CN112235316A - Data communication method for instrument integration - Google Patents
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- CN112235316A CN112235316A CN202011233317.1A CN202011233317A CN112235316A CN 112235316 A CN112235316 A CN 112235316A CN 202011233317 A CN202011233317 A CN 202011233317A CN 112235316 A CN112235316 A CN 112235316A
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/06—Notations for structuring of protocol data, e.g. abstract syntax notation one [ASN.1]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
Abstract
The invention discloses an instrument integrated data communication method, and relates to the technical field of data communication. The method comprises the steps of A, data frame structure setting, B, data packet construction and sending and C, data packet receiving and analyzing. The data frame structure of the step A is composed of a frame header, a data length, a class name, data contents and a check code module. The communication system comprises a sending end and a receiving end, wherein the sending end and the receiving end communicate through the data packet with the frame structure, and the sending end constructs data obtained by binary serialization of a transmission data object into the data packet and sends the data packet. The receiving end receives the data packet, provides the class name and the data content according to the frame structure, and obtains the object through deserialization to realize analysis. The sharing is good, when the transmission parameter changes, only the class structure needs to be modified, the completed construction and analysis program does not need to be modified, and the method is particularly suitable for various instrument integration systems with various transmission parameters and complex processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data communication, in particular to an instrument integrated data communication method.
Background
In the network communication between instruments and between the instruments and an upper computer in the instrument integration system, a communication protocol is used for realizing the standard between the instruments and the network connection, when the communication is carried out, all data needing to be communicated are sent in a packaging mode according to a defined frame structure, and then according to the preset communication protocol, corresponding data are intercepted according to byte digits to complete unpacking, so that needed related data are obtained. The data to be transmitted is generally defined by parameter value arrangement sequence, each parameter is allocated with fixed length byte number or formed into byte sequence by interval symbol. The realization work of the communication protocol is complicated, and a large amount of time is occupied in the development and debugging of the software system.
In the instrument integration system, due to the diversity of instruments, different functions of the instruments and different configuration parameters, control and acquisition data of different instruments, the transmitted data contents are different, a data packet construction and analysis program is required for each type of instrument, and different construction and analysis codes are required for different parameters of the same instrument.
When the instrument parameters change, the transmitting and receiving parties need to revise the test for the construction and analysis programs of the completed protocol data packet. In the instrument integration system, when new instruments are added, a data packet construction and analysis program of a newly-established communication protocol is also needed.
Especially for instruments with complex operation flows, such as gas chromatography with temperature gradient rise with unfixed orders up to dozens of orders and complex liquid transfer and separation flows of liquid engineering stations, the construction and analysis by using conventional data packets are very complex and difficult, time-consuming and easy to make mistakes.
In order to reduce the development workload and improve the reusability and reliability of codes, a common data packet constructing and analyzing program is particularly needed, which is suitable for the data communication between various instruments and a central control system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art and provides an instrument integrated data communication method.
The idea of the invention is to introduce object binary serialization as data packet content, provide a common data packet construction, sending, receiving and analyzing method, realize automatic construction and analysis of data packets, solve the problems that different instruments need to develop different construction and analyzing programs, both the receiving and sending parties need to modify the data packet construction and analyzing programs and the packing and analysis of complicated process parameters are difficult when the transmission changes caused by instrument changes, avoid complicated development and reduce the error rate.
A data packet adopts a frame structure of transmission data containing class names, and comprises a frame header module for representing a start identification character of the transmission data, a data length module for recording the sum of byte numbers of all the transmission data, a class name length module for recording the number of the name bytes of the transmission data class, a class name module for recording a name character string of the transmission data class, a data content module for transmitting data bytes obtained by binary serialization of a data object, and a check code module for data integrity check.
The frame structure of the data packet is composed of a frame header, a data length, a class name, data contents and a check code module:
frame head: takes 2 bytes and represents the transmission data start identification character.
Data length: takes 2 bytes, represents the sum of the byte numbers of all data containing the frame head, and has the length ranging from 0 to 65535.
Length of class name: takes 1 byte to represent the name byte number of the defined transmission data class.
Class name: the length is variable, less than 256 bytes, and represents the name string of the defined transport class.
Data content: the length is not fixed and can not exceed 65000 at most, and represents the data obtained by binary serialization of the transmission data object.
And (4) checking codes: the system is used for verifying the integrity of the transmitted data and calculating check codes for all data except the check codes; the number of bytes is determined according to an algorithm.
The communication system comprises a sending end and a receiving end, wherein the sending end and the receiving end communicate through the data packets with the structure, and the sending end is an instrument or a central control system; the receiving end is an instrument or a central control system; the transmitting end and the receiving end may coexist in an instrument or a central control system.
