of the bearing inner ring 2 and is located in an inner hole of the bearing outer ring 1, the foil layer structure 4 includes a sleeve body 41, the sleeve body 41 has protrusions 42 and vent holes 43, the vent holes 43 penetrate through the inner side and the outer side of the sleeve body 41, and the airflow entering the aerostatic gap 3 can further pass through the vent holes 43 to finally form airflow contact with the inner bearing ring 2 to form aerostatic (external airflow forms entrainment when the inner bearing ring 2 rotates at high speed along with the rotating shaft 100). In the technical scheme, the protrusions 42 arranged on the foil layer structure 4 can block the air flow, so that the outflow speed of the air flow can be reduced, the air flow stays in the air suspension gap 3 for a longer time, the air film between the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing is more stable, and the motor runs more stably. The foil structure 4 is a thin-walled structure with a small thickness, and should have high strength and wear resistance, and may be made of stainless steel or a common wear-resistant plate roll. The plurality of the protrusions 42 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the sleeve body 41; and/or the vent holes 43 are provided with a plurality of vent holes 43, and the vent holes 43 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the sleeve body 41 at intervals, so that the airflow can be more uniformly positioned in the circumferential direction of the bearing inner ring 2, and the air suspension state is more stable.
In some embodiments, the protrusion 42 protrudes toward the inner bearing ring 2 side along the radial direction of the sleeve body 41, and preferably, the foil layer structure 4 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer bearing ring 1, when the aerostatic bearing is applied, the foil layer structure 4 and the outer bearing ring 1 form a whole, and the inner bearing ring 2 rotates together with the rotating shaft 100, and the air flow is disturbed between the foil layer structure 4 and the inner bearing ring 2 so as to make the air flow staying effect better and the air film formation more stable. Both ends of the foil layer structure 4 can form a detachable fixed connection with both axial ends of the bearing outer ring 1, for example, in a snap-fit manner.
Optionally, on any radial section of the sleeve body 41, the protrusion 42 is in a semi-arc shape; and/or, the protrusion 42 extends to both axial ends of the sleeve body 41 along the axial direction of the sleeve body 41, so that the forming process of the protrusion 42 can be more convenient. Alternatively, the ventilation hole 43 is a rectangular hole, and the long side of the rectangular hole is parallel to the axis of the sleeve body 41.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a motor shaft support system, including a shaft 100, an air bearing 101, and an electromagnetic device 1021, where the air bearing 101 is preferably the above air bearing, and both the air bearing 101 and the electromagnetic device 1021 are sleeved on the shaft 100, and it can be understood that a motor rotor 1032 and a motor stator 1031 located outside the motor rotor 1032 are further sleeved on the shaft 100. The motor shaft support system in the technical scheme is provided with the air suspension bearing 101 and the electromagnetic device 1021, so that the motor is in a magnetic suspension state by adopting the electromagnetic device 1021 before starting, a certain gap is formed between the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring 2, the motor is controlled to start after the rotating shaft 100 is in the magnetic suspension state, physical friction between the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring 2 is effectively avoided when the motor is started, and the service life of the bearing is effectively prolonged. The motor rotating shaft supporting system has a simple structure, adopts electromagnetic suspension transition and is high in control precision, and the motor can run at a high speed by adopting a non-contact supporting structure.
The rotating shaft 100 is sleeved with a plurality of stacked silicon steel sheets 1022, and the stacked silicon steel sheets 1022 can enhance magnetic permeability so as to improve the working performance of the electromagnetic device 1021.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a motor including the above-mentioned motor shaft support system.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a motor control method for controlling the above motor, including:
before starting the motor, the electromagnetic device 1021 is electrified to enable the rotating shaft 100 to be in a magnetic suspension state; starting the motor; after the motor is started, the electromagnetic device 1021 is maintained in the power-on state, so that the rotating shaft 100 is in the air suspension state and the magnetic suspension state. Specifically, before the motor is started, the electromagnetic device 1021 is powered on by a direct current power supply to generate a stable magnetic field. Under the action of magnetic force, the rotating shaft 100 and the motor rotor 1032 suspend, so that a certain gap is formed between the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring 2, physical friction between the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring 2 when the motor is started is avoided, after time T1, the motor is powered on a three-phase alternating current power supply, the motor stator 1031 is powered on to establish a variable magnetic field, the motor starts to be started, the motor rotor 1032 drives the rotating shaft 100 and the bearing inner ring 2 to start to rotate, so that aerodynamic force is generated inside the air suspension bearing 101 to provide pressure difference, external atmospheric air flow finally enters the air suspension gap 3 and is finally discharged from two ends of the bearing, an air film is formed between the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring 2, air pressure suspension is realized, the rotating shaft 100 is in a complete suspension state, and the motor stably operates. In the technical scheme, the motor firstly adopts the electromagnetic device 1021 to convert the static rotating shaft 100 into a magnetic suspension state before starting, so that a certain gap is reserved between the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring 2, and the motor is controlled to start after the rotating shaft 100 is in the magnetic suspension state, so that physical friction between the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring 2 is effectively avoided when the motor is started, and the service life of the bearing is effectively prolonged.
Optionally, the motor control method further includes: when the motor is stopped and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 100 is zero, the electromagnetic device 1021 is controlled to be powered off, specifically, a three-phase alternating current power supply of the motor is firstly switched off, the motor runs at a reduced speed, the electromagnetic device 1021 is always powered on, the rotating shaft 100 is finally in a zero rotating speed and magnetic suspension state, and at the moment, a gap is reserved between an outer bearing and an inner bearing of the motor, so that the generation of physical friction is avoided, and stable stopping is realized.
