CN112240566B - Online adjustment system and method for offset firing of boiler - Google Patents
Online adjustment system and method for offset firing of boiler Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013095 identification testing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
- F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
- F23N2005/181—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air
- F23N2005/182—Air flow switch
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a boiler offset firing online adjustment system and method. The boiler partial burn online adjustment system comprises: the boiler body comprises a plurality of cyclone burners which are arranged on the hearth in a layered manner along the height direction of the hearth; the secondary air distribution device comprises an air door mechanism, wherein the air door mechanism comprises an air box air door and a burner air door; the temperature field monitoring device is configured to monitor temperature field data of the cross section of the hearth on line; a distributed control system configured to monitor the operation data of the boiler and the opening degree of each air door on line, and to control the air door mechanism; and the bias burning adjusting device is configured to generate a first control instruction for controlling the opening degree of each air box air door in a closed loop mode and a second control instruction for defining a secondary air correction coefficient by utilizing a prediction model according to the deviation between the temperature characteristic parameter and a set value in a real-time state, so that the temperature characteristic parameter is in a set range. The method can optimize the air distribution mode of the secondary air in the width direction and the depth direction of the hearth and improve the offset burning phenomenon.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of power station boiler optimization control, in particular to a boiler offset combustion on-line adjustment system and method.
Background
Problems such as coking, thermal deviation of a superheater and a reheater, reduction of combustion efficiency, high emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and the like caused by uneven combustion field of a cyclone combustion boiler are common to coal-fired power generation units, and are very concerned about actual production.
In view of the combustion problems common to current swirl-burning boilers, the combustion efficiency problems are often related to uneven combustion if coal quality factors are not considered. The uneven combustion directly affects the aerodynamic field and the temperature field in the boiler, so that the flame of the hearth is deviated, and the heat load of a local area is too high. The pulverized coal concentration in the boiler is higher and the pulverized coal is in oxygen-deficient combustion, and the pulverized coal concentration in the boiler is lower and the pulverized coal is in oxygen-enriched combustion. The coal dust oxygen-deficient burning area generates reducing atmosphere, so that the ash fusion point of the coal is reduced to increase coking, the coking can cause the temperature of the whole flue gas of the boiler to rise, and the heat loss of the discharged flue gas is increased. And if the partial anoxic combustion is not supplemented in the subsequent furnace residence time, the carbon content of the fly ash is increased. All of the above factors may lead to a decrease in boiler efficiency.
Some power plants have invested in funds in temperature field measurement and the like and install related equipment, but due to lack of analysis and control strategy integration of the equipment measurement information, the real partial burn online automatic adjustment is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a boiler partial combustion on-line adjusting system and method for optimizing an air distribution mode of secondary air in the width direction and the depth direction of a hearth.
A first aspect of the present disclosure provides a boiler bias firing online adjustment system, comprising:
the boiler body comprises a hearth and a plurality of burners which are arranged on the hearth in a layered manner along the height direction of the hearth, wherein the burners are cyclone burners and are arranged in a butt-fired mode;
a secondary air distribution device configured to provide secondary air to the furnace, the secondary air distribution device including a damper mechanism for controlling an air distribution amount of the secondary air, the damper mechanism including a plurality of dampers layered in a height direction of the furnace, the plurality of dampers including a windbox damper for controlling the air distribution amount of each layer of the burner and a burner damper for controlling the air distribution amount of each layer of the burner;
a temperature field monitoring device coupled to the boiler body and configured to monitor temperature field data of the furnace cross section on line;
a decentralized control system coupled to the boiler body and the overgrate air distribution device, configured to monitor on-line operational data of the boiler and opening degrees of the respective dampers, and to control the damper mechanism; and
and the partial combustion adjusting device is coupled with the secondary air distribution device, the temperature field monitoring device and the distributed control system, and is configured to acquire temperature characteristic parameters used for representing the distribution condition of the temperature field on the cross section according to the temperature field data, and generate a first control instruction used for controlling the opening degree of each wind box air door in a closed loop and a second control instruction used for defining a secondary air correction coefficient by utilizing the prediction model according to the deviation of the temperature characteristic parameters and the set value in a real-time state, so that the temperature characteristic parameters are in the set range, and the secondary air correction coefficient is used for adjusting the opening degree of each combustor air door to change the distribution of the temperature field on the cross section.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the bias firing adjustment device is configured to identify the predictive model with the temperature characteristic parameter as an input parameter, the operational data as a feed forward parameter, the opening of each of the windbox damper, and the overgrate air correction factor as output parameters.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the cross section includes M rows and N columns of temperature measurement blocks, the temperature characteristic parameters include a first temperature characteristic parameter X and a second temperature characteristic parameter Y, the first temperature characteristic parameter X and the second temperature characteristic parameter Y are respectively used for characterizing a distribution condition of a temperature field of the cross section along the furnace width direction and along the furnace depth direction, and the first temperature characteristic parameter X and the second temperature characteristic parameter Y satisfy the following relationship:
