CN112082891A - Erosion resistance test method for three-high oil-gas well throttle valve - Google Patents
Erosion resistance test method for three-high oil-gas well throttle valve Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
- G01N3/567—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion by submitting the specimen to the action of a fluid or of a fluidised material, e.g. cavitation, jet abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing erosion resistance of a three-high oil-gas well throttling valve, which comprises the following steps: designing experimental parameters; preparing experimental materials; connecting a throttle valve and a variable-angle nozzle; connecting a test device to check air tightness; starting a pumping system, and observing the passing conditions of the erosion fluid re-throttling valve and the throttle manifold; adjusting the gas and liquid discharge capacity to meet the experimental requirements; opening a valve of the buffer tank and a slurry return pump; after the experiment is finished, stopping the pump to release the pressure; disassembling the throttle valve, checking the erosion degree and analyzing the erosion damage reason; the next experiment. The invention can accurately and intuitively simulate the erosion action of the throttling well on the throttling valve and the throttling manifold under the condition of mixed gas heavy mud, and evaluate the reliability, erosion resistance and conformity and adaptability to the technical process requirements of well control of the throttling valve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of well control safety of oil and gas wells, in particular to a method for testing erosion resistance of a three-high oil and gas well throttling valve.
Background
The three-high oil-gas well refers to an oil-gas well with the characteristics of high pressure, high yield or high sulfur content. In the drilling process, due to the safety production particularity of the three-high well, once a blowout out-of-control accident happens, formation gas rushes into a drilling tool and carries drilling fluid to rush out of the ground, so that serious damage to oil and gas resources and equipment facilities, serious casualties and severe social influences are easily caused, and whether safety management and risk management are in place or not is particularly important.
The choke valve is a key device in the well control manifold, whether the choke valve can normally work is directly related to the success or failure of well killing, dynamic simulation tests are necessary to be carried out on different types of choke valves, the reliability and the erosion resistance of the choke valve during the implementation of the throttling well killing and the conformity and the adaptability to the well control technology and process requirements are checked, and a decision basis is provided for the actual combat of the throttling well killing.
Chinese patent CN105547885A provides an erosion experimental system for gas well, an erosion method thereof and a jet stream adjusting device, which can realize more accurate jet drop point control, thereby ensuring that the change range of the included angle between the fluid jetted on the experimental sample and the experimental sample is very small, and achieving the purpose of accurately controlling the incident angle by adjusting the angle between the experimental sample and the jetted fluid; the patent CN105547884A provides a jet erosion experimental apparatus, can simulate the jet erosion operating mode of high temperature high pressure environment in the pit.
Chinese patent CN205643122U provides a jet type fluid-solid coupling erosion experimental device, which can realize high flow rate and high sand ratio operation and electrochemical real-time measurement; an article, namely erosion behavior of 40Cr in high-pressure liquid-solid two-phase flow, provides a throttle valve erosion experimental device, which can accurately control an attack angle, sand content and system pressure parameters, so that erosion behavior of a throttle valve core material 40Cr under different attack angles is realized; the article 'development of high-speed jet erosion corrosion experiment device and real-time dynamic electrochemical test thereof' provides a set of high-speed jet erosion corrosion experiment device, which is provided with a flexible jet distance and attack angle adjusting system and can be used for researching the erosion degree of the jet distance and jet angle on throttle valve materials.