Based on object-oriented programming language, a data packet constructing and sending program of a sending end carries out binary serialization on instance objects of data classes to be transmitted, the obtained data are used as transmission content, and a data packet is constructed according to frame structure definition for data sending. And the data packet receiving and analyzing program at the receiving end receives the data, takes out the content of the transmission data according to the frame structure definition, and deserializes according to the class name to obtain the object.
For different instruments, only the data class corresponding to the instrument needs to be created, and the construction and analysis programs can be directly shared, so that the development of respective programs is avoided; when the parameters are changed, only the composition of the transmission data class is required to be modified, and the construction and analysis program is not required to be modified; and a serialization mechanism and an deserialization mechanism are adopted, so that automatic construction and analysis are realized, simplicity and convenience are realized, and the problem of difficulty in packing and analyzing complicated process parameters is avoided.
Wherein, the data packet of the sending end constructs the sending program, also include the step:
step 0: acquiring a transmission data class name and an instance object;
step 1: binary serialization is carried out on the instance objects to obtain a byte array;
step 2: calculating the total length of data packets, and defining byte array variables of the data packets;
and step 3: setting a frame header identifier to a data packet;
and 4, step 4: setting the data length to the data packet with high byte in front;
and 5: setting the length of the class name to a data packet;
step 6: setting a class name to a data packet;
and 7: setting binary serialization to obtain data to a data packet;
and 8: calculating a check code, and writing the check code into a data packet;
and step 9: and calling the communication interface to send data.
Further, the data packet receiving and analyzing program of the receiving end further comprises the following steps:
step 0: defining data packet variables and calculation variables;
step 1: receiving data in bytes from a communication interface;
step 2: writing data packet variables in sequence and counting;
and step 3: judging whether the received first two data are consistent with the frame header identification, if not, skipping to the step 1 to restart receiving the data;
and 4, step 4: obtaining the length of a data packet;
and 5: judging whether the receiving is finished or not, if not, skipping to the step 1 to continue receiving the data;
step 6: calculating a check code, verifying the integrity of the data, and if the verification codes are inconsistent, skipping to the step 1 to restart receiving the data;
and 7: the length of the class name is taken from the data packet;
and 8: extracting a class name character string from the data packet;
and step 9: retrieving object serialized data from the data packet;
step 10: and performing binary deserialization on the obtained data to obtain an object, and completing analysis.
As mentioned above, the invention defines the transmitted parameter into a serialization class based on the object-oriented programming basis, the given frame structure containing the class name, the sending end obtains the data as the data packet content transmission by the binary serialization of the object for transmitting the data and the receiving end obtains the object by the deserialization for analysis, the logic is simple, and the automatic construction and the automatic analysis are realized; when transmission parameters change, only the class structure needs to be modified, the structure of a protocol is not influenced, the completed data packet construction and analysis program does not need to be modified, and the effects of good code reusability and the like are achieved; all instruments can be shared, the tedious and error-prone work that different instruments need to be developed respectively or a construction and analysis program is modified is avoided, and the method is suitable for data communication of various instrument integration systems with different parameters or complex operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmitted data frame structure of an instrument-integrated data communication method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an instrument integrated data communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of packet construction and transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of packet receiving and parsing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples
The invention relates to an instrument integrated data communication method which is characterized by comprising the steps of A, data frame structure setting, B, data packet construction and sending and C, data packet receiving and analyzing.
In the C # programming language, the command space needs to be added system.
The transmitted data information of the instrument is defined, and the instrument of the instrument integrated system is formed, and the information can be divided into instrument basic information, operation parameter information, control information, detection data and the like.
The construction of the instrument transmission data class is explained by taking the communication between a central control system and a multi-channel high-speed metabolic performance analyzer (analyzer for short) as an example. The data class of the analyzer can be divided into an instrument basic information base class, an operation parameter information class, a control information class and a detection data class.
The basic information base class of the instrument comprises an instrument identification code, an instrument type, an instrument name, an operation type (setting/inquiring/commanding), an operation result (NULL/OK/NG) and a message.
Class of operating parameter information: the basic information base class of the instrument comprises a detection mode, a detection type and a detection parameter.
Control information class: instrument base information base class, including commands (reset/run/stop).
Detecting a data class: the basic information base class of the instrument comprises an operation state, an X coordinate value, a Y coordinate value and a detection value.
The frame structure (as shown in fig. 1) for transmitting data in the embodiment of the present invention is composed of a frame header 1, a data length 2, a class name length 3, a class name 4, data contents 5, and a check code 6. The frame header flags are 0x5A, 0xA 5; the check code is 1 byte number and is calculated by using an XOR algorithm.
The transmission data is transmitted or received as one data packet according to the frame structure.
The data to be transmitted is defined as a serializable class and is instantiated as an object, and the data transmission is divided into two parts, namely data packet construction and transmission at a transmitting end and data packet receiving and analyzing at a receiving end.
