CN112069698B - BIM-based hoisting simulation construction method and system - Google Patents
BIM-based hoisting simulation construction method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM, which comprises the following steps: modeling the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene components, determining the station area of the automobile crane, and finding out the optimal stations of a plurality of automobile cranes; planning a path from the initial position to the target position of the hoisted object, wherein each path diagram corresponds to one or more operation steps; and simulating the hoisting process of the automobile crane, detecting whether a suspension arm and a hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with a scene structure or not when the automobile crane performs hoisting, turning, luffing and telescoping actions, simultaneously calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm, and judging whether the safety requirement is met or not. The method can accurately simulate the hoisting process of the automobile crane, obtain an optimal hoisting path, avoid collision, and ensure that the pressure of the landing leg to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm are both in a safe range. The invention also provides a hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hoisting. More particularly, the invention relates to a hoisting simulation construction method and a hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM.
Background
Hoisting operation is an indispensable link in engineering construction process all the time. Under the background that the national industrialization of the building is greatly driven and the domestic various engineering construction is developed towards the large and complicated trend, the huge market demand brings new driving force to the development of the hoisting industry, so that the demand for the crane is also increased. The automobile crane has the advantages of good mobility, rapid transfer and the like, and takes over the dominant position in the market demand of the mobile crane, which is more than about 75 percent. Is widely applied to construction projects of fast-developing urban engineering construction, bridge construction, nuclear power, wind power, petrochemical industry and other industries. At present, traditional hoisting scheme formulation mainly takes a manual mode as a main mode. The hoisting scheme making personnel firstly go to a hoisting site for investigation, study and analyze a hoisting operation environment, calculate and check according to the investigated working requirements, then investigate available automobile crane resources, consult an automobile crane hoisting performance data table, determine the working parameters of the automobile crane capable of completing hoisting task operation and the hoisting process thereof, and finally write a hoisting scheme. Because the data volume of the hoisting performance data table of the various types of automobile cranes is very large, the manual calculation and check and the selection of the automobile cranes meeting the working condition requirements are very complicated and low-efficiency, and the high-efficiency and economic adaptation to the working requirements is difficult; and the implementation effect of the hoisting scheme cannot be verified immediately after the hoisting scheme is determined, and the feasibility and the rationality of the scheme cannot be reliably verified before actual operation. Building information model (Building Information Modeling, also known as building information modeling), BIM for short, is a building or construction information model application that is composed of sufficient information to support new product development and management, and can be directly interpreted by a computer application. The BIM visualization and simulation can avoid the loss caused by the problems in the construction process to a great extent. How to effectively combine BIM with hoisting technology requires a great deal of research and is an important research object for researchers at present.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to address at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described below.
The invention also aims to provide a BIM-based hoisting simulation construction method, which can accurately simulate the hoisting process of the automobile crane, obtain an optimal hoisting path, avoid collision and ensure that the pressure of the landing leg to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm are within a safe range.
The invention also aims to a hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM, which can ensure the realization of a hoisting simulation construction method and improve the efficiency of hoisting simulation.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a hoist simulation construction method based on BIM, comprising:
Modeling the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene component in the construction process, marking the movable area of the automobile crane, and determining the station area of the automobile crane;
the optimal stations of a plurality of automobile cranes are found out by moving the stations of the automobile cranes and adjusting the amplitude of the suspension arms of the automobile cranes;
carrying out path planning on the initial position to the target position of the hoisted object to obtain N path diagrams, wherein each path diagram corresponds to one or more operation steps, and N > =1;
Simulating the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, detecting whether a suspension arm and a hoisting object of the automobile crane collide with a scene structure or not when the automobile crane performs hoisting, turning, luffing and telescoping actions, simultaneously calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm, and judging whether the safety requirement is met or not;
If collision occurs, adjusting the operation steps corresponding to the path diagram, and if collision cannot be avoided, replacing the path diagram and re-simulating;
If no collision occurs and the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm meet the safety requirement, recording the path diagram and the corresponding operation steps so as to guide the actual construction.
Preferably, in the hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM, the calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the crane truck to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm and judging whether the safety requirement is met specifically includes:
when the automobile crane performs lifting, rotation, amplitude variation and expansion actions, the pressure of the supporting leg of the automobile crane to the ground is calculated to obtain a dynamic change curve of the pressure to the ground, and whether the safety requirement is met or not is judged according to the dynamic change curve;
the crane boom comprises a main arm, an auxiliary arm and a telescopic arm, the forces born by the main arm, the auxiliary arm and the telescopic arm are calculated respectively, a dynamic change curve of the forces born by all parts in the process of motion change is obtained, and whether safety requirements are met is judged according to the dynamic change curve.
