CN112273038B

CN112273038B - Cotton planting method for promoting seedling and strengthening seedling

Info

Publication number: CN112273038B
Application number: CN202011132742.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈国栋; 万素梅; 马银虎; 胡守林; 翟云龙; 刘禅; 张伟; 王国平; 唐江华; 冯璐; 郭子轩; 樊文霞
Original assignee: Tarim University
Current assignee: Tarim University
Priority date: 2020-10-21
Filing date: 2020-10-21
Publication date: 2022-10-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-21
Also published as: CN112273038A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cotton planting method for promoting and strengthening seedlings, which adopts precision seeding and implements wide and narrow row configuration to ensure that the row spacing is 66-76 cm, the plant spacing is 9.6-11.5 cm, and the theoretical number of seedlings is 13800-16800 plants/mu; wherein, the first seedling promoting and strengthening regulator is sprayed about 20 to 25 days after sowing, and the two times of the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator spraying operations are respectively carried out after every 10 to 15 days after the first spraying; the raw materials of the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator are configured to comprise: mepiquat chloride 3-5g/667m ² Sodium naphthaleneacetate 1-3g/667m ² And the balance of water. Compared with the existing cotton planting method, the cotton planting method for promoting seedlings and strengthening seedlings has the advantages that the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator matched with the proportion promotes the overground part of the cotton to thrive, removes weak seedlings, controls overgrowth, lays a mechanical cotton picking foundation, resists low temperature, can reduce anthracnose and damping-off disease in the seedling stage, and creates a way of promoting and controlling combination, uniform and strong seedlings and no pioneer of big and small seedlings.

Description

Cotton planting method for promoting seedling and strengthening seedling

Technical Field

The invention relates to a cotton planting method for promoting and strengthening seedlings.

Background

Along with the continuous improvement of the cotton yield, a series of problems appear in production, such as the conditions of large-area late maturity, premature senility, serious big and small seedling phenomena and the like restrict the high yield and high efficiency of cotton, cause serious yield loss, also cause the reduction of the cotton quality, and become a great obstacle factor for increasing the yield and income of farmers. The plant growth regulator can achieve the purposes of improving yield, improving quality, promoting ripening and the like by promoting or inhibiting the growth or fruit ripening of stems, leaves, roots, buds and flowers, protecting flowers and fruits, thinning flowers and fruits, advancing or prolonging dormancy, promoting fruit enlargement and the like, so that part of agricultural products need to use the plant growth regulator in the production process to realize the optimal production effect and nutritional quality expression of the agricultural products.

In recent years, the effect of mepiquat chloride on controlling the length of cotton internodes is mostly accepted, and from the application to the present, scholars at home and abroad never stop the research on mepiquat chloride, and a lot of precious suggestions are provided from the time when cotton is applied, the dosage of the mepiquat chloride to the action of the mepiquat chloride, but few researches are made on whether the mepiquat chloride is matched with a common compound rooting agent for use to have a chemical reaction (promotion or inhibition effect) and how the mepiquat chloride is matched for application to achieve a better effect.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.

To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a cotton planting method for promoting strong seedlings by using precision seeding and performing wide-narrow row arrangement to ensure a row spacing of 66-76 cm, a plant spacing of 9.6-11.5 cm, and a theoretical number of seedlings-protected plants of 13800-16800 plants/mu;

wherein, the first seedling promoting and strengthening regulator is sprayed about 20 to 25 days after sowing, and the two times of the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator spraying operations are respectively carried out after every 10 to 15 days after the first spraying;

the raw materials of the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator are configured to comprise: 3-5g/667m < 2 > of mepiquat chloride, 1-3g/667m < 2 > of sodium naphthaleneacetate and the balance of water, wherein the concentration of the mepiquat chloride is controlled to be 99 percent, and the concentration of the sodium naphthaleneacetate is controlled to be more than or equal to 98 percent.

Preferably, the method further comprises a field culturing operation performed before sowing, wherein the field culturing is configured to comprise:

step one, after harvesting in the previous season, crushing straws, and uniformly spreading the straws in the ground;

step two, turning over in autumn and irrigating in winter; wherein, in the step one, after harvesting in the previous season, the on-site straw crushing work is carried out in time, the crushed length is ensured to be 1-2cm, the stubble height is 0-5cm, the crushed straw is uniformly spread on the soil surface, the straw is covered on the soil for about 7-15 days, and the sterilization is carried out.

In the second step, on the basis of the first step, after applying 1500-2000kg of thoroughly decomposed livestock and poultry manure and plant residue mixture and 700-800kg of cake fertilizer to each mu, carrying out plowing operation, wherein a tractor plough is used for plowing the soil with a depth of 20-25cm, the plowing depth is consistent, the upturned soil slices are well turned over, no upturned soil or upturned soil is left, weeds and straws are covered tightly, and the fertilizer is not exposed; leveling and loosening the ground surface; the cultivation width is not heavy and not exposed, the cultivation end is straight, and a triangular horn mouth is not left; the ground head lifting line is neat; the irrigation operation is carried out on the soil which is turned over in autumn, and the irrigation quantity per mu is more than 180m ³ So that the water content of the soil reaches about 35 to 42 percent.

Preferably, the precision seeding is ensured to ensure that 1 cotton seed is dibbled in each planting hole by a seeding machine.

Preferably, the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator is sprayed by an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the spraying process is configured to include:

four upright columns are respectively arranged at four corners of soil, the tops of adjacent upright columns are connected through metal rods which are detachably arranged, the height of each upright column is about 2-2.5m, and at least one bearing column is arranged between the adjacent upright columns;

setting the flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicle so that the flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is matched with the height of the metal rod;

starting a button of the unmanned aerial vehicle by taking the upright column at any corner as a starting point, and then automatically recording the first position information by the unmanned aerial vehicle as the first position information;

carrying a displacement sensor matched with the metal rod on the unmanned aerial vehicle to acquire the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the metal rod in real time and adjust the flight track of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the real-time distance;

a pressure sensor is arranged in a medicine barrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle, when the weight of the medicine barrel is lower than a preset value, the unmanned aerial vehicle sets the current point position as second position information and records the second position information, reads the first position information to return to the starting point for medicine adding operation, reads the second position information stored in the unmanned aerial vehicle after medicine adding, and then returns to the corresponding point position under the navigation of a GPS (global positioning system) to continue spraying operation;

setting the upright columns on the diagonal line of the starting point as end points, setting the two-dimensional codes on the upright columns so as to determine the arrival of the two-dimensional codes after the unmanned aerial vehicle reads the related two-dimensional code information, completing one-time spraying operation, and controlling the spraying water amount to be 1-2.5 kg/mu.