The erosion experimental device disclosed above mainly focuses on a method of performing single-point erosion on the throttle valve material hanging piece by using high-pressure fluid, but does not perform overall erosion performance evaluation research on the throttle valve, and does not consider the working condition that drilling fluid and downhole gas are mixed and continuously sprayed under the condition of three-high-pressure gas well killing construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a method for testing the erosion resistance of a three-high oil-gas well throttling valve.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a test method for erosion resistance of a three-high oil-gas well throttling valve adopts a test device comprising a pressure swing adsorption nitrogen making machine, a pressure stabilizing air storage tank, a slurry storage tank, a three-phase mixer, a throttling valve and a buffer tank, and comprises the following steps: an experimental preparation part, an experimental process part and an experimental analysis part.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the experimental preparation section, the experimental process section and the experimental analysis section specifically include the following steps: :
(1) designing experimental parameters;
(2) preparing experimental materials;
(3) connecting a throttle valve and a variable-angle nozzle;
(4) connecting a test device to check air tightness;
(5) starting a pumping system, and observing the passing conditions of the erosion fluid re-throttling valve and the throttle manifold;
(6) adjusting the gas and liquid discharge capacity to meet the experimental requirements;
(7) opening a valve of the buffer tank and a slurry return pump;
(8) after the experiment is finished, stopping the pump to release the pressure;
(9) disassembling the throttle valve, checking the erosion degree and analyzing the erosion damage reason;
(10) the next experiment.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, in the test apparatus, an air outlet end of the pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator is connected to the bottom of a pressure stabilizing air tank, the top of the pressure stabilizing air tank is connected to a three-phase mixer through a pipeline, the bottom of the slurry storage tank is connected to an inlet end of a slurry pump through a pipeline, an outlet end of the slurry pump is connected to the three-phase mixer through a pipeline, the three-phase mixer is further connected to one end of a throttle valve, the other end of the throttle valve is connected to one end of a throttle manifold, the other end of the throttle manifold is connected to the top of a gas-liquid separator, a side outlet line of the gas-liquid separator is further connected to the top of a buffer tank, the bottom of the buffer tank is connected to an inlet of a slurry return pump through a pipeline.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, a liquid flow meter is provided in a line connecting an outlet of the slurry pump and the three-phase mixer.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, a gas pressure reducing valve, a gas flow meter and a check valve are provided in a line connecting the pressure-stabilizing gas tank and the three-phase mixer.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, a first pressure gauge and a pressure-releasing three-way valve are installed between the three-phase mixer and the throttle valve.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, a second pressure gauge is attached to a line connecting the choke manifold and the gas-liquid separator.
As a further preferable mode of the present invention, a blow valve is installed in a pipeline at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator.
Preferably, the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank, the liquid flow meter, the first pressure gauge, the second pressure gauge and the pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator are all connected with the control system.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the throttle manifold is connected to the outer wall of the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline by a screw thread, the variable angle nozzle is connected to the inner wall of the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline by a screw thread, and the ends of the variable angle nozzle and the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline are substantially flush after the variable angle nozzle is connected to the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline.
As a further preferred mode of the invention, the angle-variable nozzle controls the injection angle of the gas-mixed heavy slurry to be in the range of 0-60 °
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle-variable nozzle controls the injection angle of the mixed gas heavy slurry to be 0 °, 15 °, 30 °, 45 °, and 60 °.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
1. the erosion effect of the throttling well on the throttling valve and the throttling manifold can be accurately and visually simulated under the condition of mixed gas heavy mud, and the reliability, erosion resistance and conformance and adaptability to the technical process requirements of well control of the throttling valve can be evaluated;
2. the erosion simulation experiment of taking pure liquid phase, gas-solid two-phase and gas-liquid-solid three-phase as erosion fluid is realized, and the erosion resistance of the throttle valve under various well conditions is evaluated;
3. the invention realizes the integral erosion test of the throttle valve, obtains the influence degree of factors such as the opening degree of the throttle valve, the incident angle of high-pressure fluid, the pressure and the discharge capacity of the erosion fluid on the erosion resistance of the throttle valve through systematic research, provides a basis for the optimization and improvement of the throttle valve in the construction process of throttling and killing wells, and ensures the requirements of safe and rapid drilling of three-high wells.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a variable angle erosion nozzle according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the test method of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-a pulp storage tank; 2-a slurry pump; 3-a gas-liquid separator; 4-a buffer tank; 5-a slurry return pump; 6-a control system; 7-pressure swing adsorption nitrogen making machine; 8-pressure stabilizing gas storage tank; 9-gas pressure reducing valve; 10-a gas flow meter; 11-a one-way valve; 12-a liquid flow meter; 13-a three-phase mixer; 14-a first pressure gauge; 15-pressure relief three-way valve; 16-a throttle valve; 17-a choke manifold; 18-a second pressure gauge; 19-a blow-down valve; 20-a stirrer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the test method for the erosion resistance of the throttling valve of the three-high oil-gas well adopts a test device which comprises a pressure swing adsorption nitrogen making machine 7, a pressure stabilizing gas storage tank 8, a slurry storage tank 1, a three-phase mixer 13, a throttling valve 16 and a buffer tank 4, wherein the gas outlet end of the pressure swing adsorption nitrogen making machine 7 is connected with the bottom of the pressure stabilizing gas storage tank 8, the top of the pressure stabilizing gas storage tank 8 is connected with the three-phase mixer 13 through a pipeline, the bottom of the slurry storage tank 1 is connected with the inlet end of a slurry pump 2 through a pipeline, the outlet end of the slurry pump 2 is connected with the three-phase mixer 13 through a pipeline, the three-phase mixer 13 is also connected with one end of the throttling valve 16, the other end of the throttling valve 16 is connected with one end of a throttling manifold 17, the other end of the throttling manifold 17 is connected with the top of a gas-liquid separator 3, the side outlet wire of the gas, the outlet of the slurry return pump 5 is connected with the top of the slurry storage tank 1 through a pipeline, the gas phase is directly discharged after being separated in the gas-liquid separator 3, and the liquid phase returns to the slurry storage tank 1 through a slurry return pipeline.
