CN112254593B - Step slag-cleaning blasting method - Google Patents
Step slag-cleaning blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112254593B CN112254593B CN202011116773.8A CN202011116773A CN112254593B CN 112254593 B CN112254593 B CN 112254593B CN 202011116773 A CN202011116773 A CN 202011116773A CN 112254593 B CN112254593 B CN 112254593B
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- blasting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/18—Plugs for boreholes
Abstract
The invention discloses a step slag-cleaning blasting method, which comprises the steps of covering a rock particle layer in front of a slag-cleaning blasting area, changing the state in front of the blasting area from slag cleaning into slag pressing, and moving the position of a head row blasting blast hole in a blasting blast hole array forwards after covering the rock particle layer, arranging the blasting blast hole array at the rock particle layer, reducing the explosive filling amount in the head row blasting blast hole, and improving the blasting quality while avoiding blasting throwers; the step slag-cleaning blasting method has the advantages of simplicity, easiness in operation, convenience in operation, good blasting effect and the like, can effectively control the head of a blasting area to discharge thrown objects, and avoids potential safety hazards to close-range buildings and equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slag removal blasting, in particular to a step slag removal blasting method.
Background
The step slag removal blasting can generate more blasting throwers at the head row of the blasting area, the flying distance and the flying direction of the blasting throwers are difficult to control, the blasting can radiate in the range of dozens of meters or even hundreds of meters, potential safety hazards can be caused to buildings and equipment around the blasting area, and the safety production is not facilitated.
At present, in order to solve the influence of the step slag removal blasting on surrounding buildings, two methods are mainly adopted in the industry: the first method is to cover buildings and equipment, so as to reduce the damage of blasting throwers to the buildings and the equipment; the second method is to expand the edge distance of the head row, leave the rock wall, and perform secondary drawing-down blasting on the rock wall after blasting. The first method is only passive protection for covering buildings and equipment, the condition that the blasted throwing object hits and is damaged still exists, and the method is not suitable for the first method when the blast area is close to the buildings and the equipment; the second method is to leave the rock wall for secondary drawing-down blasting, the method sacrifices blasting quality, each drawing-down blasting can generate potential safety hazards to surrounding buildings and equipment, the drawing-down blasting requires high technical level, larger blasting accidents can be caused by carelessness, and in addition, the method needs longer time.
Therefore, how to develop a novel blasting method to effectively solve the influence of the step slag removal blasting on surrounding buildings becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a step slag-cleaning blasting method, which is used for solving the problems that the conventional step slag-cleaning blasting method is easy to damage surrounding buildings or has poor blasting quality and the like.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is specifically a method for step slag removal blasting, which comprises the following steps:
covering a rock particle layer in front of the slag removal blasting area;
arranging blasting blast hole arrays in the slag removal blasting area, wherein the blasting blast holes in the blasting blast hole arrays are arranged at the rock particle layer;
filling explosives into each blasting hole in the blasting hole array and then filling the blasting holes, wherein the filling length of the head row blasting holes in the blasting hole array is greater than the filling length of other blasting holes;
and detonating the explosive in each blasting hole in the blasting hole array to blast.
Preferably, the top of the rock particle layer is level with the top line of the step slope in the slag removal blasting area.
Further preferably, the granularity of rocks in the rock particle layer is 5-10cm.
Further preferably, the diameter of each blasting hole in the blasting hole array is proportional to the distance between the blasting holes.
Further preferably, in the array of blasting holes, when the diameter of the blasting hole is 250mm, the distance between the head row blasting holes is 6m.
Further preferably, the filling length of the head row blasting holes is 3/5-4/5 of the length of the blasting holes.
The step slag-cleaning blasting method provided by the invention has the advantages that the rock particle layer is covered in front of the slag-cleaning blasting area, the state in front of the blasting area is changed from slag cleaning to slag pressing, and after the rock particle layer is covered, the positions of the head row blasting holes in the blasting hole array can be moved forwards and arranged at the rock particle layer, the explosive filling amount in the head row blasting holes is reduced, and the blasting quality can be improved while blasting throwers are prevented from being generated.