Preferably, when 40-60% of bolls of the planted cotton are mature and boll-opening, the defoliating agent is sprayed;

spraying a ripening agent when 80-90% of the cotton bolls are ripe and opened;

and under the condition that the bolls are mature and the boll opening is not less than 95%, a cotton picker is adopted for one-time harvesting.

Preferably, when 40-55% of cotton bolls of the planted cotton are in maturity and boll opening, the first cotton picking operation is manually carried out, and then the second and third cotton picking operations are respectively carried out at intervals of 10-15 days;

when 80-90% of the cotton bolls are ripe and boll-opened, spraying a ripener, and picking for the last time at intervals of 5-7 days;

and processing the cotton seedlings by a harvester after the last picking is finished.

A plurality of coulters matched with the front end of the tractor to realize plowing;

a guide piece which is oppositely arranged above each coulter, and an opening part is arranged at one side of the guide piece which is matched with the knife tip;

at least one group of first compression rollers which are oppositely arranged in the length output direction of the guide piece and are used for compacting the cotton balls;

the first conveying belt is arranged at the output end of the guide piece and used for outputting and processing the cotton balls;

a packing mechanism for compacting the cotton balls is arranged below the output end of the conveying belt;

the second conveying belt is vertically arranged with the first conveying belt in space, at least one second press roller matched with the output end of the second conveying belt is arranged above the output end of the second conveying belt, and the rotating direction of the second conveying belt is opposite to the conveying direction of the second conveying belt;

the cutter component is arranged at a preset distance from the output end of the second conveying belt and is used for cutting the cotton balls output by the second conveying belt;

the output end of the special-shaped lifting type transmission mechanism is communicated with a hopper of the tractor;

the packaging mechanism is arranged on one side matched with the first transmission belt and the second transmission belt in a through mode, door bodies matched with the first hydraulic cylinders are arranged at two ends of the packaging mechanism respectively, and the top of the packaging mechanism is connected with an inverted U-shaped pressing plate connected with the second hydraulic cylinders for compaction treatment.

Preferably, the hopper is provided with a cover plate matched with the hopper, and the cover plate is further arranged on one side of the tractor through a matched lifting mechanism;

the output side of the lifting mechanism is provided with a telescopic multi-section discharging barrel on one side facing the hopper, the cover plate is provided with a through hole matched with the discharging barrel, and the free end of the discharging barrel penetrates through the through hole or is detachably connected with the through hole.

Preferably, the discharging barrel is connected with the cover plate and/or the output side of the lifting mechanism through matched elastic pipes respectively;

the elastic tube is configured to be any one of a corrugated metal tube and a corrugated rubber tube.

Preferably, the storage box is matched with the hopper, and is configured to comprise:

the framework set is of a cubic structure, and each surface of the framework set forms a cavity for containing materials inside through a double-layer packaging plate which is matched with the framework set;

the crushing cutter is matched with the internal structure of the frame set and is provided with a cutting surface which is matched with the whole surface of the packaging plate at the top of the frame set in space;

wherein, at least one side of the packaging plate of the frame set is pivoted at the bottom of the frame set;

a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a one-way valve are arranged on a side packaging plate of the frame set, which is fixed, and a host machine matched with the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor is arranged on the outer side of the side packaging plate;

and the bottom surface of the frame set and the side packaging plate which is fixed are respectively provided with a heating mechanism which is matched with the bottom surface of the frame set.

Preferably, the compacted cotton material is processed by a harvester, and when a rear side plate of the harvester is in an open state, the hopper is inclined by a certain angle, so that the plate material is separated from the hopper;

the separated cotton materials fall onto a material carrying plate of the plate type dragging machine so as to be conveyed to the position of the material storage box through the plate type tractor;

moving cotton materials from the material carrying plate into the material storage box through matched hoisting equipment to enable the cotton materials to be positioned at the bottom of the material storage box, and then paving animal wastes with the thickness of 1/3-1/2 on the material storage box;

the cotton material and the animal waste are alternately laminated until the height of the cotton material and the animal waste reaches 4/5 of the position inside the storage box, the cotton material and the animal waste are not added, the cotton material and the animal waste are installed through a top packaging plate of a hoisting device to finish storage operation, and meanwhile, when a crushing mechanism arranged on a top packaging surface presses downwards, the internal material is crushed;

wherein, 1-3kg of 70% thiophanate methyl is sprayed on the animal manure paved on each layer;

heating the interior of the material storage tank after the material storage is finished, stopping the machine when the internal temperature reaches 40-55 ℃, heating the material storage tank again after 5-7 days, stopping the machine when the internal temperature reaches 55-65 ℃, and finishing the decomposition operation of the material after natural fermentation for 7-10 days.

The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: compared with the existing cotton planting method, the cotton planting method has the advantages that the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator matched in proportion promotes the overground part of the cotton in the seedling stage to thrive, removes weak seedlings, controls overgrowth, lays a mechanical cotton picking foundation, resists low temperature, can reduce anthracnose and damping-off in the seedling stage, and creates a pioneer with promotion and control combination, uniform and strong seedlings and no big and small seedlings.

Secondly, the seedling-promoting and seedling-strengthening regulator is adopted, the previous mepiquat chloride application experience is combined, and the exogenous plant growth regulator is matched and combined with the regulator to be applied in the cotton seedling stage, so that a good formula which can inhibit the overground part growth of cotton seedlings and promote the root system to extend and develop is found, the seedling-strengthening effect is achieved, and a good foundation is laid for the excellent yield and high yield of cotton.

Thirdly, the working mode of the unmanned aerial vehicle is limited, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle is higher in automation and better in spraying effect compared with manual control in the prior art.

Fourthly, the harvester of the device is limited in structure, so that the device can be directly suitable for the crushing operation of cotton, the crushing treatment is directly carried out on the cotton in the field, the rapid decomposition treatment in the later period is facilitated, and the whole process treatment of the cotton is realized.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structural layout of a harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a baling mechanism according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a storage bin according to another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph of cotton stem thickness over time for various treatments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.

It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.

It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and a communication between two elements.

