CN112304200B - Measuring point determining device and measuring point determining method - Google Patents

Measuring point determining device and measuring point determining method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112304200B
CN112304200B CN202011110428.3A CN202011110428A CN112304200B CN 112304200 B CN112304200 B CN 112304200B CN 202011110428 A CN202011110428 A CN 202011110428A CN 112304200 B CN112304200 B CN 112304200B
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telescopic rod
measured
telescopic
adjusting
connecting plate
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CN112304200A (en
Inventor
李星
张鹏
钟晓林
赵展
韦先林
肖金辉
谢明娜
魏耀成
周康明
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Guangzhou Construction Quality And Safety Testing Center Co ltd
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Guangzhou Construction Quality And Safety Testing Center Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/20Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/0002Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/02Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring point determining device which comprises a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod which are connected with each other, wherein an included angle is formed between the axis direction of the first telescopic rod and the axis direction of the second telescopic rod. The second telescopic link can contract to enable the first telescopic link to abut against an object to be measured, such as a bridge, the position of the point to be measured is marked by using the tail end of the first telescopic link, the distance value of the point to be measured is determined by using the length of the first telescopic link, and the accuracy of the distance value is guaranteed. First telescopic link receives to be measured the object butt and contracts, can reduce the degree of accuracy of crooked influence distance value, can enclose the figure of establishing and the appearance parameter of to be measured object through first telescopic link, second telescopic link, the profile of to be measured this moment, and the accurate length of calculating behind the first telescopic link change obtains the accurate distance value of waiting to measure the point, has improved the degree of accuracy of measuring the point position.

Description

Measuring point determining device and measuring point determining method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridges, in particular to the technical field of bridge detection.
Background
After the bridge is put into use, the bridge needs to be detected regularly or irregularly, wherein the bridge comprises strain detection of the bridge so as to reflect the internal force condition of the bridge. For the cross section of the bridge, as shown in fig. 1, the position of the neutral axis of the bridge and the relevant parameters of the shape of the cross section of the bridge, such as the angle a in fig. 1, are marked in the finished data. According to the formula, the strain is My/(EI), wherein the same cross section and M, E, I are the same, and the y is usually represented by h and the position data of the neutral axis in the actual measurement, so the position h of the installation of the measuring point directly influences the correlation relationship between the test data and the theoretical value, the actual distribution of the stress gradient, and the position of the neutral axis in the actual environment such as the installation and the use of the bridge. The spot placement is mainly performed manually, generally by using a tape measure, and the distance value (h in fig. 1) from the position of the measuring point to the position of the beam bottom is measured, which is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the distance value.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a measuring point determining apparatus to improve the accuracy of the position of the measuring point.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
the measuring point determining device comprises a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod which are connected with each other, and an included angle is formed between the axis direction of the first telescopic rod and the axis direction of the second telescopic rod.
Preferably, the invention further comprises a connecting structure, wherein the connecting structure is respectively connected with the second telescopic rod and the object to be measured; and the connecting structure is provided with a first adjusting device for adjusting the inclination of the second telescopic rod and the object to be measured along a first rotating direction.
Preferably, the connecting structure is further provided with a second adjusting device for adjusting the inclination of the second telescopic rod and the object to be measured along a second rotating direction, and a rotating axis of the second rotating direction is perpendicular to a rotating axis of the first rotating direction.
Preferably, the connecting structure includes a connecting body and a connecting plate, the first adjusting device is connected to the connecting body and the connecting plate, the first adjusting device is configured to adjust a tilt degree of the connecting body and the connecting plate along the first rotation direction, and the second adjusting device is connected to the connecting plate and the second telescopic rod, respectively.
Preferably, the second adjusting device includes a third telescopic rod and a fourth telescopic rod, both the third telescopic rod and the fourth telescopic rod are arranged such that one end is connected to the second telescopic rod and the other end is connected to the connecting plate, and the third telescopic rod and the fourth telescopic rod are arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the first rotation direction.
Preferably, the second telescopic rod is provided with a sliding chute, the third telescopic rod is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is pivoted with the third telescopic rod, and the connecting block is in sliding connection with the sliding chute; one end of the fourth telescopic rod is pivoted with the second telescopic rod, and one end of the fourth telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the connecting block.
Preferably, the third telescopic rod and the fourth telescopic rod are both provided with one end pivoted with the second telescopic rod and the other end pivoted with the connecting plate.
