CN112318893B - Preparation method of glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe - Google Patents
Preparation method of glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN112318893B CN112318893B CN202011117852.0A CN202011117852A CN112318893B CN 112318893 B CN112318893 B CN 112318893B CN 202011117852 A CN202011117852 A CN 202011117852A CN 112318893 B CN112318893 B CN 112318893B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/32—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0091—Complexes with metal-heteroatom-bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
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- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe, which comprises the following technical steps: 1) manufacturing a lining; 2) winding; 3) and (3) curing: after winding, immediately hoisting the mould with the pipe to a curing station, and starting the main shaft to enable the mould to be in a uniform rotation state for curing; 4) trimming: detecting the curing degree of the pipeline, and finishing a bell mouth, a socket and surface treatment when the Babbitt hardness of the outer surface of the pipeline is not lower than 20; 5) demolding: and when the Babbitt hardness of the outer surface of the pipeline is not lower than 25, demolding, completely cutting off burrs of the socket of the pipeline, polishing burrs at the end part of the socket, and then uniformly coating resin until the resin is cured. The preparation method of the invention fully plays the role of the material, improves the rigidity of the pipeline and prolongs the service life of the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of glass fiber reinforced plastic pipelines, in particular to a preparation method of a glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe.
Background
The glass fiber reinforced plastic pipe (glass fiber reinforced plastic pipeline) is used as an important building material in the building industry, particularly the civil engineering building industry, is widely applied to various fields, mainly comprises urban water supply and drainage engineering, urban cable engineering and the like, and has important significance for promoting the building industry due to the development and the growth of the glass fiber reinforced plastic pipe. In the past decade, the total yield of the construction industry and civil engineering construction industry has been on the rise, which benefits from the continuous evolution of building materials in the development process of the construction industry, and the water pipe has been subjected to the development process of common cast iron pipe → cement pipe → reinforced concrete pipe, asbestos cement pipe → nodular cast iron pipe, galvanized steel pipe → plastic pipe and aluminum plastic composite pipe. The appearance of new materials every time is continuously improved in performance, the production cost is continuously reduced, the installation difficulty is reduced, the recyclability is enhanced, and the development of the construction industry is directly promoted.
The glass fibre reinforced plastic pipeline is a waste metal pipeline, and is a pipeline which is made up by using glass fibre whose quality is identical to that of resin and winding them on a rotary ground core mould layer by layer according to a certain technological process, and is characterized by that its weight is light, strength is high, corrosion resistance is strong, and compared with product with identical function, the glass fibre reinforced plastic pipeline has the advantages of strong corrosion resistance, good heat-resisting and frost-resisting properties, light weight, high strength, convenient transportation and installation, good electric heating insulating property, no rustiness, strong designability, various connection modes and strong repairability, etc. and can be made into the important pipeline material for existent water diversion engineering, water supply engineering, sewage engineering and petrochemical engineering conveying pipeline. The glass fiber reinforced plastic pipe belongs to a building material which is excellent in drainage water aspect and develops rapidly in recent years, has the characteristics of high performance, low cost, strong designability and the like, promotes the development of the building industry on one hand, and contributes to the increase of the total production value of the assisted nation on the other hand.
At the present stage, the market competition of the pipeline industry in China is relatively fierce, a plurality of small-scale production enterprises exist, the operation mode of the small-scale production enterprises is mostly in the traditional production and sales mode, production equipment is generally lagged behind, the quality grade of products is relatively low, and the homogeneity of the products is serious. At present, the production and manufacture of the glass fiber reinforced plastic pipe need to consume a large amount of resin, restrictive resources such as quartz sand and other raw materials, and the manufacturing cost is relatively high, so that a preparation method of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe with excellent quality and low cost needs to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects that a large amount of resin, restrictive resources such as quartz sand and the like are consumed in the production of the existing glass steel tube and the manufacturing cost is high, the invention provides the preparation method of the glass steel sand inclusion tube, which fully plays the role of materials, improves the rigidity of the pipeline and prolongs the service life of the pipeline.