According to the implementation form of the cotton planting method for promoting and strengthening the seedlings, the method comprises the following steps: precision seeding is adopted and wide-narrow row allocation is carried out, so that the row spacing is ensured to be 66-76 cm, the plant spacing is ensured to be 9.6-11.5 cm, the theoretical number of the seedling-protecting plants is 13800-16800 plants/mu, the row spacing, the plant spacing and the number of the seedling-protecting beads are determined, the planting method can adapt to the planting in areas with larger wind and sand, the wind resistance is better, and the cost increase mode is realized compared with the mu seedling-protecting number in the existing planting;

spraying a first seedling promoting and strengthening regulator about 20-25 days after sowing, and respectively carrying out twice spraying operations of the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator every 10-15 days after the first spraying;

the raw materials of the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator are configured to comprise: mepiquat chloride 3-5g/667m ² Sodium naphthaleneacetate 1-3g/667m ² The balance of water, the concentration of the mepiquat chloride is controlled to be 99 percent, and the concentration of the sodium naphthaleneacetate is controlled to be more than or equal to 98 percent. Compared with the existing cotton planting method, the scheme has the advantages that the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator matched with the proportion promotes the overground part of the cotton to thrive, removes weak seedlings, controls overgrowth, lays a mechanical cotton picking foundation, resists low temperature, can reduce anthracnose and damping-off diseases in the seedling stage, and creates a precedent of promotion and control combination, uniform and strong seedlings and no big and small seedlings.

In particular, in practical use, the preferable scheme is that the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 3g of 99% mepiquat chloride, 1-2g of 98% sodium naphthaleneacetate and the balance of water, wherein the service time is as follows: the use times after seedling emergence (the rate of emergence is 60-70 percent): 3 times (every time, about 10 days) of the machine: tractor, top spraying, water yield 20-40 kg/mu, unmanned aerial vehicle: the flying speed is 5-9m/s, the height is 2-2.5m, the width is 4-6m, the water amount is 1-2 kg/mu, and the situation that the rain cannot occur after 6 hours after the pesticide is applied is ensured, and the heavy spray is required if the rain occurs.

The formula optimization is completed in 5 years, and the data of the optimized scheme is taken as specific experimental parameters to fully explain the effects:

1. 2016 year test

The sodium naphthaleneacetate is a broad-spectrum plant growth conditioner, can quickly promote cell division and expansion (fruit swelling agent and swelling agent), induce and form adventitious roots (rooting agent), has the functions of regulating growth, promoting rooting, sprouting and flowering, preventing flower and fruit drop, forming seedless fruits, promoting prematurity and increasing yield, and can also enhance the drought resistance, cold resistance, disease resistance, saline-alkali resistance and dry-hot wind resistance of plants. Is a plant growth regulator with broad spectrum, high efficiency and low toxicity.

The test combines the cotton seedling stage control promoting agent in the current market, mepiquat chloride and sodium naphthylacetate (marked as D + S), sodium naphthylacetate (marked as S), mepiquat chloride (marked as D) and clear water contrast (marked as CK) to carry out seedling stage spraying so as to promote seedling and early-maturing.

1.1 materials and methods

1.1.1 basic conditions of the test

The test was carried out in a greenhouse at a gardening pilot station of Tarim university. The annual precipitation amount of the area is 20-80 mm, the annual evaporation amount is 2000-2500 mm, the accumulated temperature is greater than or equal to 10 ℃ and is 3950-4500 ℃, the frost-free period is 180-215 d, and the wettability is less than 0.33, so that the area is pure irrigation agriculture. The soil is sandy loam and the fertility condition is moderate.

1.1.2 materials

The cotton variety to be tested is Ruizao I; the test reagent mepiquat chloride is produced by Xiaokang pesticide Limited liability company in Anyang city; the sodium naphthalene acetate has the purity of 99 percent and is produced by chemical fertilizers of forest gardens of Guangzhou city.

1.1.3 test methods

Preparing soil 2 months in 2016 (field soil: sieving, 15 barrels, perlite, 15 barrels, organic nitrogen as a matrix, 50 jin =3 bags, and 70% thiophanate-methyl, uniformly stirring the soil and fertilizer, sterilizing, sealing the soil with a plastic film for about 1d, filling the soil into a hole tray (12 cm in height and 13cm in diameter), sowing 3 cotton seeds in 2016, 2 months and 28 days, and sowing 3 cotton seeds in each hole, wherein the hole treatment is uniform and consistent, and the irrigation amount is consistent. Emergence of seedlings in 8 days in 3 months, spraying the pesticide in 20 days in 3 months, sampling 10 days after pesticide application, and spraying and sampling respectively every 10 days later.

2016 test: a total of 14 treatments, three replicates per treatment, 42 cells, were performed using mepiquat chloride and clear water alone as controls as shown in table 1. Sampling is carried out 10d, 20d and 30d after the medicine application respectively, and 5 plants are sampled in each cell, wherein the stem is thick, the overground part is fresh and heavy, the root is long, and the surface area of the root is large.

TABLE 1-1 2016 Experimental treatment

1.2 discussion and analysis

1.2.1 plant height

The plant heights of the D + S1, D + S2 and D + S3 cotton plants are slowly increased at 10-20D and are rapidly increased at 20-30D, the cotton plants are rapidly increased at 10-20D by the root-promoting agent which is singly arranged in the S1, S2 and S3 treatment, the cotton plants are reduced at 20-30D, and the plant heights of the mepiquat chloride treatment and clear water control groups are stably increased.

The plant heights in the seedling stage of the D + S1, D + S2 and D + S3 treatments are all smaller than that of the single root-promoting agent and larger than that of clear water, and the effect of the mepiquat chloride treatment does not remarkably indicate that the DPC (mepiquat chloride) effect is not influenced by adding the root-promoting agent, and the effect is remarkably superior to that of the clear water.

TABLE 1-2 changes in Cotton plant height over time under different treatments

1.2.2 Stem thickness

The stem thickness of the plant is an important index reflecting the growth condition. As shown in the figure 1-2, researches show that the 10 th sampling of spraying exogenous plant regulator in the seedling stage of cotton has significant differences between the treatments of D + S1, D + S2, D + S3, S1, S2 and S3 and CK and DPC; shows that each treatment after the first application has good promoting effect on the stem thickness. The 20D sampling D + S1, D + S2, D + S3 and S1 treatments have obvious difference with CK and DPC, and the other treatments have no obvious difference with the contrast coarse difference; the 30D sampling D + S1, D + S2 and D + S3 treatment have obvious difference with CK and DPC, and the other treatments have no obvious difference with the control coarse difference;

FIG. 4 shows that 30D after treatment, the average value of the stem thickness of each treatment of 1-3D + S is higher than that of the single root-promoting agent, the single clear water and the single DPC (mepiquat chloride), especially, 30D after treatment of D + S2 and D + S3 is obviously higher than that of the single root-promoting agent, the single clear water and the single DPC (mepiquat chloride), which indicates that D + S2 and D + S3 are beneficial to the growth and strong seedling of cotton.