Preferably, a marking device is arranged at one end of the first telescopic rod, which is far away from the second telescopic rod.
Preferably, the marking device comprises a storage container for storing the marking liquid, and the storage container is provided with a contact type nozzle.
A measuring point determining method comprises the measuring point determining device and further comprises the following steps: adjusting the length of the first telescopic rod to a preset range; fixedly connecting the connecting structure with an object to be measured; the direction of the second telescopic rod is adjusted through the first adjusting device and the second adjusting device, so that the second telescopic rod is abutted to the object to be measured, and the tail end of the first telescopic rod and the axis of the second telescopic rod are located in the cross section of the object to be measured; shortening the second telescopic rod to enable the tail end of the first telescopic rod to abut against an object to be measured; and determining the distance from the object to be measured to the first telescopic rod through the second telescopic rod, and calculating the length of the first telescopic rod according to the included angle between the axis direction of the first telescopic rod and the axis direction of the second telescopic rod and the appearance parameter of the object to be measured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the second telescopic link can contract to enable the first telescopic link to abut against an object to be measured, such as a bridge, the position of the point to be measured can be marked by utilizing the tail end of the first telescopic link, the distance value of the point to be measured can be determined by utilizing the length of the first telescopic link, and the accuracy of the distance value is guaranteed. The first telescopic link receives the butt of the object of awaiting measuring and contracts, can reduce the degree of accuracy of the crooked influence distance value of first telescopic link, can enclose the figure of establishing and the appearance parameter of the object of awaiting measuring through first telescopic link, second telescopic link, the profile of awaiting measuring this moment, accurately calculate the length behind the first telescopic link change, obtain the accurate distance value of awaiting measuring the point, improved the degree of accuracy of measuring the point position.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of bridge cross section strain measurement.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the measurement point determination apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the measurement point determination device according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a usage state of the measurement point determination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a first telescopic rod, 2-a second telescopic rod, 21-a chute, 22-a scale section, 3-a connecting body, 4-a connecting plate, 5-a third telescopic rod, 51-a connecting block, 6-a fourth telescopic rod and 7-a storage container.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. In addition, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and the described embodiments are merely a subset of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than a complete embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, this is an embodiment of the invention, specifically: the utility model provides a measuring point confirming device, includes first telescopic link 1 and second telescopic link 2 of interconnect, and the axis direction of first telescopic link 1 and the axis direction of second telescopic link 2 are equipped with the contained angle. As shown in fig. 3, the second telescopic rod 2 can be retracted to enable the first telescopic rod 1 to abut against a bridge, the tail end of the first telescopic rod 1 is used for marking the position of the point to be measured, the length of the first telescopic rod 1 is used for determining the distance value h of the point to be measured, and the accuracy of the distance value h is guaranteed. When the first telescopic rod 1 is abutted by the bridge and contracted, the accuracy of the bending influence distance value h can be reduced, at the moment, a triangle and the shape parameter of an object to be measured can be enclosed by the first telescopic rod 1, the second telescopic rod 2 and the outline of the bridge, for example, an angle A in fig. 1, the length of the first telescopic rod 1 after change is accurately calculated, and the accurate distance value h of the point to be measured is obtained. An included angle B between the axial direction of the first telescopic rod 1 and the axial direction of the second telescopic rod 2 shown in fig. 3 is set to be a right angle, so that the calculated amount can be reduced; however, the included angle B may be set to other values as needed, and then calculated by a trigonometric function.
Example 2
Different from the embodiment 1, the device further comprises a connecting structure, wherein the connecting structure is respectively connected with the second telescopic rod 2 and the object to be measured; the connecting structure is provided with a first adjusting device for adjusting the inclination of the second telescopic rod 2 and the object to be measured along the first rotating direction. The connecting structure can fix the measuring point determining device on the bridge, and avoids the user from generating ache due to long-term hand support. Through setting up first adjusting device, can make second telescopic link 2 keep the laminating with the bridge bottom surface after using connection structure to install the measuring point confirming device to the bridge, guarantee the measuring accuracy. The first rotating direction can be arranged on the plane where the cross section of the bridge is located, namely the second telescopic rod 2 can rotate on the plane where the cross section of the bridge is located, and at the moment, the rotating axis of the first rotating direction is along the front-back direction of the bridge, so that the measuring point determining device can be applied to the condition that the bridge inclines left and right.
