CN112297968A

CN112297968A - Passenger active safety protection device, child safety seat, vehicle seat and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN112297968A
Application number: CN201910697759.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈仲; 邢孔誉; 刘修平
Original assignee: Zhuhai Hongdian Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhuhai Hongdian Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-31
Filing date: 2019-07-31
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Also published as: WO2021017133A1

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an occupant active safety device, a child safety seat, a vehicle seat and a vehicle. The passenger active safety protection device is used for actively protecting passengers riding in a vehicle and comprises: at least one protective cover body having a normal position and a blocking position, the protective cover body in the normal position being capable of having a gap with the head of the occupant in a normal sitting position and being at least partially positioned above the head of the occupant, the protective cover body in the blocking position being capable of limiting the inertial swing range of the head of the occupant; the rotating connecting mechanism is arranged between the protective cover body and the mounting base which is relatively static with the vehicle, and is used for realizing the rotation of the protective cover body relative to the mounting base; wherein the protective cover body is configured to be able to rotate from the normal position to the blocking position under inertia when the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range.

Description

Passenger active safety protection device, child safety seat, vehicle seat and vehicle

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the field of passenger safety protection, in particular to a passenger active safety protection device, a child safety seat, a vehicle seat and a vehicle.

Background

When a passenger takes a vehicle and has sudden braking, a forward collision or a backward collision, the body of the passenger wearing the safety belt is restrained by the safety belt to realize small movement displacement, and the head of the passenger is greatly inclined forwards or backwards relative to the body due to lack of proper restraint, so that the neck injury is easily caused, and the safety threat is particularly serious for an infant with a fragile neck.

In some related arts, the movement of the head and neck is restricted by fixing the head and neck of the occupant by a fixed type protection device while restricting the body of the occupant by a seatbelt. In other related art, a headband or helmet is worn by an occupant and a cord is provided between the back edge of the headband or helmet and the seat to achieve forward motion restriction of the head in hard braking or a forward collision.

Disclosure of Invention

The inventor researches and finds that the head or neck protection device in the related art is easy to cause discomfort to the occupant in terms of wearing comfort or free movement of the head and neck when restraining the head or neck, resulting in lack of willingness of the occupant to wear the protection device.

In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an occupant active safety protection device, a child safety seat, a vehicle seat, and a vehicle, which can achieve head and neck safety protection when an occupant sits on a vehicle, and improve the comfort level of the occupant.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, an occupant active safety device for actively protecting an occupant in a vehicle is provided, including:

at least one protective cover body having a normal position and a blocking position, the protective cover body in the normal position being capable of having a gap with the head of the occupant in a normal sitting position and being at least partially positioned above the head of the occupant, the protective cover body in the blocking position being capable of limiting the inertial swing range of the head of the occupant; and

the rotating connecting mechanism is arranged between the protective cover body and a mounting base which is relatively static with the vehicle, and is used for realizing the rotation of the protective cover body relative to the mounting base;

wherein the protective cover body is configured to be able to rotate from the normal position to the blocking position under inertia when the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range.

In some embodiments, further comprising the mounting base; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the mounting base is integrally formed with or detachably arranged on a headrest of a seat inside the vehicle;

the mounting base is integrally formed with or detachably arranged on a headrest of a child safety seat located inside the vehicle;

the mounting base is detachably disposed at an inside top of the vehicle.

In some embodiments, the occupant active safety restraint device further comprises:

a retaining mechanism integrally formed with or operatively connected to the protective cover for retaining the protective cover in a normal position when neither the acceleration nor deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold range.

In some embodiments, the center of gravity of the shield body in the normal position and the center of gravity of the shield body in the blocking position are located on either side of a vertical plane passing through the shield body axis of rotation.

a reset mechanism operatively connected to the protective shield body for returning the protective shield body in the blocking position to its normal position when neither the acceleration nor deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold range.

the blocking position limiting mechanism is connected between the protective cover body and the mounting base and used for limiting the position of the protective cover body which rotates to a blocking position;

a holding return mechanism operatively connected to the protective cover body for holding the protective cover body in a normal position when neither the acceleration nor the deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range, and for returning the protective cover body to the normal position when the protective cover body in a blocking position is released from the restriction of the blocking position restriction mechanism;

wherein the center of gravity of the protective shield in the normal position is located in a vertical plane passing through the axis of rotation of the protective shield.

In some embodiments, the blocking position limiting mechanism comprises:

the telescopic device comprises at least two sections of telescopic sleeves, a telescopic limiting structure and a locking mechanism, wherein the telescopic limiting structure is arranged on the at least two sections of telescopic sleeves, and the telescopic lengths of the at least two sections of telescopic sleeves can be locked after the at least two sections of telescopic sleeves are extended to the maximum allowable length;

the hold-reset mechanism includes:

and one end of the extension spring is connected with the protective cover body, and the other end of the extension spring is connected with the mounting base.

In some embodiments, the reset mechanism comprises:

In some embodiments, the mounting base further comprises:

and the height adjusting structure is connected with the rotary connecting mechanism and is used for adjusting the height of the rotary connecting mechanism so as to adjust the distance between the protective cover body and the head of the passenger in the normal sitting posture.

In some embodiments, the at least one protective shield body comprises:

a first protective hood configured to coast forward to block forward inertial oscillation of the occupant's head when a deceleration of the vehicle in a traveling direction exceeds a preset threshold range; and

a second protective shield body configured to coast backward to block backward inertial swing of the occupant's head when acceleration of the vehicle in a driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range.

In some embodiments, the projections of the first pivot point of the first protective cover and the mounting base and the second pivot point of the second protective cover and the mounting base on the midsagittal plane of the head of the occupant in the normal sitting posture are both located in the projection range of the temporal bone of the head of the occupant on the midsagittal plane, and the first pivot point and the second pivot point are the same or different.

In some embodiments, the first shield body includes a first rotational support, the occupant active safety shield apparatus further includes a retention mechanism, the retention mechanism including:

the first clamping groove is arranged on the mounting base and can be matched with the first rotating bracket to keep the normal position of the first protective cover body;

the clamping structure is arranged between the first protective cover body and the second protective cover body and used for keeping the normal position of the second protective cover body;

the first protective cover body can drive the first rotating support to be separated from the first clamping groove when the deceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range; the second protective cover body can be used for disengaging the clamping structure when the acceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range.

In some embodiments, the active occupant safety device further comprises a rotation limiting mechanism, the rotation limiting mechanism comprising:

the second clamping groove is arranged on the mounting base and can be matched with the first rotating bracket to limit the limit rotating position of the first protective cover body to be used as the blocking position of the first protective cover body;

and the abutting structure is arranged on the mounting base and can abut against the shell of the second protective cover body to limit the limit rotating position of the second protective cover body to be used as the blocking position of the second protective cover body.