Preferably, in the Building Information Modeling (BIM) -based lifting simulation construction method, the path planning is performed from a starting position to a target position of a lifting object to obtain N path diagrams, and each path diagram corresponds to one or more operation steps, and the method specifically includes: and carrying out priority classification on the obtained N path diagrams, and dividing the N path diagrams into a first recommended path, a second recommended path and a third recommended path until an N recommended path, wherein each operation step comprises a series of decomposed action steps.
Preferably, in the Building Information Modeling (BIM) -based hoisting simulation construction method, the modeling of the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene component in the construction process specifically comprises the following steps: judging whether a matched sample model exists in an automobile crane model library according to attribute information of a hoisted object and a scene component, and if so, determining the sample model as a target three-dimensional model; if not, establishing a target three-dimensional model according to the attribute information.
Preferably, in the hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM, the determining the station area of the automobile crane specifically includes: according to the furthest hoisting position of the hoisted object, determining the maximum working radius according to the length of the suspension arm of the automobile crane, the maximum hoisting weight and the performance parameter of the automobile crane, and taking the overlapping part of the movable area of the automobile crane and the maximum working radius as the station area of the automobile crane.
Preferably, in the hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM, in the process of simulating the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and expansion actions, the influence of wind speed and wind direction on the hoisted object is added.
The object of the invention can be further achieved by a hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM, comprising:
the building module is used for modeling the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene component in the construction process;
the simulation display module is used for fusing the automobile crane model, the hoisted object model and the scene component model;
the station area determining module is used for determining the station area of the automobile crane;
The path planning module is used for planning a path from the initial position to the target position of the hoisted object and planning N path diagrams, wherein each path diagram is used for planning one or more operation steps, and N > =1;
The collision detection module simulates the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, and detects whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with the scene structure or not when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic actions,
And the force calculation module is used for calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm and judging whether the safety requirement is met.
Preferably, in the hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM, the force calculation module includes: the pressure calculation module is used for calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground; the force calculation module is used for calculating the force born by each component of the suspension arm, and the judgment module is used for calculating whether the pressure or the force born by the suspension arm meets the safety requirement.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the optimal stations of the plurality of automobile cranes are found out by moving the stations of the automobile cranes and adjusting the amplitude of the suspension arm of the automobile crane, and the stations are found out instead of only one station, so that the stations can be conveniently and quickly adjusted when collision occurs or the pressure of the supporting legs is overlarge during simulation; the path planning module can plan the path from the initial position to the target position of the hoisted object, recommends N path diagrams, and each path diagram corresponds to one or more operation steps. The collision detection module can detect whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with the scene structure, and the force calculation module can calculate the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm and judge whether the safety requirement is met. Therefore, in the simulated hoisting process, the invention can detect whether collision occurs, calculate the pressure of the landing leg to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm, ensure the construction safety, obtain the optimal hoisting path and operation steps, and can well guide the actual hoisting. The method and the system provided by the invention have the advantages of functional diversity and strong integration.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a BIM-based lifting simulation construction method in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, the hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
S10, modeling the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene component in the construction process, marking the movable area of the automobile crane, and determining the station area of the automobile crane.
Wherein, the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene component in the construction process are modeled specifically comprises: judging whether a matched sample model exists in an automobile crane model library according to attribute information of a hoisted object and a scene component, and if so, determining the sample model as a target three-dimensional model; if not, establishing a target three-dimensional model according to the attribute information. Attribute information of the automobile crane is rated lifting capacity, length of a suspension arm, lifting height and the like; the attribute information of the hoisted objects is the shape, the weight and the volume; the attribute information of the scene component is: shape, height, volume, area, etc.
In the modeling, the model of the truck crane, the hoisted object and the scene component is the same as the actual proportion. In the truck crane model library, a large number of previously built models are stored in the hoisted object model library and the scene components, for example, the truck crane models comprise truck crane models with various models as far as possible. The active area of the automobile crane needs to be determined according to practical condition examination.
The method for determining the station area of the automobile crane specifically comprises the following steps of: according to the furthest hoisting position of the hoisted object, determining the maximum working radius according to the length of the suspension arm of the automobile crane, the maximum hoisting weight and the performance parameter of the automobile crane, and taking the overlapping part of the movable area of the automobile crane and the maximum working radius as the station area of the automobile crane.
S20, finding out the optimal stations of the plurality of the automobile cranes by moving the stations of the automobile cranes and adjusting the amplitude of the suspension arms of the automobile cranes.