TABLE 1-2 variation of Cotton Stem thickness with time for different treatments

1.3 discussion

The plant height and stem thickness of cotton are often used as important indexes for representing the vegetative growth of overground parts, and particularly, whether the height of an initial node of a fruit branch is more than 20cm is an important index for judging whether the cotton is beneficial to mechanical picking. In production, the first fruit branch is often lower under the condition that the plant height is not enough or too short in the seedling stage, so that mechanical picking is seriously influenced, waste is serious, and high yield of cotton is not facilitated; high plant height in the seedling stage is easy to cause high-foot seedlings, high fruit setting, thin and weak stems which are not easy to absorb water and fertilizer, easy to fall down and not beneficial to high yield of cotton. Research shows that D + S2 and D + S3 reach the standard of strong seedling and uniform seedling in the seedling stage.

1.4 conclusion

The influence of regulation and control of different exogenous plant growth regulators on the growth condition and root conditions of cotton in the seedling stage is researched, and the results show that D + S2 and D + S3 have obvious promotion effects on promoting early seedling growth and strengthening seedlings in the seedling stage of cotton.

The 2016 test was completed in the laboratory and further testing was required.

2 2017 years of testing

In 2016 years of carrying tests, materials and methods are the same as those in 2016, D + S1, D + S2 and D + S3 are all good in 2016, and D + S4 is added on the basis. The test varieties are: middle cotton institute 65

2.1.1 test sites

A greenhouse of a gardening experiment station of Tarim university.

2.1.2 test soil

The soil is taken from 0cm-25cm soil on the surface of vegetable field in gardening experiment station of Tarim university, sieved to remove large particles, stones and other impurities, then applied with 3g carbendazim spray, sealed with film for 24h for sterilization treatment, and finally filled into flower pots (height 15cm, diameter 13 cm).

2.1.3 test protocol

3 seeds are sowed in each pot with the depth of 1.5cm-2.0cm, the water irrigation of each pot is consistent, the flower pot is covered with a film, and the film covering is removed after the seedlings emerge. Spraying pesticide after 20d sowing, then sampling and spraying pesticide every 10d, and spraying pesticide and measuring for 3 times. During sampling, 5 plants are randomly taken from each group, and each time of measurement: plant height, stem thickness, etc.

TABLE 2-1 2017 Experimental treatment

2.2 discussion and analysis

2.2.1 plant height

The research shows that: the cotton plant height of D + S1, D + S2, D + S3 and D + S4 treated by the method is slowly increased at 10-20D, and is rapidly increased at 20-30D, the cotton plant height of DPC treated by the method is rapidly increased at 10-20D, and is reduced at 20-30D, and the plant height of a clear water control group is stably increased. The treatments D + S1, D + S2, D + S3 were all significantly different from dpc and CK at 30D. Wherein the plant heights of D + S2 and D + S4 are optimal.

TABLE 2-2 variation of Cotton plant height with time under different treatments

2.2.2 Stem thickness

The stem thickness of the plant is an important index reflecting the growth condition. As shown in tables 2-3, researches show that D + S1, D + S2, D + S4 and CK which are sampled at 20D of spraying exogenous plant regulators at the seedling stage of cotton are significantly different, and D + S2, D + S4 and DPC treatment are significantly different; the 30D sampling D + S1, D + S2 and D + S4 treatment have obvious difference with CK and DPC, and the other treatments have no obvious difference with the control coarse difference; the treatments have obvious promotion effect on the stem thickness in the seedling stage, wherein D + S1, D + S2 and D + S4 are better compared.

TABLE 2-3 variation of Cotton Stem thickness with time under different treatments

2.3 conclusion

Research shows that D + S3 and D + S4 promote strong seedlings and uniform seedlings in the seedling stage.

Test in 2018

And carrying out the experiment in 2017, wherein D + S3 and D + S4 promote strong seedlings in the seedling stage and are standard in uniform seedlings.

3.1 materials tested the method was as in 2017.

TABLE 3-1 Experimental treatment in 2018

3.2 analysis

3.2.1 plant height

The research shows that: the plant height promotion is sequentially D + S4, D + S3, D + S2 and D + S1 from low to high.

TABLE 3-2 variation of cotton plant height with time under different treatments

3.2.2 Stem thickness

TABLE 3-3 variation of Cotton Stem thickness with time under different treatments

The research shows that: the stem thickness promotion is sequentially D + S4, D + S3, D + S2 and D + S1 from low to high.

3.3 conclusion

Research shows that D + S4 and D + S3 promote strong seedling and uniform seedling in seedling stage.

4. 2020 field test (Normal film)

4.1 description

And accepting the test result of 2018, wherein D + S3 and D + S4 promote strong seedlings in the seedling stage and are standard for uniform seedlings. And further performing field experiments, and respectively performing film-covered cotton and film-free cotton.

4.1.1 test design

The tool is a green land agricultural knapsack multifunctional electric sprayer, the capacity of the pesticide box is 20L, and the flow is 1.2-1.8L/min.

4.1.2 environmental or facility cultivation conditions

In the test field, populus euphratica forest in east region of Tarim university in Arall city, agricultural, is drip-irrigated under film and is stubble-harvested with cotton before. Soil texture: sandy loam, medium soil fertility; the crops grow normally.

A sowing mode: precision seeding, six rows of one film and wide film: 2.05 m, width: 4.55 m, wide-narrow row configuration, row spacing: 66+10 cm, plant spacing: 11.5 cm, and the theoretical number of the seedling-protecting plants is 15800 plants/mu. Sowing date: 4, month and 17 days; the first water time: 6 months and 8 days. And (3) test varieties: new land 51.

4.1.3 test design

The test field is selected from twelve mass No. 2 and No. 14 fields with north, 144 mu area and 5-17 fields in Aralar city, agriculture and society. Drip irrigation under the film, and one film is used for two pipes. The test was carried out by 6 treatments, D + S1, D + S2, D + S3, D + S4, DPC and clean water control, 3 repetitions of each treatment, three repetitions of each membrane, and a length of 5 m. Emergence of seedlings in 1 day in 5 months, spraying treatment in 10 days in 5 months, sampling 10 days after spraying, and spraying and sampling every 10 days later.

TABLE 4-1 year 2020 Experimental treatment

4.2 analysis

4.2.1 plant height

The research shows that: the plant height promotion is sequentially D + S3, D + S4, D + S2 and D + S1 from low to high.