wherein, (x) i ，y j ) Representing coordinates of a center point of the temperature measurement block located in an ith row and a jth column in a plane rectangular coordinate system xOy established with the center point of the cross section as an origin, T (x) i ，y j ) And the temperature value of the center point of the temperature measurement block of the ith row and the jth column obtained by the temperature field monitoring device is represented.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the overgrate air correction factors include a first overgrate air correction factor and a second overgrate air correction factor for adjusting a distribution of the temperature field of the cross section in the furnace width direction and the depth direction, respectively, and the bias firing adjustment device is configured to obtain the first overgrate air correction factor and the second overgrate air correction factor by using the prediction model according to the first temperature characteristic parameter X and the second temperature characteristic parameter Y.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the bias firing adjustment device is configured to decrease the opening of the burner damper when the abscissa value of the burner damper in the planar rectangular coordinate system xOy coincides with the sign of the first temperature characteristic parameter X or when the ordinate value coincides with the sign of the second temperature characteristic parameter Y, and to increase the opening of the burner damper when the abscissa value of the burner damper in the planar rectangular coordinate system xOy is opposite to the sign of the first temperature characteristic parameter X or when the ordinate value is opposite to the sign of the second temperature characteristic parameter Y.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the bias firing adjustment device is configured to assign the second control instruction to each of the burner dampers according to a correspondence between the overgrate air correction coefficient and an adjustment amplitude of an opening degree of each of the burner dampers, wherein the adjustment amplitude of the opening degree of the burner dampers increases with an increase in an absolute value of the overgrate air correction coefficient.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the bias firing adjustment device is configured such that the magnitude of the adjustment of the opening degree of each of the burner dampers in the same layer increases as the distance of the burner damper from the center point of the cross section increases.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the operational data includes unit load, coal feed, SCR reactor inlet NOx concentration, air preheater inlet O 2 At least one of concentration, superheated steam temperature, reheat steam temperature, overgrate air box pressure, and air preheater outlet CO concentration.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the temperature field monitoring device includes a plurality of temperature sensors disposed in the cross section between an overfire air channel of the boiler body and a turn-down flame angle of the boiler body.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, 8 to 10 temperature sensors are disposed on the cross section.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the temperature sensor comprises an acoustic wave temperature sensor.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the decentralized control system has an interactive interface for displaying the temperature field data and the status of each of the dampers.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the bias burn adjusting device further includes a data acquisition module configured to acquire the operational data from the decentralized control system.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the boiler bias firing online adjustment system further comprises:
and the communication module is coupled with the secondary air distribution device, the temperature field monitoring device, the distributed control system and the bias burning adjusting device and is configured to transmit the temperature field data, the operation data, the opening degree of each air door and the control instruction.
A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for on-line adjustment of a partial burn of a boiler using the on-line adjustment system of a partial burn of a boiler according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, comprising:
acquiring temperature field data and operation data in a real-time state, and acquiring temperature characteristic parameters for representing the distribution condition of a temperature field on a cross section of a hearth according to the temperature field data;
according to the deviation between the temperature characteristic parameter and the set value in a real-time state, a control instruction for controlling the air door mechanism is obtained by using a prediction model;
and controlling each air door of the air door mechanism according to the control instruction to enable the temperature characteristic parameter to be in the set range.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the boiler bias firing online adjustment method further includes: and identifying a prediction model taking the temperature characteristic parameters in a real-time state as input parameters, the operation data as feedforward parameters and the opening degree of each air box air door and the secondary air correction coefficient as output parameters.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, identifying the predictive model includes:
applying excitation signals to each wind box air door and each combustor air door to obtain response signals of the temperature characteristic parameters and the operation data;
acquiring the prediction model according to the excitation signal and the response signal;
determining whether the predictive model is available, and if the predictive model is not available, applying a different excitation signal to each of the windbox damper and each of the burner damper.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, obtaining the control instruction using the predictive model includes: and acquiring a first control instruction for controlling the opening degree of each wind box air door and a second control instruction for defining the secondary air correction coefficient by using the prediction model.
