CN112302594A - Method, device and equipment for determining connection structure of heterogeneous water-drive reservoir - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the specification discloses a method, a device and equipment for determining a connected structure of a heterogeneous water-drive reservoir, wherein the method comprises the steps of taking a connected coefficient and a time-lag constant of a control unit as parameters to be inverted, and inverting the parameters to be inverted based on measured data and predicted data of a production well of a target reservoir to obtain an inversion result of the connected coefficient and the time-lag constant of each control unit; wherein, the control unit refers to a pair of injection and production well groups in the target oil reservoir; sequencing the control units according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small; for any production well, determining the accumulated flow data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well, and determining the accumulated storage and capacity data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients and time lag constants of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well; and determining the connection structure of the target oil reservoir by using the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of oil and gas development technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a device for determining a communicating structure of a heterogeneous water-drive reservoir.
Background
The evaluation of the oil reservoir connectivity is the core content of reservoir description and characterization, directly determines the deployment and development mode of well pattern well spacing, the selection of the technology for improving the recovery ratio and the like, and has important significance for optimizing the injection and production structure, understanding the distribution characteristics of the residual oil and efficiently excavating potential.
The evaluation of the oil deposit connectivity is mostly based on geological modeling, the reliability of the result depends on physical parameters such as porosity, permeability, relative permeability and saturation at a grid, most of the parameter data are obtained by deducing from well point test results, and the error is relatively large. In addition, due to the inherent limitation of the monitoring technology, the measured physical property parameter data of the reservoir usually hardly reflects the original characteristics of the reservoir accurately and comprehensively, so that the accuracy of recognizing the oil reservoir communication relation is influenced. Based on this, inverting the communication relationship by fitting production dynamic data (liquid volume, bottom hole flow pressure, etc.) has become a very important method, such as a multiple regression model, a resistance-capacitance model (CRM), a multi-well production index, etc.
The resistance-capacitance model (CRM) is a hydrodynamic system which considers oil wells, water wells and interwell media, and analyzes the injection and production dynamic response rule on the basis of a signal analysis theory and a water and electricity similarity principle to reflect the injection and production communication degree and the signal time lag so as to achieve the purposes of evaluating the communication relation and knowing the heterogeneity of an oil reservoir. However, in the actual evaluation process of the CRM (singular value decomposition) connectivity of the heterogeneous water-drive reservoir, the problems that the physical significance of the characterization parameters is not clear, the evaluation result has multiple solutions, the single parameter cannot accurately characterize the seepage rule of the reservoir and the like exist, and the accuracy of the final connectivity evaluation result is influenced. Therefore, a more accurate method for determining the connected structure of the heterogeneous oil reservoir is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiments of the present specification is to provide a method, an apparatus, and a device for determining a connection structure of a heterogeneous water-drive reservoir, which can greatly improve the accuracy and efficiency of determining the connection structure of the heterogeneous reservoir.
The specification provides a method, a device and equipment for determining a communicating structure of a heterogeneous water drive reservoir, which are realized by the following steps:
a method for determining a connected structure of a heterogeneous water drive reservoir, the method comprising: taking the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units as parameters to be inverted, and inverting the parameters to be inverted based on the measured data and the predicted data of the production well of the target oil deposit to obtain the inversion results of the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units; wherein, the control unit refers to a pair of injection and production well groups in the target oil reservoir; sequencing the control units according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small; for any production well, determining the accumulated flow data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well, and determining the accumulated storage and capacity data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients and time lag constants of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well; and determining the connection structure of the target oil reservoir by using the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data.
In other embodiments of the method provided herein, the determining the connected structure of the target reservoir using the cumulative flow data and the cumulative volume data includes: constructing an association relation between the accumulated flowing data and the accumulated storage capacity data; and determining a connection structure of the target oil reservoir based on the association relationship between the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data.
In other embodiments of the method provided herein, the determining the connected structure of the target reservoir using the cumulative flow data and the cumulative volume data includes: referring to a Lorentz curve chart, drawing an incidence relation representation chart between the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data; and determining the communication structure of the target oil reservoir based on the drawn incidence relation representation plate.
In other embodiments of the method provided herein, the method further comprises: drawing a double-logarithm curve chart of the communication coefficient and the time-lag constant; correspondingly, the connected structure of the target oil reservoir is determined based on the double-logarithm curve chart of the connected coefficient and the time-lag constant and the incidence relation representation chart.