The preparation method of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe comprises the following steps:
1) lining manufacturing: preparing materials according to the type and specification of a designed material, removing impurities on the surface of a mould, uniformly coating demoulding wax on the outer surface of the mould, repeatedly extruding to ensure that the wax layer on the surface of the mould is uniform and the thickness meets the design requirement, preparing films with different specifications according to different pipe diameters, coating a film, fully stirring resin with an accelerant and a curing agent, uniformly spraying the resin on the surface of the mould, uniformly winding a glass surface felt on the surface of the mould, winding a knitted felt on the surface of the mould, winding a mesh fabric on the outer surface of the knitted felt, repeatedly extruding the surface of a lining by a compression roller to eliminate bubbles, and then carrying out far infrared deep curing;
2) winding: starting a winding machine control system, setting parameters, checking whether the equipment runs normally, arranging yarns, winding glass fibers on the surface of the inner liner layer by layer according to design requirements, carrying out axial reinforcement treatment on a bell and spigot, adding sand, pressing the sand, carrying out outer layer winding, scraping glue by using a scraper to recover residual resin on the surface of the pipeline, winding a film on the outer surface of the pipeline after the pipeline is wound, and extruding bubbles from the inside of the film by using a pressing plate;
The sand adding, wherein the quartz sand, the resin and the reinforcing agent are mixed according to the weight ratio of 8: 90: 2, the particle size of the quartz sand is 5-20 meshes; the reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon oxide, acetone and divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane platinum complex according to the weight ratio of 1: 4: 0.05, and uniformly mixing;
3) and (3) curing: after winding, immediately hoisting the mould with the pipe to a curing station, and starting the main shaft to enable the mould to be in a uniform rotation state for curing;
4) trimming: detecting the curing degree of the pipeline, and finishing a bell mouth, a socket and surface treatment when the Babbitt hardness of the outer surface of the pipeline is not lower than 20;
5) demolding: and when the Babbitt hardness of the outer surface of the pipeline is not lower than 25, demolding, completely cutting off burrs of the socket of the pipeline, polishing burrs at the end part of the socket, and then uniformly coating resin until the resin is cured.
The material preparation in the step 1) of the invention is to prepare materials according to the type and specification of the designed materials, the materials are stacked orderly, safely and cleanly, the materials are prevented from being affected with damp, and the storage distance of the accelerator and the curing agent is not less than 5 meters.
And (3) removing impurities on the surface of the die in the step 1), namely, flattening and smoothing the outer surface of the die, and checking whether the structure of the die is intact and whether the welding seam of the shaft head is open-welded.
The step 1) of uniformly coating the demolding wax on the outer surface of the mold and repeatedly extruding the demolding wax ensures that the wax layer on the surface of the mold is uniform and has thickness meeting the design requirement, the mold needs to be waxed once when being used for the first time or continuously used for multiple times, and the waxing frequency is increased when the demolding is difficult.
The preparation of the films with different specifications according to different pipe diameters in the step 1) means that the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe generally adopts two specifications of films of 50mm and 200mm, and films with other widths are also adopted according to different pipe diameters.
Step 1) the coating, it means to install 200mm width film to the dolly bracket, open the main shaft, start the dolly and evenly wind the film on the mould surface, film overlap joint width is according to the design requirement, from the mould afterbody always wind to mould reducing department and stop, change 50mm film, adopt the same method with 50mm width film winding at mould reducing and working face position, the operation main points: the film has uniform tension, lap joint width (a design value is +/-5 mm) and no folds; secondly, the film of the contact part of the surface of the die and the resin is complete; thirdly, wrinkles are easy to appear on the working surface and the reducing part of the die, and the important control is realized.
The accelerator in the step 1) is cobalt water, the curing agent is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and the resin is selected from unsaturated polyester resin, wherein the lining layer resin is selected from one of m-benzene type unsaturated polyester resin, bisphenol A type unsaturated polyester resin, polyester resin or vinyl ester resin; the mass ratio of the accelerator, the curing agent and the resin is in the range of 0.3: (2-3): 100; the sufficient stirring means stirring for at least 120 min.
Uniformly spraying the resin on the surface of the mold in the step 1), and controlling the resin amount until no surplus resin is separated from the mold.
The step 1) of uniformly winding the glass surface felt on the surface of the mould is to wind the glass surface felt on the surface of the mould by a manual method, wherein the lapping width of the surface felt meets the design requirement (the design value is 5 +/-2 mm), the tension in the winding process is moderate, no fold exists, meanwhile, the resin is sprayed on the surface of the felt layer, and the resin content of the surface felt layer is enough to ensure that the resin of the knitting felt layer permeates from inside to outside so as to reduce the formation of bubbles of the knitting felt layer.
Winding the knitting felt on the surface of the mould in the step 1), namely installing the knitting felt on a trolley bracket, winding the knitting felt on the surface of the mould through a trolley, wherein the lapping width of the knitting felt meets the design requirement (the design value is 10 +/-5 mm), enough resin is ensured on the surface of the surface felt before winding, no wrinkles exist, the diameter-variable part of the mould is subjected to key treatment, if the resin content is not enough to soak the knitting felt, the resin is supplemented on the surface of the knitting felt, the knitting felt is fully soaked by the resin through compression roller extrusion, the surface density of the knitting felt is generally far greater than that of the surface felt, the sufficient resin content is ensured, and the resin content meets the requirement of a design file.
And (2) winding the mesh cloth on the outer surface of the knitted felt in the step 1), namely installing the mesh cloth on a trolley bracket, flattening the mesh cloth, starting the trolley, winding the mesh cloth on the outer surface of the knitted felt through certain tension, wherein the lap joint width of the mesh cloth meets the design requirement (the design value is 15 +/-5 mm), and the outer surface is flat.