In some embodiments, each of the at least one protective shields has a moment of inertia that is less than a moment of inertia of the occupant's head.

and the auxiliary driving mechanism is connected with the protective cover body and used for providing an auxiliary driving effect in the same direction as the inertial rotation direction of the protective cover body to the protective cover body during inertial motion of the protective cover body.

In some embodiments, the protective shield body comprises a protective shield body comprising a passageway from at least a top of the protective shield body to a side of the protective shield body corresponding to the blocking position; the auxiliary drive mechanism includes:

the inertial body is positioned in the channel, is in sliding or rolling contact with the channel, and is configured to slide or roll relative to the channel under the action of inertia and drive the protective cover body to move to the blocking position.

In some embodiments, the inertial body comprises at least one spherical inertial body rollable along the passageway, and the passageway is further provided with a receiving groove at a position of the top of the protective cover body for maintaining the spherical inertial body in a stationary state in the passageway when the protective cover body is in a normal position.

In some embodiments, the first end of the channel is located at the top of the protective cover body, the second end of the channel is located on one side of the protective cover body corresponding to the blocking position, two ends of the channel are respectively located on two sides of a vertical plane passing through the rotation axis of the protective cover body, the first end of the channel is lower than the highest point of the channel, and the projection of the bottom surface of the channel on the midsagittal plane of the head of the passenger in the normal sitting posture is in a straight line or a parabolic shape.

In some embodiments, the channel comprises a plurality of parallel sub-channels, and each sub-channel is provided with a spherical inertia body.

In some embodiments, the rotational connection mechanism comprises:

the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the mounting base; and

and the bearing is arranged between the rotating shaft and the protective cover body.

In some embodiments, the protective shield body comprises:

the hard protective shell is pivoted with the mounting base through the rotating connecting mechanism;

a liner fixedly or detachably disposed on a side of the hard protective shell adjacent to the head of the occupant;

wherein the inner liner comprises a flexible energy absorbing material for cushioning the head of the occupant.

In some embodiments, the protective shield body comprises:

a flexible protective net; and

and the hard framework is fixedly connected with the flexible protective net and is pivoted with the mounting base.

In some embodiments, the protective shield body further comprises:

the lining is fixedly or detachably arranged on one side of the flexible protective net adjacent to the head of the passenger;

In some embodiments, the liner comprises a plurality of flexible layers with the flexible energy-absorbing material, the flexible layers are distributed in sequence along the stress direction when the head of the passenger is blocked, and adjacent flexible layers can be detached.

and the warning mechanism is connected with the protective cover body and used for warning the passenger when the acceleration and the deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range and the head position of the passenger deviates from the preset distance along the inertial swinging direction relative to the head position under the normal sitting posture.

In some embodiments, the alert mechanism comprises:

the two ends of the flexible guard ring strip are connected with the protective cover body and stretch across the front side of the head of the passenger;

the distance between the flexible guard strip and the head of the passenger in a normal sitting posture is smaller than or equal to the preset distance, so that the flexible guard strip is pushed to move forwards when the head of the passenger deviates forwards from the preset distance, and the protective cover body is pulled by the flexible guard strip to rotate towards the blocking position to warn the passenger.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, a child safety seat is provided, comprising the aforementioned occupant active safety shield apparatus.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle seat is provided that includes the aforementioned occupant active safety restraint apparatus.

In one aspect of the disclosure, a vehicle is provided, comprising the aforementioned occupant active safety protection device, the aforementioned child safety seat or the aforementioned vehicle seat.

Therefore, according to the embodiment of the disclosure, the protective cover body has a gap with the head of the passenger in the normal sitting posture at the normal position, and at least part of the protective cover body is positioned above the head of the passenger, and the rotary connecting mechanism is arranged between the mounting base and the protective cover body, so that the protective cover body can rotate from the normal position to the blocking position for limiting the inertia swing range of the head of the passenger under the inertia effect when the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds the preset threshold range, thereby not only realizing active safety protection for the head and neck of the passenger riding the vehicle, but also reducing the limitation on the movement of the head and neck of the passenger in the normal sitting posture and improving the comfort of the passenger.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

The present disclosure may be more clearly understood from the following detailed description, taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a mounting structure of some embodiments of an occupant active safety restraint device according to the present disclosure;

fig. 2(a) and 2(B) are schematic views of a shield body 100 of a forward shield in some embodiments of the occupant active safety device of the present disclosure in a normal position 100A and a blocking position 100B, respectively;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a mounting base in some embodiments of the occupant active safety shield apparatus of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a hard shield shell of the shield body 100 for forward shielding in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic illustrations of a perspective and cross-sectional configuration, respectively, of a swivel connection mechanism in some embodiments of an occupant active safety shield apparatus of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner lining of the shield body 100 of the forward shield of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the shield body 100 of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of the shield body 100 of the forward shield of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 11 and 12 are schematic views of the rotation limiting mechanism of the protective shield body 100 of the forward protection of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in the blocking position and the normal position, respectively;

FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a flexible guard strip in some embodiments of the occupant active safety device of the present disclosure;

fig. 14 and 15 are schematic views of different attachment locations for the flexible ring strip to the liner of the embodiment of fig. 1;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of FIG. 15 encircled in dashed lines;

FIGS. 17(a) -17 (c) are schematic cross-sectional views of a blocking position limiting mechanism and a hold-reset mechanism in an exploded configuration, a normal position, and a blocking position, respectively, of further embodiments of the occupant active safety shield apparatus of the present disclosure;

FIGS. 18(a) -18 (d) are schematic front and perspective views of a shield body in respective normal and blocking positions with a dummy seated in a child safety seat fitted with an embodiment of the disclosed occupant active safety shield apparatus;

FIG. 19 is a schematic illustration of a mounting configuration of further embodiments of an occupant active safety shield apparatus according to the present disclosure;

FIGS. 20(a) and 20(B) are schematic views of the shield body 100' of the forward shield of the embodiment of FIG. 19 in a normal position 100A and a blocking position 100B, respectively;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the structure of the protective shield 100' of the embodiment of FIG. 19;

FIG. 22 is a schematic illustration of an installation configuration of still further embodiments of an occupant active safety shield apparatus according to the present disclosure;

FIGS. 23(a) and 23(B) are schematic views of the protective shield body 100 "of the embodiment of FIG. 22 in the normal position 100A 'and the blocking position 100B', respectively;

FIG. 24 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the shield body 100 "of the embodiment of FIG. 22 in the blocking position 100B';

FIG. 25 is an exploded view of the embodiment of FIG. 22;

FIG. 26 is a schematic view of a hard shell of the shield body 100 "of the embodiment of FIG. 22;

FIG. 27 is a schematic illustration of the structure of the inner liner of the shield body 100 "of the embodiment of FIG. 22;

FIG. 28 is a schematic illustration of a mounting configuration of still further embodiments of an occupant active safety shield apparatus according to the present disclosure;

fig. 29 is a schematic view of the structure of the retaining mechanism in the embodiment of fig. 28.