According to the boiler partial burning on-line adjustment system provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the temperature field data of the cross section of the hearth is monitored on line by the temperature field monitoring device, real-time feedback of temperature field key information in the fuel burning process in the boiler can be realized, the control relation among the temperature field, the operation condition, the efficiency index and the environment-friendly index of the boiler and the opening degree of each air door of the air door mechanism is established by the on-line identification prediction model, and then the air distribution optimization control strategy of secondary air in the width direction and the depth direction of the hearth is obtained, the real-time closed-loop control of each air door of the air door mechanism is realized, the partial burning and overtemperature phenomenon in the boiler operation process is improved, the operation efficiency and the environment-friendly performance of the boiler are improved, the automatic operation level of the generator set is improved, and the energy conservation and consumption reduction of the generator set are facilitated.
Other features of the present disclosure and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and together with the description serve to explain the present disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an operating principle of a boiler bias firing on-line adjustment system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operating principle of a bias burn adjusting device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a boiler body and a secondary air distribution device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
In fig. 1 to 3, each reference numeral represents:
1. a boiler body; 10. a furnace; 2. an air door mechanism; 21. a bellows damper; 22. a burner damper; 3. a temperature field monitoring device; 4. a decentralized control system; 5. and a bias burn adjusting device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort, based on the embodiments in this disclosure are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the authorization specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc. for defining components is merely for convenience in distinguishing corresponding components, and the terms are not meant to be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure unless otherwise indicated.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present disclosure and to simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
In describing embodiments of the present disclosure, the furnace height direction refers to the z-coordinate direction in fig. 3, i.e., the up-down direction in fig. 3; the furnace width direction refers to the x coordinate direction in fig. 3, i.e., the left-right direction in fig. 3; the furnace depth direction refers to the y-coordinate direction in fig. 3, i.e., the front-to-back direction in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an on-line adjustment system for offset firing of a boiler, which includes a boiler body 1, a secondary air distribution device, a temperature field monitoring device 3, a distributed control system 4, and an offset firing adjustment device 5.
The boiler body 1 comprises a hearth 10 and a plurality of burners layered on the hearth 10 along the height direction of the hearth 10, wherein the burners are cyclone burners, and the burners are arranged according to a butt combustion mode.
The secondary air distribution device is configured to provide secondary air to the furnace 10, the secondary air distribution device comprises a damper mechanism 2 for controlling the distribution amount of the secondary air, the damper mechanism 2 comprises a plurality of dampers arranged in layers along the height direction of the furnace 10, the plurality of dampers comprises a wind box damper 21 for controlling the distribution amount of each layer of burner and a burner damper 22 for controlling the distribution amount of each burner, the temperature field monitoring device 3 is coupled with the boiler body 1 and is configured to monitor the temperature field data of the cross section of the furnace 10 on line.
The decentralized control system 4 is coupled to the boiler body 1 and the overgrate air distribution device and is configured to monitor on-line operational data of the boiler and opening degrees of the respective dampers, and to control the damper mechanism 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the bias firing adjusting device 5 is coupled with the overgrate air distributing device, the temperature field monitoring device 3 and the distributed control system 4. The system is configured to acquire a temperature characteristic parameter for representing the distribution condition of the temperature field on the cross section according to the temperature field data, and generate a first control instruction for closed-loop control of the opening degree of each wind box air door 21 and a second control instruction for defining a secondary air correction coefficient according to the deviation of the temperature characteristic parameter from a set value in a real-time state by using a prediction model, so that the temperature characteristic parameter is in a set range, and the secondary air correction coefficient is used for adjusting the opening degree of each combustor air door 22 to change the distribution of the temperature field on the cross section. The offset firing adjusting device 5 can acquire the real-time opening of each air door through the distributed control system 4 so as to realize the closed-loop control of each air door.
