CN112101724A - Injection-production capacity splitting number method based on multi-factor fusion - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-factor fusion-based injection-production capacity splitting method. Meanwhile, actual production parameters and data are combined, calculation of different oil fields can be adapted, and prediction applicability is further improved. Compared with a common independent calculation method, the method greatly improves the yield splitting precision. And meanwhile, the method is combined with the actual geological condition, so that the yield splitting coefficient which is accordant with the actual oil field is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil reservoir development, and particularly relates to an injection-production capacity splitting number method based on multi-factor fusion.
Background
For the water injection development of a multi-layer oil reservoir, only under the premise of knowing the layering utilization condition of an oil-water well, a feasible layering excavation potential measure can be taken. At present, under the condition of no profile test data, the traditional splitting method for oil-water well production states comprises a KH method, an H method, a residual oil method, a numerical simulation method and a multi-plate parameter method. The method simply splits the layered liquid production and water injection of the oil well and the water well according to the productivity coefficient of each small layer, and does not consider the oil well and the water well as a unified whole. The conventional yield splitting method has strong applicability to sandstone reservoirs with small production well sections, few perforation layers and weak reservoir heterogeneity; and the applicability is poor for sandstone reservoirs with strong reservoir heterogeneity, long production well sections and multiple perforation layers.
Split production research is an important subject of dynamic analysis work for oil and gas field development: firstly, wells with long production history have no or difficult measurement of dynamic data of layered production for various reasons, and split production analysis can better solve the problem; for multilayer and heterogeneous oil and gas reservoirs, although multiple sets of well patterns are adopted for layered mining, thin layers in the oil and gas reservoirs are finally merged into thicker production layers for general development, and dynamic characteristic description of the layers is also applied to yield splitting; and thirdly, the oil and gas wells which are produced by the system injection system and the oil and gas reservoirs which need to be further developed by the subdivision layer system and take production measures after the oil reservoirs are finely described need to be subjected to yield splitting.
The most fundamental theoretical basis of the split production method is the oil and gas field development geological theory and the oil and gas reservoir dynamic analysis principle. A difficulty in developing continental clastic rock multilayer hydrocarbon reservoirs is reservoir heterogeneity. Aiming at the characteristic, China adopts a layered system development mode to ensure that oil and gas are hidden in the early stage of development to obtain an ideal development effect. And in the middle and later stages of oil and gas reservoir development, dynamic analysis and quantification are required, a heterogeneous porous medium model is established in a three-dimensional space, and a characteristic parameter quantitative value is given to the dynamics of a finer stratum. Therefore, new requirements are provided for the description of the dynamic characteristics of the subdivided small layers and the improvement of the development effect of the small layers.
At present, the most common methods in the splitting process of the oil and gas reservoir yield are conventional calculation methods such as KH, H, residual oil method, numerical simulation method, multi-plate parameters and the like, and the basic principle is that the effective thickness H, KH of a producing zone is used for weighted calculation to obtain the flow splitting coefficient of each layer system. The basic principle of the residual oil method and the numerical simulation method is that the distribution characteristics of residual oil in the plane and the longitudinal direction are clearly known through an oil reservoir engineering parameter or the numerical simulation method and by combining with actual production dynamics, the splitting fraction is determined according to the distribution of small-layer residual oil, but the model is established more complicatedly and has high requirements on data parameters; the grey correlation principle is that the injection and production system is regarded as a grey system, the strength, the size, the sequence and the like of the relationship among the factors are described by using the correlation degree according to the production data of each injection and production well comprising a water injection sample and a liquid production sample, and the correlation degree can be determined to a certain degree by the method, but the required correlation degree tends to be balanced and cannot actually reflect the geological profile; the principle of the factor combination method is that the yield split of each time node is calculated by combining the dynamic and static data of each production with the yield utilization threshold value and using the difference method, and the calculation process is complicated.