In other embodiments of the method provided in this specification, the determining the cumulative flow data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients of at least some of the control units that are ranked in the top and correspond to the corresponding production well includes: the cumulative flow data for the respective production well is determined using the following computational model:
wherein j represents the number of the production well, k represents the statistic number, m represents the forward sequencing digit number after sequencing each control unit of the production well j according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small, I represents the total number of the water injection wells, fijRepresenting the communication coefficient of the injection-production well group i-j, i representing the number of the water injection well, FmjRepresenting the cumulative flow data corresponding to the production well j under the top m control units.
In other embodiments of the method provided in this specification, the determining the accumulated capacity storage data of the corresponding production well by using the connection coefficients and the time lag constants of at least some of the control units that are ranked in the top and correspond to the corresponding production well includes:
wherein j represents the number of the production well, k represents the statistic number, m represents the forward sequencing digit number after sequencing each control unit of the production well j according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small, I represents the total number of the water injection wells, fijRepresenting the connectivity coefficient, τ, of the injection-production well group i-jijRepresenting the time lag constant of the injection-production well group i-j, i representing the number of the water injection well, CmjAnd (4) representing the accumulated storage capacity data corresponding to the production well j under the m control units in the front sequence.
In other embodiments of the methods provided herein, the predictive data for the production well is determined using the following computational model:
qij(tk) Is tkPredicted fluid production rate, t, for injection-production well group at time i-jkIndicates the time corresponding to the kth time step, qij(t0) Is t0Production rate, tau, of injection-production well group at time i-jijTime lag constant, Δ t, for i-j injection-production well groupsIs a time step, ewijWater invasion factor, f, for i-j injection-production well groupijIs the communication coefficient of the i-j injection-production well group, fijHas a value interval of [0,1 ]]，Ii (s)For the water injection speed, t, of the water injection well at the ith time stepsIndicating the time corresponding to the s-th time step.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an apparatus for determining a connected structure of a heterogeneous water-drive reservoir, where the apparatus includes: the inversion module is used for inverting the parameters to be inverted based on the measured data and the predicted data of the production well of the target oil deposit by taking the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units as the parameters to be inverted to obtain the inversion results of the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units; wherein, the control unit refers to a pair of injection and production well groups in the target oil reservoir; the equivalent parameter construction module is used for sequencing all the control units according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small; for any production well, determining the accumulated flow data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well, and determining the accumulated storage and capacity data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients and time lag constants of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well; and the connected structure determining module is used for determining the connected structure of the target oil reservoir by using the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data.
In other embodiments of the apparatus provided in this specification, the communication structure determining module includes: the chart construction unit is used for referring to a Lorentz curve chart and drawing an incidence relation representation chart between the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data; and the connected structure determining unit is used for determining the connected structure of the target oil reservoir based on the drawn incidence relation representation plate.
In another aspect, the present specification further provides a connected structure determination apparatus for a heterogeneous water drive reservoir, where the apparatus includes at least one processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, and the instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method according to any one or more of the above embodiments.
The method, the device and the equipment for determining the connection structure of the heterogeneous water drive reservoir provided by one or more embodiments of the specification can further determine the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data representing the accumulated flow capacity and the accumulated storage capacity of the reservoir on the basis of obtaining the connection coefficient and the time lag constant. Then, the change relationship between the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data can be analyzed, and whether the connectivity of the oil reservoir among the injection and production well groups is influenced by cracks, hypertonic strips or only barriers or the like is further analyzed based on the change relationship, so that the communication structure of the target oil reservoir is efficiently and accurately determined.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present specification, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for determining a connectivity structure of a heterogeneous water-drive reservoir provided in the present specification;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an injection and production well distribution in one embodiment provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a graphical illustration of a log-log plot of connectivity coefficients versus time-lag constants in one embodiment provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of an F-C curve in one embodiment provided herein;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the perforation of a water-drive reservoir containing a high permeability layer in one embodiment provided herein;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the results of evaluating the connectivity of a water flooding reservoir containing a high permeability layer in one embodiment provided herein;
FIG. 7 is a graphical representation of a log-log plot of the connectivity coefficient and time-lag constant for an embodiment of a device including a high permeation layer as provided herein;
FIG. 8 is a graphical representation of an F-C curve containing a high permeation layer in one example provided herein;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the injection-production relationship of a fractured water-drive reservoir in one embodiment provided herein;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connectivity evaluation results of a fractured water drive reservoir in an embodiment provided herein;
FIG. 11 is a graphical representation of a log-log plot of connectivity coefficient versus time lag constant for a fractured water-drive reservoir in an embodiment provided herein;
FIG. 12 is a graphical illustration of an F-C curve for a fractured water-drive reservoir in one embodiment provided herein;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a water-drive reservoir injection-production interwell communication structure identification chart in one embodiment provided in the present specification;
fig. 14 is a schematic block diagram of a connection structure determination apparatus for a heterogeneous water-drive reservoir provided in the present specification.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present specification, the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in one or more embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the specification, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on one or more embodiments of the present specification without making any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present specification.