Further as a preferred embodiment, the connecting structure is further provided with a second adjusting device for adjusting the inclination of the second telescopic rod 2 and the object to be measured along a second rotating direction, and the rotating axis of the second rotating direction is arranged perpendicular to the rotating axis of the first rotating direction, in which case the rotating axis of the second rotating direction can be arranged along the left and right direction of the bridge. The rotation axis of the first rotation direction and the rotation axis of the second rotation direction form an adjusting plane, the first telescopic rod 1 is connected with the second telescopic rod 2, and then the first telescopic rod 1 can be adjusted to be perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bridge through the first adjusting device and the second adjusting device, so that the measuring point determining device can be suitable for bridge sections which are inclined left and right and inclined front and back.
Further as a preferred embodiment, the connecting structure comprises a connecting body 3 and a connecting plate 4, wherein a first adjusting device is connected with the connecting body 3 and the connecting plate 4 respectively, the first adjusting device is used for adjusting the inclination degree of the connecting body 3 and the connecting plate 4 along a first rotating direction, and a second adjusting device is connected with the connecting plate 4 and the second telescopic rod 2 respectively. The connecting plate 4 can be observed by a user, namely, whether the whole measuring connecting plate 4 is parallel to the bottom surface of the bridge or not is observed, and a coarse adjustment reference is provided.
Further as a preferred embodiment, the second adjusting device comprises a third telescopic rod 5 and a fourth telescopic rod 6, the third telescopic rod 5 and the fourth telescopic rod 6 are both arranged with one end connected with the second telescopic rod 2 and the other end connected with the connecting plate 4, and the third telescopic rod 5 and the fourth telescopic rod 6 are arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the first rotation direction, such as the left and right direction of the bridge.
Example 3
Different from the embodiment 2, the second telescopic rod 2 is provided with a sliding chute 21, the third telescopic rod 5 is provided with a connecting block 51, the connecting block 51 is pivoted with the third telescopic rod 5, and the connecting block 51 is connected with the sliding chute 21 in a sliding manner; one end of the fourth telescopic rod 6 is pivoted with the second telescopic rod 2, and one end of the fourth telescopic rod 6 is fixedly connected with the connecting block 51.
Example 4
Different from embodiment 2, the third telescopic rod 5 and the fourth telescopic rod 6 are both arranged to have one end pivoted with the second telescopic rod 2 and the other end pivoted with the connecting plate 4.
Example 5
Different from the embodiment 1, a marking device is arranged on one end of the first telescopic rod 1 far away from the second telescopic rod 2. The marking device can enable the tail end of the first telescopic rod 1 to mark the position of a point to be measured, and the marking device can comprise a scribing structure, a pasting structure and the like.
Further as a preferred embodiment, the marking device comprises a storage container 7 for storing the marking liquid, the storage container 7 being provided with a contact nozzle. The marking liquid may be arranged to be painted, the contact nozzle enabling the storage container 7 to be painted automatically with the marking when it comes into contact with the bridge.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, this is an embodiment of the present invention, specifically: the utility model provides a measuring point confirming device, includes first telescopic link 1 and second telescopic link 2 of interconnect, and the axis direction of first telescopic link 1 and the axis direction of second telescopic link 2 are equipped with contained angle B, and contained angle B sets up to the right angle. The measuring points are determined, i.e. the position parameters of the measuring points are determined, as in fig. 4, the distance h from the measuring points to the bridge floor plane is determined. The telescopic link can be set up as the scalable body of rod that a plurality of hollow cylinder poles are constituteed, if adopt the scalable hollow cylinder pole that metal strip or plastic sheet roll system formed, or adopt like the body of rod structure that can stretch out and draw back that uses from rapping bar.
The measuring point determining device further comprises a connecting structure, the connecting structure comprises a connecting body 3 and a connecting plate 4, the first adjusting device can be set to be a rolling bearing structure or a knob structure or a universal wheel structure, the first adjusting device is provided with a locking device at the same time, the first adjusting device is respectively connected with the connecting body 3 and the connecting plate 4, the first adjusting device is used for adjusting the inclination degree of the connecting body 3 and the connecting plate 4 along the extension direction of the bridge, the connecting body 3 is fixedly connected with the bridge, the connecting plate 4 actually rotates relative to the connecting body 3, and the second adjusting device is respectively connected with the connecting plate 4 and the second telescopic rod 2. The connecting body 3 can be fixed with the bridge through super glue.