The bellows damper 21 is used for controlling the air distribution of each layer of combustor, and has a large influence on the adjustment of the partial combustion state, so that the opening degree of each bellows damper 21 serves as an independent control target, and corresponding control instructions are generated through the MPC controller and the feedforward controller. And a greater number of burner dampers 22. For example, a 300MW grade cyclone furnace genset typically provides 6 tier burner 24 burner dampers; a 300MW class four corner tangential generator set typically has 16 to 17 layers of burner dampers, with a greater number of burner dampers as the set capacity increases. If these burner dampers are all the individual control targets, the complexity of the control will increase geometrically. In addition, besides the burner air door with larger individual air distribution design, the influence of the opening change of the single burner air door on the combustion state is very limited and is not easy to observe. Accordingly, the offset combustion adjusting apparatus 5 controls the plurality of combustor dampers 22 in groups, sets the overgrate air correction coefficient that can reflect the opening degree of each combustor damper 22 as a single control target, and generates corresponding control instructions by the MPC (Model Predictive Control ) controller and the feedforward controller.
According to the boiler partial burning on-line adjustment system provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the temperature field data of the cross section of the hearth is monitored on line by the temperature field monitoring device, real-time feedback of temperature field key information in the fuel burning process in the boiler can be realized, the control relation among the temperature field, the operation condition, the efficiency index and the environment-friendly index of the boiler and the opening degree of each air door of the air door mechanism is established by the on-line identification prediction model, and then the air distribution optimization control strategy of secondary air in the width direction and the depth direction of the hearth is obtained, the real-time closed-loop control of each air door of the air door mechanism is realized, the partial burning and overtemperature phenomenon in the boiler operation process is improved, the operation efficiency and the environment-friendly performance of the boiler are improved, the automatic operation level of the generator set is improved, and the energy conservation and consumption reduction of the generator set are facilitated.
Besides the characteristic parameters of the temperature field, the distribution condition of the temperature field on the cross section of the hearth can be represented, so that the partial burning state of the fuel on the cross section can be directly reflected, and the operation data of the boiler can also indirectly reflect the partial burning state of the fuel on the cross section. Therefore, the operation data can be regarded as an interference variable of the control process, and in the bias burn adjusting device 5, the feedforward controller is introduced to take the operation data as a feedforward parameter of the prediction model so as to improve the control response speed. In some embodiments, the bias burn adjusting device 5 is configured to identify a first predictive model prediction model having the temperature characteristic parameter as an input parameter, the operation data as a feedforward parameter, the opening degree of each of the windbox damper 21, and the overgrate air correction coefficient as output parameters.
In some embodiments, the cross section includes M rows and N columns of temperature measurement blocks, and the temperature characteristic parameters include a first temperature characteristic parameter X and a second temperature characteristic parameter Y, where the first temperature characteristic parameter X and the second temperature characteristic parameter Y are used to characterize a distribution of a temperature field of the cross section along a width direction of the furnace 10 and along a depth direction of the furnace 10, and the first temperature characteristic parameter X and the second temperature characteristic parameter Y satisfy the following relationship:
wherein, (x) i ，y j ) Representing coordinates of a center point of a temperature measurement block located in an ith row and a jth column in a plane rectangular coordinate system xOy established with the center point of a cross section as an origin, T (x i ，y j ) The temperature value of the center point of the temperature measurement block of the ith row and jth column obtained by the temperature field monitoring device 3 is shown. It is generally considered that the closer the first temperature characteristic parameter X is to 0, the second temperatureThe closer the characteristic parameter Y is to 0, the more uniform the combustion state of the fuel over the cross section.
In some embodiments, the overgrate air correction factors include a first overgrate air correction factor and a second overgrate air correction factor for adjusting the distribution of the temperature field of the cross section in the width direction and the depth direction of the furnace 10, respectively. The partial burn adjustment device 5 is configured to obtain a first overgrate air correction coefficient and a second overgrate air correction coefficient using a predictive model based on the first temperature characteristic parameter X and the second temperature characteristic parameter Y.