The embodiment of the specification further provides a method for determining the connection structure of the heterogeneous water drive reservoir. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the method may be applied to a server. Accordingly, the method may comprise the following steps.
S20: taking the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units as parameters to be inverted, and inverting the parameters to be inverted based on the measured data and the predicted data of the production well of the target oil deposit to obtain the inversion results of the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units; wherein, the control unit refers to a pair of injection and production well groups in the target oil reservoir.
According to the injection and production well pattern form and relationship of the water drive oil reservoir, each injection and production well group is used as a control unit to analyze the inter-well connectivity of the heterogeneous water drive oil reservoir. Then, the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units can be used as parameters to be inverted, and the parameters to be inverted are inverted based on the actual measurement data and the prediction data of the production well of the target oil deposit, so that the inversion results of the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units are obtained.
In some embodiments, according to the water-drive reservoir injection-production well pattern form and relationship, each injection-production well group is used as a control unit, a quality conservation equation considering the influence of factors such as injection-production connectivity, pressure time hysteresis, change of a choke and the like is established, and a semi-analytical expression of the production well fluid production speed is deduced and established according to the time superposition and space superposition principles, and the formula is as follows:
qj(tk) Is tkThe fluid production rate of the production well j at that moment; t is tkIndicating the time corresponding to the kth time step number; q. q.sij(tk) The liquid production speed of the injection and production well group at the time t i-j; q. q.sij(t0) Is t0The liquid production speed of the injection and production well group at the time i-j; tau isijThe time lag constant of the i-j injection-production well group is obtained; the time lag constant can be used for representing the water injection effective time of the i-j injection-production well group, and the physical properties of the oil reservoir stratum of the i-j injection-production well group are reflected. e.g. of the typewijThe water invasion coefficient of the i-j injection and production well group is obtained; i isi(t) is the injection speed of the water injection well i at the moment t; i isijThe liquid production index of the i-j injection and production well group is shown; pwf,jThe bottom hole flowing pressure of the producing well j at the moment t; f. ofijIs the communication coefficient of the i-j injection-production well group, fijHas a value interval of [0,1 ]](ii) a The communication coefficient can also be called an interwell distribution coefficient, and can be used for reflecting the influence of water injection on the yield so as to represent the communication among injection and production well groups. N is a radical ofinjThe number of water injection wells is counted; Δ tsIs the time step; i isi (s)The water injection speed of the ith water injection well at the s time step is obtained;
a bottom hole flow differential pressure value representing the jth production well at time steps s and (s-1); t is tsIndicating the time corresponding to the s-th time step.
For the water-drive oil reservoir with medium and high water cut periods, the injection-production balance is generally satisfied, the bottom hole pressure of an injection-production well is basically kept unchanged,
approximately zero. The semi-analytical expression of the production well fluid production speed after neglecting the change of the bottom hole flowing pressure can be simplified as follows:
selecting production dynamic data such as oil well liquid production speed, bottom hole flowing pressure, water well injection speed and the like, establishing a target function reflecting the error size between a liquid production speed measured value of a production well and a liquid production speed predicted value predicted based on the production well liquid production speed semi-analytical expression by taking a communication coefficient and a time-lag constant as inversion parameters to be optimized. Accordingly, the specific form of the objective function may be:
l (m) is an objective function; m is an mx 1-order inversion parameter vector to be optimized; where m represents the number of parameters to be inverted. Assuming that the number of the control units is K, and the parameter to be inverted of each control unit is a connected coefficient and a time-lag constant, the number of the integral parameter m to be inverted of the target function is the product of the number of the control units and 2, namely m is equal to 2K. T is the transposition of a characterization vector or matrix; dobsIs the n x 1 order vector of the measured value, wherein n is the number of sampling points; g (m) an n × 1 order vector of predicted values; cDAn nxn order covariance matrix of error values; m ispriorThe average value of the prior model information of the vector m; cmIs an m x m order covariance matrix of the prior model.