It should be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the figures are not drawn to scale. Further, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components.

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. The present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments are to be construed as merely illustrative, and not as limitative, unless specifically stated otherwise.

The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element preceding the word covers the element listed after the word, and does not exclude the possibility that other elements are also covered. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

In the present disclosure, when a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be intervening devices between the specific device and the first device or the second device. When a particular device is described as being coupled to other devices, that particular device may be directly coupled to the other devices without intervening devices or may be directly coupled to the other devices with intervening devices.

All terms (including technical or scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs unless specifically defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an installation configuration of some embodiments of an occupant active safety restraint apparatus according to the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1, in conjunction with fig. 2(a) through 29, in some embodiments, an occupant active safety shield apparatus for actively shielding an occupant in a vehicle includes at least one shield body and a rotational attachment mechanism 300. The vehicle may be a domestic or commercial automobile, a ship, a small or large aircraft, or the like. For convenience of description, the description will be made by taking a household automobile as an example. The occupant may comprise an adult or a child, and may be the driver or a typical occupant of the vehicle.

In the embodiments of fig. 1 and 19, respectively, the occupant active safety device may include a shield body 100 or 100' that provides forward protection. In the embodiment corresponding to fig. 22, the occupant active safety device may include a shield body 100 "that provides rearward protection. In the embodiment corresponding to fig. 28, both a first protective shield body (e.g., protective shield body 100 or 100 ') that achieves forward shielding and a second protective shield body (e.g., protective shield body 100') that achieves rearward shielding are included.

Take the protective shield 100 for forward protection as an example. Referring to fig. 2(a) and 2(B), the protective cage 100 has a normal position 100A and a blocking position 100B. The normal position 100A of the protective cover 100 refers to a position of the protective cover 100 when neither the acceleration nor the deceleration of the vehicle is beyond a preset threshold range, where the preset threshold range for the acceleration may be the same as or different from the preset threshold range for the deceleration. The preset threshold range may be determined according to the degree of influence of the value of acceleration or deceleration on the head and neck of the occupant.

The protective shield 100 in the normal position 100A is capable of being spaced from and at least partially positioned over the head of the occupant in the normal seated position. Referring to fig. 18(a) and 18(b), it can be seen that the head of the dummy seated in the child safety seat has a large gap with the protective cover body 100 in the normal position, and the free movement of the head of the dummy in the normal sitting posture is not limited, so that the head and neck of the occupant can be more comfortable in the normal seating state, thereby increasing the willingness of the occupant to use the active safety protection device. Depending on the position of the protective hood 100, the protective hood 100 may be positioned entirely over the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position, or a portion of the protective hood may be positioned over the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position.

The blocking position 100B of the shield body 100 refers to a position at which the shield body 100 can restrict the inertial swing range of the occupant's head. As can be seen from fig. 18(c) and 18(d), the protective shield body 100 in the blocking position 100B limits the forward swing range of the dummy head from the front of the dummy head, so that the dummy head swings to the inner lining of the protective shield body 100 at most under the inertia, thus avoiding whiplash injury caused by excessive forward bending of the head by limiting the swing range of the dummy head. In some embodiments, the center of gravity of the shield body in the normal position and the center of gravity of the shield body in the blocking position may be located on both sides of a vertical plane passing through the shield body rotation axis. In this way the protective cover body can be held in its normal position on the side of the vertical plane remote from the blocking position on account of its own weight.

In order to protect the head and neck of the occupant with the shield body 100 in the blocking position, the shield body 100 may be configured to be able to pivot from the normal position 100A to the blocking position 100B by inertia when the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold range. In order to enable the protective cover 100 to rotate smoothly to the blocking position 100B under the inertia effect, a rotation connection mechanism 300 may be provided between the protective cover 100 and the mounting base 200 which is stationary relative to the vehicle, so as to enable the protective cover 100 to rotate relative to the mounting base 200.

Referring to fig. 1, 3, 6, and 7, in some embodiments, the rotational connection may include a shaft and a bearing. The pivot can with mounting base fixed connection, the bearing setting be in the pivot with between the protective cover body, utilize the bearing can reduce the protective cover body for mounting base's rotation resistance. In fig. 6 and 7, the rotational connection mechanism includes a rotational shaft 330, a sleeve 310, and a bearing 320. The sleeve 310 is sleeved on the middle portion of the rotating shaft 330, and two ends of the rotating shaft 330 are respectively connected with the two bearings 320. The sleeve 310 may be supported on a mounting base. The inner ring of the bearing 320 may be in interference fit with the rotating shaft 330, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the protective cover body.

In some embodiments, the mounting base 200 may be independent of the occupant active safety shield. A user may mount the occupant active safety restraint to the mounting base 200. In other embodiments, the mounting base 200 may also be one of the components of an occupant active safety restraint device.

Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, in some embodiments, the mounting base 200 may be integrally formed with a headrest of a child safety seat located inside the vehicle. In FIG. 3, the mounting base 200 includes a headrest housing 210, a headrest inner 240, a back plate 230, and an adjustment handle 220. The headrest housing 210 is disposed on the back plate 230 or is integrally formed with the back plate 230, and the headrest inner 240 is disposed inside the headrest housing 210 and combined with the headrest housing 210. The headrest housing 210 and the headrest inner 240 are each U-shaped to form a space for accommodating the head and upper torso of a child occupant. Referring to fig. 18(a), the mounting base 200 may be detachably mounted on the child safety seat, and the height of the headrest housing 210 may be adjusted by adjusting the handle 220. In other embodiments, the mounting base may also be detachably arranged on the headrest of the child safety seat.

In fig. 3, first mounting holes 251 may be provided on the headrest outer shell 210 and the headrest inner 240. The rotating shaft 330 of the rotating connecting mechanism is directly inserted into the first mounting hole 251 or inserted into the first mounting hole 251 through the sleeve 310.