In particular, a fluid flow meter 12 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the slurry pump 2 with the three-phase mixer 13, and is used for measuring the flow rate of slurry pumped by the slurry pump 2.
Specifically, a gas pressure reducing valve 9, a gas flow meter 10 and a check valve 11 are arranged on a pipeline connecting the pressure stabilizing gas storage tank 8 and the three-phase mixer 13, the gas pressure reducing valve 9 is used for adjusting the pressure of nitrogen discharged from the pressure stabilizing gas storage tank 8, the gas flow meter 10 is used for measuring the flow rate of the nitrogen, and the check valve 11 prevents gas from flowing back into the gas storage tank.
Particularly, a first pressure gauge 14 and a pressure relief three-way valve 15 are arranged between the three-phase mixer 13 and the throttle valve 16, so that pressure relief is performed under the condition that the pipeline is blocked to cause abnormal pressure relief, and safety accidents are prevented.
Specifically, a second pressure gauge 18 is installed on a pipeline connecting the throttle manifold 17 and the gas-liquid separator 3, the second pressure gauge 18 is used for measuring the outlet pressure of the throttle manifold 17, and the first pressure gauge 14 is used for measuring the inlet pressure of the throttle manifold 17.
Specifically, a blow-off valve 19 is installed in the line at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 3 for blowing off the separated gas.
Particularly, the pressure stabilizing air storage tank 8, the liquid flow meter 12, the first pressure gauge 14, the second pressure gauge 18 and the pressure swing adsorption nitrogen making machine 7 are all connected with the control system 6, and the control system 6 is used for controlling and regulating various flow and pressure data.
In particular, the throttle manifold 17 is connected with the outer wall of the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline through threads, the variable angle nozzle is connected with the inner wall of the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline through threads, and after the variable angle nozzle is connected with the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline, the end parts of the variable angle nozzle and the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline are basically equal.
Particularly, the variable-angle nozzle controls the injection angles of the mixed gas heavy mud to be 0 degrees, 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees, as shown in fig. 2, erosion tests at different angles can be realized, and the influence degree of the high-pressure fluid incidence angle on the erosion resistance of the throttle valve 16 can be conveniently researched.
In the process of on-site throttling and killing construction of a gas well, formation gas rushes into a drilling tool and carries drilling fluid to rush into a throttling manifold 17, the throttling valve 16 is directly eroded, and experimental personal casualties are easily caused in the experimental process due to the fact that reservoir gas of a three-high gas reservoir contains high-concentration hydrogen sulfide, so that nitrogen is used for substitution.
In the device, the mixture of drilling fluid and nitrogen with a certain flow can be injected into the throttling valve 16 to simulate the condition of gas-mixed heavy mud for dynamic simulation experiment.
The main function of the pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator 7 is to provide high-pressure nitrogen mixed with drilling fluid, the nitrogen used in the experiment is output by the pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator 7 and then is filled into the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank 8, gas is output according to a certain flow rate by opening the adjusting gas pressure reducing valve 9, the flow rate of the output gas is monitored in real time through the gas flowmeter 10, and the check valve 11 is used for preventing the drilling fluid from reversely flowing into a gas phase pumping process.