Then, based on the objective function, the values of the communication coefficient and the time lag constant in the production well liquid production speed semi-analytical expression are adaptively adjusted through an optimization algorithm, so that the least square problem of the objective function is optimized and solved, and the communication coefficient and the time lag constant of the control unit corresponding to different injection and production well groups are obtained through inversion.
Of course, the above objective function is merely a preferred example, and in specific implementation, other types of inversion objective functions may also be used, which is not limited herein. The constructed production well liquid production speed semi-analytical expression can also be deformed according to actual needs, similar types of calculation models which utilize the communication coefficient and the time-lag constant to reflect the communication structure between injection and production well groups can be used alternatively by technicians in the field according to needs, and the calculation models are not limited here.
S22: sequencing the control units according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small; for any production well, determining the accumulated flow data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well, and determining the accumulated storage capacity data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients and the time lag constants of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well.
After determining the connectivity coefficient and the time lag constant of each control unit in step S20, the connectivity between the injection well groups corresponding to each control unit can be quantitatively analyzed using the connectivity coefficient and the time lag constant.
When the connectivity between injection and production well groups under the heterogeneous oil reservoir is analyzed by using the connectivity coefficient and the time lag constant, the connectivity coefficient reflects the distribution condition of water injection between wells, and the time lag constant reflects the physical property distribution between the well groups, so that corresponding technicians can only know the connectivity degree of the reservoir layer integrally. However, the actual heterogeneous oil reservoir has complex and variable structure, and various types of cracks, high permeability strips and the like may exist in the communication structure between wells, or the structure and distribution of the interlayer have great difference. The specific connected structure among the well groups cannot be determined directly based on the data distribution of the connection coefficient and the time lag constant.
Meanwhile, when the connectivity between the well groups is analyzed by directly utilizing the connectivity coefficient and the time-lag constant obtained by inversion, the technical personnel can only determine the connectivity condition between single well groups during analysis due to the fact that the data volume is huge and the data is loose, and cannot perform visual comparison analysis on the connectivity between the well groups. In actual exploitation, the connectivity among the well groups is influenced by the overall distribution characteristics of the oil reservoir, and the connectivity among the well groups can also change in real time along with the implementation of water injection exploitation. Correspondingly, only a single injection-production well group is used for analysis, a disjointing phenomenon easily exists between an analysis result and actual production, so that a technician cannot be effectively guided to reasonably allocate water injection conditions among well groups in the oil reservoir production process, and the whole development of an oil reservoir is not facilitated.
Correspondingly, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, the control units may be sorted in an order from large to small in communication coefficient, then, for any production well, the communication coefficient of at least a part of the control units that are in the front of the order and correspond to the corresponding production well is used to determine the accumulated flow data corresponding to the corresponding production well, and the communication coefficient and the time lag constant of at least a part of the control units that are in the front of the order and correspond to the corresponding production well are used to determine the accumulated storage capacity data corresponding to the corresponding production well. And further, the inter-well communication structure of the heterogeneous oil reservoir can be analyzed according to the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data.
In some embodiments, the following computational model may be used to determine cumulative flow data and cumulative reservoir data for each production well.
Wherein j represents the number of the production well, k represents the statistics, and m represents the forward sequencing digit of each control unit of the production well j after sequencing according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small. I represents the total number of water injection wells, corresponding to N in the formula of the above exampleinj。fijRepresenting the connectivity coefficient of the injection-production well group i-j,τijrepresenting the time lag constant of the injection-production well group i-j, i representing the number of the water injection well, FmjRepresents the cumulative flow data, C, corresponding to the production well j under the top m control unitsmjAnd (4) representing the accumulated storage capacity data corresponding to the production well j under the m control units in the front sequence. Correspondingly, the accumulative flow capacity of the oil reservoir corresponding to one or more control units can be represented by the accumulative flow data; and characterizing the accumulated storage capacity of one or more control units by using the accumulated storage capacity data, namely the capacity of the reservoir corresponding to the control unit for storing the flowing body.