In some embodiments, the mounting base may also be integral with or removably disposed on a headrest of a seat located inside the vehicle, the structure of which may be referred to a headrest of a child safety seat. In other embodiments, the mounting base may be removably mounted on the inside roof of the vehicle, such as by providing a frame on the roof of the vehicle, and mounting the mounting base on the frame or making the mounting base integral with the frame.

Referring to fig. 3, 5 and 8, in some embodiments, the protective shield body 100 includes: a hard protective shell 110 and an inner liner 120. The hard protective shell 110 is pivotally connected to the mounting base 200 by a rotating connection mechanism 300. An inner liner 120 is fixedly or removably disposed on a side of the hard protective shell 110 adjacent the occupant's head. The hard protective shell 110 may be made of a hard material (e.g., polycarbonate PC or hard aluminum alloy, etc.).

In fig. 5, the hard guard 110 may include a top case 111 at the top, two support cases 112 at both sides of the top case 111, and two first rotation brackets 113. The top housing 111 and the two support housings 112 may form a semi-enclosed hard shell structure having good strength and rigidity to maintain reliability when the deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range.

Two first rotating brackets 113 are fixed between the two support housings 112, and a pivot structure 115 may be provided at an end of each first rotating bracket 113. The combined structure of the headrest housing 210 and the headrest inner 240 is located between the support case 112 and the adjacent first rotation bracket 113. A pivot structure 116 may also be provided at the lower end of the support housing 112, and the

pivot structures

115 and 116 may be fixed to the outer rings of the two bearings 320 at both ends of the rotating shaft 330, respectively.

Referring to fig. 8, in some embodiments, liner 120 may include a plurality of flexible layers 121 having a flexible energy absorbing material. The plurality of flexible layers 121 are sequentially distributed along a force-receiving direction when the head of the occupant is blocked, and adjacent flexible layers 121 are detachable. In fig. 8, a plurality of grooves 121 may be provided on the outermost flexible layer 121 for an insert fit with the first rotation bracket 113 of the hard guard 110 and the like.

In order to ensure that the protective shield rotates into the blocking position before the head of the occupant, it is preferred for the protective shield to have a moment of inertia which is smaller than the moment of inertia of the head of the occupant. According to the formula I-mr for calculating the moment of inertia²(I is moment of inertia, m is rigid mass, and r is distance from mass point to rotating shaft) and the calculation formula of angular acceleration beta is r F/mr²Since the vehicle is involved in a forward or backward collision, the head of the occupant and the protection device are subjected to substantially the same external force, and the object having a relatively small mass is rotated about the fixed axis at a greater angular acceleration for the same collision time. Thus, in some embodiments, the mass of the protective shield body may be further reduced so that it is lighter than the mass of the occupant's head.

Considering that the head mass of passengers in different ages may change, different protective cover bodies can be selected and configured according to the ages of the passengers, and the mass of the protective cover body can be smaller than the head mass of the passenger in the smallest age that can take the seat, so that the rotation sensitivity of the protective cover body is improved. According to the measurement in the industry, the weight of the head of the newborn is about 0.9 kg. Then, assuming that the smallest-age occupant who can take the seat is an infant of about 10 months and the head mass is about 2kg, the mass of the shield body can be set to 0.5kg or 1kg, respectively, for example.

In other embodiments, the distance from the protective cover to the rotating shaft may be smaller than the distance from the head to the neck turning point of the passenger, or both the mass of the protective cover is smaller than the mass of the head of the passenger and the distance from the protective cover to the rotating shaft is smaller than the distance from the head to the neck turning point of the passenger. For example, assuming that the head mass of the passenger with the smallest number of years is 2kg and the distance from the head to the neck turning point is 0.1m, β ═ 5 × F can be found by the above angular acceleration calculation formula. If the mass of the shield body is set to 1kg and the distance from the shield body to the rotation shaft is 0.05m, β' is calculated to be 20 × F, which is four times the angular acceleration β of the rotation of the head of the occupant. If the mass of the protective cover body is further reduced or the distance from the protective cover body to the rotating shaft is reduced, the speed of the protective cover body rotating from the normal position to the blocking position can be further improved.

Of course, the mass of the protective cover body and the distance from the protective cover body to the rotating shaft need to take into account the needs in various aspects such as structural form, structural strength and normal state maintenance of the protective cover body. In some embodiments, in order to increase the rotation speed of the shield body, an auxiliary driving mechanism may be further included in the occupant active safety device. The auxiliary driving mechanism can be connected with the protective cover body and used for providing the protective cover body with an auxiliary driving effect in the same inertial rotation direction as the protective cover body during inertial movement of the protective cover body.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, in some embodiments, the protective shield body 100 includes a passageway at least from the top of the protective shield body 100 to a side of the protective shield body 100 corresponding to the blocking position. In fig. 9, channel 125 is disposed on liner 120. In particular, the channel 125 may be enclosed by a recess cut in the flexible layer 121 of the liner 120 and a containment shell 123 over the recess. Accordingly, a top opening 117 may be provided in the top shell 111 of the hard shell 110 such that the closure shell 123 fits upwardly within the top opening 117. In addition, the hard protective shell 110 may be provided with a ventilation structure as required.

In other embodiments, the passageway may be provided within the hard shell 110, or between the hard shell 110 and the liner 120, or on other components of the shield body 100 other than the hard shell 110 and the liner 120.

The auxiliary drive mechanism includes an inertial body within the passageway 125 that is in sliding or rolling contact with the passageway. The inertia body is configured to slide or roll relative to the channel under the action of inertia and drive the protective cover body to move to the blocking position. The movement of the inertial body in the channel can lead to the change of the gravity center of the whole protective cover body, and the collision of the inertial body and one end of the channel can bring impulse, thereby improving the overturning speed of the protective cover body.

In fig. 9, the inertial body comprises at least one spherical inertial body 130, such as a metal ball or the like, rollable along the passageway. In other embodiments, the inertial body may also include inertial bodies of other shapes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, drum, ellipsoid, etc. Taking the channel 126 disposed on the inner liner 120 as an example, the channel 125 is further provided with a receiving groove 126 at the top of the inner liner 120 for maintaining the spherical inertial body 130 in the static state in the channel 125 when the shield body 100 is in the normal position. That is, the spherical inertial body is held by the receiving groove 126 when the shield body is in the normal position, and the center of gravity of the spherical inertial body 130 is not sufficient to pass over the notch of the receiving groove 126 when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle are not beyond the preset threshold range. When the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds the preset threshold range, the spherical inertial body 130 is separated from the receiving groove 126 under the inertia effect, and rapidly impacts towards the other end along the channel 125. In some embodiments, the receiving groove 126 may be configured as a circular arc shaped groove that matches the contour of the spherical inertia body 130.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in some embodiments, a first end of the channel 125 is located at the top of the inner liner 120, a second end is located at a side of the inner liner 120 corresponding to the blocking position, and two ends of the channel 125 are respectively located at two sides of a vertical plane a (indicated by a dotted line in fig. 10) passing through the shield body rotation axis. When the spherical inertial body 130 is held in the receiving groove 126 at the first end of the passage 125, the overall center of gravity of the shield body including the spherical inertial body 130 is on the side away from the blocking position, thereby facilitating the holding in the normal position. When the spherical inertia body 130 is separated from the receiving groove 126, it passes through the vertical plane a rapidly, the whole gravity center of the shield body is adjusted to the side adjacent to the blocking position, and the self gravity of the shield body can also provide a torque for the shield body to rotate rapidly.

