CN112050220B - Treatment system and method for purifying stale garbage by adopting plasma technology - Google Patents
Treatment system and method for purifying stale garbage by adopting plasma technology Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
- F23G2201/302—Treating pyrosolids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
- F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/50—Intercepting solids by cleaning fluids (washers or scrubbers)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing system and a method for purifying stale garbage by adopting a plasma technology, comprising a secondary combustion chamber, wherein the secondary combustion chamber comprises a vortex combustion dust removal chamber provided with a dual-mode plasma ignition system; the grab bucket of the trussed girder vehicle is positioned above a feed inlet of the material channel, the material pushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the material channel, the bottom of the material channel is connected to a combustion chamber, the output end of the combustion chamber is connected with the input end of a secondary combustion chamber, the output end of the secondary combustion chamber is connected to a waste heat steam boiler, the waste heat steam boiler is respectively connected with a screw type generator set and an economizer, the output end of the economizer is connected to an air preheating system, the output end of the air preheating system is divided into two paths, one path of the output end is connected to the combustion chamber, the other path of the output end is connected to a flue gas quenching device, and the flue gas quenching device, a bag-type dust collector, a spray tower and a chimney are sequentially connected. Auxiliary fuel does not need to be added, and a large amount of land is saved; garbage does not need to be classified, and cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stale waste treatment, in particular to a treatment system and a treatment method for purifying stale waste by adopting a plasma technology.
Background
With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the output of stale refuse is more and more, according to statistical data issued by the ministry of housing and construction, the output of stale refuse in China is more than four hundred million tons each year, and the harmless treatment of stale refuse also becomes a focus problem related to the environment and the life of people.
The existing method for treating the stale domestic garbage is mainly garbage incineration, and due to the complex components of the stale garbage, harmful substances such as smoke, percolate, slag, fly ash and the like generated by the stale garbage incineration cause increasingly serious pollution to the living environment. Among them, the most difficult is the treatment of fly ash, which is extremely harmful in toxicity and contains the most toxic inorganic substance "heavy metals" and the most toxic organic substance "dioxins". These heavy metal dust particles cannot be decomposed in water and combine with other toxins in water to produce more toxic organic matter. Dioxins are very easy to accumulate in organisms, have strong carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and mutagenicity, and generate toxic hazard to the environment and organisms.
Prior art 1 application number is 201810936439.3, is named as a patent application of a waste incineration device, and consists of components such as an incinerator, a feeding system, a heat exchanger and the like. Prior art 2 application number is 201911387152.0, the name is an environment-friendly waste incineration device, by burn the main part, the second burns the mouth, the case of lighting a fire, the first burns the mouth, torsion spring, burn the tower, flue gas pipeline, flue gas processing box, heat preservation wall, waste heat recovery pipe, water inlet, delivery port, enclosing cover, inner cup etc. and constitute. The above prior art, analyzed from a structural and principle point of view, has the following disadvantages: the emission of dioxin cannot be avoided by adopting the traditional incineration and pyrolysis modes; moreover, a large amount of fly ash and solid residues are produced. Causing air and soil pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that fly ash causes serious environmental pollution in the incineration process of stale refuse, the application provides a stale refuse treatment system for purifying dioxin, fly ash and residues by adopting a plasma technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows: a processing system for purifying stale garbage by adopting a plasma technology comprises a truss car grab bucket, a material pushing mechanism, a material channel, a first combustion chamber, a second combustion chamber, a waste heat steam boiler, an economizer, a water replenishing tank, a screw type generator set, an air preheating system, a flue gas quenching device, a bag-type dust remover, a spray tower and a chimney, wherein the second combustion chamber comprises a vortex combustion dust removal chamber provided with a dual-mode plasma ignition system; the grab bucket of the trussed girder vehicle is positioned above a feed inlet of the material channel, the material pushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the material channel, the bottom of the material channel is connected to a combustion chamber, the output end of the combustion chamber is connected with the input end of a secondary combustion chamber, the output end of the secondary combustion chamber is connected to a waste heat steam boiler, the waste heat steam boiler is respectively connected with a screw type generator set and an economizer, the output end of the economizer is connected to an air preheating system, the output end of the air preheating system is divided into two paths, one path of the output end is connected to the combustion chamber, the other path of the output end is connected to a flue gas quenching device, and the flue gas quenching device, a bag-type dust collector, a spray tower and a chimney are sequentially connected.