S24: and determining the connection structure of the target oil reservoir by using the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data.
The cumulative flow data and cumulative volume data may be used to determine the connected structure of the target reservoir. The communication structure can comprise whether cracks exist among injection and production well groups, whether hypertonic strips exist, whether isolated layers exist and the like. For example, if the cumulative flow data obtained varies significantly from the cumulative reservoir data in order of the communication coefficient from large to small, it may indicate that the control unit of the production well having a large communication coefficient may be affected more by fractures or hypertonic zones. If the obtained accumulated flow data does not obviously change relative to the accumulated storage capacity data along with the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small, the method can indicate that the control unit corresponding to the production well is probably only influenced by the isolation layer. Therefore, the communication structure of the target oil reservoir can be determined simply and efficiently by analyzing the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data.
In some embodiments, an association between the cumulative flow data and cumulative storage data may be constructed; and determining a connection structure of the target oil reservoir based on the association relationship between the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data. Preferably, the Lorentz curve chart is also referred to, an incidence relation representation chart between the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data is drawn, and the communication structure of the target oil reservoir is determined based on the drawn incidence relation representation chart. In order to facilitate analysis, a Lorentz curve typical curve plate can be referred, and the correlation representation plate between the drawn accumulated flow capacity and the accumulated storage capacity is projected into the Lorentz curve typical curve plate so as to more accurately and intuitively analyze the communication structure of the target oil reservoir. For convenience of description, the projected plate can be described as an equivalent lorentz F-C curve plate in the following embodiments. Where F is the cumulative flow capacity and C is the cumulative storage capacity, F, C can be characterized by the cumulative flow data and the flow storage capacity data calculated as described above.
In other embodiments, a double-logarithmic curve plate of the connection coefficient and the time-lag constant can be drawn; correspondingly, the connected structure of the target oil reservoir is determined based on the double-logarithm curve chart of the connected coefficient and the time-lag constant and the incidence relation representation chart. The drawn log (F) -log (tau) curve plate and the equivalent Lorentz F-C curve plate can be combined to judge the communicating structure of the heterogeneous water-drive reservoir, so that the aim of knowing the heterogeneity of the reservoir is fulfilled, the water injection allocation during the reservoir development period is guided, and the overall reservoir development effect is improved.
To further illustrate the utility of the plates provided by the above-described embodiments, the present specification further provides the following examples. Connectivity evaluation with injection and production well groups as control units can be carried out by utilizing a series of concept oil reservoirs, an F-C curve and a log (F) -log (tau) curve are drawn, and the difference rule of the communication structures among different wells is known.
(1) Conceptual homogeneous water-drive reservoir
Fig. 2 shows a schematic of the injection and production well distribution for a 5-injection 4-production conceptual homogeneous water-drive reservoir. As shown in fig. 2, I01, I02, I03, I04, I05 denote water injection wells, P01, P02, P03, P04 denote production wells. Assuming that the planar permeability of the oil reservoir is 40mD, the vertical permeability is 10mD, the porosity is 0.15, the thickness of the oil reservoir is 25m, and the compression coefficients of an oil phase, a water phase and rock are respectively 5 multiplied by 10-6MPa-1、1×10-6MPa-1、1×10-6MPa-1. In the oil reservoir numerical simulation process, the influence of bottom hole flowing pressure is ignored, the time step is set to be 1 month, and the cumulative production is 100 months. The communication coefficient and the time-lag constant of each injection-production well group can be obtained based on the parameter inversion.
Then, a log (f) -log (τ) curve may be plotted based on the resulting connectivity coefficients and time lag constants, as shown in fig. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the log (f) -log (τ) curve for four production wells represents a typical straight line with a slope of-1. As shown in FIG. 4, the F-C curves for all four production wells are approximately straight. As can be explained in conjunction with fig. 3 and 4, the water-drive reservoir is completely homogeneous.