In some embodiments, the bias firing adjustment device 5 is configured to reduce the opening of the burner damper 22 when the abscissa value of the burner damper 22 in the planar rectangular coordinate system xOy coincides with the sign of the first temperature characteristic parameter X, or when the ordinate value coincides with the sign of the second temperature characteristic parameter Y; the opening degree of the burner damper 22 is increased when the abscissa value of the burner damper 22 in the plane rectangular coordinate system xOy is opposite to the sign of the first temperature characteristic parameter X or when the ordinate value is opposite to the sign of the second temperature characteristic parameter Y.
For example, in the rectangular planar coordinate system xOy, if X > 0 and Y > 0 indicate that the fuel is being burned toward the first quadrant of the rectangular planar coordinate system xOy, the opening degree of each burner damper 22 located in the first quadrant of the rectangular planar coordinate system xOy should be reduced, and the opening degree of each burner damper 22 located in the third quadrant of the rectangular planar coordinate system xOy should be increased. For another example, if X > 0 and Y < 0 indicate that the fuel is being burned in the fourth quadrant of the rectangular planar coordinate system xOy, the opening degree of each burner damper 22 located in the fourth quadrant of the rectangular planar coordinate system xOy should be decreased, and the opening degree of each burner damper 22 located in the second quadrant of the rectangular planar coordinate system xOy should be increased.
For the windbox damper 21, since the opening degree of each windbox damper 21 is taken as an independent control target, the bias adjustment device 5 directly generates a first control instruction for controlling the opening degree of each windbox damper 21, and issues the first control instruction to the distributed control system 4 to adjust the opening degree of the windbox damper 21 in real time. In contrast, since the secondary air correction coefficient is a separate control target for the burner damper 22, the bias adjustment device 5 directly generates the second control command for defining the secondary air correction coefficient, and therefore, it is necessary to determine the opening degree of each burner damper 22 according to the correspondence between the secondary air correction coefficient and the adjustment range of the opening degree of each burner damper 22, distribute the second control command to each burner damper 22, and issue the second control command to the distributed control system 4 to adjust the opening degree of the burner damper 22 in real time.
In some embodiments, the partial burn adjustment device 5 is configured to assign a second control instruction to each of the combustor dampers 22 according to the correspondence of the overgrate air correction coefficient to the adjustment amplitude of the opening degree of each of the combustor dampers 22. The adjustment range of the opening degree of the combustor damper 22 increases with an increase in the absolute value of the secondary air correction coefficient.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the offset firing adjustment device 5 is configured to adjust the opening of each burner damper 22 in the same tier to increase in magnitude as the distance of the burner damper 22 from the center point of the cross section increases due to the different distances of the burner damper 22 of each tier from the center point of the cross section in the furnace width direction and the depth direction.
The correspondence between the secondary air correction coefficient and the adjustment range of the opening degree of each burner damper 22 can be obtained by performing a thermal state debugging test in the boiler. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the burner dampers 22 may be grouped in rows, and the characteristics of the influence of each row of burner dampers 22 on the combustion state of the cross section of the furnace may be obtained by a thermal state debugging test, and the function F may be constructed with the first secondary air correction coefficient or the second secondary air correction coefficient as an independent variable and the adjustment amount of the opening degree of each group of burner dampers 22 as a dependent variable 1 And F 2 Thereby establishing a correspondence of the secondary air correction coefficient to the adjustment amplitude of the opening degree of each burner damper 22. Obtained by a hot debug test is F 1 And F 2 Is also required to obtain continuous F by interpolation 1 And F 2 . For function F 1 And F 2 The positive adjustment amount means increasing the opening of the burner damper 22, and the negative adjustment amount means decreasing the opening of the burner damper 22The absolute value is equal to the aforementioned adjustment amplitude. The bias firing adjusting device 5 is according to F 1 And F 2 The adjustment amounts of the two opening degrees of each group of the burner damper 22 are obtained, and the two adjustment amounts are superimposed to obtain the final adjustment amount. Since the opening of each damper of the damper mechanism is in the range of 0 to 100%, if the opening of the burner damper 22 calculated according to the final adjustment exceeds the above-described range, the limit value of 0% or 100% is used as the opening of the burner damper 22.