The step 1) of repeatedly extruding the surface of the lining by using the compression roller to eliminate bubbles refers to repeatedly extruding bubbles on the surface of the lining by using the compression roller, and extruding surplus resin to a glue-poor area to ensure that the resin content on the surface of the lining is uniform, no bubbles exist, the outer surface of the lining is smooth, and no resin nodules exist.
The far infrared deep curing in the step 1) means that the finished semi-finished product rotates at a constant speed at a surface speed of 20 cm/s in a curing station, the temperature of the semi-finished product is kept at 45 +/-1 ℃, and when the curing hardness is not lower than 40 Babbitt hardness, the next working procedure is carried out.
After bubbles are eliminated, the mold is always in a constant-speed rotating state, otherwise, the phenomenon of glue depletion can occur on the inner liner layer, natural curing or thermosetting is adopted, resin is gradually polymerized into a solid state from a liquid state through curing, the inner liner is generally cured naturally, and thermosetting is adopted when the ambient temperature is lower than 15 ℃.
Setting parameters in step 2), wherein the set parameters comprise: the device comprises a pipeline diameter, a pipeline length, a winding angle, a yarn sheet width, a machine head stopping angle, a machine tail stopping angle, a machine head (tail) plus-minus angle, an inner ring radial layer number, an inner spiral layer number, an inner ring radial layer number and an outer spiral layer number.
And 2) checking whether the equipment operates normally or not, wherein the checking means that when the equipment is produced for the first time or the specification of a product is changed, the winding line type is debugged, and the measured screw pitch and the width of a yarn sheet meet the design requirements or not.
The yarn arrangement in the step 2) is to arrange yarns on a creel in a layered and uniform and orderly manner, two adjacent rolls of yarns are connected end to end, the designed number of yarns pass through yarn threading holes and wind the yarn guide heads of a trolley, the yarns must be arranged on the creel in an orderly manner, otherwise, the yarn disorder phenomenon is easy to occur in the production process, the joints of the two adjacent rolls of yarns are as small as possible, and otherwise, the yarns are easy to be agglomerated when passing through the yarn guide heads of the trolley.
Winding the glass fiber on the surface of the lining layer by layer according to the design requirement in the step 2) to ensure that the winding line type is accurate, the pipe head and the pipe tail have no slide line phenomenon, the tension of the glass fiber is uniform and meets the design requirement, the quantity is accurate, broken yarns are timely supplemented, the surface of the pipeline is smooth, the phenomenon of aerial yarn is avoided, the content of fiber resin is uniform, and the surplus resin is timely recycled.
Step 2) to the bell and spigot axial strengthen processing, because receive technological restriction, the pipeline bell and spigot can only carry out the hoop winding during the winding, can not carry out the spiral winding, therefore pipeline bell and spigot axial strength is serious not enough, in order to increase pipeline bell and spigot axial strength, strengthens processing to the bell and spigot axial, at glass fiber winding in-process (including interior winding and outer winding), according to design technological requirement add the pipeline bell and spigot position to the glass fiber fabric in proper order: firstly, when bell and spigot reinforcement is carried out, reinforcement modes of a bell mouth and a spigot are slightly different, for the bell mouth, a reinforcement material is uniformly distributed at the bell mouth part along the pipe wall direction, and for the spigot, the reinforcement material is mainly distributed at the part below a spigot rib groove along the pipe wall direction; secondly, when reinforcing materials are arranged on the bell and spigot, the reinforcing materials are spread to avoid the overlapping of the reinforcing materials so as to avoid poor infiltration of the materials; and thirdly, glue is timely supplemented to the glue poor area on the bell and spigot reinforcing material through a glue scraping device so as to ensure that the reinforcing material is fully soaked.
The step 2) of adding the sand is to add the quartz sand into the design position of the pipe wall structure through the sand adding cloth on the sand adding trolley according to the design process requirement, the sand adding width meets the design requirement, the thickness is accurate, the resin is uniform, the outer diameter of a sand layer is measured by a steel tape after the sand is added when the initial production or the product specification changes or the pipe wall thickness is unstable, the thickness of the sand layer is calculated according to the outer diameter, and the bell and spigot part of the pipe cannot be mixed with the sand.
The step 2) of sand pressing refers to that when 2-3 layers of sand are added, a pressing roller wound on a trolley is started, the pressing roller is pressed on the surface of a sand layer (manually or electrically), the pressing roller is used for at least one time of extrusion until the sand is added, and the sand layer is repeatedly extruded after the sand is added so as to ensure that the pipeline has smooth appearance, uniform wall thickness, compact pipeline structure and no pore; when the sand layer is extruded by a compression roller, the extrusion force is controlled, when the pressure is too low, the surface of the sand layer is uneven, and when the pressure is too high, the sand cloth is easy to crush; because the outer diameter of the pipe bellmouth is larger than the diameter of the straight pipe section, when the winding trolley returns, the compression roller is timely recovered at the reducing part of the bellmouth so as to avoid damaging equipment.