Further, the dual-mode plasma ignition system comprises a non-equilibrium plasma exciter and a thermal equilibrium plasma igniter which are connected.
Further, from last stoving storehouse, plasma pyrolysis storehouse, high temperature plasma combustion chamber, the stove ash storehouse of being equipped with down in proper order in a combustion chamber, plasma pyrolysis storehouse is connected to non-equilibrium plasma exciter through an output pipeline, is connected to vortex combustion clean room top through another output pipeline.
Further, the air preheating system comprises a fan and an air preheater which are connected, and the output end of the air preheater is respectively connected to the high-temperature plasma combustion bin and the flue gas quenching device.
Furthermore, the output end of the economizer is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the drying bin through a heat return pipeline, the other path is connected to the air preheater through a conveying pipeline, part of waste heat flue gas discharged by the economizer is conveyed to the drying bin through the heat return pipeline, the other part of waste heat flue gas enters the air preheater to heat cold air, and the heated cold air is conveyed to a high-temperature plasma combustion bin of a combustion chamber.
Furthermore, the economizer is also connected with a water replenishing tank, and the water replenishing tank is also connected with a chlorine remover in the screw type generator set.
The application also provides a treatment method for purifying the stale refuse by adopting the plasma technology, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the feeding process comprises the following steps: directly grabbing unsorted stale garbage by a grab bucket of the truss car, and sending the stale garbage into a hopper at a feed inlet of a material channel;
feeding: the material pushing mechanism pushes the stale refuse into a combustion chamber through a material channel and then enters a drying bin;
drying the garbage: the temperature range of the drying bin is 100-300 ℃, and the stale refuse is firstly dried under the actions of heat transfer of a drying layer from the wall surface of a hearth and heat generated by a high-temperature plasma combustion bin; then enters a plasma pyrolysis bin under the action of gravity;
plasma pyrolysis: the temperature range of the plasma pyrolysis bin is 500-700 ℃, the dried garbage starts pyrolysis reaction, and dechlorination reaction is carried out under the conditions of high temperature, oxygen exclusion/oxygen deficiency, so that dioxin is prevented from being generated; organic substances in the garbage are decomposed into combustible gas a such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, gaseous hydrocarbons and the like, combustible substances such as liquid tar, solid coke and the like and non-combustible solid inorganic substances including inorganic ash soil, inert substances and the like contained in the garbage under the condition of the temperature of more than 250 ℃ due to the instability of molecular chains of the organic substances;
high-temperature combustion: the residues formed by tar, coke and the like and inorganic ash soil and inert substances contained in the garbage are sent into a high-temperature plasma combustion bin, the temperature of the bin is 700-900 ℃, and nonvolatile combustible substances in the stale garbage are promoted to be completely combusted under the conditions of high temperature and sufficient air (primary air) supply, so that high-temperature fuel gas is generated;
plasma enhanced combustion: guiding the mixed gas of combustible gas a generated by pyrolysis and high-temperature fuel gas into a dual-mode plasma ignition system from an output pipeline by a rear induced draft fan, igniting by adopting a high-temperature plasma ignition technology, immediately igniting the mixed gas, and keeping the working temperature of a vortex combustion dust removal chamber at 850-1200 ℃ for a long time, thereby ensuring that dioxin molecules in flue gas are thoroughly decomposed at high temperature;
gas power generation: the vortex combustion dust removal chamber is coupled with the waste heat steam boiler, and high-temperature gas generated by the vortex combustion dust removal chamber is utilized to apply work to water in the boiler to drive the screw type generator set to generate electricity;
tail gas purification and emission: after combustion is completed, waste heat flue gas is led out from the vortex combustion dust removal chamber through a pipeline, part of high-temperature flue gas supplies heat to the drying bin through a heat return pipeline, the rest of high-temperature flue gas is processed by a flue gas quenching device and then is sequentially guided to a bag-type dust remover and a spray tower for flue gas purification treatment, and finally, the qualified flue gas after purification treatment is exhausted to the atmosphere through a chimney under the suction of a draught fan.
