CN112037987B - Heat-resistant flame-retardant high-insulation cable - Google Patents

Heat-resistant flame-retardant high-insulation cable Download PDF

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CN112037987B
CN112037987B CN202010862847.6A CN202010862847A CN112037987B CN 112037987 B CN112037987 B CN 112037987B CN 202010862847 A CN202010862847 A CN 202010862847A CN 112037987 B CN112037987 B CN 112037987B
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layer
flame
retardant
resistant
insulating
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CN112037987A (en
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姚国建
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Jiangxi Yueguang Cable Co ltd
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Jiangxi Yueguang Cable Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/04—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances mica
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/08—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances quartz; glass; glass wool; slag wool; vitreous enamels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat-resistant flame-retardant high-insulation cable which comprises a conductor, a first high-temperature-resistant layer, a copper mesh shielding layer, a first insulating layer, a first flame-retardant layer, a filling layer, a second high-temperature-resistant layer, a second insulating layer, a second flame-retardant layer, an outer sheath and a wear-resistant layer. The insulating layer is a mixed material consisting of mica sheets and silica particles according to a certain proportion and high-insulativity high polymer resin. Wherein the polymer resin comprises polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene resin, chlorinated rubber and vulcanized rubber. Mica sheets, silica particles and polyvinyl chloride form an organic/inorganic interface layer, and electrons are transmitted from the organic material to the inorganic filler, so that the interface resistance is high, and the composite material has high electric insulation performance. The flame-retardant layer is made of carbon fiber cloth doped with silicon nitride ceramic powder, so that the flame-retardant temperature is high, and harmful smoke cannot be generated.