In some embodiments, the operating data includes unit load, coal feed, SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction ) reactor inlet NOx concentration, air preheater inlet O 2 At least one of concentration, superheated steam temperature, reheat steam temperature, overgrate air box pressure, and air preheater outlet CO concentration. The operation data is required to be determined specifically according to the specific operation condition of the coal-fired power generation unit and the arrangement condition of monitoring points of the distributed control system.
In some embodiments, the temperature field monitoring device 3 comprises a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in a cross section between the overfire air channel of the boiler body 1 and the turn-down flame corners of the boiler body 1.
In some embodiments, 8-10 temperature sensors are provided on the cross section in order to collect a sufficient number of data points of the temperature field used to construct the cross section of the furnace.
In some embodiments, the temperature sensor comprises an acoustic temperature sensor.
In some embodiments, the decentralized control system 4 has an interactive interface for displaying temperature field data and status of the individual dampers for the operator of the genset to monitor and manually adjust the operating status of the boiler bias on-line adjustment system.
In some embodiments, the bias burn adjustment device 5 further includes a data acquisition module configured to acquire operational data from the decentralized control system 4.
In some embodiments, the boiler bias firing online adjustment system further comprises a communication module. The communication module is coupled with the secondary air distribution device, the temperature field monitoring device 3, the distributed control system 4 and the bias burning adjusting device 5, and is configured to transmit temperature field data, operation data, opening degrees of all air doors and control instructions.
In some embodiments, the decentralized control system, bias adjustment device 5, data acquisition module, and communication module described above may be implemented as a general purpose processor, programmable logic controller (Programmable Logic Controller, abbreviated as PLC), digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, abbreviated as DSP), application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, abbreviated as ASIC), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, abbreviated as FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components, or any suitable combination thereof for performing the functions described in this disclosure.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a method for online adjustment of a partial burn of a boiler using the foregoing online adjustment system of a partial burn of a boiler, including: acquiring temperature field data and operation data in a real-time state; according to the deviation of the temperature field data and/or the operation data and the set value in the real-time state, a control instruction for controlling the air door mechanism 2 is obtained by utilizing a prediction model; the individual dampers of the damper mechanism 2 are controlled in accordance with the control instructions such that the temperature field data and/or the operating data are within the set ranges. The boiler bias burning online adjusting method has the corresponding advantages of the boiler bias burning online adjusting system.
In some embodiments, the method for online adjustment of partial burn of a boiler further comprises: and identifying a prediction model taking the temperature characteristic parameters in a real-time state as input parameters, the operation data as feedforward parameters and the opening degree of each air box air door and the secondary air correction coefficient as output parameters.
The online identification prediction model is based on a multivariate identification technique.
In some embodiments, identifying the predictive model is generally performed according to the following identification test. Identifying the predictive model includes: applying a first excitation signal to each windbox damper 21 and each burner damper 22 to obtain a first response signal of temperature characteristic parameters and operation data; obtaining a prediction model according to the first excitation signal and the first response signal; it is determined whether a predictive model is available and if not, a different first excitation signal is applied to each of the windbox dampers 21 and each of the burner dampers 22.
The excitation signal is an opening signal of the air door, the amplitude of the excitation signal is suitable for not affecting the normal operation of the generator set, and is usually +/-2% - +/-5%. The time of the identification test is usually not less than 2 hours. The larger the amplitude of the excitation signal is, the longer the time of the identification test is, and the more accurate the prediction model obtained by identification is.
The criteria for identifying and judging whether the predictive model is available are as follows: firstly, judging whether the relation between the positive and negative of the gain of the prediction model and the input parameter and the output parameter in the actual operation process of the boiler is consistent. For example, the inverse proportional relationship between the opening of the windbox damper 21 and the secondary air box pressure should be negative for the gain of the predictive model, and only if the gain of the predictive model is negative, it is possible to use the model, otherwise it is not necessarily the usable model. And secondly, judging the error magnitude of the prediction model. The identified predictive models may be classified into a plurality of classes based on an upper error bound, with only the predictive models with smaller errors being available models. When the identified predictive model meets both conditions of the available models, the identification test may be stopped. And when the identified prediction model does not meet any available condition, the prediction model is considered to be unavailable, different excitation signals are required to be applied, and the identification test is continued until the prediction model meets the requirements.