The method for the step slag removal blasting has the advantages of simplicity, easiness in implementation, convenience in operation, good blasting effect and the like, and can effectively control the head row throwing objects in the blasting area and avoid potential safety hazards to buildings and equipment in short distance.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or prior art solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional step slag-cleaning blasting method;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a step slag removal blasting method according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1, for the conventional method of step scarfing blasting, wherein C is a protected building, a is a scarfing blasting region, 1 is a top line of a step slope in the scarfing blasting region, 2 is a stuffing section in a blasting hole, 3 is a charge section in the blasting hole, 4 is a bottom line of the step slope in the scarfing blasting region, and 7 is a top row blasting hole in a blasting hole array, because of safety considerations, comprehensive drilling equipment and requirements along the margin are only required to drill holes in a plane when the blasting hole is drilled, the top row blasting hole 7 in the blasting hole array must be arranged on the top line of the step slope in the scarfing blasting region, when the step scarfing blasting is required, explosives are filled in all the blasting holes in the blasting hole array and then stuffed for blasting, and finally the explosives in each blasting hole are blasted, and the blasting object in front of the blasting region splashes in the scarfing blasting process, which causes damage to the protected building, and if two kinds of background technology are adopted, the method of blasting is still limited, and the building quality is still reduced.
Therefore, the embodiment provides a novel step slag-cleaning blasting method, and specifically, referring to fig. 2, according to the gravimetry principle, the scheme covers and flattens rocks with a certain thickness in front of a slag-cleaning blasting area a to form a rock grain layer B, through the arrangement of the rock grain layer B, the front-impact throwing object formed after blasting of the first row blasting blastholes 7 in the blasting hole array can be blocked, and due to the arrangement of the rock grain layer B, the top of the rock grain layer B is level with a step slope top line in the slag-cleaning blasting area, so that the equipment drilling is facilitated, further, the positions of the first row blasting holes 7 in the blasting hole array are moved forwards, and the blasting holes are moved forwards to the rock grain layer from the step slope top line in the slag-cleaning blasting area, at the moment, the first row blasting holes 7 in the blasting hole array only have the lower parts corresponding to the slag-cleaning blasting area a, the upper parts correspond to the rock grain layer B, and the rock grain layer B usually the rock grain layer in the blasting hole array is loose, therefore, the blasting holes 7 in the blasting hole array can be reduced in blasting, and the blasting amount of the blasting holes can be reduced, so that the blasting holes in the blasting hole array can be filled with the explosive, and the aim of the explosive charges without breaking the explosive in the front of the rock grain layer B, and the blasting holes, so that the blasting holes are not broken explosives, and the explosive can be broken explosive in the blasting holes, and the blasting holes in the blasting holes are not be filled in the blasting holes in the blasting hole array. The blasting method not only overcomes the chassis resistance line, avoids the occurrence of root, improves the blasting quality, but also can block the forward-impact throwing object generated by blasting of the rear blast hole, and realizes the protection of the front building and equipment.
In general, the thickness of the rock particle layer B is designed according to actual conditions, and the main factors considered include: the distance between the protected building and the protected building is shorter, the thickness of the rock particle layer B is thicker, the diameter of the blasting hole is larger, the explosive filling amount is larger, and the thickness of the rock particle layer B is thicker.
Wherein, the granularity of the rock in the rock particle layer B is generally 5-10cm, so as to prevent the rock from sliding down easily due to too large granularity.
The aperture of each blasting hole in the blasting hole array is in direct proportion to the distance between each blasting hole, in practical application cases, when the aperture of each blasting hole is 250mm, the distance between each head row of blasting holes is 6m, and the distance between other blasting holes is usually greater than the distance between the head row of blasting holes, wherein the filling length of the head row of blasting holes is usually 3/5-4/5 of the length of the blasting holes, the dosing amount of the internal blasting holes is less than that of the head row of blasting holes, and the filling length of the internal blasting holes is usually about 1/2 of the length of the blasting holes.
The method for slag removal blasting of the steps provided by the embodiment mainly follows the following principle during design:
(1) can effectively avoid the slag removal head from producing blasting throwers.
(2) The blasting quality can be improved, the root bottom is prevented from being generated, and secondary blasting is avoided.