Further, the high-temperature combustion layer is divided into an oxidation zone and a reduction zone along the height direction: tar and coke in oxidation zoneThe carbon and the oxygen are subjected to violent oxidation reaction, and the heat generated by combustion is used for providing heat required by a reduction zone, a plasma pyrolysis bin and a drying bin; CO in the reduction zone 2 And H 2 O is reduced by hot C to produce CO and H 2 The combustible gas b rises along with the flue gas and enters a dual-mode plasma ignition system; the incombustible is converted into vitreous crystal, and the vitreous crystal falls into an ash bucket through tipping of a fire grate, is purified by an ash bin and a screening machine and then is collected, so that the vitreous crystal can be used for manufacturing building materials.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention can obtain the following technical effects: compared with the existing garbage purification method, the method has no influence on the surrounding environment, does not increase the use cost and has no dioxin pollution. Compared with the construction of a household garbage landfill and an incineration plant, the invention needs no auxiliary fuel in the operation process of the equipment except for the first ignition by means of external energy, thereby saving a large amount of land; meanwhile, the garbage does not need to be classified, so that the investment cost, the treatment cost and the transportation cost are greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a treatment system for purifying stale refuse by using plasma technology;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a treatment method for purifying stale refuse by using plasma technology.
The sequence numbers in the figures illustrate: 1-hydraulic grab bucket, 2-material pushing mechanism, 3-material channel, 4-first combustion chamber, 41-drying chamber, 42-plasma pyrolysis chamber, 43-high temperature plasma combustion chamber, 44-ash chamber, 5-second combustion chamber, 51-dual-mode plasma ignition system, 52-eddy current combustion dust removal chamber, 6-waste heat steam boiler, 7-coal economizer, 71-water supplement tank, 8-screw generator set, 9-air preheating system, 91-air preheater, 92-air supply fan, 10-flue gas quenching device, 11-bag dust collector, 12-spray tower and 13-chimney.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples: the present application is further described by taking this as an example.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a stale refuse treatment system for purifying dioxin, fly ash and residues by using a plasma technology, which comprises a truss car grab bucket, a material pushing mechanism, a material channel, a first combustion chamber, a second combustion chamber, a waste heat steam boiler, an economizer, a screw type generator set, an air preheating system, a flue gas quenching device, a bag-type dust remover, a spray tower and a chimney. One of the combustion chambers comprises a drying chamber, a plasma pyrolysis chamber, a high-temperature plasma combustion chamber and an ash chamber; the secondary combustion chamber comprises a dual-mode plasma ignition system and a vortex combustion dust removal chamber; the air preheating system comprises a blower and an air preheater. The material pushing mechanism can be a hydraulic material pushing machine.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, a stale waste treatment method for purifying dioxin, fly ash and residues by using a plasma technology is provided, firstly, stale waste which is not classified is grabbed by a truss grab bucket and is sent to a hopper at a feed inlet of a material channel, and stale waste entering the hopper enters a drying bin of a combustion chamber through the material channel under the strong pushing action of a hydraulic pusher. The stale refuse is dehydrated and dried under the action of high temperature (100-300 ℃) of a drying bin, and the dehydrated stale refuse enters a plasma pyrolysis bin under the action of gravity; because the oxygen supply mode of the high-temperature plasma combustion bin is controlled, the plasma pyrolysis bin is always in an anaerobic or anoxic state, the dried garbage starts pyrolysis reaction under the action of high temperature (500-700 ℃), and the stale garbage can generate dechlorination reaction under the conditions of high temperature, anaerobic/anoxic during