The multi-parameter graph method is to make statistics on static and dynamic parameters of oil and gas reservoir and to establish a statistical characteristic graph. The production is affected differently by characteristic parameters of each oil and gas reservoir, through analysis, statistical correlation is established between parameters with obvious production influence, such as sandstone thickness or effective thickness h, effective porosity y, permeability K, formation coefficient Kh, percolation ratio K/y and the like, and the highest correlation parameter is selected for carrying out yield splitting calculation. The method finds that the actual calculation results of the methods are obviously different and even contradictory when the methods are applied to the actual oil and gas fields. The adaptation range of different methods is different, for example, the multi-parameter graph method is only suitable for a few oil and gas reservoirs. Based on the method, the concept of liquid volume flow splitting is introduced into the oil field yield splitting process, and a more advanced method is searched for to better solve the yield splitting problem of various complex oil fields.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an injection-production capacity splitting number method based on multi-factor fusion, and aims to solve the problems of accuracy and applicability of a traditional splitting method in the process of calculating oil field yield splitting. The method can improve the accuracy problem of the plane splitting process of the oil field caused by well pattern arrangement, different well types and the like and the applicability problem of the oil field in various oil fields.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a multi-factor fusion-based injection-production capacity splitting method comprises the following steps:
step 1) dividing well control areas of small layers and single wells;
step 2), determining a single well plane distribution coefficient;
step 3), well groups are divided, a grey correlation coefficient is determined, and normalization processing is carried out;
step 4), calculating a comprehensive factor coefficient by using a fusion method;
and 5) splitting the single well liquid amount again, and calculating the liquid amount splitting coefficient.
Wherein, step 1) the average rolling thickness of the single-well small layer is determined: the well control area division rule is determined by combining geological profiles and well control area division rules through deployment of the oil containing area and well positions of the target oil reservoir small layer, the well control area of a single well is determined, and the average flattening thickness of the single well is determined by combining the effective thickness of the small layer single well.
Wherein, step 2), step 3) plane distribution influence factor analysis: analyzing the influence factors of the distribution of the influence planes according to cluster analysis, determining the main influence factors including permeability, deposition microphase influence coefficients, ejection thickness grading, injection-production well spacing and the like, completing the quantitative identification of the distribution of the single well planes, and calculating the plane distribution coefficients of the well groups according to a plane distribution coefficient and gray correlation coefficient calculation method.
Wherein, the step 4) is to calculate the comprehensive factor coefficient: on the basis of the grey correlation coefficient and the plane distribution coefficient, after the correlation degree analysis is carried out on all factors influencing plane communication, the two methods are fused, and the distribution coefficient precision is ensured on the basis of ensuring the correlation priority of the influencing factors.
Wherein, step 5) is based on the split method calculation of liquid volume split: fusing the plane distribution coefficients obtained in the steps 2) and 3) with the grey correlation degrees to be used as intermediate parameters to participate in liquid flow distribution calculation, taking an oil well as a center, firstly calculating the single well injection allocation amount of the oil well by using the factor combination coefficient, calculating the sum of the injection allocation amounts of the oil wells in a small layer, the multidirectional affected wells are listed separately, the calculated injection allocation quantity is used for calculating the distribution coefficients of the affected wells in all directions, the split yield in the small layer of the affected wells is counted, the split quantity of the affected wells in each well group is calculated by combining the distribution coefficients in all directions, subtracting the splitting component redistributed by the affected well in the well group to obtain the sum of the splitting components of each well without the affected well, on the basis, the distribution proportion among wells after the effective wells are removed is calculated by using factor coefficients, the single-well distribution amount of the ineffective wells is calculated, and finally the redistribution amount of the effective wells and the split amount of each well of the ineffective wells are summed to determine the liquid flow distribution coefficient.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, in the step 1), when the target block well pattern deployment or well pattern arrangement is complex, the single well control area can be determined according to the well control area division rule strictly for the directional well, when the well control area is divided again for the horizontal well, the well control area range can be expanded by an oil drainage radius according to the oil drainage radius calculation method, and for the multi-directional affected horizontal well, the well control area boundary can be used as a common boundary according to the horizontal well trajectory to determine the control area in each direction. Based on the above rules, well control areas under different well types and well pattern deployments can be determined.