In some embodiments, obtaining control instructions using the predictive model includes: a first control instruction for controlling the opening degree of each of the windbox dampers 21 and a second control instruction for defining the secondary air correction coefficient are acquired using the predictive model.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present disclosure and are not limiting thereof; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the disclosure or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features that are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the disclosure.
Claims (13)
1. An on-line adjustment system for offset firing of a boiler, comprising:
the boiler comprises a boiler body (1) and a plurality of burners, wherein the burners are arranged on the hearth (10) in a layered manner along the height direction of the hearth (10), the burners are cyclone burners, and the burners are arranged in a hedging combustion mode;
a secondary air distribution device configured to provide secondary air to the furnace (10), the secondary air distribution device comprising a damper mechanism (2) for controlling the amount of secondary air distribution, the damper mechanism (2) comprising a plurality of dampers arranged in layers in the height direction of the furnace (10), the plurality of dampers comprising a windbox damper (21) for controlling the amount of air distribution of each layer of the burner and a burner damper (22) for controlling the amount of air distribution of each layer of the burner;
a temperature field monitoring device (3), coupled to the boiler body (1), configured to monitor temperature field data of a cross section of the furnace (10) on line;
a distributed control system (4) coupled with the boiler body (1) and the secondary air distribution device, configured to monitor the operation data of the boiler and the opening degree of each air door on line, and control the air door mechanism (2); and
a bias combustion adjusting device (5) coupled to the overgrate air distributing device, the temperature field monitoring device (3) and the distributed control system (4) and configured to obtain a temperature characteristic parameter for representing a distribution condition of the temperature field on the cross section according to the temperature field data, and generate a first control instruction for closed-loop controlling an opening degree of each wind box air door (21) and a second control instruction for defining a overgrate air correction coefficient according to a deviation of the temperature characteristic parameter from a set value in a real-time state, so that the temperature characteristic parameter is in a set range, wherein the overgrate air correction coefficient is used for adjusting the opening degree of each combustor air door (22) to change the distribution of the temperature field on the cross section, and the bias combustion adjusting device (5) is further configured to distribute the second control instruction to each combustor air door (22) according to a correspondence relation between the overgrate air correction coefficient and an adjustment amplitude of the opening degree of each combustor air door (22), wherein the absolute value of the correction amplitude of the secondary air door (22) increases with the increase of the combustor air door (22) with the increasing the absolute value of the combustion air door (22) and the distance of the combustor (22) increases with the same combustion center of the combustor (22);
the bias burn adjusting device (5) is further configured to: identifying the prediction model taking the temperature characteristic parameter as an input parameter, the operation data as a feedforward parameter, the opening degree of each air box air door (21) and the secondary air correction coefficient as output parameters according to an identification test, wherein the identification prediction model comprises: applying excitation signals to each wind box air door (21) and each combustor air door (22), acquiring response signals of the temperature characteristic parameters and the operation data, acquiring the prediction model according to the excitation signals and the response signals, judging whether the prediction model is available, and applying different excitation signals to each wind box air door (21) and each combustor air door (22) if the prediction model is unavailable, wherein the standard for judging whether the prediction model is available is as follows: firstly, judging whether the relation between the positive and negative of the gain of the prediction model and the input parameter and the output parameter in the actual operation process of the boiler is consistent, and secondly, judging the error of the prediction model.
2. The boiler partial burn online adjustment system according to claim 1, wherein the cross section comprises M rows and N columns of temperature measurement blocks, the temperature characteristic parameters comprise a first temperature characteristic parameter X and a second temperature characteristic parameter Y, the first temperature characteristic parameter X and the second temperature characteristic parameter Y are respectively used for characterizing the distribution condition of the temperature field of the cross section along the width direction of the furnace (10) and along the depth direction of the furnace (10), and the first temperature characteristic parameter X and the second temperature characteristic parameter Y satisfy the following relation:
wherein, (x) i ，y j ) Representing coordinates of a center point of the temperature measurement block located in an ith row and a jth column in a plane rectangular coordinate system xOy established with the center point of the cross section as an origin, T (x) i ，y j ) Representing the temperature value of the center point of the temperature measurement block of the ith row and jth column obtained by the temperature field monitoring device (3).