pyrolysis, so that the generation of toxic substance dioxin can be avoided. Meanwhile, organic substances in the garbage are decomposed into combustible gas a such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen and gaseous hydrocarbons, combustible substances such as liquid tar and solid coke and non-combustible solid inorganic substances at the temperature of more than 250 ℃ due to the instability of molecular chains of the organic substances. Combustible gas a generated in the plasma pyrolysis bin is conveyed to the secondary combustion chamber through an output pipeline; combustible substances such as liquid tar and solid coke generated after pyrolysis continuously fall towards the high-temperature plasma combustion bin under the action of gravity; the temperature in the high-temperature plasma combustion bin is between 700 and 900 ℃, which promotes the stale garbage to be inThe non-volatile combustible substance is completely combusted under the condition of high temperature and sufficient hot air supply to generate high-temperature fuel gas. The high-temperature plasma combustion bin can be divided into an oxidation area and a reduction area along the height direction: the violent oxidation reaction of coke, tar and oxygen is generated in the oxidation zone, the combustion temperature can reach 700-900 ℃, and the heat generated by combustion is used for providing the heat required by the reduction zone, the pyrolysis gasification layer and the drying layer; CO in the reduction zone 2 And H 2 And the O is reduced by the hot C to generate combustible gas b such as CO, H2 and the like, and the combustible gas b enters the second combustion chamber through an output pipeline along with the rising of the flue gas and the combustible gas a generated by the plasma pyrolysis bin. The non-combustible material of the stale refuse is converted into glassy crystal, and the glassy crystal falls into a furnace ash bin after being tipped by a fire grate and can be used for manufacturing building materials after being screened and collected by a screening machine; high-temperature fuel gas generated by the high-temperature plasma combustion bin and combustible gas a generated by the plasma pyrolysis bin enter the secondary combustion chamber through an output pipeline, are ignited by the dual-mode plasma ignition system and then enter the vortex combustion dust removal chamber, and the temperature in the vortex combustion dust removal chamber is between 850 and 1200 ℃, so that dioxin molecules in flue gas are guaranteed to be thoroughly decomposed at high temperature; saturated steam generated by the waste heat steam boiler is used for supplying power heat energy to the screw type generator set, so that the normal operation of the screw type generator set is ensured; the economizer is used for improving the efficiency of the waste heat steam boiler, and a water replenishing tank is used for replenishing water when the economizer works; the high-temperature waste gas discharged by the waste heat steam boiler can heat cold air in the air preheater, and the cold air heated by the air preheater can be conveyed to the high-temperature plasma combustion bin through a pipeline; the high-temperature flue gas leaving the air preheater is treated by a flue gas quenching device, and heat exchange can be carried out between the high-temperature flue gas and the flue gas quenching device; the outlet of the flue gas quenching device is connected with the inlet of a bag-type dust remover, and the cooled flue gas is subjected to fly ash removal treatment in the bag-type dust remover; the temperature of the flue gas with higher temperature is lowered by the spray tower to reach the temperature suitable for emission, and the flue gas is finally emitted into the atmosphere through a chimney.
Because the garbage reduction and purification technology is adopted to replace the traditional landfill mode, the land can be saved, and the soil and water pollution can be reduced; the plasma anaerobic pyrolysis technology is adopted, and dechlorination reaction is carried out under the anaerobic/anoxic condition, so that the generation of dioxin is avoided fundamentally; the high-temperature plasma ignition technology is adopted, so that the ignition temperature is higher than 5000 ℃, the combustion temperature exceeds 850 ℃, a 400 ℃ temperature range generated by dioxin is avoided, and the possibility of generating the dioxin is reduced.