In some embodiments, it is preferable to make the first end of the channel 125 lower than the highest point of the channel 125, so that the spherical inertia body 130 automatically returns to the receiving groove 126 at the first end under the self-weight. The highest point of the channel 125 may be the channel position corresponding to the vertical plane a, or may be the other end of the channel 125. Referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments, a projection of the bottom surface of the channel 125 onto the midsagittal plane of the occupant's head in a normal seated position may be linear. Since the straight distance is shortest, the time for the spherical inertial body 130 to reach the second end can be reduced. In other embodiments, the projection may also have a parabolic shape, and the parabolic shape may be consistent with the parabolic motion trajectory of the spherical inertial body 130, so as to reduce the kinetic energy loss during the motion of the spherical inertial body.

Referring to FIG. 10, in some embodiments, the channel 125 includes a plurality of parallel sub-channels, each of which may have a spherical mass 126 disposed therein. The spherical inertia bodies in the sub-channels can increase the impact effect and improve the use reliability, and even if some spherical inertia bodies are clamped, other spherical inertia bodies can also realize the auxiliary driving function.

In addition, in fig. 5 and 8, the front side of the lining 120 may be provided with an inward concave notch 124, which may be used to prevent the protection cover 100 from being turned forward and pressing against the bridge of the nose of the occupant to cause discomfort when the head of the occupant leans forward too much due to the change of the normal sitting posture. Accordingly, the hard guard 110 may also be provided with a matching shaped notch 118 at a location corresponding to the recessed notch 124.

In order to stably and reliably maintain the protective cover body at the normal position, a retaining mechanism can be further included in the occupant active safety protection device in some embodiments. A retaining mechanism may be integral with or operatively connected to the protective cover for retaining the protective cover in a normal position when neither the acceleration nor deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold range.

Referring to fig. 5, 9, 11 and 12, in some embodiments, the retaining mechanism includes a first detent disposed on the mounting base and capable of cooperating with the first rotational support to retain the protective enclosure 100 in a normal position. In fig. 9, the first rotating bracket 113 includes a support cross bar 114 fixedly connected with the support housing 112. In fig. 11 and 12, the upper edge of the headrest outer shell 210 of the mounting base 200 is provided with a catch 212 and the upper edge of the headrest inner 240 is provided with a catch 241, so that the combined structure of the headrest outer shell 210 and the headrest inner 240 forms a first catch on the mounting base. When the supporting cross rod 114 is clamped into the clamping groove 212 and the clamping groove 241, the clamping groove 212 and the clamping groove 241 can keep the supporting cross rod 114, so that the function of keeping the normal position of the protective cover body is realized. When the deceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds the preset threshold range, the protective cover 100 may drive the supporting cross bar 114 of the first rotating bracket 113 to disengage from the first engaging groove under the inertia effect.

The blocking position of the protective shield 100 requires good support for the occupant's head and therefore cannot be too low or too high, and accordingly, in some embodiments, a rotation limiting mechanism may be further included in the occupant active safety device to limit the extreme rotational position of the protective shield.

Referring to fig. 11 and 12, in some embodiments, the rotation limiting mechanism includes a second detent 241 disposed on the mounting base. The second locking groove 241 can cooperate with the first rotation bracket 113 to limit the extreme rotation position of the protective cover 100 as the blocking position of the protective cover 100. In fig. 11 and 12, a second card slot 241 may be provided at an upper edge of the headrest housing 210, which is located at a front side of the first card slot. The supporting cross bar 114 on the first rotating bracket 113 can be clamped into the second clamping groove 241 when the protective cover body 100 rotates to the blocking position, and cannot rotate downwards continuously under the limitation of the second clamping groove 241, so that the protective cover body 100 is prevented from rotating excessively and deviating from the proper blocking position of the head of the passenger.

When the automobile triggers the passenger active safety protection device due to emergency braking or forward collision and other emergency conditions, the protective cover body rapidly rotates to the blocking position to protect the head of the passenger. When the critical situation is resolved, the occupant or other occupants using the occupant active safety shield may manually rotate the shield body back to the normal position so that it can be used normally. In some embodiments, the occupant active safety shield apparatus may further include a reset mechanism. A reset mechanism is operatively connected to the protective shield body for returning the protective shield body in the blocking position to its normal position when neither the acceleration nor deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold range. The return mechanism may be implemented by using a spring (e.g., an extension spring or a torsion spring) connected between the shield body and the mounting base, and providing a torque returning to a normal position to the shield body by using an elastic force of the spring.

Referring to fig. 17(a) -17 (c), in some embodiments, the occupant active safety restraint apparatus may further include: a holding reset mechanism and a blocking position limiting mechanism. A hold reset mechanism is operatively connected to the protective cover body for holding the protective cover body in the normal position when neither the acceleration nor the deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range, and for returning the protective cover body to the normal position when the protective cover body in the blocking position is released from the restriction of the blocking position restriction mechanism. And the centre of gravity of the protective cover in the normal position can be located in a vertical plane through the axis of rotation of the protective cover.

In fig. 17(a), the holding return mechanism includes a tension spring 119 a. One end of the extension spring 119a may be connected to the shield body and the other end connected to the mounting base. The inner side of the support housing 112 of the shield body 100 may be provided with a mounting column 119b, and one end of the tension spring 119a may be fixed to the mounting column 119b, and the other end thereof is connected to the headrest housing 210 of the mounting base.

The extension spring 119 may hold the shield body in the normal position when neither the acceleration nor the deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold range. In addition, when the shield body 100 rotates forward due to the deceleration exceeding the preset threshold range, the shield body 100 may cause the tension spring 119a to be stretched and bent; when the vehicle is stopped stably or is restored to a state where the deceleration does not exceed the preset threshold range, if the shield body 119a is not restricted by the blocking-position restricting mechanism, the tension spring 119a can rotate the shield body 100 upward by its own elastic force to return to the normal position. The lower end of the support housing 112 in the embodiment shown in fig. 17(a) may not be provided with the pivot structure 116, as compared to the hard guard 110 of the embodiment shown in fig. 5.