3. The boiler partial burn online adjustment system according to claim 2, wherein the overgrate air correction factors comprise a first overgrate air correction factor and a second overgrate air correction factor for adjusting the distribution of the temperature field of the cross section in the width direction and the depth direction of the furnace (10), respectively, the partial burn adjustment device (5) being configured to obtain the first overgrate air correction factor and the second overgrate air correction factor using the predictive model as a function of the first temperature characteristic parameter X and the second temperature characteristic parameter Y.
4. A boiler partial burn online adjustment system according to claim 3, characterized in that the partial burn adjustment device (5) is configured to decrease the opening of the burner damper (22) when the abscissa value of the burner damper (22) in the planar rectangular coordinate system xOy coincides with the sign of the first temperature characteristic parameter X or when the ordinate value coincides with the sign of the second temperature characteristic parameter Y, and to increase the opening of the burner damper (22) when the abscissa value of the burner damper (22) in the planar rectangular coordinate system xOy coincides with the sign of the first temperature characteristic parameter X or when the ordinate value coincides with the sign of the second temperature characteristic parameter Y.
5. The boiler partial burn online adjustment system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the operational data includes unit load, coal feed amount, SCR reactor loadingInlet NOx concentration, air preheater inlet O 2 At least one of concentration, superheated steam temperature, reheat steam temperature, overgrate air box pressure, and air preheater outlet CO concentration.
6. The boiler partial burn online adjustment system according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the temperature field monitoring device (3) comprises a plurality of temperature sensors of the cross section arranged between an overfire air channel of the boiler body (1) and a turndown angle of the boiler body (1).
7. The on-line boiler bias firing adjustment system according to claim 6, wherein 8 to 10 of the temperature sensors are provided on the cross section.
8. The boiler partial burn online adjustment system of claim 6, wherein the temperature sensor comprises an acoustic temperature sensor.
9. The boiler partial burn online adjustment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the decentralized control system (4) has an interactive interface for displaying the temperature field data and the status of the individual dampers.
10. The boiler partial burn online adjustment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the partial burn adjustment device (5) further comprises a data acquisition module configured to acquire the operational data from the decentralized control system (4).
11. The boiler partial burn online adjustment system of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising:
and the communication module is coupled with the secondary air distribution device, the temperature field monitoring device (3), the distributed control system (4) and the bias burning adjusting device (5) and is configured to transmit the temperature field data, the operation data, the opening degree of each air door and the control instruction.
12. A boiler partial burn online adjustment method using the boiler partial burn online adjustment system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by comprising:
acquiring temperature field data and operation data in a real-time state, and acquiring temperature characteristic parameters for representing the distribution condition of a temperature field on a cross section of a hearth according to the temperature field data;
according to the deviation between the temperature characteristic parameter and the set value in a real-time state, a control instruction for controlling the air door mechanism (2) is obtained by using a prediction model;
controlling each air door of the air door mechanism (2) according to the control instruction to enable the temperature characteristic parameter to be in the set range;
the boiler bias burning online adjustment method further comprises the steps of identifying the prediction model taking the temperature characteristic parameters in a real-time state as input parameters, the operation data as feedforward parameters and the opening degree of each air box air door (21) and the secondary air correction coefficient as output parameters according to an identification test, wherein the identification prediction model comprises:
applying excitation signals to each of said windbox damper (21) and each of said burner damper (22) to obtain response signals of said temperature characteristic parameters and said operational data;
acquiring the prediction model according to the excitation signal and the response signal;
judging whether the prediction model is available, and if the prediction model is not available, applying different excitation signals to each wind box air door (21) and each combustor air door (22);
the criteria for determining whether the prediction model is available are as follows: firstly, judging whether the relation between the positive and negative of the gain of the prediction model and the input parameter and the output parameter in the actual operation process of the boiler is consistent, and secondly, judging the error of the prediction model.
13. The method of on-line adjustment of boiler bias firing according to claim 12, wherein obtaining the control command using the predictive model comprises: a first control instruction for controlling the opening degree of each of the windbox damper (21) and a second control instruction for defining the overgrate air correction coefficient are acquired by using the predictive model.
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