The slurry storage tank 1 mainly has the advantages that drilling fluid for erosion of the throttle valve 16 in the experimental process is provided, as gas wells are mostly high-temperature reservoirs, in order to simulate high temperature of a stratum, an electric heating sleeve (heating temperature is 30-300 ℃) is wrapped outside the slurry storage tank 1, the prepared drilling fluid is preheated before the experiment, an outlet pipeline of the slurry pump 2 and an outlet pipeline of the pressure stabilizing gas storage tank 8 are converged into an inlet of the three-phase mixer 13 together, the three-phase mixer 13 is used for mixing the drilling fluid and nitrogen and then injecting the mixed drilling fluid into the erosion simulation module of the variable-angle throttle valve 16, and the erosion resistance performance evaluation experiment of the throttle valve 16 is carried out.
In the experimental process, the used drilling fluid is prepared by adopting a drilling fluid formula in the actual drilling process of a target block; directly eroding the throttle valve 16 and the throttle manifold 17 through a nozzle by a drilling fluid and nitrogen mixture of the three-phase mixer 13, recording the pressure difference at two ends of the throttle manifold 17 in real time through a first pressure gauge 14 and a second pressure gauge 18 at an inlet and an outlet, and judging the erosion failure of the throttle valve 16; the mixed gas heavy mud passing through the throttle valve 16 enters the gas-liquid separator 3 for separation, the separated gas is directly discharged through the emptying valve 19, the separated liquid phase (drilling fluid) is discharged to the buffer tank 4 through a pipeline, and the drilling fluid is reversely discharged back to the slurry storage tank 1 through the slurry return pump 5.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for testing the erosion resistance of the three-high oil-gas well throttle valve 16 adopts the test device, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) setting experimental parameters such as physical and chemical parameters of the erosion fluid, erosion pressure, erosion discharge capacity, fluid incident angle, opening degree of the throttle valve 16 and the like; taking a certain gas well in the southwest area as an example, the experimental parameters are set by combining the test device as follows: the density of the drilling fluid is 1.8g/cm3pH value 11, viscosity 48mPa.s, solid phase content 35% and sand content 0.20%; nitrogen displacement 2.2Nm3Min; the mixing ratio of the slurry to the nitrogen is 1: 15; the fluid incidence angles are 0 °, 15 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °;
(2) preparing corresponding experimental drilling fluid according to the current drilling situation of an experimental target block, placing the corresponding experimental drilling fluid in a slurry storage tank 1, opening a stirrer 20, installing an electric heating sleeve outside the slurry storage tank 1, and adjusting to an experimental specified temperature to heat the drilling fluid;
(3) selecting a throttle valve 16 and a variable-angle nozzle required by an experiment, and connecting the throttle valve and the variable-angle nozzle to a mixed gas heavy slurry inflow pipeline;
(4) connecting all other experimental parts into the test device, closing all valves and checking the air tightness of the whole process of the test device;
(5) setting the opening of the throttling valve 16 as an experimental requirement, then opening valves of a gas pumping flow and a drilling fluid pumping flow, firstly opening a small displacement and observing the passing condition of the erosion fluid in the throttling valve 16 and the throttling manifold 17;
(6) then, the mud pump 2 and the gas pressure reducing valve 9 are started according to the discharge capacity required by the experiment, so that the mixed fluid erodes the throttle valve 16 and the throttle manifold 17, and the pressure difference at two ends of the throttle manifold 17 is recorded in real time through the first pressure gauge 14 and the second pressure gauge 18;
(7) opening a valve of the buffer tank 4, and opening a slurry return pump 5;
(8) after the experiment is finished, the slurry pump 2 and the gas pressure reducing valve 9 are closed;
(9) disassembling the throttle valve 16, analyzing the cause of erosion damage, and taking a high-definition picture of an erosion part;
(10) the experiment was ended.
The field test comprises key stages of test site and equipment arrangement, early stage test preparation, dynamic simulation, performance evaluation and the like.
Test site and equipment arrangement
As shown in figure 1, the test equipment mainly comprises 1 set of slurry pumps, 3 sets of field air-tight seal detection vehicles, a 105MPa throttling manifold, a drilling fluid liquid-gas separator, a slurry tank, accessories and the like.