Description

Heat-resistant flame-retardant high-insulation cable
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cables, relates to a cable, and particularly relates to a heat-resistant flame-retardant high-insulation cable.
Background
The flame retardant layer of conventional cables typically employs a single flame retardant material. The flame retardant is a halogen flame retardant, generates a large amount of smoke and toxic gas during combustion, and the amount of the smoke and the toxic gas is increased along with the increase of the combustion temperature, so that the flame retardant can only be used for low-temperature flame retardance. Halogen-free flame retardants used in recent years have had little smoke and low toxicity, but contained a large amount of hydrated substances. When the temperature is higher, the hydration substance in the cable can generate dehydration reaction, and further the physical and mechanical properties of the cable are reduced, so the flame retardant temperature cannot be high. In conclusion, because a single flame retardant material is used, the cable either generates a large amount of toxic gas or reduces the performance of the cable due to dehydration reaction, thereby affecting the flame retardant temperature and flame retardant time of the cable.
The insulation layer of the traditional cable is generally made of modified cross-linked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and phenolic resin. These materials do not have very good insulating properties and are relatively expensive.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a heat-resistant flame-retardant high-insulation cable.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a heat-resistant flame-retardant high-insulation cable comprises a conductor, and is characterized in that: the conductor is coated with a first high-temperature-resistant layer, a copper mesh shielding layer, a first insulating layer and a first flame-retardant layer from inside to outside in sequence; the conductor, the first high-temperature-resistant layer, the copper mesh shielding layer, the first insulating layer and the first flame-retardant layer form an insulating wire core, the insulating wire cores are twisted into a cable core, and a filling layer is arranged in gaps in the cable core; the cable core is coated with a second high-temperature resistant layer, a second insulating layer, a second flame-retardant layer, an outer sheath and a wear-resistant layer from inside to outside in sequence. The first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are made of a mixed material composed of mica sheets, silicon dioxide particles and polyvinyl chloride according to a certain proportion; an organic/inorganic interface layer is formed between the mica sheet and the silicon dioxide particles and the high polymer resin.
Preferably, the first high temperature resistant layer and the second high temperature resistant layer are polypropylene resin doped with silicon nitride ceramic particles. The organic/inorganic interface layer is formed by doping the polypropylene resin with silicon nitride ceramic particles. The interfacial layer has a blocking effect and a discontinuity effect. If electrons are to be transported from the organic material to the inorganic filler, a large interfacial resistance exists, resulting in a composite material having high electrical insulation properties. The silicon nitride ceramic particles are dispersed in the polypropylene resin and can capture electrons, so that the conduction of the electrons is hindered, and the electrical insulation performance of the polypropylene resin is obviously improved. The materials used in the prior art are crosslinked polyethylenes which do not have these properties.
Preferably, the first flame-retardant layer and the second flame-retardant layer are carbon fiber cloth doped with silicon nitride ceramic powder. The carbon fiber cloth has high tensile strength, and can obviously improve the mechanical property of the cable. The carbon fiber cloth has high fire resistance and can resist high temperature of about 1000 ℃, thereby effectively protecting the internal structure of the cable. The carbon fiber cloth has excellent flexibility and can wrap a complex-shaped member. Silicon nitride ceramic particles are doped in the carbon fiber cloth, so that an interface layer can be formed, and the insulating property is effectively improved.
Preferably, the filling layer is a carbon fiber cloth. The cable core comprises many insulation core transposition, must can produce the gap at the stranding in-process, if with the closely knit of general material packing, when the crowded sheath of cable, the cable oversheath must be embedded in the middle of the cable core, leads to the rise of cable cost. The density of the carbon fiber cloth is small, and the dead weight of the cable can be reduced. The carbon fiber cloth has high strength, can obviously improve the mechanical property of the cable, and can prevent the outer sheath from being embedded in the middle of the cable core.
Preferably, the outer sheath is polyvinyl chloride doped with silicon nitride ceramic powder. The doping of silicon nitride ceramic particles in polyvinyl chloride results in the formation of an organic/inorganic interface layer. The interfacial layer has a blocking effect and a discontinuity effect. If electrons are to be transported from the organic material to the inorganic filler, a large interfacial resistance exists, resulting in a composite material having high electrical insulation properties. The silicon nitride ceramic particles are dispersed in the polyvinyl chloride and can capture electrons, so that the conduction of the electrons is hindered, and the electrical insulation performance of the polyvinyl chloride is obviously improved.
Preferably, the wear-resistant layer is epoxy resin. The epoxy resin has the characteristics of compactness, water resistance, good leakage resistance, high strength and the like, and has good manufacturability of strong adhesive force, normal-temperature operation, simple and convenient construction and the like, and the price is moderate.
Preferably, the polymer resin is composed of polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene resin, chlorinated rubber and vulcanized rubber, and the mass fractions are 70%, 10% and 10%, respectively. These polymer resins have high insulating properties and are therefore more suitable as insulating materials. The electrical insulation performance of the outer layer of the cable can be effectively adjusted by controlling the adding amount of each component.
Preferably, the volume doping amount x of mica and silicon dioxide in the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer1And x2The calculation formulas of (A) and (B) are respectively as follows:
Figure BDA0002648738890000021
and
Figure BDA0002648738890000022
in the formula (f)1The tensile strength of the cable is made of polyvinyl chloride material doped with mica sheets; f. of2The tensile strength of the cable is made of polyvinyl chloride material doped with silicon dioxide particles; f. of3The tensile strength of the cable made of polyvinyl chloride material; l1/d1Is the ratio of the length to the thickness of the mica sheet; l2/d2Is the aspect ratio of the silica particles; alpha is an empirical coefficient.
The doping of mica flakes and silica in polyvinyl chloride results in the formation of an organic/inorganic interface layer. If electrons are to be transported from the organic material to the inorganic filler, a large interfacial resistance exists, resulting in a composite material having high electrical insulation properties. However, too high a content of mica flakes and silica can affect the mechanical properties of the cable, make the insulation layer brittle, difficult to manufacture, and increase the cost. The reasonable mixing amount can be quantitatively calculated by using the formula.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the mica and the silicon dioxide are added into the high polymer resin, and the mica and the silicon dioxide have better insulating property than polyvinyl chloride, and the electrical insulating property of the mica and the silicon dioxide can be improved by adding the mica and the silicon dioxide into the high polymer resin; secondly, mica and silica inorganic filler are added into the polymer resin, an organic/inorganic interface layer is formed between the mica and the polymer resin, and if electrons are transmitted from the organic material to the inorganic filler, a large interface resistance exists, so that the composite material has high electrical insulation performance.