TABLE 4-2 changes in Cotton plant height over time under different treatments

4.2.2 Stem thickness

TABLE 4-3 variation of Cotton Stem thickness with time under different treatments

The research shows that: the promotion of stem thickness is sequentially D + S4, D + S3, D + S2 and D + S1 from low to high.

Tables 4 to 3

4.3 conclusion

Research shows that D + S4 and D + S3 promote strong and uniform seedlings in the seedling stage.

The results are consistent with the results of the greenhouse test.

5. 20202020 years field test (No film cotton test)

5.1 description

And accepting the test result of 2018, and D + S3 and D + S4 promote strong seedlings in the seedling stage and are standard in uniform seedlings. The test design is the same as 2020 normal film-covered field test.

5.2 analysis

5.2.1 plant height

TABLE 4-2 changes in Cotton plant height over time under different treatments

5.2.2 Stem thickness

TABLE 4-3 variation of Cotton Stem thickness with time for different treatments

5.3 conclusion

To summarize: through four years of experiments, (three years of greenhouse experiments), one year of field experiments (including two field verification experiments), the results show that: d + S4 (mepiquat chloride 3g/667 m) is sprayed in the seedling stage ²⁺ Sodium naphthaleneacetate 0.1-0.2 g/667m ² ) Can obviously increase the plant height and the stem thickness of the cotton in the seedling stage.

In another embodiment, further comprising a breeding operation performed before sowing, the breeding configured to include:

turning over in autumn and irrigating in winter;

wherein, in the step one, after harvesting in the previous season, the on-site straw crushing work is carried out in time, the crushed length is ensured to be 1-2cm, the stubble height is 0-5cm, the crushed straw is uniformly spread on the soil surface, the straw is covered on the soil for about 7-15 days, and the sterilization is carried out;

in the second step, on the basis of the first step, 1500-2000kg of thoroughly decomposed livestock and poultry manure and plant residue mixture and 700-800kg of cake fertilizer are applied to each mu, then the soil turning operation is carried out, the tractor plough is carried out, the ploughing depth is 20-25cm, the ploughing depth is consistent, the upturned soil slices are well turned over, no upturned soil or upturned soil is formed, weeds and straws are tightly covered with the fertilizer, and the fertilizer is not exposed; leveling and loosening the ground surface; the cultivation width is not heavy and not exposed, the cultivation end is straight, and a triangular horn mouth is not left; the ground head lifting line is neat; the irrigation operation is carried out on the soil which is turned over in autumn, and the irrigation quantity per mu is more than 180m ³ So that the water content of the soil reaches about 35 to 42 percent. In the scheme, soil is improved, so that the soil in a specific area is modified, planting and breeding combination is realized, and the soil performance tends to be improved.

In another example, a foster operation performed prior to seeding is also included, the foster configured to include:

the method comprises the following steps of firstly, improving the sterilized land by adopting an organic matter before sowing, wherein the effect of improving the soil of a local area such as a Tarim basin so as to enable the soil fertility to be released slowly to meet the growth requirement of cotton, and meanwhile, the water retention property is better, and the dust emission property in windy and sandy areas is controllable;

step two, sterilizing and drying the improved soil in the sun, wherein the operation is used for sterilizing germs, bacteria, worm eggs and the like generated by the crops in the last season in the improved soil, which can affect the germination and growth of cotton;

in the first step, the soil improvement is to perform irrigation operation on harvested soil to enable the water content of the soil to reach about 35% -42%, apply 1500-2000kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure and plant residue mixture and 700-800kg of cake fertilizer to each mu of the soil, turn the soil over, cultivate the soil for about 7-15 days in a mode of covering a transparent film or straw on the surface, the purpose is to select improved organic matters, the use of chemical fertilizers is reduced as much as possible, the influence of the residues in the soil on the performance of the soil is prevented, meanwhile, the possibility of fermentation and microorganism breeding of the organic matters in the soil is further increased through the irrigation operation, the covered transparent film is used for isolating and heat absorption heating of the soil, the reaction is sufficient, meanwhile, partial harmful substances are killed through the temperature accumulation effect, the process is to improve the soil and is also a process of cultivating the soil, and further guarantee the stability of the growth cycle of the soil;

in the second step, the operation of sterilizing and drying the soil is realized by spraying 30-40% of carbendazim wettable powder once in the improved soil and then airing for 2-3 days after the operation of turning over the soil, and the effect is that the improved soil is sterilized, so that bacteria bred in the early improvement period and bacteria in the planted soil are sterilized, so that the growth of cotton balls is not influenced on the premise of ensuring the fertility to be lasting.

In another example, the method ensures that 1 cotton seed is sown in each planting hole through a sowing machine during precision seeding, and is used for controlling the seeding amount through fine sowing equipment, the reason is that in this way, not for the requirement of later thinning, but for ensuring that the number of the balls per mu meets the requirement of seedling number protection in the scheme, and for ensuring the emergence rate, corresponding seed soaking liquid can be adopted for seed soaking and magnetization treatment before seeding, wherein the magnetization treatment is that magnetization treatment is carried out for 30-35 s under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 500-700G, pause for 30s, magnetization treatment is carried out for 15-20 s under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1000-1200G, pause for 15s, magnetization treatment is carried out for 25-45 s under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 700-750G, a cycle is adopted, the cycle is carried out for 2 times, and drying is carried out under the condition that the temperature is controlled to be 28-32 ℃ after the magnetization treatment until the moisture content is 15-20%, so as to ensure the emergence effect.

In another example, the regulator for promoting and strengthening seedlings is sprayed by an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the spraying process is configured to include:

four upright posts are respectively arranged at four corners of soil, the tops of the adjacent upright posts are connected through metal rods arranged in a detachable mode, the height of each upright post is about 2-2.5m, at least one receiving post is also arranged between the adjacent upright posts, in the structural layout, the metal rods are supported and limited through the upright posts, and meanwhile, a reference target is provided for the unmanned aerial vehicle through the metal rods, so that the flying track of the unmanned aerial vehicle is more accurately limited in the spraying process, and basically no influence is caused on people;

the flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is set so that the flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is matched with the height of the metal rod, and the action of the unmanned aerial vehicle is that the flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is matched with the height of the metal rod through the constraint on the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the metal rod can be better identified, and the constraint on the work of the unmanned aerial vehicle is stronger;

the method comprises the following steps that a stand column at any corner is taken as a starting point, after a button of an unmanned aerial vehicle is started, the unmanned aerial vehicle automatically records the starting point as first position information, in the process, the giving of the starting point is started after a person operates a related button, and after a controller of the unmanned aerial vehicle receives the button information, the current position information of the unmanned aerial vehicle is obtained, the position information is set as the starting point, meanwhile, linear flight is started to any adjacent point of the point, and meanwhile, spraying operation is started in the flight process;