(2) Water drive reservoir containing high permeable stratum
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the injection and production well distribution of a five-injection four-production water-drive reservoir drilled with a high permeability layer. Wherein, the water injection wells I04 and I05 are only perforated in a high permeability layer with the permeability of 400mD, the other three wells are perforated with all low permeability layers (the permeability is 10mD), the vertical permeability is 0.1mD, and the other parameters are consistent with the homogeneous water-drive reservoir model. L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5 in fig. 5 indicate longitudinal small-layer numbers of the reservoir, and K1, K2, K3, K4, and K5 indicate permeability.
The communication coefficient and time lag constant distribution for each well group is shown in fig. 6. Fig. 6 (a) shows a distribution diagram of the connected components, and fig. 6 (b) shows a distribution diagram of the time lag constant. The length of the line in fig. 6 represents the magnitude of the communication coefficient or the time lag constant, and the longer the line, the larger the communication coefficient and the smaller the time lag constant; the direction of the line represents the corresponding relation between the data and the injection-production well group. Note that the thickness of the lines has no physical significance. Referring to fig. 6, the connectivity factor distribution is similar to a homogeneous reservoir, but the time lag constants of the water injection wells I04 and I05 are significantly lower than those of the other 3 wells, consistent with the law that I04 and I05 jet only high permeability layers, with smaller drainage pore volumes.
The log (f) -log (τ) curve is shown in FIG. 7, and is represented by two straight line segments with a slope of-1. Under the condition of similar communication coefficients, the time lag constant tau of the water injection wells I04 and I05 is only 1/5 of the water injection wells I01, I02 and I03 of the other three drilled low permeability layers.
For a water flooding reservoir containing a high permeability layer, the F-C curve is shown in FIG. 8. In FIG. 8, LCRepresenting the corresponding kini coefficient of the classical Lorentz curve as the change rule between F and CThe change rule of the F-C is determined more quantitatively and rapidly by the reference curve; the dynamic F-C represents a curve formed by projecting the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage data corresponding to each control unit into the plate. Referring to FIG. 8, it can be seen that the F-C curve for each production well is not a straight line with a slope of 1, indicating that the reservoir is heterogeneous. Referring to FIG. 8, for any production well, the dynamic F-C curve may be equivalent to two straight lines, where the straight lines with high slope correspond to I04 and I05, and the straight lines with low slope correspond to I01, I02, and I03.
(3) Fractured water-drive reservoir
Fig. 9 shows a schematic of the injection and production well distribution for a five-injection four-production water-drive reservoir with two vertical fractures. As shown in FIG. 9, one crack was located between I01 and P01 with a permeability of 1000mD, and the other crack was located between I03 and P04 with a permeability of 500 mD. The two fractures run through all the levels and the oil and water wells completely open up each small layer. Other parameters are consistent with homogeneous reservoirs.
The connectivity and time lag constant distributions of each well group under the reservoir are shown in fig. 10. Fig. 10 (a) shows a communication coefficient distribution diagram, and fig. 10 (b) shows a time lag constant distribution diagram. The length of the line in fig. 10 represents the magnitude of the communication coefficient or the time lag constant, and the longer the line, the larger the communication coefficient and the smaller the time lag constant; the direction of the line represents the corresponding relation between the data and the injection-production well group. Note that the thickness of the lines has no physical significance. Referring to FIG. 10, the communication coefficients between I01-P01 and I03-P04 are large, and the time lag constant is small, which is mainly caused by the existence of cracks. The water injection wells I04 and I05, adjacent to the production well P04, also had a greater communication coefficient, but the corresponding time lag constants were much higher than those of the results of I01-P01, I03-P04.
The log (f) -log (τ) curve is characterized as shown in FIG. 11. Referring to FIG. 11, the Log (f) -log (τ) curve may be divided into three categories, where the first category corresponds to I01-P01 and I03-P04, the second category corresponds to the group of injection and production wells adjacent to the vertical fracture, and the third category corresponds to the group of injection and production wells further from the vertical fracture.
In FIG. 12, LCRepresenting the basis to which the classical Lorentz curve correspondsThe nylon coefficient is used as a reference curve of the change rule between the F-C, so that the change rule of the F-C is determined more quantitatively and rapidly; the dynamic F-C represents a curve formed by projecting the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage data corresponding to each control unit into the plate. As shown in FIG. 12, the dynamic F-C curves of P01 and P04 exhibit strong heterogeneous characteristics, while P02 and P03 exhibit near homogeneous F-C characteristics. As the permeability of the vertical crack communicated with the P01 is far higher than that of the vertical crack near the P04, the slope of the first section of straight line is higher as can be seen from the analysis of the equivalent two sections of straight lines corresponding to the dynamic F-C curve. As can be easily seen, for a fractured water-drive reservoir, the dynamic F-C curve can well reflect the development characteristics caused by the heterogeneity of the reservoir.