Further, the influence parameters of the plane yield distribution in the step 3): analyzing the influence factors influencing the plane distribution according to cluster analysis, determining the main influence factors comprising permeability, deposition microphase influence factors, ejection thickness grading, injection-production well spacing and the like, completing the quantitative identification of the single-well plane distribution, and effectively analyzing the association degree of the main influence factors influencing the plane yield distribution by a gray association method, thereby optimizing the most main parameters and calculating the well group plane distribution coefficients according to the plane distribution coefficients and the gray association coefficient calculation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the technical scheme discloses a multi-factor fusion-based injection-production capacity splitting number method. The novel method fuses the traditional yield splitting method, extracts key parameters of different methods, and finally fuses all the parameters by taking the liquid volume splitting method as a main method. By combining the sedimentary facies characteristics and geological parameters, the splitting number calculated by the novel method is more consistent with the actual communication condition. And (3) calculating a splitting coefficient based on the new method to compare the splitting coefficient with an actual value of the output of the injection and production well, wherein the proportion of the number of wells with higher fitting degree reaches 90%, the fitting degree reaches more than 85%, and the prediction applicability is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the results of various types of splitting methods in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing production from a portion of a production well in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the production from a portion of a water injection well in an embodiment of the present invention.
For a person skilled in the art, other relevant figures can be obtained from the above figures without inventive effort.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1: calculation of oil field B oil field single well liquid volume flow dividing coefficient
The oil field B of the oil field has a large range of work areas, a longitudinal layer is spread widely, the influence of bottom water is involved in the whole work area range, the well pattern is not deployed completely, and more horizontal injection wells and extraction wells are arranged. By the improved method, the planar yield split of the work area is researched.
By dividing the well control area of the single well according to the step 1 through the injection and production well position and the oil content control area of each layer system, the well pattern of the research area is imperfect, the division rule is mainly divided according to a nine-point method, the outward-expansion half well spacing is basically guaranteed, and the division is also performed according to the outward-expansion rule for the horizontal well. And determining the well control areas of the injection and production well group and the single well, and determining the average rolling thickness of the single well in the well group according to the effective thickness of the single well.
And (3) optimizing main influence factors in the target block respectively according to the step 2 and the step 3, wherein the main influence factors comprise permeability, thickness, deposition microphase influence coefficients, shooting thickness grading, injection and production well spacing, the number of wells around a single well, measure transformation coefficients and the like, optimizing various parameters respectively, determining main association parameters, calculating association degree, determining plane distribution coefficients by taking the main association parameters as calculation parameters according to the step 2, and determining the association degree between the injection and production wells in the association factors by taking the well group as a unit. And fusing the two methods in the data result to finally obtain the factor comprehensive coefficient.
According to the step 5, with the oil well as the center, firstly, the single well injection allocation amount of the oil well is calculated by using the factor combination coefficient, and the sum of the injection allocation amounts of the oil wells in the small layer is calculated. And (3) listing the multidirectional affected wells individually, calculating the distribution coefficients of the affected wells by using the calculated injection allocation quantity, counting the split yield in the small layer of the affected wells, and recalculating the split quantity of the affected wells in each well group. And subtracting the splitting component redistributed by the affected well in the well group to obtain the sum of the splitting components of the wells without the affected well. On the basis, the distribution proportion among wells after the effective wells are removed is calculated by using the factor coefficient, and the single-well distribution amount of the ineffective wells is calculated. And finally, summing the redistribution quantity of the affected well and the splitting quantity of each well of the non-affected well to obtain the splitting coefficient. Through the calculation methods in the steps 1-5, the calculation results of the five splitting numbers are compared respectively, as shown in fig. 1. According to the comparison of actual oil reservoir data, the split coefficient calculated by the liquid amount split method can reflect the actual communication condition.
Compared with the traditional splitting method or a single splitting method, the novel method for splitting the block single well yield has the following comparison results: and performing yield splitting according to the splitting number of the single method and the new method, and comparing splitting results of the new method injection well with those of fig. 2 and fig. 3. The comparison by combining the sedimentary microfacies shows that the communication degree of the injection-production well and the yield splitting result reach 85 percent with the actual fitting degree, and the fitting degree of the single method is only 50 percent. Further, the method can reflect the actual injection-production communication condition and is high in applicability.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-factor fusion-based injection-production capacity splitting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1) dividing well control areas of small layers and single wells;
step 2), determining a single well plane distribution coefficient;
step 3), well groups are divided, a grey correlation coefficient is determined, and normalization processing is carried out;
step 4), calculating a comprehensive factor coefficient by using a fusion method;
and 5) splitting the single well liquid amount again, and calculating the liquid amount splitting coefficient.