The instrument integrated data communication system architecture of the present embodiment (as shown in figure 2),
the communication system comprises a sending end and a receiving end;
the sending end and the receiving end communicate through the data packet of the structure;
the transmitting end is an instrument or a central control system;
the receiving end is an instrument or a central control system;
the transmitting end and the receiving end may coexist in an instrument or a central control system.
Definition of serializable classes:
[Serializable]
Public class InstrumentClass
{Public string DeviceId；Public string DeviceType；Public int cmd＝0；}
the definition of the class must be preceded by [ Serializable ], indicating that the class supports serialization.
The embodiment further provides a common communication program, which includes a packet construction and transmission program at a transmitting end and a packet reception and analysis program at a receiving end:
wherein, the packet constructing and sending process of the packet constructing and sending program (as shown in fig. 3).
And B, constructing and sending the data packet, and further comprising the following steps:
step B0: transmitting a data class name className and an object obj as input parameter variables;
step B1: binary serialization is carried out on obj by using a Binaryformatter of C # to obtain a byte array buf;
step B2: calculating the data length Len which is the array length of 6+ className character string length + buf, and defining a frame data packet variable Byte array Byte [ ] SendData according to the Len value;
step B3: setting a frame header SendData [0] to be 0x 5A; SendData [1] ═ 0xA 5;
step B4: setting the data length with high byte in front, i.e. SendData [2] (Len > 8) &0 xff; SendData [3] ═ Len &0 xff;
step B5: setting the length of a class name, and setting the length of a className character string as SendData [4 ];
step B6: setting class name, writing the characters of className into the memory space of the initial address of SendData [5] in sequence;
step B7: binary serialization is carried out to obtain buf of data, and the buf is written into the memory space of the initial address of an array SendData [5+ SendData [4 ];
step B8: calculating a check code, calculating an XOR value of the array SendData from SendData [0] to SendData [ Len-2] according to bytes, and writing the result into SendData [ Len-1 ];
step B9: data SendData is transmitted by a communication interface (Socket or serial port of TCP).
Further, the packet receiving and parsing process of the packet receiving and parsing program (as shown in fig. 4).
The step C, receiving and analyzing the data packet, further comprising the steps of:
step C0: defining a character array Byte [ ] receivedData, and counting a variable receivedCount ═ 0;
step C1: receiving data from the communication interface and transmitting the data in bytes as parameters;
step C2: writing the character array ReceivdData [ ReceivdCount ], ReceivdCount + +, in sequence;
step C3: when the received data length ReceivedCount is larger than 1, judging whether the received data is receivedcata [0] ═ 0x5A and receivedcata [1] ═ 0xA5, if the received data is not equal to the received data, determining that the received data is invalid data, setting ReceivedCount to be 0, and quitting and returning to an empty object nu |;
step C4: when the receivedCount is more than 3, acquiring the length Len of the data packet which is receivedData [2] < 8+ receivedData [3 ];
step C5: if the receivedCount is less than Len, quitting and returning to an empty object nu |;
step C6: verifying the integrity of data, calculating a check code, judging the correctness of the data, calculating an XOR value from receivedData [0] to receivedData [ Len-2] by the array of receivedData, comparing whether the calculation result is equal to the receivedData [ Len-1], and if so, determining that the data is valid; otherwise, the data is regarded as invalid data, a receivedCount is set to be 0, and the data is quitted and returned to an empty object nu |;
step C7: obtaining the class name length classNameLength from receivedData [4 ];
step C8: obtaining the characters of classNameLength number from receivedData [5], and forming a class name character string className;
step C9: from the address of receivedData [5+ classNameLength ] to receivedData [ Len-2], extracting object serialized data, and writing the object serialized data into a character array buf;
step C10: deserializing buf by Desriaize binary of Binaryformatter to obtain newOjb (object type);
step C11: the class names className and newOjb are returned.
An embodiment, further, uses in a communication system:
the sending end of the communication system, the instrument or the central control system sends data, and the method further comprises the following steps:
step f 1: defining an instrumentation class supporting serializable transmission data;
step f 2: defining an instance object of the class, namely an instrumentation class obj, and setting transmission data;
step f 3: transferring the instrumentation class and obj as parameters to the step B;
the receiving end of the instrument or the central control system receives data, and the method further comprises the following steps:
step j 1: receiving data from a communication interface;
step j 2: step C is called by cycling according to a single byte as a parameter;
step j 3: obtaining a return object obj, and if obj is nu | |, skipping to step j 1;
step j 4: converting the obj type of the object according to the returned class name, and performing corresponding subsequent processing;
when the parameters of the instrument are changed, only the transmission data class instrumentation needs to be modified, and when a new instrument is added, only the corresponding instrument data transmission class instrumentation needs to be created, and new sending data and receiving analysis programs do not need to be modified or developed.