For determining the optimal station, the station needs to be adjusted for multiple times, and then the angle of the suspension arm is combined, so that the conditions of the automobile crane and the scene component, the automobile crane and the hoisted object are observed by utilizing functions such as three-dimensional view and the like. And finding out the optimal station positions of a plurality of automobile cranes, and recording data. A plurality of stations are found instead of only one station, so that the stations can be quickly and timely adjusted when collision occurs or the pressure of the supporting legs is overlarge during simulation.
S30, carrying out path planning on the initial position to the target position of the hoisted object to obtain N path diagrams, wherein each path diagram corresponds to one or more operation steps, and N > =1;
The method comprises the steps of carrying out path planning on a starting position to a target position of a hoisted object to obtain N path diagrams, wherein each path diagram corresponds to one or more operation steps and specifically comprises the following steps: and carrying out priority classification on the obtained N path diagrams, and dividing the N path diagrams into a first recommended path, a second recommended path and a third recommended path until an N recommended path, wherein each operation step comprises a series of decomposed action steps.
When the path planning is carried out, the shortest path from the initial position to the target position of the hoisted object is required to be found through the setting conditions of the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene components and through mathematical and physical operation. There are a number of alternative steps of operation, as there are different methods of operation from one location to another, e.g., lifting followed by translation, then turning, luffing, or translation followed by lifting, luffing, then turning, etc. Therefore, for each path, a plurality of detailed action steps are planned as much as possible, so that the action step which is most convenient to operate can be found during simulation.
S40, simulating the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, detecting whether a suspension arm and a hoisting object of the automobile crane collide with a scene structure or not when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic actions, simultaneously calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm, and judging whether the safety requirement is met or not;
When the automobile crane performs lifting, rotation, amplitude variation and expansion actions, the pressure of the supporting leg of the automobile crane to the ground is calculated, a dynamic change curve of the pressure to the ground is obtained, and whether the safety requirement is met is judged according to the dynamic change curve. The crane boom comprises a main arm, an auxiliary arm and a telescopic arm, the forces born by the main arm, the auxiliary arm and the telescopic arm are calculated respectively, a dynamic change curve of the forces born by all parts in the process of motion change is obtained, and whether safety requirements are met is judged according to the dynamic change curve.
The realization of the function needs to use programming language to design a hoisting simulation mechanical module, a calculation program of the ground pressure of the supporting leg of the automobile crane and a calculation program of the bearing force of the suspension arm. Because the pressure of the automobile crane to the ground and the force applied to each part of the suspension arm component are certainly changed continuously in the hoisting process, whether the force meets the safety requirement or not is determined according to a dynamic change curve, the situation that the force applied to a certain component of the suspension arm exceeds the safety requirement at a certain moment possibly occurs, and if the suspension arm is in long-term working condition, the suspension arm is also greatly damaged.
S41, if collision occurs, adjusting the operation steps corresponding to the path diagram, and if collision cannot be avoided, replacing the path diagram and re-simulating;
s42, if no collision occurs and the pressure of the landing leg of the truck crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm meet the safety requirement, recording the path diagram and the corresponding operation steps so as to guide the actual construction.
It should be noted that, since the performances of each model of the truck crane are different, the force born by the boom and the pressure of the landing leg to the ground are different, and therefore, the judgment is performed according to the performance parameters of the truck crane. Whether a collision occurs and whether the force magnitude is within a safe range, both conditions being met as much as possible.
In this embodiment, each path diagram corresponds to one or more operation steps, so that if problems such as collision occur during simulated hoisting, the path diagrams can be quickly adjusted, and the efficiency of successful simulation can be improved. Therefore, in the simulated hoisting process, the invention can detect whether collision occurs, calculate the pressure of the landing leg to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm, ensure the construction safety, obtain the optimal hoisting path and operation steps, and can well guide the actual hoisting.
In another embodiment, in the hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM, in the process of simulating the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and expansion actions, the influence of wind speed and wind direction on a hoisted object is added. Because the operation can be carried out in windy weather sometimes, the magnitude of wind power can certainly have a certain influence on hoisting. The influence degree of wind force is definitely different for different lifting objects, so that when the lifting is simulated, if the influence of wind speed and wind direction on the lifting objects is added, the simulation effect is closer to the condition of site construction.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM includes:
A building module 10 for modeling the mobile crane, hoisted objects and scene components during construction;
The simulation display module 20 is used for fusing the automobile crane model, the hoisted object model and the scene component model;
a stop zone determination module 30 for determining a truck crane stop zone;
the path planning module 40 is configured to plan a path from a starting position to a destination position of the hoisted object, and plan N path diagrams, where each path diagram plans one or more operation steps, N > =1;
the collision detection module 50 simulates the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, and detects whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with the scene structure or not when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic actions,
The force calculation module 60 is used for calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the crane truck to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm, and judging whether the safety requirement is met.