And 2) extruding bubbles from the inside of the film by using a pressing plate, so that no gap exists between the films and no bubbles exist between the films and the outer surface of the pipe.
And 3) the curing in the step 3) is natural curing or heat curing, wherein the natural curing is generally adopted, the heat curing is adopted when the ambient temperature is lower than 15 ℃, and when the heat curing is carried out, the distance between a heat source and the outer surface of the pipeline is not less than 20cm, and the rotating state of the mold is always concerned.
And 4) trimming, namely trimming by adopting an assembly cutter, wherein the assembly cutter consists of a cutter, a spacing cutter, a groove cutter, a marginal cutter and a plain cutter, the cutter is strictly matched according to the requirements of a pipeline bell and spigot size design table during cutter assembly so as to ensure that the sizes of all parts of a spigot are accurate, simultaneously, a die is prevented from being cut, and a new cutter is reassembled according to the requirements of the pipeline bell and spigot size design table when the specification of a product changes or the original cutter is seriously abraded.
And 4) trimming the bellmouth, namely adjusting the position of a cutter of the bellmouth to ensure that the cutter blade is perpendicular to the direction of a pipe shaft, keeping the chamfer length of the bellmouth to be 20 +/-5 mm according to the size of the mould, starting the cutter, simultaneously starting a water treatment system to control dust pollution, cutting burrs of the bellmouth, cutting the burrs of the bellmouth to prevent cutting the mould, stopping cutting when the depth of the cutter is 3 +/-1 mm away from the outer surface of the mould, manually cutting after demoulding the part which is not cut completely, and protecting the end part of the bellmouth of the pipeline by the burrs during demoulding.
And 4) adjusting the position of a spigot cutter, enabling a blade to be perpendicular to the direction of a pipe shaft, measuring the length of a pipe according to the requirements of a pipe spigot and spigot dimension design table, determining a cutting point, starting sharpening, controlling the cutter feeding and retracting direction and the grinding force during working through a dresser rocking wheel, simultaneously starting a water treatment system to control dust pollution, trimming a spigot rib groove of the pipe, cutting burrs, strictly controlling the dimension of a spigot sealing groove, repeatedly measuring the trimming amount in the trimming process, slowing down the cutter feeding speed until the trimming amount reaches the design dimension when the trimming amount is close to the design dimension, and finally performing dry grinding at the thickness of 1-2mm to improve the efficiency of the subsequent process.
And 4) surface treatment, namely removing dust on the surface of the socket of the pipeline, uniformly coating resin on the finishing surface of the socket after the outer surface of the socket is completely dried, and ensuring that the mould is in a constant-speed rotation state until the resin is cured after the coating is finished.
Step 5) demolding, namely when the Babbitt hardness of the outer surface of the pipeline is not lower than 25, adjusting the position of the supporting pipe platform to enable the center of the mold to be aligned with the center of a chuck of a tractor, adjusting the position of the chuck to enable the distance between the chuck and the surface of the mold to be controlled to be 5 +/-2 mm, clamping a flange of a shaft head of the mold on a chuck of a tractor trailer, clamping the end part of a socket of the pipeline by using the chuck, starting a hydraulic system on a portal frame to enable a hydraulic ejector rod to be ejected out of the portal frame at a constant speed and to be gradually ejected on a cross beam of the tractor trailer so as to enable the ejector rod to be continuously ejected, carefully observing the hydraulic gauge pressure on an oil cylinder in the ejecting process until the mold is ejected out of the pipeline, pulling out the mold from the interior of the pipeline by using a tractor when the ejecting distance is larger than 300mm, strictly controlling the hydraulic gauge pressure of the oil cylinder not to be higher than 30MPa in the demolding process, and lifting the mold out from the supporting pipe platform by using the tractor when the hydraulic ejecting distance is not lower than 300mm, descending platform to extreme lower position, to pipeline handling to assigned position on the platform to protection hydraulic system adopts the angle mill thoroughly to amputate pipeline bell and spigot deckle edge, evenly applies paint resin to solidification after the bell and spigot tip burr of polishing.
The glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe prepared by the preparation method meets the performance requirements of the national standard GB/T21238-2007 glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe, the inner surface of the pipe is smooth, the phenomena of cracking, layering, pinholes, impurities, poor glue areas, air bubbles, fiber infiltration and the like do not exist, the end surface of the pipe is flush, edges have no burrs, the outer surface has no obvious defects, and the average thickness, the inner diameter and the mechanical property of the pipe wall all meet the design requirements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
in the process of adding sand, a specially-made reinforcing agent is added into quartz sand and resin, and the reinforcing agent is prepared from nano silicon oxide, acetone and divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane platinum complex according to the weight ratio of 1: 4: 0.05, the average particle radius of the nano silicon oxide is 15-20nm, and the nano silicon oxide is used as a reinforcing agent through the crosslinking effect of a divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane platinum complex, so that the resin can be prevented from cracking and shrinking, and the mechanical property of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe can be further enhanced. The glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe with the specification and model number FRPM-I-1400-1.0-10000 according to the design requirement of GB/T21238-2007 is produced by the preparation method, and the initial ring stiffness is not lower than 10800N/m2。
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe comprises the following technical steps:
1) manufacturing a lining:
preparing materials according to the type and specification of the designed materials, wherein the materials are stacked orderly, safely and cleanly, the materials are prevented from being affected with damp strictly, and the storage distance of the accelerator and the curing agent is not less than 5 meters;
removing impurities on the surface of the die, leveling and smoothing the outer surface of the die, checking whether the structure of the die is intact or not, checking whether a welding seam of a shaft head is open-welded or not, uniformly coating the demolding wax on the outer surface of the die, repeatedly extruding to ensure that the wax layer on the surface of the die is uniform and the thickness meets the design requirement, waxing is needed for one time when the die is used for the first time or is used continuously for many times, and waxing frequency is increased when the demolding is difficult;
preparing a 50 mm-sized film according to the requirement of pipe diameter;
go up the membrane, install 200mm width film to dolly bracket on, open the main shaft, start the dolly and evenly twine the film on the mould surface, film overlap joint width is according to the designing requirement, twines to mould reducing department from the mould afterbody always and stops, changes 50mm film, adopts the same method with 50mm width film winding at mould reducing and working face position, the operating point: the film has uniform tension, lap joint width (designed value +/-5 mm) and no folds; secondly, the film of the contact part of the surface of the die and the resin is complete; the working surface and the variable diameter part of the die are easy to wrinkle, and the key control is realized;
Stirring resin with an accelerator and a curing agent for 120min, uniformly spraying the resin on the surface of a mold, uniformly winding a glass surface felt on the surface of the mold, uniformly winding the glass surface felt on the surface of the mold by a manual method, wherein the lapping width of the surface felt meets the design requirement (the design value is 5 +/-2 mm), the tension in the winding process is moderate, no fold is generated, meanwhile, the resin is sprayed on the surface of a felt layer, the resin content of the surface felt layer is enough to ensure that the resin of the knitting felt layer permeates from inside to outside so as to reduce the formation of bubbles of the knitting felt layer, and the resin amount is controlled until no surplus resin is separated from the mold;
winding a knitting felt on the surface of a mould, installing the knitting felt on a trolley bracket, winding the knitting felt on the surface of the mould through a trolley, wherein the lapping width of the knitting felt meets the design requirement (the design value is 10 +/-5 mm), enough resin is ensured on the surface of the surface felt before winding, no wrinkle exists, the diameter-variable part of the mould is subjected to key treatment, if the resin content is not enough to soak the knitting felt, the resin is supplemented on the surface of the knitting felt, the knitting felt is fully soaked by the resin through compression roller extrusion, the surface density of the knitting felt is generally far greater than that of the surface felt, the sufficient resin content is ensured, and the resin content meets the requirement of a design file;
Then winding the gridding cloth on the outer surface of the knitted felt, installing the gridding cloth on a trolley bracket, flattening the gridding cloth, starting the trolley, winding the gridding cloth on the outer surface of the knitted felt through certain tension, wherein the lapping width of the gridding cloth meets the design requirement (the design value is 15 +/-5 mm), and the outer surface is flat; repeatedly extruding bubbles on the surface of the lining by using a compression roller, extruding surplus resin to a low-glue area to ensure that the resin content on the surface of the lining is uniform and bubble-free, the outer surface of the lining is flat, performing far infrared deep curing after no resin nodules, uniformly rotating the finished semi-finished product at a curing station at a surface speed of 20 cm/s to keep the temperature of the semi-finished product at 45 +/-1 ℃, and performing the next step when the curing hardness is not lower than 40 Babbitt hardness;
the accelerator is cobalt water, the curing agent is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, the resin is selected from unsaturated polyester resin, the lining layer resin is selected from m-benzene type unsaturated polyester resin, and the mass ratio of the accelerator to the curing agent to the resin is 0.3: 2: 100, respectively;
2) winding:
starting a winding machine control system, and setting parameters, wherein the parameters comprise: the device comprises a pipeline, a pipeline length, a winding angle, a yarn sheet width, a machine head stopping angle, a machine tail stopping angle, a machine head (tail) plus-minus angle, the number of inner ring layers, the number of inner spiral layers, the number of inner ring layers and the number of outer spiral layers;
Checking whether the equipment runs normally, debugging the winding line type when the initial production or the product specification changes, and measuring whether the thread pitch and the width of the yarn sheet meet the design requirements;
yarn arrangement, namely, yarns are uniformly and orderly arranged on a creel in a layered mode, two adjacent rolls of yarns are connected end to end, the designed number of yarns pass through a yarn guide head of a winding trolley through a yarn threading hole, the yarns must be orderly arranged on the creel, otherwise, the yarn disorder phenomenon easily occurs in the production process, the joints of the two adjacent rolls of yarns are as small as possible, and otherwise, the yarns are easy to be agglomerated when passing through the yarn guide head of the trolley;
according to the design requirement, glass fiber is wound on the surface of the lining layer by layer according to the design line type, the winding line type is accurate, the pipe head and the pipe tail have no slide line phenomenon, the glass fiber tension is uniform and meets the design requirement, the quantity is accurate, broken yarns are timely repaired, the surface of the pipeline is smooth, the yarn overhead phenomenon cannot occur, the fiber resin content is uniform, and the surplus resin is timely recycled;
strengthen the processing to the bell and spigot axial, in order to increase pipeline bell and spigot axial strength, strengthen the processing to the bell and spigot axial, at glass fiber winding in-process (including interior winding and outer winding), add the pipeline bell and spigot position to glass fiber fabric in proper order according to the design process requirement: firstly, when bell and spigot reinforcement is carried out, reinforcement modes of a bell mouth and a spigot are slightly different, for the bell mouth, a reinforcement material is uniformly distributed at the bell mouth part along the pipe wall direction, and for the spigot, the reinforcement material is mainly distributed at the part below a spigot rib groove along the pipe wall direction; secondly, when reinforcing materials are arranged on the bell and spigot, the reinforcing materials are spread to avoid the overlapping of the reinforcing materials so as to avoid poor infiltration of the materials; the glue poor area on the bell and spigot reinforcing material needs to be supplemented with glue in time through a glue scraping device so as to ensure that the reinforcing material is fully infiltrated;
Adding sand, namely adding quartz sand into the design position of the pipe wall structure through a sand adding cloth on a sand adding trolley according to the design process requirement, wherein the sand adding width meets the design requirement, the thickness is accurate, the resin is uniform, the outer diameter of a sand layer is measured by a steel tape after the sand is added when the primary production or the product specification changes or the pipe wall thickness is unstable, the thickness of the sand layer is calculated according to the outer diameter, and the bell and spigot part of the pipe cannot be sanded;
the sand adding, wherein the quartz sand, the resin and the reinforcing agent are added according to the proportion of 8: 90: 2, the particle size of the quartz sand is 5-20 meshes; the reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon oxide, acetone and divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane platinum complex according to the weight ratio of 1: 4: 0.05 by mass ratio;
pressing sand, namely starting a press roller on a winding trolley when 2-3 layers of sand are added, pressing the press roller on the surface of a sand layer (manually or electrically), extruding at least once by using the press roller until the sand is added, and repeatedly extruding the sand layer after the sand is added so as to ensure that the pipeline has a smooth appearance, uniform wall thickness, compact pipeline structure and no pore; when the sand layer is extruded by a compression roller, the extrusion force is controlled, when the pressure is too low, the surface of the sand layer is uneven, and when the pressure is too high, the sand cloth is easy to crush; because the outer diameter of the pipe bellmouth is larger than the diameter of the straight pipe section, when the winding trolley returns, the compression roller is recovered in time at the reducing part of the bellmouth so as to avoid damaging equipment;
Performing outer layer winding, scraping the residual resin on the surface of the pipeline by using a scraper, winding the film on the outer surface of the pipeline after the pipeline is wound, and simultaneously extruding bubbles from the inside of the film by using a pressing plate;
3) and (3) curing: after winding, immediately hoisting the mould with the pipe to a curing station, starting a main shaft to enable the mould to be in a uniform rotation state for curing, generally adopting natural curing, adopting heat curing when the ambient temperature is lower than 15 ℃, and when carrying out heat curing, keeping the distance between a heat source and the outer surface of the pipeline to be not less than 20cm and constantly paying attention to the rotation state of the mould;
4) trimming: detecting the curing degree of the pipeline, and finishing a bell mouth, a socket and surface treatment when the Babbitt hardness of the outer surface of the pipeline is not lower than 20;
the trimming is carried out by adopting an assembly cutter, the assembly cutter consists of a cutter, a spacing cutter, a groove cutter, a marginal cutter and a plain cutter, the cutter is strictly assembled according to the requirements of a pipeline bell and spigot dimension design table when the cutter is assembled so as to ensure that the dimensions of all parts of a spigot are accurate, simultaneously, the die is prevented from being cut, and a new cutter is reassembled according to the requirements of the pipeline bell and spigot dimension design table when the specification of a product changes or the original cutter is seriously abraded;
The bellmouth trimming comprises the steps of adjusting the position of a bellmouth cutter, enabling a blade to be perpendicular to the direction of a pipe shaft, keeping the length of a bellmouth chamfer to be 20 +/-5 mm according to the size of a mould, starting the cutter, simultaneously starting a water treatment system to control dust pollution, cutting burrs of the bellmouth, stopping cutting when the cutter is 3 +/-1 mm away from the outer surface of the mould, manually cutting after demoulding of a part which is not cut completely in order to prevent cutting damage to the mould, and protecting the end part of the bellmouth of the pipeline by the bellmouth burrs during demoulding;