According to the F-C curve and Log (F) -log (tau) curve results, the identification plates of the communication structures between different injection-production wells can be summarized, as shown in FIG. 13. By inverting the communication condition and the time lag coefficient among the injection wells and the production wells of different injection well groups, the knowledge of the heterogeneous characteristics of the reservoir can be quickly realized by establishing a chart as shown in figure 13. Then, the rapid channeling of injected water can be effectively inhibited by combining with the actual injection and production conditions, and the application effect of water injection development is greatly improved, so that the effective guidance for optimizing and adjusting the development strategy and the overall water injection method can be realized.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For details, reference may be made to the description of the related embodiments of the related processing, and details are not repeated herein.
The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
Based on the method for determining the connection structure of the heterogeneous water drive reservoir, one or more embodiments of the present specification further provide a device for determining the connection structure of the heterogeneous water drive reservoir. Fig. 14 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a connection structure determination apparatus for a heterogeneous water drive reservoir, applied to a server, according to fig. 14, where the apparatus may include:
the inversion module 102 may be configured to invert the to-be-inverted parameter based on measured data and predicted data of a production well of the target oil reservoir by using the communication coefficient and the time lag constant of the control unit as the to-be-inverted parameter, so as to obtain an inversion result of the communication coefficient and the time lag constant of each control unit; wherein, the control unit refers to a pair of injection and production well groups in the target oil reservoir.
The equivalent parameter construction module 104 may be configured to sort the control units in an order from a large communication coefficient to a small communication coefficient; for any production well, determining the accumulated flow data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well, and determining the accumulated storage capacity data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients and the time lag constants of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well.
And a connected structure determining module 106, configured to determine a connected structure of the target reservoir by using the cumulative flow data and the cumulative volume data.
In other embodiments, the connected component determining module may include a plate construction unit, which may be configured to draw an association relationship characterization plate between the accumulated flow data and the accumulated volume data with reference to a lorentz curve plate. And the connected structure determining unit can be used for determining the connected structure of the target oil reservoir based on the drawn incidence relation representation plate.
It should be noted that the above-described apparatus may also include other embodiments according to the description of the method embodiment. The specific implementation manner may refer to the description of the related method embodiment, and is not described in detail herein.
The method or apparatus provided by the present specification and described in the foregoing embodiments may implement service logic through a computer program and record the service logic on a storage medium, where the storage medium may be read and executed by a computer, so as to implement the effect of the solution described in the embodiments of the present specification. Therefore, the present specification further provides a connected structure determination device for a heterogeneous water drive reservoir, which is applied to a server, and the device may include a processor and a memory storing processor-executable instructions, and the instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method according to any one of the above embodiments.
It should be noted that the above-described apparatus may also include other embodiments according to the description of the method embodiment. The specific implementation manner may refer to the description of the related method embodiment, and is not described in detail herein.
The embodiments of the present description are not limited to what must be consistent with a standard data model/template or described in the embodiments of the present description. Certain industry standards, or implementations modified slightly from those described using custom modes or examples, may also achieve the same, equivalent, or similar, or other, contemplated implementations of the above-described examples. The embodiments using these modified or transformed data acquisition, storage, judgment, processing, etc. may still fall within the scope of the alternative embodiments of the present description.
The storage medium may include a physical device for storing information, and typically, the information is digitized and then stored using an electrical, magnetic, or optical media. The storage medium may include: devices that store information using electrical energy, such as various types of memory, e.g., RAM, ROM, etc.; devices that store information using magnetic energy, such as hard disks, floppy disks, tapes, core memories, bubble memories, and usb disks; devices that store information optically, such as CDs or DVDs. Of course, there are other ways of storing media that can be read, such as quantum memory, graphene memory, and so forth.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment. In the description of the specification, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the specification. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The above description is only an example of the present specification, and is not intended to limit the present specification. Various modifications and alterations to this description will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present specification should be included in the scope of the claims of the present specification.