The connecting structure is also provided with a second adjusting device for adjusting the inclination of the second telescopic rod 2 and the object to be measured along a second rotating direction, and the rotating axis of the second rotating direction is perpendicular to the rotating axis of the first rotating direction. The second adjusting device comprises a third telescopic rod 5 and a fourth telescopic rod 6, the third telescopic rod 5 and the fourth telescopic rod 6 are both arranged to be connected with the second telescopic rod 2 at one end and connected with the connecting plate 4 at the other end, and the third telescopic rod 5 and the fourth telescopic rod 6 are arranged along the direction of the rotation axis of the first rotation direction. The direction of the axis of rotation of the first direction of rotation is arranged in the left-right direction of the bridge, i.e. in the lateral direction of the bridge. The second telescopic rod 2 is provided with a sliding chute 21, the third telescopic rod 5 is provided with a connecting block 51, the connecting block 51 is pivoted with the third telescopic rod 5, and the connecting block 51 is in sliding connection with the sliding chute 21; one end of the fourth telescopic rod 6 is pivoted with the second telescopic rod 2, and one end of the fourth telescopic rod 6 is fixedly connected with the connecting block 51.
One end of the first telescopic rod 1, which is far away from the second telescopic rod 2, is provided with a marking device. The marking device comprises a reservoir 7 for storing a marking liquid, the reservoir 7 being provided with a contact nozzle. The marking liquid may be provided as a paint spray, the contact nozzle allowing the storage container 7 to automatically paint the mark when it comes into contact with the bridge. The second telescopic rod 2 comprises a scale segment 22.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, this is an embodiment of the present invention, specifically: the utility model provides a measuring point confirming device, includes first telescopic link 1 and second telescopic link 2 of interconnect, and the axis direction of first telescopic link 1 and the axis direction of second telescopic link 2 are equipped with the contained angle.
The measuring point determining device also comprises a connecting structure which is respectively connected with the second telescopic rod 2 and the object to be measured; the connecting structure is provided with a first adjusting device for adjusting the inclination of the second telescopic rod 2 and the object to be measured along the first rotating direction.
The connecting structure is further provided with a second adjusting device for adjusting the inclination of the second telescopic rod 2 and the object to be measured along a second rotating direction, and the second rotating direction is perpendicular to the first rotating direction.
The connecting structure comprises a connecting body 3 and a connecting plate 4, a first adjusting device is respectively connected with the connecting body 3 and the connecting plate 4, the first adjusting device is used for adjusting the inclination degree of the connecting body 3 and the connecting plate 4 along a first rotating direction, and a second adjusting device is respectively connected with the connecting plate 4 and the second telescopic rod 2.
The second adjusting device comprises a third telescopic rod 5 and a fourth telescopic rod 6, the third telescopic rod 5 and the fourth telescopic rod 6 are both arranged to be connected with the second telescopic rod 2 at one end and connected with the connecting plate 4 at the other end, and the third telescopic rod 5 and the fourth telescopic rod 6 are arranged along the second rotating direction.
The third telescopic rod 5 and the fourth telescopic rod 6 are both arranged in a manner that one end is pivoted with the second telescopic rod 2 and the other end is pivoted with the connecting plate 4.
One end of the first telescopic rod 1, which is far away from the second telescopic rod 2, is provided with a marking device. The marking device can enable the tail end of the first telescopic rod 1 to mark the position of a point to be measured, and the marking device can comprise a scribing structure, a pasting structure and the like.
The marking device comprises a storage container 7 for storing a marking liquid, the storage container 7 being provided with a contact nozzle. The marking liquid may be arranged to be painted, the contact nozzle enabling the storage container 7 to be painted automatically with the marking when it comes into contact with the bridge. The second telescopic rod 2 comprises a scale segment 22.
Example 8
A measuring point determining method comprises the measuring point determining device and further comprises the following steps: adjusting the length of the first telescopic rod 1 to a preset range; fixedly connecting the connecting structure with an object to be measured; the position of the second telescopic rod 2 is adjusted through the first adjusting device and the second adjusting device, so that the second telescopic rod 2 is abutted to the object to be measured, and the tail end of the first telescopic rod 1 and the axis of the second telescopic rod 2 are located in the cross section of the object to be measured; shortening the second telescopic rod 2 to enable the tail end of the first telescopic rod 1 to abut against an object to be measured; the distance from the object to be measured to the first telescopic rod 1 is determined through the second telescopic rod 2, and the length of the first telescopic rod 1 is calculated according to the included angle between the axis direction of the first telescopic rod 1 and the axis direction of the second telescopic rod 2 and the appearance parameter of the object to be measured.