(3) The construction process is convenient to operate, safe and reliable.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to specific exemplary embodiments.
Example 1
Comprehensive blasting for prolonging service life of Nanfen opencast iron ore 382 rock station for multiple times
Overview of the engineering: the north part of the blasting area is the edge of the step, slag is removed, and a 382 rock station and a rock discharging system dispatching room are arranged 50 meters away from the slag removing head of the north part. The post-blast 382 rock station and the dispatch room are required to be undamaged.
The design scheme is as follows: and 5 m of rocks are covered on the slag removal part at the north side of the blasting area and are pushed to be flat. The distance of the blast holes along the edge of the head row blasting blast hole is 3 meters, the hole distance is 6 meters, the hole depth is 14.5 meters, the charging height is 3 meters, and the hole diameter is 250mm.
Post-detonation conditions: no flyrock (throws) appear in the blast zone, and the 382 rock station and the dispatching room are safe. The explosive pile is loose and has good shape without root.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A method for step slag removal blasting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
covering a rock particle layer in front of the slag removal blasting area, wherein the top of the rock particle layer is flush with a step slope top line in the slag removal blasting area;
arranging blasting blast hole arrays in the slag removal blasting area, wherein blasting blast holes are arranged at rock particle layers in the blasting blast hole arrays, and the blasting blast holes are specifically arranged as follows: the position of a first row blasting hole in the blasting hole array is moved forwards, the first row blasting hole is moved forwards to a rock particle layer from the top line of a step slope in a slag removal blasting area, only the lower part of the first row blasting hole in the blasting hole array corresponds to the slag removal blasting area, the upper part of the first row blasting hole corresponds to the rock particle layer, rocks in front of the slag removal blasting area are loose, and the explosive filling amount of the first row blasting hole in the blasting hole array is reduced;
filling explosives into each blasting hole in the blasting hole array and then filling the explosives, wherein the filling length of a head row of blasting holes in the blasting hole array is greater than the filling lengths of other blasting holes, the filling length of the head row of blasting holes is 3/5-4/5 of the length of the blasting holes, the granularity of rocks in a rock particle layer is 5-10cm, and the aperture of each blasting hole in the blasting hole array is in direct proportion to the distance between each blasting hole;
and detonating the explosive in each blasting hole in the blasting hole array to carry out blasting.
2. The method of step scarfing blasting according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the head row blastholes in the blast hole array is 6m when the diameter of the blastholes is 250mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011116773.8A CN112254593B (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Step slag-cleaning blasting method |
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| CN202011116773.8A CN112254593B (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Step slag-cleaning blasting method |
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| CN112254593A CN112254593A (en) | 2021-01-22 |
| CN112254593B true CN112254593B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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| CN113280702A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-20 | 本溪钢铁（集团）矿业有限责任公司 | Controlled blasting technology for adjacent important building |
Citations (5)
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| CN1886635A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2006-12-27 | 澳瑞凯炸药技术有限公司 | Method of blasting multiple layers or levels of rock |
| RU2317521C1 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-02-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Тихоокеанский государственный университет" | Method for blasting of benches in hindered conditions |
| CN108412495A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-17 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of excavating plant bench blasting method |
| KR101995174B1 (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-07-04 | 주식회사 무진네오테크 | structure base rock fragmentation of slight vibration |
| CN111043923A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-21 | 中铁隆工程集团有限公司 | Blasting method suitable for adjacent important buildings |
-
2020
- 2020-10-19 CN CN202011116773.8A patent/CN112254593B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1886635A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2006-12-27 | 澳瑞凯炸药技术有限公司 | Method of blasting multiple layers or levels of rock |
| RU2317521C1 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-02-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Тихоокеанский государственный университет" | Method for blasting of benches in hindered conditions |
| CN108412495A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-17 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of excavating plant bench blasting method |
| KR101995174B1 (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-07-04 | 주식회사 무진네오테크 | structure base rock fragmentation of slight vibration |
| CN111043923A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-21 | 中铁隆工程集团有限公司 | Blasting method suitable for adjacent important buildings |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 深基坑微振动及压渣控制爆破技术应用;谭隽宁;《东北水利水电》;20160131(第01期);第58-61页 * |
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