carrying a displacement sensor (distance sensor) matched with the metal rod on the unmanned aerial vehicle to acquire the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the metal rod in real time, adjusting the flight track of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the real-time distance, sensing the position of the metal rod through the displacement sensor in the process, considering that the unmanned aerial vehicle flies to the final point position of the diameter when reaching a preset position, and horizontally flying the preset distance to the position of the terminal point of the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform the spraying operation on the next straight line position, so that the spraying path of the unmanned aerial vehicle is in a similar shape;

the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle and is characterized in that a medicine barrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle is internally provided with a pressure sensor, when the weight of the medicine barrel is lower than a preset value, the unmanned aerial vehicle sets the current point position as second position information and records the second position information, reads the first position information to return to the initial point for medicine adding operation, reads second position information stored in the unmanned aerial vehicle after medicine adding, and returns to the corresponding point under the navigation of a GPS (global positioning system) to continue spraying operation, in the process, the barrel is internally provided with the pressure sensor matched with the pressure sensor, the amount of the medicine can be acquired in real time, the unmanned aerial vehicle can return to the initial point in real time for medicine adding operation in a medicine-free state, compared with the prior art that the spraying path is controlled by a handle, the intelligent performance of the unmanned aerial vehicle is remarkably improved, and meanwhile, the acquisition of the second position information is convenient for the unmanned aerial vehicle to return to the position at fixed point for continuous medicine spraying operation in the later period;

the method is characterized in that an upright column on a diagonal line of an initial point is set as an end point, a two-dimensional code (which can also be a bar code and a signal for radio frequency scanning) is arranged on the upright column, the working mode of the upright column is similar to the scanning operation of a parking lot or the radio frequency scanning form of goods in a box), the arrival end point is determined after an unmanned aerial vehicle reads related two-dimensional code information, under the working mode, the unmanned aerial vehicle judges whether the two-dimensional code is scanned or not through a built-in controller in the unmanned aerial vehicle in the process of advancing for multiple times, if the two-dimensional code is scanned, the unmanned aerial vehicle is considered to complete one-time spraying operation, otherwise, the unmanned aerial vehicle continues to move to the end point for a certain position to complete the spraying operation of the whole operation area, and the spraying water amount is controlled to be 1-2.5 kg/mu.

In another example, when 40-60% of cotton bolls of the planted cotton are in mature boll opening, the defoliating agent is sprayed;

spraying a ripener when 80-90% of the cotton bolls are mature and boll-opening;

under the condition that the bolls are mature and boll opening is not less than 95%, a cotton picker is adopted for one-time harvesting, and in the mode, the bolls are subjected to defoliation treatment and ripening treatment in the relative mature period, so that the later-stage maturity and maturity period controllability are better, and the product stability and maturity in the later-stage mechanical harvesting are ensured.

In another example, when 40-55% of bolls of the planted cotton are mature and boll opening, the first cotton picking operation is manually carried out, and then the second and third cotton picking operations are respectively carried out at intervals of 10-15 days;

when 80-90% of cotton bolls are mature and boll is opened, spraying a ripening agent, and picking for the last time at intervals of 5-7 days;

the cotton seedlings are treated by the harvester after the last picking is finished, the scheme is adopted, the cotton seedlings are respectively picked manually in different maturity periods, the cotton boll harvester is mainly applied to occasions with higher cotton requirement degrees, cotton leaves in different periods are simultaneously treated, so that the cotton bolls are convenient to pick manually, the cotton bolls in the later period are simultaneously subjected to ripening operation, the cotton bolls are used for compressing the maturity periods, the picking integrity is further ensured, the cotton seedlings after being picked are treated by the harvester, the reason is that the tenacity of cotton balls is higher, the effect of directly returning the cotton balls to the field can be influenced, the cotton bolls need to be collected, and the rotten operation can be conveniently treated in the later period.

In another example, as shown in fig. 1-2, the harvester is configured to include a harvester-tractor combination, which is known in the art for agricultural machine combinations, and further not described, the harvester can be bolted to the tractor at other locations:

the coulters 1 are matched with the front end of the tractor to realize plowing and are used for plowing soil during working so as to facilitate separation of cotton balls and soil;

the guide parts 2 are oppositely arranged above the coulters, one side of the guide parts 2 matched with the knife points is provided with an opening part 3, the guide parts are used for guiding the lower ends of the cotton balls through the opening part of the guide parts while plowing, so that the middle parts of the guide parts which are oppositely arranged are limited, and the cotton balls are conveyed backwards in the continuous forward process;

the at least one group of first compression rollers 4 are oppositely arranged in the length output direction of the guide piece and used for compacting the cotton balls, and the function of the at least one group of first compression rollers 4 is to flatten the upper ends of the cotton balls entering the guide piece, so that cotton branches are basically prevented from falling off in the compacting process because the cotton balls are not completely dried in the time period;

the first conveying belt 5 is arranged at the output end of the guide piece and is used for outputting the cotton balls, and the conveying direction of the first conveying belt is spatially vertical to the output direction of the guide piece so as to directionally conduct the cotton balls compacted and output by the guide piece;

a packing mechanism 6 for compacting the cotton balls is arranged below the output end of the conveying belt, is used for compacting the cotton balls which are conveyed to form a bundle shape, and is similar to component packing of the cotton balls so as to facilitate post-processing;

the second conveying belt 7 is vertically arranged in space with the first conveying belt and is used for directionally conveying the cotton balls in a bundle so as to crush the cotton balls, at least one second pressing roller 8 is arranged above the output end of the second conveying belt, the rotating direction of the second pressing roller is opposite to the conveying direction of the second conveying belt, the second pressing roller presses the longitudinally output cotton balls through the operation of the pressing roller, and meanwhile, the conveying speed of the second pressing roller is controlled through reflection rotation, so that the second conveying belt is conveniently crushed by a cutter assembly at the later stage;

the cutting knife assembly 9 is arranged at a preset distance from the output end of the second conveying belt and used for cutting cotton balls output by the second conveying belt, the cotton balls in bundles are crushed through the cutting knife assembly so as to facilitate the later decomposition operation, and the telescopic assembly 10, the mounting plate 11 and the guide groove 12 which are matched with each other can be arranged according to the requirement, so that the cutting knife assembly can perform cutting operation in the returning process, and the cutting effect is better;