In other words, the tension spring 119a can function as both the return mechanism and the holding mechanism. In addition, the extension spring 119a can absorb the energy of the head of the passenger impacting the protective cover body in the blocking position when the protective cover body rotates forwards, reduce the angular speed of the head of the passenger when the head of the passenger rotates, and reduce the head injury of the passenger.

The blocking position limiting mechanism is connected between the protective cover body and the mounting base and used for limiting the position of the protective cover body which rotates to the blocking position. Referring to fig. 17(a), in some embodiments, the blocking position limiting mechanism may include at least two telescoping tubes. The at least two sections of telescopic sleeves are provided with telescopic limiting structures, and the telescopic lengths of the at least two sections of telescopic sleeves can be locked after the at least two sections of telescopic sleeves are extended to the maximum allowable length.

In fig. 17(a), two telescopic tubes may be used to achieve the rotation supporting function of the first rotating bracket 113, and also to achieve the buffering function in the forward blocking in cooperation with the extension spring 119 a. Specifically, the two-section telescopic tube includes: a telescoping inner rod 1131 and a telescoping outer tube 1132. The outer telescoping tube 1132 is sleeved outside the inner telescoping rod 1131, and the inner telescoping rod 1131 can be extended or retracted outwardly or inwardly from the outer telescoping tube 1132. The pivot structure 115 may be disposed at the lower end of the telescoping outer tube 1132, while the telescoping inner rod 1131 is fixedly connected to the top shell 111 and/or the support shell 112 of the hard armor.

The lower end of the telescopic inner rod 1131 can be provided with an outer step 1133 and an elastic sheet 1135, and the elastic sheet 1135 can be provided with a convex point 1134. An inner step matched with the outer step 1133 can be arranged at the upper end of the telescopic outer tube 1132, and the maximum length of the telescopic inner rod 1131 can be limited when the telescopic inner rod 1131 extends outwards. The width of the outer step 1133 is respectively greater than the widths of the inner step and the inner rod 1131, and less than the inner width of the outer telescopic tube 1132.

The protruding point 1134 can be clamped at the upper end of the telescopic outer tube 1132 when the telescopic inner rod 1131 extends to the maximum length under the action of the elastic sheet 1135, so as to limit the telescopic inner rod 1131 to retract into the telescopic outer tube 1132.

Referring to fig. 17(b), when the shield body is in the normal position, a portion of the inner telescoping rod 1131 retracts into the outer telescoping tube 1132 under the action of gravity, wherein the spring 1135 and the protruding point 1134 are both located inside the outer telescoping tube. When the shield body rotates forward and is impacted by the head of the occupant, the inner telescoping rod 1131 extends outward relative to the outer telescoping tube 1132.

Referring to fig. 17(c), when the inner telescopic rod 1131 is extended to a certain distance, the protruding points 1134 of the elastic pieces 1135 are extended from the upper end of the outer telescopic tube 1132. At this time, the outer step 1133 is blocked by the inner step, so that the inner telescopic rod 1131 cannot extend outwards, and the protruding point 1134 is clamped at the upper end of the outer telescopic tube 1132 under the action of the elastic piece 1135, so as to limit the inner telescopic rod 1131 to retract into the outer telescopic tube 1132. The telescoping inner rod 1131 and the telescoping outer tube 1132 are thus in a relatively fixed relationship. On one hand, the tension spring 119a can be prevented from being over-stretched to lose working efficiency, and on the other hand, the tension spring 119a can be stabilized at a fixed position after energy absorption, so that the tension spring 119a can be prevented from naturally retracting under the action of elastic force to cause secondary injury to the head of an occupant.

Considering that the occupant may not always remain in a normal sitting position when seated in the seat or child safety seat, for example, the head of the child occupant may be proud. If the distance is extended to reach or exceed the blocking position of the protective cover body, the protective effect of the protective cover body is possibly influenced, or the problems that the protective cover body injures the head of a child passenger and the like occur. Thus, in some embodiments, the occupant active safety shield apparatus may further include a warning mechanism. The warning mechanism is connected with the protective cover body and used for warning the passenger when the acceleration and the deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range and the head position of the passenger deviates from the preset distance along the inertial swinging direction relative to the head position under the normal sitting posture.

The manner of warning the passenger includes sending out warning light through a warning light, sending out warning sound or warning music through a sound, or presenting prompt information of identification warning on a control screen of the vehicle. For example, the position of the head of the occupant is detected by a sensor, and when the position deviates to a certain extent, a warning mechanism is triggered to warn the occupant.

In some embodiments, the occupant may also be physically alerted. Referring to fig. 3, 9 and 13, in some embodiments, the alert mechanism may include a flexible ring strip 140. Both ends of the flexible guard strip 140 are connected to the shield body 100 and span the front side of the occupant's head. The distance between the flexible guard ring strip 140 and the head of the passenger in the normal sitting posture is smaller than or equal to the preset distance, so that when the head of the passenger deviates forwards from the preset distance, the flexible guard ring strip 140 is pushed to move forwards, and the flexible guard ring strip 140 pulls the protective cover body to rotate towards the blocking position to warn the passenger.

Referring to fig. 13, flexible alarm ring strip 140 may include a flexible metal cord 141 (e.g., a steel cable), a cushion sheath 142, and a length adjustment key 143. The buffer sleeve 142 is sleeved on the flexible metal rope 141 and can be made of a soft material (such as rubber). The cushion cover 142 is preferably positioned on the front side of the head of the occupant at a height between the highest point of the head of the occupant and the height of the brow arch so that the head of the occupant can push the cushion cover 142 when moving forward. The length-adjusting keys 143 can be connected to both ends of the flexible metal rope 141, and the distance between the cushion sheath 142 and the heads of the passengers can be changed by adjusting the length-adjusting keys 143, so as to adapt to the heads of the passengers with different sizes and realize the adjustment of the warning sensitivity.

Flexible ring strips 140 can be attached to the shield body 100 with reference to fig. 14 and 15. That is, at least two support bars 150 are provided at the inner side of the inner liner 120, a space for the flexible alarm ring strip 140 to pass through is provided at each support bar 150, and the length adjustment key 143 may be fixed at the rear of the inner liner or the hard guard casing and exposed for the user's convenience in handling. In order to rapidly and reliably pull the protective cover 100 to rotate to the blocking position when the buffer sheath 142 is pressed forward, a roller 144 may be disposed in the supporting rod 150 with reference to fig. 14, and may form a rolling friction pair with the flexible metal rope 141. Referring also to fig. 16, rollers 145 are provided between the hard protective shell and the inner liner to guide the extending direction of the flexible metal cord 141 while forming a rolling friction pair with the flexible metal cord 141.