2. The multi-factor fusion-based steam production capacity split number of claim 1
The method is characterized in that the technical route of the step 1) is as follows: determining a well control area division rule by combining geological profiles, determining a single-well control area and determining the average flattening thickness of a single well by combining the effective thickness of the small-layer single well;
the well control area division rule is as follows: splitting the perfect well pattern by adopting a reverse nine-point well pattern; for an imperfect well pattern, splitting by adopting a reverse five-point well pattern; the distance to the fault is less than half well spacing, and injected water can be driven to the fault surface; the distance fault is more than half well spacing, and 1/3 well spacing is expanded properly; and when the two water injection wells are adjacent, selecting the midpoint of the two water injection wells as a displacement radius.
3. The multi-factor fusion-based injection-production productivity splitting number method according to claim 1, wherein the technical route of the step 2) is as follows: determining the average flattening thickness of a single well on the basis of determining the well control area; by means of cluster analysis, according to the geological characteristics of an oil reservoir in a research area, considering the influence factors of well groups or single wells on plane distribution, wherein the influence factors comprise permeability, deposition microphase influence coefficients, ejection thickness grading and injection-production well spacing; meanwhile, because a certain correlation exists among the indexes, all the influence factors are classified according to the idea of hierarchical clustering, the quantitative identification of single-well plane distribution is completed according to all the influence factors in the well group, and the well group plane distribution coefficient is calculated.
4. The multi-factor fusion-based injection-production productivity splitting number method according to claim 2, wherein the technical route of the step 3) is as follows: on the basis of analyzing well group plane influence factors, carrying out relevance analysis on each influence factor, wherein the influence factors comprise permeability, thickness, deposition microphase influence coefficients, injection-production well spacing, the number of surrounding wells, ejection thickness grading and non-effective well fluid production indexes;
dividing well groups;
secondly, after selecting the optimal quality and calculating the mean value, carrying out homogenization treatment;
determining the absolute value of the difference between the parameter value and the optimal value of each well, and performing difference processing;
determining the maximum value and the minimum value according to the calculation steps, and solving the correlation coefficient according to the gray coefficient of 0.5;
normalization processing to obtain grey correlation coefficient.
5. The multi-factor fusion-based injection-production productivity splitting number method according to claim 2, wherein the technical route of the step 4) is as follows: on the basis of the grey correlation coefficient and the plane distribution coefficient, after the correlation degree analysis is carried out on all factors influencing plane communication, the two methods are fused, and the distribution coefficient precision is ensured on the basis of ensuring the correlation priority of the influencing factors.
6. The multi-factor fusion-based injection-production productivity splitting number method according to claim 2, wherein the technical route of the step 5) is as follows:
firstly, taking an oil well as a center, calculating the single-well injection allocation amount of the oil well by using a factor combination coefficient, and calculating the sum of the injection allocation amounts of the oil wells in a small layer;
listing the multidirectional affected wells individually, calculating the distribution coefficients of the affected wells in all directions by using the calculated injection allocation amount, and counting the split yield in the small layers of the affected wells;
computing the splitting amount of the affected well in each well group by combining the distribution coefficients in all directions;
subtracting the splitting components redistributed by the affected wells in the well group to obtain the sum of the splitting components of each well without the affected wells;
on the basis, calculating the distribution proportion among wells after the wells with the affected wells removed by using the factor coefficient, and calculating the single well distribution amount of the wells without the affected wells;
finally summing the redistribution quantity of the affected well and the splitting quantity of each well of the non-affected well, and determining the liquid quantity flow splitting coefficient.
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| US20160376885A1 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-29 | Petrochina Company Limited | Method and Apparatus for Performance Prediction of Multi-Layered Oil Reservoirs |
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| CN107869348A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-03 | 西北大学 | A kind of method of thick-layer sandstone oil reservoir producing well production split |
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| US20160376885A1 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-29 | Petrochina Company Limited | Method and Apparatus for Performance Prediction of Multi-Layered Oil Reservoirs |
| CN106777651A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 北京源博科技有限公司 | The oil-water well production split method of balanced flood principle |
| CN107869348A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-03 | 西北大学 | A kind of method of thick-layer sandstone oil reservoir producing well production split |
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| 刘香山等: "多层合采水驱油藏产量劈分方法适应性研究", 《电力与能源》, no. 25, 5 September 2013 (2013-09-05), pages 3 * |
| 叶剑川: "分层注水配注量计算与优化研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑》, 15 February 2015 (2015-02-15), pages 5 - 6 * |
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