It is readily understood by a person skilled in the art that the advantageous ways described above can be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The air suspension bearing is characterized by comprising a bearing outer ring (1) and a bearing inner ring (2), wherein the bearing outer ring (1) is sleeved on the periphery of the bearing inner ring (2) to form an air suspension gap (3), the bearing outer ring (1) comprises an outer ring outer wall (14) and an outer ring inner wall (15), a gap between the outer ring outer wall (14) and the outer ring inner wall (15) forms an air flow channel (12), an outer side air inlet (11) is constructed on the outer ring outer wall (14), an inner side air inlet (13) is constructed on the outer ring inner wall (15), external air flow enters the air flow channel (12) through the outer side air inlet (11) and then enters the air suspension gap (3) through the inner side air inlet (13), the air suspension bearing further comprises a foil layer structure (4), the foil layer structure (4) is sleeved on the periphery of the bearing inner ring (2) and is located in an inner hole of the bearing outer ring (1), the foil layer structure (4) comprises a sleeve body (41), wherein the sleeve body (41) is provided with a protrusion (42) and a vent hole (43), the vent hole (43) penetrates through the inner side and the outer side of the sleeve body (41), and the protrusion (42) is positioned in the air suspension air gap (3).
2. The aerostatic bearing of claim 1, wherein the protrusions (42) are a plurality of protrusions (42), the plurality of protrusions (42) being uniformly spaced along a circumferential direction of the sleeve body (41); and/or the vent holes (43) are provided in a plurality, and the vent holes (43) are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the sleeve body (41).
3. Air suspension bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that the protrusions (42) project in the radial direction of the sleeve body (41) towards the side of the bearing inner ring (2).
4. Aerostatic bearing according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, in any radial section of the sleeve body (41), the projections (42) are semi-circular arc-shaped; and/or the protrusion (42) extends to both axial ends of the sleeve body (41) along the axial direction of the sleeve body (41).
5. Aerostatic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the vent holes (43) are rectangular holes, the long sides of which are parallel to the axis of the sleeve body (41); and/or the foil layer structure (4) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bearing outer ring (1).
6. A motor shaft support system, comprising a shaft (100), an air suspension bearing (101), and an electromagnetic device (1021), wherein the air suspension bearing (101) and the electromagnetic device (1021) are both sleeved on the shaft (100), and the air suspension bearing (101) is the air suspension bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The motor shaft support system according to claim 6, wherein the shaft (100) of the electromagnetic device (1021) is sleeved with a plurality of stacked silicon steel sheets (1022).
8. An electrical machine comprising a motor shaft support system as claimed in claim 6 or 7.
9. A motor control method for controlling the motor of claim 8, comprising:
before starting the motor, electrifying an electromagnetic device (1021) to enable the rotating shaft (100) to be in a magnetic suspension state;
starting the motor;
after the motor is started, the electromagnetic device (1021) is maintained to be in a power-on state, so that the rotating shaft (100) is in an air suspension state and a magnetic suspension state.
10. The motor control method according to claim 9, further comprising:
and when the motor is stopped and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft (100) is zero, controlling the electromagnetic device (1021) to be powered off.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011155337.1A CN112324803B (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Air suspension bearing, motor rotating shaft supporting system, motor and control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011155337.1A CN112324803B (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Air suspension bearing, motor rotating shaft supporting system, motor and control method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112324803A CN112324803A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
| CN112324803B true CN112324803B (en) | 2021-09-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011155337.1A Active CN112324803B (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Air suspension bearing, motor rotating shaft supporting system, motor and control method |
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| CN (1) | CN112324803B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022121969A1 (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2024-02-29 | Zf Cv Systems Global Gmbh | Foil bearing, bearing arrangement and use of the foil bearing therein |
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| CN1044976A (en) * | 1989-08-04 | 1990-08-29 | 机械电子工业部洛阳轴承研究所 | Gas floating ring hybrid bearing and ultra high speed air accurate main shaft |
| CN101799044A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-08-11 | 西安交通大学 | Series electromagnetic-elastic foil combined bearing |
| CN104389904A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-04 | 上海启元空分技术发展股份有限公司 | Gas static pressure bearing with floating thrust surface |
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| CN2363119Y (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2000-02-09 | 西安交通大学 | Dynamic pressure radial bearing for elastic support foil piece |
| JP2004245294A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-09-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Foil type fluid bearing device |
| JP4401704B2 (en) * | 2003-07-14 | 2010-01-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Foil type hydrodynamic bearing |
| US9657594B2 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2017-05-23 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Gas turbine engine, machine and self-aligning foil bearing system |
| WO2015038602A1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-19 | Xdot Engineering and Analysis, PLLC | Wing foil bearings and methods of manufacturing same |
| CN105202018B (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2018-06-12 | 罗立峰 | A kind of hybrid kinetic pressure gas journal bearing |
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| CN210949548U (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-07-07 | 西安安凡达智能电机有限公司 | Combination bearing system for high speed rotation |
| CN211398021U (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-09-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Dynamic pressure bearing, compressor and air conditioner |
| CN111795062B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2022-07-29 | 河北金士顿科技有限责任公司 | Radial foil dynamic pressure air bearing |
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2020
- 2020-10-26 CN CN202011155337.1A patent/CN112324803B/en active Active
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| CN1044976A (en) * | 1989-08-04 | 1990-08-29 | 机械电子工业部洛阳轴承研究所 | Gas floating ring hybrid bearing and ultra high speed air accurate main shaft |
| CN101799044A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-08-11 | 西安交通大学 | Series electromagnetic-elastic foil combined bearing |
| CN104389904A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-04 | 上海启元空分技术发展股份有限公司 | Gas static pressure bearing with floating thrust surface |
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| CN112324803A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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