In fig. 3, the mounting base 200 can adjust the height of the headrest housing 210 by adjusting the handle 220 to accommodate head and neck protection for occupants of different heights and ages. In other embodiments, the mounting base may further include a height adjustment structure. The height adjusting structure can be connected with the rotary connecting mechanism and used for adjusting the height of the rotary connecting mechanism so as to adjust the distance between the protective cover body and the head of the passenger in the normal sitting posture. For the embodiment that the mounting base is lack of the height adjusting function, the height adjusting structure can be additionally arranged to adjust the height of the rotary connecting mechanism, so that the height adjustment of the protective cover body 100 is realized, and the head and neck protection of passengers with different heights and different ages is met.

In addition to the protective enclosure comprising a rigid protective shell, in other embodiments, the protective enclosure may take other configurations. Referring to fig. 19-21, the protective cover 100' can be arranged with reference to the protective cover 100 of fig. 1-18 (d), and similar parts are not repeated here. In fig. 21, the protective shield 100 'may include a flexible protective mesh 111' and a hard skeleton. The flexible protection net 111' may be designed in a shape to conform to the curvature of the head of the occupant and have many ventilation holes. The whole flexible protective net 111' can be injection molded by polystyrene (PP) and other plastic materials with toughness, and has the function of elastic energy absorption. When the hard framework of the protective cover body 100' drives the flexible protective net 111 ' to move to the blocking position 100B at the front side of the head of the passenger, the flexible protective net 111 ' can bear the impact of the head of the passenger, the head of the passenger is buffered, and the head and the neck of the passenger are not damaged.

The hard frameworks can be fixedly connected to two ends of the flexible protective net 111' and are pivoted with the mounting base. Therefore, the protective cover body structure is lighter and lighter, and the sight of the passengers is less shielded. In fig. 21, the rigid frame may include an outer support frame 112 'located outside the mounting base and a first rotating bracket 113 located inside the mounting base, the first rotating bracket 113 including a support rail 114 fixedly connected with the outer support frame 112'. At the lower ends of the outer support frame 112' and the first rotating bracket 113,

pivot structures

116 and 115 may be respectively disposed, which may be respectively fixed with the outer rings of two bearings 320 located at both ends of the rotating shaft 330 in fig. 7.

In order to improve the cushioning effect of the protective shield 100 'on the head of the occupant, an inner liner (not shown in the figure) may be further provided on the side of the flexible protection mesh 111' adjacent to the head of the occupant. The liner may be fixedly or removably attached with respect to the flexible mesh 111'. The inner liner may include a flexible energy absorbing material for cushioning the head of the occupant. The structure of the protective shield 100 can be referred to the above description of the lining, and the description thereof is omitted here.

As mentioned previously, the occupant active safety shield apparatus may include a forward shielding shield body. In some embodiments, a single protective shield body may be provided that achieves forward protection, such as protective shield body 100 in the embodiment of FIG. 1 and protective shield body 100' in the embodiment of FIG. 19. In other embodiments, a single protective shield body that achieves backward shielding may also be provided, such as protective shield body 100 "in the embodiment of FIG. 22.

Take the protective shield 100 "for backward protection as an example. Referring to fig. 23(a), 23(B) and 24, in some embodiments, the protective shield body 100 "has a normal position 100A 'and a blocking position 100B'. The normal position 100A' of the protective cover 100 "refers to a position of the protective cover 100" when neither the acceleration nor the deceleration of the vehicle is within a preset threshold range. The protective shield 100 "in the normal position 100A' is capable of being spaced from and at least partially over the head of the occupant in the normal seated position.

The blocking position 100B ' of the shield body 100 "refers to a position at which the shield body 100' can restrict the inertial swing range of the occupant's head. As can be seen in fig. 24, an abutment structure 241 may be provided on the mounting base. The abutting structure 241 can abut against the outer shell of the shield body 100 "to limit the extreme rotational position of the shield body 100" to the blocking position 100B' of the shield body 100 ". The protective hood body 100 in the blocking position 100B' can limit the swing range of the rear side of the head, so that the head of the passenger swings backwards to the inner lining of the protective hood body 100 ″ at most under the action of inertia, and neck whiplash injury caused by excessive backward extension of the head when a vehicle is tailed is avoided by limiting the swing range of the head of the dummy.

Referring to FIG. 25, in some embodiments, the mounting base 200 includes a headrest housing 210, a headrest inner 240, a back plate 230, and an adjustment handle 220. The headrest outer shell 210 and the headrest inner 240 may be provided with second mounting holes 252. The rotating shaft 330 of the rotating connecting mechanism is directly inserted into the second mounting hole 252 or inserted into the second mounting hole 252 through the sleeve 310.

Referring to fig. 25, 26, and 27, in some embodiments, the protective shield body 100 includes: a hard protective shell 110 "and an inner liner 120". The hard protective shell 110 ″ is pivotally connected to the mounting base 200 by a pivotal connection 300. An inner liner 120 "is fixedly or removably disposed on a side of the hard protective shell 110" adjacent the occupant's head. The hard protective shell 110 "may be made of a hard material (e.g., polycarbonate PC or a hard aluminum alloy, etc.). The liner 120 "may include a plurality of flexible layers 121" having a flexible energy absorbing material. The plurality of flexible layers 121 'are distributed in sequence along the stress direction when the head of the passenger is blocked, and the adjacent flexible layers 121' can be detached.

In order for shield body 100 "to ensure that shield body 100" rotates into the blocking position prior to the occupant's head, it is preferable for the moment of inertia of shield body 100 "to be less than the moment of inertia of the occupant's head. The protective cover 100 ″ may or may not be provided with an auxiliary drive mechanism.

Referring to fig. 26, in some embodiments, the hard protective shell 110 "includes a top shell 111" on the top and two support shells 112 "on either side of the top shell 111". The top housing 111 "and the two support housings 112" may form a semi-enclosed hard shell structure having good strength and rigidity to maintain reliability when the vehicle is accelerated beyond a predetermined threshold.

At the lower end of the support housing 112 ", a pivot structure 115" may be provided, by which the hard shield case 110 "is integrally rotatably coupled to the inside of the headrest inner 240 so as not to interfere with the rotation of the shield body 100" with the headrest inner 240. The pivot structures 115 "may be fixed to the outer races of the bearings 320 at one end of the rotating shaft 330, respectively.