In summary, the present invention defines the transmitted data as a serializable class based on the object-oriented programming basis, provides a frame structure containing class name, transmits the data obtained by binary serialization of the object for transmitting data as the packet content and analyzes the data obtained by deserialization, and compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features:
and (one) the realization is easy to understand. The logic is simple, the programming is simple, and C # can be realized by programming.
The (II) sharing property is good. In one system, all instruments can be shared, and the complex and error-prone work that different instruments need to be developed or modified, constructed and analyzed is eliminated.
(III) easy to change. When the content of the transmission data changes, only the structure of the class needs to be modified, or the inheritance class can be created, so that the structure of the protocol cannot be influenced.
And (IV) the reusability of codes is good. The protocol build and parse procedures for the completed protocol are no longer modified due to instrument parameter changes and instrument additions.
And (V) the method is not limited to C # programming, and can be used for supporting serialized object-oriented languages.
And (VI) the method is not limited to instrument integration, and scenes needing data packet construction and analysis can be used.
Claims (7)
1. A data communication method of instrument integration is characterized by comprising the steps of A, data frame structure setting, B, data packet construction and sending and C, data packet receiving and analyzing.
2. The instrument-integrated data communication method according to claim 1, wherein said step a. data frame structure setting is composed of a frame header a1, a data length a2, a class name length A3, a class name a4, a data content a5, and a check code a 6.
3. The instrument integrated data communication method of claim 1, wherein said step b. data packet construction transmission further comprises the steps of:
step B0: acquiring a transmission data class name and an instance object;
step B1: binary serialization is carried out on the instance objects to obtain a byte array;
step B2: calculating the total length of data packets, and defining byte array variables of the data packets;
step B3: setting a frame header identifier to a data packet;
step B4: setting the data length to the data packet with high byte in front;
step B5: setting the length of the class name to a data packet;
step B6: setting a class name to a data packet;
step B7: setting binary serialization to obtain data to a data packet;
step B8: calculating a check code, and writing the check code into a data packet;
step B9: and calling the communication interface to send data.
4. The instrument integrated data communication method of claim 1, wherein said step c. packet reception parsing further comprises the steps of:
step C0: defining data packet variables and calculation variables;
step C1: receiving data in bytes from a communication interface;
step C2: writing data packet variables in sequence and counting;
step C3: judging whether the received first two data are consistent with the frame header identification, if not, skipping to the step 1 to restart receiving the data;
step C4: obtaining the length of a data packet;
step C5: judging whether the receiving is finished or not, if not, skipping to the step 1 to continue receiving the data;
step C6: calculating a check code, verifying the integrity of the data, and if the verification codes are inconsistent, skipping to the step 1 to restart receiving the data;
step C7: the length of the class name is taken from the data packet;
step C8: extracting a class name character string from the data packet;
step C9: retrieving object serialized data from the data packet;
step C10: and performing binary deserialization on the obtained data to obtain an object, and completing analysis.
5. An instrument integrated data communication method according to claim 2, wherein said step A. data frame structure setting, further,
the frame header A1: identifying a character for transmission of data; the number of bytes is 2;
the data length a 2: the total number of bytes of all transmission data containing the frame header, the length range is 0-65535; the number of bytes is 2;
the length of the class name A3: name byte number of defined transmission data class; the number of bytes is 1;
the name of the class A4: a name string for a defined class of transmission data, the defined class of data including instrument identification information; the length is variable and is less than 256 bytes;
the data content a 5: data obtained for binary serialization of a transmission data object; the length is not fixed, and the maximum length can not exceed 65000 bytes.
The check code A6: the system is used for verifying the integrity of the transmitted data and calculating check codes for all data except the check codes; the number of bytes is determined according to an algorithm.
6. The instrument integrated data communication system of claim 1, wherein said communication system comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end;
the sending end and the receiving end communicate through the data packet of the structure;
the transmitting end is an instrument or a central control system;
the receiving end is an instrument or a central control system;
the transmitting end and the receiving end may coexist in an instrument or a central control system.
7. The instrument-integrated data communication method according to claim 6, wherein the communication system, the instrument or the central control system sends data, further comprising the steps of:
step f 1: defining a transmission data class supporting serialization;
step f 2: defining instance objects of the classes, and setting transmission data;
step f 3: transferring the transmission data class name and the instance object as parameters to the step B;
the receiving end of the instrument or the central control system receives data, and the method further comprises the following steps:
step j 1: receiving data from a communication interface;
step j 2: step C is called by cycling according to a single byte as a parameter;
step j 3: obtaining a class name and an object;
step j 4: and converting the object type according to the obtained class name, and performing corresponding processing.
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| CN114201425B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2024-05-07 | 广州地铁设计研究院股份有限公司 | Communication method and system capable of compensating slow communication rate |
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