Claims (10)
1. A method for determining a connected structure of a heterogeneous water-drive reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units as parameters to be inverted, and inverting the parameters to be inverted based on the measured data and the predicted data of the production well of the target oil deposit to obtain the inversion results of the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units; wherein, the control unit refers to a pair of injection and production well groups in the target oil reservoir;
sequencing the control units according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small; for any production well, determining the accumulated flow data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well, and determining the accumulated storage and capacity data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients and time lag constants of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well;
and determining the connection structure of the target oil reservoir by using the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the connected structure of the target reservoir using the cumulative flow data and cumulative reservoir volume data comprises:
constructing an association relation between the accumulated flowing data and the accumulated storage capacity data;
and determining a connection structure of the target oil reservoir based on the association relationship between the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the connected structure of the target reservoir using the cumulative flow data and cumulative reservoir volume data comprises:
referring to a Lorentz curve chart, drawing an incidence relation representation chart between the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data;
and determining the communication structure of the target oil reservoir based on the drawn incidence relation representation plate.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: drawing a double-logarithm curve chart of the communication coefficient and the time-lag constant;
correspondingly, the connected structure of the target oil reservoir is determined based on the double-logarithm curve chart of the connected coefficient and the time-lag constant and the incidence relation representation chart.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the cumulative flow data for the respective production well using the communication coefficients of at least some of the control units in the top-ranked order to which the respective production well corresponds comprises:
the cumulative flow data for the respective production well is determined using the following computational model:
wherein j represents the number of the production well, k represents the statistic number, m represents the forward sequencing digit number after sequencing each control unit of the production well j according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small, I represents the total number of the water injection wells, fijRepresenting the communication coefficient of the injection-production well group i-j, i representing the number of the water injection well, FmjRepresenting the cumulative flow data corresponding to the production well j under the top m control units.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the cumulative capacity data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients and the time lag constants of at least some of the control units in the top sequence corresponding to the corresponding production well comprises:
wherein j represents the number of the production well, k represents the statistic number, m represents the forward sequencing digit number after sequencing each control unit of the production well j according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small, I represents the total number of the water injection wells, fijRepresenting the connectivity coefficient, τ, of the injection-production well group i-jijRepresenting the time lag constant of the injection-production well group i-j, i representing the number of the water injection well, CmjAnd (4) representing the accumulated storage capacity data corresponding to the production well j under the m control units in the front sequence.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the prediction data for the production well is determined using the computational model:
qij(tk) Is tkPredicted fluid production rate, t, for injection-production well group at time i-jkIndicates the time corresponding to the kth time step, qij(t0) Is t0Production rate, tau, of injection-production well group at time i-jijTime lag constant, Δ t, for i-j injection-production well groupsIs a time step, ewijWater invasion factor, f, for i-j injection-production well groupijIs the communication coefficient of the i-j injection-production well group, fijHas a value interval of [0,1 ]]，Ii (s)For the water injection speed, t, of the water injection well at the ith time stepsIndicating the time corresponding to the s-th time step.
8. An apparatus for determining a connectivity structure of a heterogeneous water-drive reservoir, the apparatus comprising:
the inversion module is used for inverting the parameters to be inverted based on the measured data and the predicted data of the production well of the target oil deposit by taking the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units as the parameters to be inverted to obtain the inversion results of the communication coefficients and the time-lag constants of the control units; wherein, the control unit refers to a pair of injection and production well groups in the target oil reservoir;
the equivalent parameter construction module is used for sequencing all the control units according to the sequence of the communication coefficients from large to small; for any production well, determining the accumulated flow data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well, and determining the accumulated storage and capacity data of the corresponding production well by using the communication coefficients and time lag constants of at least part of control units which are in the front sequence and correspond to the corresponding production well;
and the connected structure determining module is used for determining the connected structure of the target oil reservoir by using the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the connectivity structure determination module comprises:
the chart construction unit is used for referring to a Lorentz curve chart and drawing an incidence relation representation chart between the accumulated flow data and the accumulated storage capacity data;
and the connected structure determining unit is used for determining the connected structure of the target oil reservoir based on the drawn incidence relation representation plate.
10. A connected structure determination apparatus for a heterogeneous water drive reservoir, the apparatus comprising at least one processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, which when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-7.
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