the special-shaped lifting type conveying mechanism 13 is arranged below the cutter assembly, the structure of the special-shaped lifting type conveying mechanism can be similar to a Z shape in space, the output end of the special-shaped lifting type conveying mechanism is communicated with a hopper of a tractor, and the crushed materials are conveyed through the structural layout of the conveying mechanism so as to smoothly enter the hopper of the tractor and be subjected to secondary treatment;

the packaging mechanism is characterized in that one side of the packaging mechanism, which is matched with the first conveying belt and the second conveying belt, is set to be a through shape, two ends of the packaging mechanism are respectively provided with a door body 14 matched with the first hydraulic cylinder, two ends of the packaging mechanism are respectively provided with a door body, which is used for limiting the input and output periods of cotton balls, if the cotton balls are input, the door body at the rear end is closed to ensure that the quantity of the cotton balls transmitted and compacted reaches the requirement, and in the preset time, the machine considers that the quantity of the cotton balls reaches the requirement, so that the quantitative cotton balls are compacted through the pressing plate, meanwhile, the door body at the front end is closed during compaction to form a closed space inside the packaging mechanism, the top of the packaging mechanism is connected with an inverted U-shaped pressing plate 15 connected with the second hydraulic cylinder to perform compaction, when a closed space is formed inside the packaging mechanism, the pressing plate is enabled to perform downward compaction operation on the cotton balls through the action of the second hydraulic cylinder, and in order to ensure that the packaging mechanism is matched with compaction effects of different quantities, a movable pressing plate 16 is further nested in the U-shaped pressing plate, and the pressing plate can be matched with the downward pressing effect of supplementing the cotton balls, so as well as to supplement the pressing effect.

In another example, the hopper is provided with a cover plate (not shown) matched with the hopper, the cover plate is further arranged on one side of the tractor through a matched lifting mechanism and is used for sealing the hopper on the tractor through the cover plate so as to prevent the hopper from flying dust and flying due to over fine broken cotton ball materials in the using process and ensure the stability of the environment and the materials;

the output side of the lifting mechanism is provided with a telescopic multi-section discharging cylinder (not shown) on the side facing the hopper, the cover plate is provided with a through hole matched with the discharging cylinder, the free end of the discharging cylinder passes through the through hole or is detachably connected with the through hole, in the structure, the multi-section discharging cylinder is matched with the upper part and the lower part of the cover plate through the up-and-down movement of the multi-section discharging cylinder, in use, the materials in the hopper need to be compacted through the down movement of the cover plate from time to time, in the use process, quantitative auxiliary rotten feed liquid or water can be sprayed after each compaction, the liquid tanks can be arranged on two sides of the hopper or on one side of the hopper, the output pipes of the liquid tanks are arranged behind the hopper, further, the materials are ensured not to be influenced too much, the filled materials can be flushed out in the water spraying process, the influence is not large, and the rotten period of the cotton materials can be obviously shortened through the water replenishing operation.

In another example, the tap cylinder is connected to the output side of the cover plate and/or the lift mechanism, respectively, by cooperating flexible tubes (not shown);

the elastic tube is configured to be any one of a corrugated metal tube and a corrugated rubber tube, in the structure, the matched telescopic tubes are arranged at the two ends of the discharge cylinder, so that the mechanical damage degree of the mechanical connection structure in the motion process of the discharge cylinder and the cover plate can be obviously reduced, the branching stability of the equipment is further ensured, the telescopic structures are arranged at the two ends, or the telescopic structure is arranged at one end, the mechanical connection structure is used for ensuring the stability of the discharge cylinder when the cover plate moves up and down, the operation reliability is better, the detachable connection is convenient for later-stage detachment and maintenance, the discharge cylinder is configured to be any one of the corrugated metal tube and the corrugated rubber tube according to different practical use occasions, the discharge cylinder is directly set into the telescopic structure in the structure, the mechanical structure is influenced by the cover plate up and down, and the connection stability is not influenced.

In another example, as shown in fig. 3, a storage bin 14 is further included, which is coupled to a hopper, and is used for processing the real-time harvested cotton material at the edge of the field, applying the processed cotton material as compost, meeting the requirement of self-processing organic fertilizer in a specific area, and simultaneously achieving a better effect on soil improvement and returning to the field in a specific area (such as a Tarim basin), and is configured to include:

the structure of the frame set is adopted, so that the internal bearing effect is better, and meanwhile, the assembly and maintenance are convenient, and the constant temperature performance of the interior of the frame set is better when the frame set is used in a specific area due to the design of the double-layer structure;

the crushing cutter 15 is matched with the internal structure of the frame set, and is provided with a cutting surface matched with the whole surface of a packaging plate 16 at the top of the frame set in space, the crushing cutter is arranged on the packaging plate at the top so as to cut the compacted materials into small blocks in the process of pressing down the packaging plate at the top, the compaction treatment is to prevent the materials from being crushed and dust in the process of carrying, and simultaneously the stability of carrying is ensured, the crushing cutter can be arranged on the packaging plate at the top through a plurality of connecting columns 17 in the specific operation, a grid-shaped cutting mechanism 18 is detachably arranged at the free end of the crushing cutter to form a grid-shaped cutting surface, so that the internal materials are cut into blocks when the packaging plate at the top is pressed down and sealed;

the packaging plate at least on one side of the frame set is pivoted at the bottom of the frame set and used for opening the packaging plate at a later stage so as to facilitate material output, and certainly can be opened at an earlier stage according to needs, and is separated from the material storage box by adopting other excavating mechanisms so as to ensure the discharging effect, and is opened at the later stage so as to ensure that the packaging plate can be discharged in other manual modes and ensure the internal cleanliness;

in the structure, the pressure sensor 20, the temperature sensor 21 and the check valve 22 are arranged on the fixed side packaging plate of the frame set, and the host 23 matched with the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor is arranged on the outer side of the side packaging plate;

the bottom frame surface 24 and the fixed side package plate are respectively provided with a heating mechanism (not shown) which is matched with the bottom frame surface and the side package plate and is used for heating the inside of the equipment, so that the internal temperature of the equipment can be passively raised, and the processing speed of internal materials is further increased.

In another example, the compacted cotton material is processed by a harvester, and when a rear side plate of the harvester is in an open state, the material hopper is inclined by a certain angle, so that the material plate is separated from the material hopper;

the separated cotton falls onto a material carrying plate of the plate type dragging machine so as to be conveyed to the position of a material storage box through a plate type tractor;

the cotton material and the animal excrement are alternately stacked until the height of the cotton material and the animal excrement reaches 4/5 of the inside of the storage box, the cotton material and the animal excrement are not added with materials, the cotton material and the animal excrement are installed through a top packaging plate of a hoisting device to finish storage operation, and meanwhile, when the cotton material and the animal excrement are pressed downwards through a crushing mechanism arranged on a top packaging surface, the internal materials are crushed;

the method comprises the steps of firstly heating the interior of the cotton balls after the storage is finished, stopping the machine when the internal temperature reaches 40-55 ℃, heating the cotton balls again after 5-7 days, stopping the machine when the internal temperature reaches 55-65 ℃, and finishing the decomposition operation of the materials after natural fermentation for 7-10 days.