The test medium is prepared by mixing slurry and nitrogen, wherein the main technical parameters of the slurry are as follows: density 1.8g/cm3PH11, viscosity 48s, solid content 35% and sand content 0.20%;
controlling the pump stroke range to be 80 times/minute-110 times/minute; the purity of nitrogen is 99.9 percent, and the discharge capacity is 2.2Nm3/min。
The mixing ratio of the slurry and the nitrogen is between 1:1 and 1: 2.
Second, early stage test preparation
Installation of equipment
The drilling pump pipeline and the nitrogen vehicle pipeline are connected in parallel on the manifold through instrument flanges, the slurry pump is connected with the manifold through a high-pressure hose, and the slurry pump is connected with the slurry tank through a hard connection mode. The throttle manifold is connected with the mud-gas separator, the manifold and the separator are connected by a flange and a hard pipeline, and the mud return pipeline is connected to the mud tank. The drilling mud pump, the power system, the manifold, the blowout pipeline and the mud-gas separator are fixed by adopting a cement-based pier or an expansion bolt and a clamping plate, and the pipeline and the suspended part of the equipment are supported.
The upper part of the mud-gas separation is fixed by a guy rope, and four corners of the mud-gas separation are fixed by steel wire ropes with the diameter of 16mm, so that the main body is ensured to be vertical to the ground; the basket screws are used for fixing the steel wire rope, the upper end and the lower end of the steel wire rope are respectively provided with 3 rope clamps, the rope clamp holder is buckled on the working section of the steel wire rope, the U-shaped bolt is clamped on the tail section of the steel wire rope, and the rope clamp distance is 200 mm. The fastening part of the steel wire rope and the drilling fluid liquid-gas separator is firmly fastened.
The distance between each fixed point of the blowout pipeline and the grout returning pipeline is not more than 10m, the length, the width and the depth of a cement-based pier used for fixing the pipelines are 0.8m, 0.8m and 1.0m, the diameter of the embedded foundation bolt is not less than 20mm, and the length of the embedded foundation bolt is more than 0.5 m. The pipeline fixing should use an integral pressing plate, the thickness is not less than 10mm, and the width is not less than 100 mm.
Pressure test after installation
The test inlet is the pressure test flange at the front end of the throttle manifold, the gate valve is closed, and the pressure test is carried out on the front end of the throttle manifold closing valve, the hose and the slurry pump outlet valve; the pressure of the pressure test is fixed to be 38MPa, the pressure is kept stable for 10min, the pressure drop is 0.2MPa, and the pressure test is free of leakage and qualified.
Safety technology before test
The method is used for carrying out technical and safety interaction on different levels and different posts of commanders, operators, safety personnel, technicians and the like, clearly dividing labor and respective responsibilities, carrying out analysis on risks possibly existing in the test and key high-risk working conditions and areas, understanding hazards which easily occur under various working conditions and key control areas, and making corresponding precautionary measures.
Test run before test
The test run mainly monitors and inspects key parts such as a slurry pump, a throttle manifold, a high-pressure pipeline, a slurry-gas separator and the like.
Three, dynamic simulation test
Gas and slurry are injected into a throttle manifold by a slurry pump and an on-site gas-tight seal detection vehicle, and the reliability and the erosion resistance of the three types of throttle valves during implementing throttle well killing and the conformance and the adaptability to well control technology and well control process requirements are tested by adjusting the opening degree of the throttle valve and controlling the pressure and the discharge capacity.
Taking common PVC, wedge, orifice plate throttle valves as examples, the fluid flow route is composed of the following three routes respectively:
fluid flow line (PVC throttle valve): mud tank-pump-choke manifold (main choke: j2b, j2a, j1 inlet choke, j5, j9) -mud separator-mud tank.
Fluid flow path (wedge type throttle valve): mud tank-pump-choke manifold (secondary throttle channel: j3a, j3b, j4 domestic throttle valve, j7, j9) -mud separator-mud tank.
Fluid flow path (orifice throttle valve): mud tank-pump-choke manifold (secondary throttle channel: j2b, j11a, j12a orifice throttle valve, j13a, j9) -mud separator-mud tank.