2. The nano mica and the nano silicon dioxide are added into the high polymer resin, have a nano effect, have discrete energy levels, are dispersed in the high polymer resin, can be used as an electron trap to capture electrons and block the conduction of the electrons, and thus the electrical insulation performance of the high polymer resin can be improved more obviously. In addition, the equipment and the process of the scheme do not need to be changed, and the original equipment can be used for production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding and implementation of the present invention for those of ordinary skill in the art, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it is to be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and are not restrictive thereof.
Referring to fig. 1, the heat-resistant flame-retardant high-insulation cable provided by the invention comprises a conductor 1, and is characterized in that: the conductor 1 is coated with a first high temperature resistant layer 2, a copper mesh shielding layer 3, a first insulating layer 4 and a first flame retardant layer 5 from inside to outside in sequence; the conductor 1, the first high temperature resistant layer 2, the copper mesh shielding layer 3, the first insulating layer 4 and the first flame retardant layer 5 form an insulating wire core, the 3 insulating wire cores are twisted into a cable core, and a filling layer 6 is arranged in gaps in the cable core; the cable core is coated with a second high temperature resistant layer 7, a second insulating layer 8, a second flame retardant layer 9, an outer sheath 10 and a wear-resistant layer 11 from inside to outside in sequence. The first insulating layer 4 and the second insulating layer 8 are made of a mixed material of mica sheets, silicon dioxide particles and polyvinyl chloride according to a certain proportion; mica sheets, silica particles and high molecular resin form an organic/inorganic interface layer.
The conductor 1 of the present embodiment is copper or aluminum; the first high-temperature resistant layer 2 and the second high-temperature resistant layer 7 are polypropylene resin doped with silicon nitride ceramic particles; the first flame-retardant layer 5 and the second flame-retardant layer 9 are carbon fiber cloth doped with silicon nitride ceramic powder; the filling layer 6 is carbon fiber cloth; the outer sheath 10 is polyvinyl chloride doped with silicon nitride ceramic powder; the wear resistant layer 11 is epoxy resin.
The polymer resin of this example was composed of polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene resin, chlorinated rubber, and vulcanized rubber in the mass fractions of 70%, 10%, and 10%, respectively.
The first insulating layer 4 and the second insulating layer of the present embodimentVolume doping x of mica and silica in the insulating layer 81And x2The calculation formulas of (A) and (B) are respectively as follows:
Figure BDA0002648738890000041
and
Figure BDA0002648738890000042
in the formula (f)1The tensile strength of the cable is made of polyvinyl chloride material doped with mica sheets; f. of2The tensile strength of the cable is made of polyvinyl chloride material doped with silicon dioxide particles; f. of3The tensile strength of the cable made of polyvinyl chloride material; l1/d1Is the ratio of the length to the thickness of the mica sheet; l2/d2Is the aspect ratio of the silica particles; alpha is an empirical coefficient.
Although the terms conductor 1, first high temperature resistant layer 2, copper mesh shielding layer 3, first insulating layer 4, first flame retardant layer 5, filler layer 6, second high temperature resistant layer 7, second insulating layer 8, second flame retardant layer 9, outer sheath 10, wear resistant layer 11, etc. are used more in this specification, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe the nature of the invention and they are to be construed as any additional limitation which is not in accordance with the spirit of the invention.
It should be understood that parts of the specification not set forth in detail are well within the prior art.
It should be understood that the above description of the preferred embodiments is given for clarity and not for any purpose of limitation, and that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. A heat-resistant flame-retardant high-insulation cable comprises a conductor (1), and is characterized in that: the conductor (1) is coated with a first high-temperature-resistant layer (2), a copper mesh shielding layer (3), a first insulating layer (4) and a first flame-retardant layer (5) from inside to outside in sequence; the conductor (1), the first high-temperature-resistant layer (2), the copper mesh shielding layer (3), the first insulating layer (4) and the first flame-retardant layer (5) form an insulating wire core, a plurality of insulating wire cores are twisted into a cable core, and a filling layer (6) is arranged in gaps in the cable core; the cable core is coated with a second high temperature resistant layer (7), a second insulating layer (8), a second flame retardant layer (9), an outer sheath (10) and a wear-resistant layer (11) from inside to outside in sequence;
the first insulating layer (4) and the second insulating layer (8) are mixed materials composed of mica sheets and silica particles according to a certain proportion and high-insulating polymer resin; an organic/inorganic interface layer is formed among the mica sheet, the silicon dioxide particles and the high polymer resin;
the first high-temperature-resistant layer (2) and the second high-temperature-resistant layer (7) are polypropylene resin doped with silicon nitride ceramic particles;
the first flame-retardant layer (5) and the second flame-retardant layer (9) are carbon fiber cloth doped with silicon nitride ceramic powder;
the filling layer (6) is carbon fiber cloth;
the outer sheath (10) is polyvinyl chloride doped with silicon nitride ceramic powder;
the wear-resistant layer (11) is made of epoxy resin;
the high polymer resin in the first insulating layer (4) and the second insulating layer (8) is composed of polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene resin and chlorinated rubber.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104240832A (en) * 2014-09-26 2014-12-24 中利科技集团股份有限公司 Novel flame-retardant fireproof cable
CN104733116A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-06-24 无锡市浦漕电缆有限公司 Polyvinyl chloride insulation cable with inflaming retarding and heat resistant performance and manufacturing method thereof
CN105254953A (en) * 2015-10-16 2016-01-20 安徽蓝德集团股份有限公司 High-performance nitrile butadiene rubber cable jacket material and preparation method thereof
CN105906937A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-08-31 安徽华源电缆集团有限公司 Aviation cable sheath material and preparation method thereof
CN107245254A (en) * 2017-06-15 2017-10-13 上海极率科技有限公司 The preparation method and its coating of the silicon nitride ceramics coating material of heat-insulating flame-retardant
CN107785101A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-09 广西群星电缆有限公司 Alumina ore material isolated form fireproof cable and preparation method thereof

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3646351B1 (en) * 2017-06-29 2022-10-12 Prysmian S.p.A. Flame retardant electrical cable

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104240832A (en) * 2014-09-26 2014-12-24 中利科技集团股份有限公司 Novel flame-retardant fireproof cable
CN104733116A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-06-24 无锡市浦漕电缆有限公司 Polyvinyl chloride insulation cable with inflaming retarding and heat resistant performance and manufacturing method thereof
CN105254953A (en) * 2015-10-16 2016-01-20 安徽蓝德集团股份有限公司 High-performance nitrile butadiene rubber cable jacket material and preparation method thereof
CN105906937A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-08-31 安徽华源电缆集团有限公司 Aviation cable sheath material and preparation method thereof
CN107245254A (en) * 2017-06-15 2017-10-13 上海极率科技有限公司 The preparation method and its coating of the silicon nitride ceramics coating material of heat-insulating flame-retardant
CN107785101A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-09 广西群星电缆有限公司 Alumina ore material isolated form fireproof cable and preparation method thereof

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