In another embodiment, the force calculation module 60 includes: a pressure calculation module 61 for calculating the pressure of the truck crane leg against the ground; the force calculation module 62 for calculating the force applied by the components of the boom and the determination module for calculating whether the pressure or the applied force meets the safety requirements.
As described above, according to the method disclosed by the invention, the hoisting process of the automobile crane can be accurately simulated, the optimal hoisting path can be obtained, the collision can be avoided, and the pressure of the landing leg to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm are ensured to be within a safe range.
Although embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the use listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Modeling the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene component in the construction process, marking the movable area of the automobile crane, and determining the station area of the automobile crane;
The method comprises the steps of determining a station area of the automobile crane, wherein the maximum operation radius is determined according to the furthest hoisting position of a hoisted object, the length of a boom of the automobile crane, the maximum hoisting weight and the performance parameters of the automobile crane, and the overlapping part of the movable area of the automobile crane and the maximum operation radius is used as the station area of the automobile crane;
the optimal stations of a plurality of automobile cranes are found out by moving the stations of the automobile cranes and adjusting the amplitude of the suspension arms of the automobile cranes;
carrying out path planning on the initial position to the target position of the hoisted object to obtain N path diagrams, wherein each path diagram corresponds to one or more operation steps, and N > =1;
the N obtained path diagrams are subjected to priority classification and are divided into a first recommended path, a second recommended path and a third recommended path, and each operation step comprises a series of decomposed action steps up to an Nth recommended path;
Simulating the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, detecting whether a suspension arm and a hoisting object of the automobile crane collide with a scene structure or not when the automobile crane performs hoisting, turning, luffing and telescoping actions, simultaneously calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm, and judging whether the safety requirement is met or not;
If collision occurs, adjusting the operation steps corresponding to the path diagram, and if collision cannot be avoided, replacing the path diagram and re-simulating;
If no collision occurs and the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm meet the safety requirement, recording the path diagram and the corresponding operation steps so as to guide the actual construction;
The method for calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm and judging whether the safety requirement is met or not specifically comprises the following steps:
when the automobile crane performs lifting, rotation, amplitude variation and expansion actions, the pressure of the supporting leg of the automobile crane to the ground is calculated to obtain a dynamic change curve of the pressure to the ground, and whether the safety requirement is met or not is judged according to the dynamic change curve;
the crane boom comprises a main arm, an auxiliary arm and a telescopic arm, the forces born by the main arm, the auxiliary arm and the telescopic arm are calculated respectively, a dynamic change curve of the forces born by all parts in the process of motion change is obtained, and whether safety requirements are met is judged according to the dynamic change curve.
2. The method for simulating construction of a hoist based on BIM according to claim 1, wherein the modeling of the car crane, the hoisted object and the scene member during the construction process specifically includes: judging whether a matched sample model exists in an automobile crane model library according to attribute information of a hoisted object and a scene component, and if so, determining the sample model as a target three-dimensional model; if not, establishing a target three-dimensional model according to the attribute information.
3. The hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM according to claim 1, wherein the influence of wind speed and wind direction on the hoisted object is added when the crane is in hoisting, turning, luffing and telescoping actions according to the obtained operation steps in the process of simulating the hoisting of the crane.
4. The hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM is applicable to the hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM described in claims 1-3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the building module is used for modeling the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene component in the construction process;
the simulation display module is used for fusing the automobile crane model, the hoisted object model and the scene component model;
the station area determining module is used for determining the station area of the automobile crane;
The path planning module is used for planning a path from the initial position to the target position of the hoisted object and planning N path diagrams, wherein each path diagram is used for planning one or more operation steps, and N > =1;
The collision detection module simulates the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, and detects whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with the scene structure or not when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic actions,
And the force calculation module is used for calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force born by the suspension arm and judging whether the safety requirement is met.
5. The BIM-based lifting simulation construction system of claim 4, wherein the force calculation module includes: the pressure calculation module is used for calculating the pressure of the landing leg of the automobile crane to the ground; the force calculation module is used for calculating the force born by each component of the suspension arm, and the judgment module is used for calculating whether the pressure or the force born by the suspension arm meets the safety requirement.
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