Example 9
A measuring point determining method comprises the measuring point determining device and further comprises the following steps: the length of the first telescopic rod 1 is adjusted to a preset range, namely the length is set to be close to the h value, and the length can be larger or smaller; fixedly connecting the connecting body 3 with the bridge; the inclination of the second telescopic rod 2 along the extension direction of the bridge and the left-right direction of the bridge is adjusted through the first adjusting device, the third telescopic rod 5 and the fourth telescopic rod 6, so that the second telescopic rod 2 is abutted against the bridge, and the tail end of the first telescopic rod 1 and the axis of the second telescopic rod 2 are both positioned in the cross section to be measured of the bridge; the second telescopic rod 2 is shortened, the tail end of the first telescopic rod 1 is abutted to the bridge, and the storage container 7 is automatically painted and marked through the contact type nozzle; the distance L between the object to be measured and the first telescopic rod 1 is determined to be L0+ L1 through the second telescopic rod 2, and the length h of the first telescopic rod 1 is calculated according to the included angle B between the axis direction of the first telescopic rod 1 and the axis direction of the second telescopic rod 2 and the included angle A of the bridge.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A measuring point determining device is characterized by comprising a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod which are connected with each other, wherein an included angle is formed between the axis direction of the first telescopic rod and the axis direction of the second telescopic rod; the connecting structure is also provided with a second adjusting device for adjusting the inclination of the second telescopic rod and the object to be measured along a second rotating direction; the connecting structure comprises a connecting body and a connecting plate; the second adjusting device comprises a third telescopic rod and a fourth telescopic rod, one end of each of the third telescopic rod and the fourth telescopic rod is connected with the second telescopic rod, the other end of each of the third telescopic rod and the fourth telescopic rod is connected with the connecting plate, and the third telescopic rods and the fourth telescopic rods are arranged in a rotating axis direction of the first rotating direction; the axis of rotation of the second direction of rotation is arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first direction of rotation.
2. The measurement point determining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the connecting structure is connected to the second telescopic rod and the object to be measured, respectively; and the connecting structure is provided with a first adjusting device for adjusting the inclination of the second telescopic rod and the object to be measured along a first rotating direction.
3. The measurement point determining apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first adjusting means is connected to the connecting body and the connecting plate, respectively, the first adjusting means is configured to adjust a degree of inclination of the connecting body and the connecting plate in the first rotational direction, and the second adjusting means is connected to the connecting plate and the second telescopic rod, respectively.
4. The device for determining a measuring point according to claim 1, wherein a sliding groove is formed in the second telescopic rod, a connecting block is formed in the third telescopic rod, the connecting block is pivoted with the third telescopic rod, and the connecting block is slidably connected with the sliding groove; one end of the fourth telescopic rod is pivoted with the second telescopic rod, and one end of the fourth telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the connecting block.
5. The measurement point determining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the third telescopic rod and the fourth telescopic rod are each provided with one end pivotally connected to the second telescopic rod and the other end pivotally connected to the connecting plate.
6. The measurement point determining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a marking device is provided on an end of the first telescopic rod remote from the second telescopic rod.
7. The measurement point determination device according to claim 6, wherein the marking device includes a storage container for storing a marking liquid, the storage container being provided with a contact nozzle.
8. A measurement point determination method comprising the measurement point determination device according to claim 3, further comprising the steps of: adjusting the length of the first telescopic rod to a preset range; fixedly connecting the connecting structure with an object to be measured; the direction of the second telescopic rod is adjusted through the first adjusting device and the second adjusting device, so that the second telescopic rod is abutted to the object to be measured, and the tail end of the first telescopic rod and the axis of the second telescopic rod are located in the cross section of the object to be measured; shortening the second telescopic rod to enable the tail end of the first telescopic rod to abut against an object to be measured; determining the distance from an object to be measured to the first telescopic rod through the second telescopic rod, and calculating the length of the first telescopic rod according to the included angle between the axis direction of the first telescopic rod and the axis direction of the second telescopic rod and the appearance parameter of the object to be measured; the shape parameter is an included angle A of the bridge.
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