the socket is repaired by adjusting the position of a socket cutter, enabling a blade to be perpendicular to the direction of a pipe shaft, measuring the length of a pipeline according to the requirements of a pipeline socket dimension design table, determining a cutting point, starting sharpening, controlling the cutter feeding and retracting direction and the grinding force during working through a dresser rocking wheel, simultaneously starting a water treatment system to control dust pollution, repairing a rib groove of the pipeline socket, cutting burrs, strictly controlling the dimension of a socket sealing groove, repeatedly measuring the finishing amount in the repairing process, slowing down the cutter feeding speed until the finishing amount reaches the design dimension when the finishing amount is close to the design dimension, and finally performing dry grinding with the thickness of 1-2mm to improve the efficiency of the subsequent process;
The surface treatment is to remove dust on the surface of the socket of the pipeline, evenly brush resin on the finishing surface of the socket after the outer surface of the socket is completely dried, and ensure that the mould is in a constant-speed rotation state until the resin is solidified after the brushing is finished;
5) demolding: when the Babbitt hardness of the outer surface of the pipeline is not less than 25, adjusting the position of the supporting pipe platform to enable the center of the mould to be aligned with the center of a chuck of a tractor, adjusting the position of the chuck to enable the distance between the chuck and the surface of the mould to be controlled at 5 +/-2 mm, clamping a flange of a shaft head of the mould on a chuck of a traction trailer, clamping the end part of a socket of the pipeline by using the chuck, starting a hydraulic system on a portal frame to enable a hydraulic ejector rod to eject from the portal frame at a constant speed and gradually eject onto a beam of the traction trailer so as to enable the ejector rod to continuously eject, carefully observing the pressure of a hydraulic gauge on an oil cylinder in the ejecting process until the mould is ejected from the pipeline, pulling out the mould from the interior of the pipeline by using a tractor when the ejecting distance is more than 300mm, strictly controlling the pressure of the hydraulic gauge of the oil cylinder not to be higher than 30MPa in the demoulding process, and lifting the mould out from the supporting pipe platform out of the pipeline by using the tractor when the hydraulic ejecting distance is not less than 300mm, and descending the platform to the lowest position, handling the pipeline to assigned position from the platform to protection hydraulic system adopts the angle mill thoroughly to amputate pipeline bell and spigot deckle edge, evenly applies paint resin to solidification with a brush after the bell and spigot tip burr of polishing.
Example 2:
compared with the embodiment 1, the preparation method of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe comprises the following steps:
in the liner manufacturing of the step 1), preparing a 200 mm-sized film according to the requirement of the pipe diameter;
the accelerator is cobalt water, the curing agent is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, the resin is selected from unsaturated polyester resin, the lining layer resin is selected from bisphenol A type unsaturated polyester resin, and the mass ratio of the accelerator to the curing agent to the resin is 0.3: 3: 100;
the other steps are the same as in example 1.
Example 3:
compared with the embodiment 1, the preparation method of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe comprises the following steps:
in the lining manufacturing of the step 1), preparing a film with the specification of 100mm according to the pipe diameter requirement;
the accelerator is cobalt water, the curing agent is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, the resin is selected from unsaturated polyester resin, the lining layer resin is selected from polyester resin or vinyl ester resin, and the mass ratio of the accelerator to the curing agent to the resin is 0.3: 2.5: 100, respectively;
the other steps are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1:
compared with the example 1, in the winding of the step 2), the sand adding, the quartz sand, the resin and the reinforcing agent are performed according to the following steps of 8: 90: 0, no reinforcing agent was added.
The other steps are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2:
compared with the embodiment 1, in the winding of the step 2), the sand adding, wherein the quartz sand, the resin and the reinforcing agent are performed according to the ratio of 8: 90: 2, the particle size of the quartz sand is 5-20 meshes; the reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon oxide, acetone and divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane platinum complex according to the weight ratio of 1: 4: 0, namely, the reinforcing agent is not added with divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane platinum complex.
The other steps are the same as in example 1.
The experimental results are as follows:
table 1: product analysis test report
And (4) analyzing results:
1) compared with the example, the sand adding step of the comparative example 1 has no reinforcing agent, so that the initial mechanical properties of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe obtained in the comparative example 1 are reduced, and particularly, the initial ring stiffness, the initial hoop tensile strength, the initial axial tensile strength and the initial hoop bending strength are obviously different from the example.
2) Comparative example 2 compared with the examples, since the divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane platinum complex was not added to the reinforcing agent in the sanding step of comparative example 1, the initial mechanical properties of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sandpipe obtained in comparative example 2 are still different from those of the examples, indicating that the presence of the divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane platinum complex in the reinforcing agent has an effect of improving the initial mechanical properties.