The above description is only for the purpose of creating a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A treatment method for purifying stale refuse by adopting a plasma technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a feeding process: directly grabbing unsorted stale garbage by a grab bucket of the truss car, and sending the stale garbage into a hopper at a feed inlet of a material channel;
feeding: the material pushing mechanism pushes the stale refuse into a combustion chamber through a material channel and then enters a drying bin;
drying the garbage: the temperature range of the drying bin is 100-300 ℃, and the stale refuse is firstly dried under the action of heat transfer from the wall surface of the hearth of the drying layer and heat generated by the high-temperature plasma combustion bin; then enters a plasma pyrolysis bin under the action of gravity;
plasma pyrolysis: the temperature range of the plasma pyrolysis bin is 500-700 ℃, the dried garbage starts pyrolysis reaction, and dechlorination reaction is carried out under the conditions of high temperature, oxygen insulation/oxygen deficiency, so that the generation of dioxin is avoided; organic substances in the garbage are decomposed into carbon monoxide, hydrogen, gaseous hydrocarbon combustible gas a, liquid tar, solid coke combustible substances and non-combustible solid inorganic substances at the temperature of more than 250 ℃ due to the instability of molecular chains of the organic substances, wherein the non-combustible solid inorganic substances comprise inorganic ash soil and inert substances contained in the garbage;
high-temperature combustion: the residues formed by tar and coke, inorganic ash soil and inert substances contained in the garbage are sent into a high-temperature plasma combustion chamber, the temperature of the chamber is 700-900 ℃, and nonvolatile combustible substances in the stale garbage are promoted to be completely combusted under the conditions of high temperature and sufficient air supply to generate high-temperature fuel gas;
plasma enhanced combustion: guiding the mixed gas of combustible gas a generated by pyrolysis and high-temperature gas into a dual-mode plasma ignition system from an output pipeline by a rear induced draft fan, igniting by adopting a high-temperature plasma ignition technology, immediately igniting the mixed gas, and keeping the working temperature of a vortex combustion dust removal chamber at 850-1200 ℃ for a long time so as to ensure that dioxin molecules in flue gas are thoroughly decomposed at high temperature;
gas power generation: the vortex combustion dust removal chamber is coupled with the waste heat steam boiler, and high-temperature gas generated by the vortex combustion dust removal chamber is utilized to apply work to water in the boiler to drive the screw type generator set to generate electricity;
tail gas purification and emission: after combustion is finished, waste heat flue gas is led out from the vortex combustion dust removal chamber through a pipeline, part of high-temperature flue gas supplies heat to the drying bin through a heat return pipeline, the rest of high-temperature flue gas is treated by a flue gas quenching device and then is sequentially guided to a bag-type dust remover and a spray tower for flue gas purification treatment, and finally, the qualified flue gas after purification treatment is exhausted to the atmosphere through a chimney under the suction of a draught fan;
the high-temperature combustion layer is divided into an oxidation area and a reduction area along the height direction: the tar, coke and oxygen in the oxidation zone are subjected to violent oxidation reaction, and the heat generated by combustion is used for providing the heat required by the reduction zone, the plasma pyrolysis bin and the drying bin; CO in the reduction zone 2 And H 2 O is reduced by hot C to produce CO and H 2 Forming a combustible gas b; the incombustible is changed into vitreous crystallization, the vitreous crystallization falls into the ash bucket through the tipping of the fire grate, collect after purifying with the ash bin of the stove, screening machine, used for making the building material;
the treatment method is implemented in a treatment system, the system comprises a truss car grab bucket, a material pushing mechanism, a material channel, a first combustion chamber, a second combustion chamber, a waste heat steam boiler, an economizer, a water supplementing tank, a screw type generator set, an air preheating system, a flue gas quenching device, a bag-type dust remover, a spray tower and a chimney, and the second combustion chamber comprises a vortex combustion dust removal chamber provided with a dual-mode plasma ignition system; the grab bucket of the trussed girder vehicle is positioned above a feed inlet of the material channel, the material pushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the material channel, the bottom of the material channel is connected to a combustion chamber, the output end of the combustion chamber is connected with the input end of a secondary combustion chamber, the output end of the secondary combustion chamber is connected to a waste heat steam boiler, the waste heat steam boiler is respectively connected with a screw type generator set and an economizer, the output end of the economizer is connected to an air preheating system, the output end of the air preheating system is divided into two paths, one path of the output end is connected to the combustion chamber, the other path of the output end is connected to a flue gas quenching device, and the flue gas quenching device, a bag-type dust collector, a spray tower and a chimney are sequentially connected.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the dual-mode plasma ignition system comprises a non-equilibrium plasma exciter and a thermal equilibrium plasma igniter connected to each other.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a drying bin, a plasma pyrolysis bin, a high temperature plasma combustion bin and an ash bin are sequentially arranged in the combustion chamber from top to bottom, the plasma pyrolysis bin is connected to the non-equilibrium plasma exciter through an output pipeline, and is connected to the top of the vortex combustion dust removal chamber through another output pipeline.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air preheating system comprises a blower and an air preheater connected to each other, and the output end of the air preheater is connected to the high temperature plasma combustion chamber and the flue gas quenching device respectively.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the output end of the economizer is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the drying chamber through a regenerative pipeline, and the other path is connected to the air preheater through a delivery pipeline.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the economizer is connected to a water replenishing tank, and the water replenishing tank is connected to a chlorine remover in the screw type generator set.
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