In some embodiments, the occupant active safety shield apparatus may include more than two shield bodies for barrier protection of the occupant's head from more than two directions. For example, in fig. 28, the occupant active safety shield apparatus includes a first shield body (i.e., shield body 100 in fig. 1) that implements forward shielding and a second shield body (shield body 100 in fig. 22) that implements backward shielding, respectively. The first protective cover body is configured to coast forward to block forward inertial swing of the occupant's head when a deceleration of the vehicle in a direction of travel exceeds a preset threshold range (e.g., hard braking or a forward collision while the automobile is traveling at a higher speed). The second protective cover body is configured to coast rearward to resist rearward inertial oscillation of the occupant's head when acceleration of the vehicle in a direction of travel exceeds a preset threshold range (e.g., the vehicle is rear-end driven).

The head of the passenger can be blocked at the front side and the rear side of the head of the passenger by the rotation of the first protective cover body and the second protective cover body, and the neck is prevented from being bent forwards and stretched backwards excessively. In other embodiments, protection in directions other than the front-to-back direction of the head (e.g., left or right) may be achieved by more shields to avoid lateral neck hyperextension.

Consider that the frontal bone and occipital bone of human are the direct stress sites in the anterior-posterior direction, respectively. While the position of the temporal bone on the skull is almost in the center of the spherical skull. Thus, referring to fig. 28 and 29, in some embodiments, the projections of the first pivot point C of the first protective covering (e.g., protective covering 100) and the mounting base 200 and the second pivot point D of the second protective covering (e.g., protective covering 100 ") and the mounting base 200, respectively, on the midsagittal plane of the seated occupant's head are both located within the projection of the temporal bone of the occupant's head on the midsagittal plane.

In some embodiments, the first pivot point C and the second pivot point D may be the same, i.e. the first protective cover and the second protective cover share a pivot point. In other embodiments, the first pivot point C is preferably different from the second pivot point D, so as to facilitate the arrangement of the first and second shielding bodies relative to the mounting base.

In order to allow the protective cover 100 "to be held in the normal position, the protective cover 100" as the first protective cover may be used to assist in the holding of the protective cover 100 ". Referring to FIG. 29, in some embodiments, the retaining mechanism includes a snap fit structure disposed between the first shield body and the second shield body for maintaining the normal position of the second shield body. The second protective cover body can be used for disengaging the clamping structure when the acceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range.

In fig. 26 and 27, the hard shell 110 "and the liner 120" are each provided with a forward protrusion 118 "and 124" at the front side, which may be combined into a forward bump having a certain thickness. The back side of the inner liner 120 of the shield body 100 of fig. 29 may be provided with a slot 127 that can mate with the forward projection. The forward projection may be inserted into the slot 127 and retained by the slot 127. When the protective cover 100' rotates backward, the forward protrusion can be driven by inertia to be disengaged from the engaging groove 127.

The protective cover bodies in various forms can be assembled or disassembled on the mounting base body according to requirements. The various embodiments of the occupant active safety shield apparatus of the present disclosure described above may be applied to a child safety seat, a vehicle seat, or within a vehicle. Accordingly, the present disclosure provides a child safety seat, a vehicle seat, and a vehicle that may include embodiments of any of the foregoing occupant active safety guards. The vehicle of the present disclosure may further include the aforementioned child safety seat or the aforementioned vehicle seat as a vehicle.

Thus, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. Some details that are well known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure. It will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description how to practice the presently disclosed embodiments.

Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in the above embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An occupant active safety shield apparatus for actively shielding an occupant in a vehicle, comprising:

2. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, further comprising said mounting base; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the mounting base is detachably disposed at an inside top of the vehicle.

3. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

4. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, wherein the center of gravity of said shield body in said normal position and the center of gravity of said shield body in said blocking position are located on opposite sides of a vertical plane passing through said shield body axis of rotation.

5. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

6. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

7. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 6, wherein the blocking position limiting mechanism comprises:

the hold-reset mechanism includes:

8. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mounting base further comprises:

9. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one shield body comprises:

10. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 9, wherein the projections of the first pivot point of the first protective hood body and the mounting base and the second pivot point of the second protective hood body and the mounting base on the midsagittal plane of the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position are both located within the projection range of the temporal bone of the head of the occupant on the midsagittal plane, and the first pivot point and the second pivot point are the same or different.

11. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first shield body includes a first swivel bracket, the active occupant safety shield apparatus further comprising a retention mechanism, the retention mechanism comprising:

12. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 11, further comprising a rotation limiting mechanism, said rotation limiting mechanism comprising:

13. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the at least one shield body has a moment of inertia less than a moment of inertia of the head of the occupant.

14. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 13, further comprising:

15. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 14, wherein the shield body includes a passageway from at least a top of the shield body to a side of the shield body corresponding to the blocking position; the auxiliary drive mechanism includes:

16. The active occupant safety device of claim 15, wherein said inertial mass comprises at least one spherical inertial mass rollable along said passageway, said passageway further being provided with a receiving groove at a position of a top of said shield body for maintaining said spherical inertial mass at a stationary state within said passageway when said shield body is in a normal position.

17. The active passenger safety device according to claim 16, wherein the first end of the channel is located at the top of the protective hood, the second end of the channel is located at one side of the protective hood corresponding to the blocking position, the two ends of the channel are respectively located at two sides of a vertical plane passing through the rotation axis of the protective hood, the first end is lower than the highest point of the channel, and the projection of the bottom surface of the channel on the midsagittal plane of the head of the passenger in the normal sitting posture is linear or parabolic.

18. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 16, wherein said passageway comprises a plurality of parallel sub-passageways, each sub-passageway having a spherical inertial body disposed therein.

19. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rotational connection mechanism comprises:

the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the mounting base; and

20. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, wherein the shield body comprises:

21. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, wherein the shield body comprises:

a flexible protective net; and

22. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 21, wherein the shield body further comprises:

23. The active occupant safety shield apparatus according to claim 20 or 22, wherein said inner lining comprises a plurality of flexible layers of said flexible energy absorbing material, which are arranged in sequence along the direction of the force applied when blocking the head of the occupant, and adjacent flexible layers are detachable.

24. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

25. The active occupant safety shield apparatus of claim 24, wherein the alert mechanism comprises:

26. A child safety seat, comprising: an occupant active safety shield as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 25.

27. A vehicle seat, characterized by comprising: an occupant active safety shield as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 25.

28. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: an occupant active safety shield as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 25, a child safety seat as claimed in claim 26 or a vehicle seat as claimed in claim 27.