The above scheme is merely illustrative of a preferred example, and is not limiting. In the implementation of the invention, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

The number of apparatuses and the scale of the process described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. It is therefore intended that the invention not be limited to the exact details and illustrations described and illustrated herein, but fall within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A cotton planting method for promoting seedling and strengthening seedling is characterized in that precision seeding is adopted and wide-narrow row allocation is carried out to ensure that the row spacing is 66-76 cm, the plant spacing is 9.6-11.5 cm, and the theoretical number of seedlings is 13800-16800 plants/mu;

wherein, a first seedling promoting and strengthening regulator is sprayed 20 to 25 days after sowing, and the two times of spraying operations of the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator are respectively carried out after every 10 to 15 days after the first spraying;

the raw materials of the seedling promoting and strengthening regulator are configured to comprise: 3-5g/667m < 2 > of mepiquat chloride, 1-3g/667m < 2 > of sodium naphthalene acetate and the balance of water, wherein the concentration of the mepiquat chloride is controlled to be 99 percent, and the concentration of the sodium naphthalene acetate is controlled to be more than or equal to 98 percent;

ensuring that 1 cottonseed is dibbled in each planting hole through a seeder during precision seeding, adopting corresponding seed soaking liquid to carry out seed soaking and magnetization treatment before seeding, wherein the magnetization treatment comprises magnetization treatment for 30 to 35s under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 500 to 700G, pause for 30s, magnetization treatment for 15 to 20s under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1000 to 1200G, pause for 15s, magnetization treatment for 25 to 45s under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 700 to 750G, and carrying out circulation treatment for 2 times in total, and drying the cotton seeds until the water content is 15 to 20 percent under the condition that the temperature is 28 to 32 ℃ after the magnetization treatment;

when 40-55% of bolls of the planted cotton are mature and boll opening, manually carrying out first cotton picking operation, and then respectively carrying out second cotton picking operation and third cotton picking operation at intervals of 10-15 days;

processing cotton seedlings by a harvester after the last picking is finished;

the harvester is configured to include:

a guide piece which is oppositely arranged above each coulter, and an opening part is arranged at one side matched with the knife tip of the guide piece;

a first conveyor belt arranged at the output end of the guide member for outputting the cotton balls;

the second conveying belt is vertically arranged with the first conveying belt in space, at least one second press roller is arranged above the output end of the second conveying belt, and the rotating direction of the second conveying belt is opposite to the conveying direction of the second conveying belt;

the cutter component is arranged at a preset distance from the output end of the second conveying belt and used for cutting the cotton balls output by the second conveying belt;

the packaging mechanism is communicated with one side matched with the first conveying belt and the second conveying belt, door bodies matched with the first hydraulic cylinder are arranged at two ends of the packaging mechanism respectively, and an inverted U-shaped pressing plate connected with the second hydraulic cylinder for compaction treatment is arranged at the top of the packaging mechanism;

the hopper is provided with a cover plate matched with the hopper, and the cover plate is further arranged on one side of the tractor through a matched lifting mechanism;

the output side of the lifting mechanism is provided with a telescopic multi-section discharging barrel on the side facing the hopper, the cover plate is provided with a through hole matched with the discharging barrel, and the free end of the discharging barrel passes through the through hole or is detachably connected with the through hole;

still include with hopper matched with storage case, it is configured to include:

the crushing cutter is matched with the internal structure of the frame set and is spatially provided with a cutting surface matched with the whole surface of the packaging plate at the top of the frame set;

the bottom surface of the frame set and the side packaging plate which is fixed are respectively provided with a heating mechanism which is matched with the bottom surface of the frame set;

the compacted cotton material is processed by a harvester, and when a rear side plate of the harvester is in an open state, the hopper is inclined by a certain angle, so that the plate material is separated from the hopper;

2. The method for growing cotton with seedling promotion and strengthening effects as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a soil cultivation operation performed before sowing, wherein the soil cultivation is configured to include:

turning over in autumn and irrigating in winter;

wherein, in the step one, after harvesting in the previous season, the on-site straw crushing work is carried out in time, the crushed length is ensured to be 1-2cm, the stubble height is 0-5cm, the crushed straw is uniformly spread on the soil surface, the straw is covered on the soil for cultivating for 7-15 days, and the sterilization is carried out;

in the second step, on the basis of the first step, 1500-2000kg of thoroughly decomposed livestock and poultry manure and plant residue mixture and 700-800kg of cake fertilizer are applied to each mu, then the soil turning operation is carried out, the tractor plough is carried out, the ploughing depth is 20-25cm, the ploughing depth is consistent, the upturned soil slices are well turned over, no upturned soil or upturned soil is formed, weeds and straws are tightly covered with the fertilizer, and the fertilizer is not exposed; leveling and loosening the ground surface; the cultivation width is not heavy and not exposed, the cultivation end is straight, and a triangular horn mouth is not left; the ground head lifting line is neat; the irrigation operation is carried out on the soil which is turned over in autumn, and the irrigation quantity per mu is more than 180m ³ So as to lead the water content of the soil to reach 35 to 42 percent.

3. The cotton planting method for promoting and strengthening seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the seedling-promoting and seedling-strengthening regulator is sprayed by an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the spraying process is configured to include:

four upright columns are respectively arranged at four corners of soil, the tops of adjacent upright columns are connected through metal rods which are detachably arranged, the height of each upright column is configured to be 2-2.5m, and at least one bearing column is arranged between the adjacent upright columns;

and setting the stand column on the diagonal line of the starting point as a terminal point, and setting the two-dimensional code on the terminal point so as to determine that the unmanned aerial vehicle reaches the terminal point after reading the related two-dimensional code information, thereby completing one-time spraying operation, and controlling the spraying water amount to be 1-2.5 kg/mu.

4. The method for planting cotton with seedling promotion and strengthening as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, when 40-60% of cotton bolls of the planted cotton are in maturity and boll opening, defoliating agent is sprayed;

spraying a ripening agent when 80-90% of the cotton bolls are ripe and opened;

5. The cotton planting method for promoting seedlings and strengthening seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the discharging barrel is connected with the cover plate and/or the output side of the lifting mechanism through matched elastic pipes;