The above description is for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and all changes and modifications that can be made within the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe is characterized by comprising the following technical steps:
1) lining manufacturing: preparing materials according to the type and specification of a designed material, removing impurities on the surface of a mould, uniformly coating demoulding wax on the outer surface of the mould, repeatedly extruding to ensure that the wax layer on the surface of the mould is uniform and the thickness meets the design requirement, preparing films with different specifications according to different pipe diameters, coating a film, fully stirring resin with an accelerant and a curing agent, uniformly spraying the resin on the surface of the mould, uniformly winding a glass surface felt on the surface of the mould, winding a knitted felt on the surface of the mould, winding a mesh fabric on the outer surface of the knitted felt, repeatedly extruding the surface of a lining by a compression roller to eliminate bubbles, and then carrying out far infrared deep curing;
2) winding: starting a winding machine control system, setting parameters, checking whether the equipment runs normally, arranging yarns, winding glass fibers on the surface of the inner liner layer by layer according to design requirements, carrying out axial reinforcement treatment on a bell and spigot, adding sand, pressing the sand, carrying out outer layer winding, scraping glue by using a scraper to recover residual resin on the surface of the pipeline, winding a film on the outer surface of the pipeline after the pipeline is wound, and extruding bubbles from the inside of the film by using a pressing plate;
The sand adding, wherein the quartz sand, the resin and the reinforcing agent are added according to the proportion of 8: 90: 2, the particle size of the quartz sand is 5-20 meshes; the reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon oxide, acetone and divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane platinum complex according to the weight ratio of 1: 4: 0.05, and uniformly mixing;
3) and (3) curing: after winding, immediately hoisting the mould with the pipe to a curing station, and starting the main shaft to enable the mould to be in a uniform rotation state for curing;
4) trimming: detecting the curing degree of the pipeline, and finishing a bell mouth, a socket and surface treatment when the Babbitt hardness of the outer surface of the pipeline is not lower than 20;
5) demolding: and when the Babbitt hardness of the outer surface of the pipeline is not lower than 25, demolding, completely cutting off burrs of the socket of the pipeline, polishing burrs at the end part of the socket, and then uniformly coating resin until the resin is cured.
2. The method for preparing the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation of the films with different specifications according to different pipe diameters in the step 1) means that the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe adopts two specifications of films of 50mm and 200 mm.
3. The method for preparing the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the accelerator in the step 1) is cobalt water, the curing agent is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and the resin is selected from unsaturated polyester resin, wherein the lining layer resin is selected from one of m-benzene type unsaturated polyester resin and bisphenol A type unsaturated polyester resin; the mass ratio of the accelerator, the curing agent and the resin is in the range of 0.3: (2-3): 100, respectively; the sufficient stirring means stirring for at least 120 min.
4. The method for preparing the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step 1) of uniformly spraying the resin on the surface of the mold means that the resin is controlled until no surplus resin is separated from the mold.
5. The method for preparing the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: uniformly winding the glass surface felt on the surface of the mould in the step 1), wherein the glass surface felt is uniformly wound on the surface of the mould by a manual method, the lapping width of the surface felt meets the design requirement, the tension in the winding process is moderate, no folds exist, meanwhile, the resin is sprayed on the surface of the felt layer, and the resin content of the surface felt layer is enough to ensure that the resin of the knitting felt layer permeates from inside to outside.
6. The method for preparing the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step 1) of repeatedly extruding the surface of the lining by using the compression roller to eliminate bubbles refers to repeatedly extruding bubbles on the surface of the lining by using the compression roller, and extruding surplus resin to a glue-poor area to ensure that the resin content on the surface of the lining is uniform, no bubbles exist, the outer surface of the lining is smooth, and no resin nodules exist.
7. The method for preparing the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the deep curing in the step 1) means that the finished semi-finished product rotates at a constant speed at a surface speed of 20 cm/second in a curing station, the temperature of the semi-finished product is kept at 45 +/-1 ℃, and when the curing hardness is not lower than 40 Babbitt hardness, the next step is carried out.
8. The method for preparing the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step 2) of adding the sand is to add the quartz sand into the design position of the pipe wall structure through the sand adding cloth on the sand adding trolley according to the design process requirement, wherein the sand adding width meets the design requirement, the thickness is accurate, and the resin is uniform.
9. The method for preparing the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the curing in the step 3) is natural curing or heat curing, and the heat curing is adopted when the ambient temperature is lower than 15 ℃.
10. The method for preparing the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand inclusion pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 4) surface treatment, namely removing dust on the surface of the socket of the pipeline, uniformly coating resin on the finishing surface of the socket after the outer surface of the socket is completely dried, and ensuring that the mould is in a constant-speed rotation state until the resin is cured after the coating is finished.
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