And after the test is finished, disassembling and checking the throttle valve, checking whether the valve core, the valve seat and the downstream anti-erosion short circuit have erosion traces, and analyzing the erosion resistance, the reliability and the well control conformance of the valve by adopting algorithms and models such as mechanical field simulation, flow field simulation and CV curve.
Respectively explaining the analysis processes of erosion resistance, reliability and well control conformance of the well control agent: erosion resistance, namely, whether a flow field is stable or not, the size of fluid erosion force and a stress concentration area are judged by adopting mechanical simulation software, and downstream erosion can be reduced by reducing and changing the injection angle through guiding the fluid;
reliability analysis, mainly analyzing the valve core and the impact resistance to a downstream pipeline, ensuring that pressure fluctuation is in a certain range, eliminating the risk of vibration fracture, and evaluating the throttling controllability of the valve core by checking whether a CV curve is linear or not; the well control conformance analysis mainly analyzes whether the throttling valve conforms to the requirements of a well control technology and a well control process in the aspect of pressure stability, does not cause great pressure fluctuation to damage equipment or a stratum, and meanwhile, within a controllable pressure regulating range, the throttling valve is stable in pressure regulation and good in throttling controllability and plays a role in the well killing process really.
Fourth, evaluation of throttle valve Performance
Analyzing the erosion effect of the valve and the waveform characteristics of the pressure curve after the test, and integrally evaluating the throttle valve in three aspects of erosion resistance, throttle well-killing reliability and well control requirement conformity, wherein the erosion resistance is divided into high, high and poor 3 grades, the throttle well-killing reliability is divided into strong, medium and poor 3 grades, and the well control requirement conformity is divided into conformity, basic conformity and nonconformity 3 grades.
Through comprehensive evaluation of the throttle valve, a corresponding selection criterion is established, and through a field test, the throttle valve is optimized in structure or made of a strong erosion resistant material, so that the erosion resistance of the throttle valve is improved, and the safety guarantee in the well killing process of the three-high gas well is enhanced.
Example 1
PCV throttle erosion test
The test process comprises the following steps: the test medium is 1.8g/cm3The whole process of the slurry is accompanied by nitrogen injection, the test pump is flushed for 60-80 times/min, the test pump is pumped for 20-35MPa, the valve opening is about 1/8 (7-9 mm), and the test time is 490 min.
And (3) test results: the pump pressure is up to 44MPa instantaneously, and the phenomenon of pressure instantaneous rise is accompanied for many times, and the control pressure is 30MPa because the impact pressure is overlarge and the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part is 10MPa, and experiments show that the valve can stably run under the pressure of 30 +/-5 MPa.
Example 2
Wedge-shaped throttle valve erosion test
The test process comprises the following steps: test medium 1.8g/cm3The whole process of the slurry is accompanied by nitrogen, the testing pump is flushed for 110 times/minute, the testing pump is pressed for 12-17MPa, the valve opening is about 1/10 (2-4 mm), and the testing time is 486 min.
And (3) test results: in the case of the highest pump speed and the lowest opening, the pump pressure cannot exceed 20MPa by using the wedge-shaped throttle valve, and experiments show that the valve can stably operate at the pressure of 12.5 +/-2.5 MPa.
Example 3
Orifice throttle erosion test
The test process comprises the following steps: the test medium is 1.8g/cm3The whole process of the slurry is accompanied by nitrogen injection, the testing pump is flushed for 110 times/minute, the testing pump is pumped for 14-23MPa, the valve opening is about 1/8(7 mm-9 mm), and the testing time is 315 min.
And (3) test results: during the test, the pump pressure drops to 4MPa from high pressure instantly for many times, the pressure can be increased to the original pressure after the movable valve is opened and closed, the last pressure is from 14MPa to 4MPa, the time is 1min, the valve is considered to be damaged, and the test is stopped.
Test results
According to analysis of dynamic test results, the evaluation results of the PVC throttle valve, the wedge-shaped throttle valve and the orifice plate throttle valve are shown in the following table:
| throttle type | Resistance to erosion | Reliability of a throttled well | Compliance with well control process requirements |
| EXAMPLE 1PCV throttle valve | Height of | High strength | Conform to |
| EXAMPLE 2 wedge throttle valve | Is higher than | High strength | Basic coincidence |
| EXAMPLE 3 orifice throttle valve | Difference (D) | Difference (D) | Is not in compliance with |
And (4) conclusion: the orifice throttling valve has poor throttling effect and unreasonable structural design, so that serious erosion is caused to the downstream and the valve seat sleeve, and a PCV (positive pressure control) valve is recommended to be used for main throttling and a wedge valve is recommended to be used for auxiliary throttling in a 105MPA throttling manifold of the three-high well, and an orifice valve is not adopted; wedge valves may be used in 70MPA and below choke manifolds.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The three-high oil-gas well throttling valve erosion resistance test method is characterized in that an adopted test device comprises a pressure swing adsorption nitrogen making machine, a pressure stabilizing gas storage tank, a slurry storage tank, a three-phase mixer, a throttling valve and a buffer tank, and the test method comprises the following steps: an experimental preparation part, an experimental process part and an experimental analysis part.
2. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttling valve of the three-high oil-gas well as defined in claim 1, wherein the experimental preparation part, the experimental process part and the experimental analysis part specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) designing experimental parameters;
(2) preparing experimental materials;
(3) connecting a throttle valve and a variable-angle nozzle;
(4) connecting a test device to check air tightness;
(5) starting a pumping system, and observing the passing conditions of the erosion fluid re-throttling valve and the throttle manifold;
(6) adjusting the gas and liquid discharge capacity to meet the experimental requirements;
(7) opening a valve of the buffer tank and a slurry return pump;
(8) after the experiment is finished, stopping the pump to release the pressure;
(9) disassembling the throttle valve, checking the erosion degree and analyzing the erosion damage reason;
(10) the next experiment.
3. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttle valve of the three-high oil-gas well as defined in claim 2, wherein in the testing device, the gas outlet end of the pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator is connected with the bottom of the pressure stabilizing gas storage tank, the top of the pressure stabilizing gas storage tank is connected with the three-phase mixer through a pipeline, the bottom of the slurry storage tank is connected with the inlet end of the slurry pump through a pipeline, the outlet end of the slurry pump is connected with the three-phase mixer through a pipeline, the three-phase mixer is further connected with one end of the throttle valve, the other end of the throttle valve is connected with one end of the throttle manifold, the other end of the throttle manifold is connected with the top of the gas-liquid separator, the side outlet line of the gas-liquid separator is further connected with the top of the buffer tank, the bottom of the buffer tank is connected with the inlet of the slurry return pump through a.
4. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttling valve of the three-high oil-gas well as claimed in claim 3, wherein a liquid flow meter is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the slurry pump and the three-phase mixer.
5. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttling valve of the three-high oil-gas well as defined in claim 3, wherein a gas pressure reducing valve, a gas flow meter and a one-way valve are arranged on a pipeline connecting a pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank and the three-phase mixer.
6. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttling valve of the three-high oil-gas well as defined in claim 5, wherein a first pressure gauge and a pressure relief three-way valve are arranged between the three-phase mixer and the throttling valve.
7. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttling valve of the three-high oil-gas well as defined in claim 3, wherein a second pressure gauge is arranged on a pipeline connecting the throttling manifold and the gas-liquid separator.
8. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttling valve of the three-high oil-gas well as defined in claim 7, wherein a vent valve is installed on a pipeline at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator.
9. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttling valve of the three-high oil-gas well as defined in claim 3, wherein the pressure stabilizing gas storage tank, the liquid flow meter, the first pressure gauge, the second pressure gauge and the pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator are connected with a control system.
10. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttle valve of the three-high oil-gas well as defined in claim 3, wherein the throttle manifold is connected with the outer wall of the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline through threads, the variable angle nozzle is connected with the inner wall of the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline through threads, and after the variable angle nozzle is connected with the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline, the end parts of the variable angle nozzle and the mixed gas heavy mud inflow pipeline are basically leveled.
11. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttling valve of the three-high oil-gas well as defined in claim 10, wherein the variable-angle nozzle controls the injection angle of the gas-mixed heavy mud to be in the range of 0-60 degrees.
12. The method for testing the erosion resistance of the throttle valve of the three-high oil-gas well as defined in claim 11, wherein the injection angle of the mixed gas heavy mud controlled by the angle-variable nozzle is 0 °, 15 °, 30 °, 45 ° and 60 °.
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