CN111970287A - Round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method and system thereof - Google Patents
Round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method, which comprises the steps that a sender generates a first laser pulse, processes the first laser pulse and sends the first laser pulse to a receiver; the receiving party processes the first optical information and sends the obtained second optical information back to the sending party; the receiving party generates a third laser pulse, processes and sends the third laser pulse to the sending party; the sender performs photoelectric detection to obtain a photoelectric detection result; carrying out noise estimation on the non-information source to obtain a noise compensation result and transmitting the noise compensation result to a receiver; and the receiver performs noise compensation in subsequent communication according to the noise compensation result. The invention also discloses a system for realizing the round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method. The invention adopts the step of round-trip communication to realize the estimation of the noise of the non-information source, thereby leading the subsystem at the receiving end to carry out noise compensation according to the noise compensation result obtained by estimation, further stably improving the system performance, and having high reliability, good practicability, safety and stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of quantum communication, and particularly relates to a round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method and a system thereof.
Background
With the development of economic technology and the improvement of living standard of people, data security has become more and more concerned content of people. With the development of information technology, more and more confidential information is transmitted through a network, especially with the rapid rise of internet finance, electronic commerce and the like, so that people have higher requirements on information security, and with the development of computer technology, the security of passwords based on traditional cryptography is gradually reduced, especially with the development of quantum computers, so that the existing traditional cryptography technology can be disabled, and therefore, the theory and technology of quantum cryptography become a hot field of current research.
The quantum key distribution technology can enable legal communication parties to share unconditionally safe keys, and the unconditional safety of the quantum key distribution technology is based on the physical theory of the unclonable principle and the inaccurate measurement principle, but not on the mathematical theory of the traditional cryptography. The current quantum key distribution technology mainly comprises two types of discrete variable quantum key distribution and continuous variable quantum key distribution, wherein discrete variables load information in single photons, continuous variables load information in regular components of a light field, and each bit can encode more information. Compared with discrete variable, the continuous variable technology has the advantages of easy preparation of quantum state, low detection technology cost, high efficiency and the like, so that the method is more easy to be put into practical use.
The round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution method is a method proposed in recent years, and the method does not need to transmit local oscillator light, so that attack loopholes caused by local oscillator light transmission, such as replay attack and the like, can be avoided. Meanwhile, the modulation method based on Dual Phase Modulation (DPMCS) utilizes the polarization insensitivity characteristic of the phase modulator, so that the preparation of the coherent state is not influenced by the polarization drift of the optical fiber channel. However, compared with the conventional one-way gaussian modulation coherent state method, the round-trip bi-phase modulation method introduces non-information source noise, which causes performance degradation of the system, thereby affecting stable and reliable operation of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reciprocating continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method which can stably improve the system performance, has high reliability and good practicability, and is safe and stable.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a system for implementing the round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method.
The invention provides a round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, a sender generates a first laser pulse, performs first processing on the first laser pulse, and sends first optical information obtained after the first processing to a receiver;
s2, after receiving the first optical information, the receiving party performs second processing on the first optical information and sends the second optical information obtained after the second processing back to the sending party;
s3, the receiver generates a third laser pulse, performs third processing on the third laser pulse, and sends third optical information obtained after the third processing to the sender;
s4, the sender performs photoelectric detection according to the received second optical information, the received third optical information and the first optical information obtained in the step S1, so that a photoelectric detection result is obtained;
s5, according to the photoelectric detection result obtained in the step S4, performing non-information source noise estimation to obtain a noise compensation result, and sending the noise compensation result to a receiving party;
and S6, the receiver performs noise compensation in the subsequent quantum communication between the sender and the receiver according to the received noise compensation result, so that the round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation is completed.
The round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method further comprises the following steps:
and S7, after a plurality of times, the sender and the receiver repeat the steps S1-S5, so that the noise compensation result is updated.
The sending party described in step S1 generates a first laser pulse, performs a first process on the first laser pulse, and sends the processed first optical information to the receiving party, which specifically includes the following steps:
A. a sender generates a first laser pulse and divides the first laser pulse into 10% of first laser pulse signal light and 90% of first laser pulse local oscillation light through a beam splitter;
B. and D, attenuating the first laser pulse signal light obtained in the step A to a quantum level, and then sending the first laser pulse signal light to a quantum channel and sending the first laser pulse signal light to a receiver after polarization and beam splitting.
The receiving side in step S2 performs second processing on the first optical information after receiving the first optical information, and sends back the second optical information obtained after the second processing to the receiving side, which specifically includes the following steps:
a. after receiving the first optical information, the receiving party attenuates the first optical information and sends the first optical information into the dual-phase modulator;
b. a receiving party generates a first Gaussian random number by adopting a Gaussian random number generator;
c. and b, modulating the first Gaussian random number generated in the step b and the attenuated optical information received in the step a by the dual-phase modulator, attenuating and beam splitting the modulated optical information again to obtain second optical information, and sending the second optical information back to a receiving party through a quantum channel.
The receiving side described in step S3 generates a third laser pulse, performs a third process on the third laser pulse, and sends the processed third optical information to the sending side, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1) the receiver generates a third laser pulse, and the third laser pulse is divided into 10% of third laser pulse signal light and 90% of third laser pulse local oscillation light through the beam splitter;
(2) the dual-phase modulator performs dual-phase modulation on the attenuated third laser pulse signal light according to a second Gaussian random number generated by the Gaussian random number generator, attenuates the modulated third laser pulse signal light to a quantum level, and the second Gaussian random number is equal to the first Gaussian random number;
(3) and (3) coupling the third laser pulse local oscillation light obtained in the step (1) with the quantum-level modulated third laser pulse signal light obtained in the step (2), obtaining third optical information from the coupled optical information through a beam splitter, and sending the third optical information to a sender through a quantum channel.
The sending party in step S4 performs photoelectric detection according to the received second optical information and third optical information, and the first optical information obtained in step S1, so as to obtain a photoelectric detection result, which specifically includes the following steps:
1) b, after polarization beam splitting is carried out on the received second optical information by a sender, interference is carried out on the second optical information and the first laser pulse local oscillator light obtained in the step A to obtain first interference light;
2) performing photoelectric detection on the first interference light obtained in the step 1) to obtain first detection data X1And P1；
3) The sender obtains third optical information signal light and third optical information local oscillation light by polarizing and beam splitting the received third optical information, and obtains second interference light by interfering the third optical information signal light and the third optical information local oscillation light through the beam splitter;
4) performing photoelectric detection on the second interference light obtained in the step 3) to obtain second detection data X2And P2；
5) The first detection data obtained in the step 2) and the second detection data obtained in the step 4) together form a photoelectric detection result.
In step S5, according to the photodetection result obtained in step S4, performing non-information source noise estimation to obtain a noise compensation result, specifically, the following steps are performed to obtain the noise compensation result:
the first detection data X obtained in the step S41(P1) And second detection data X2(P2) Inputting the data into a trained back propagation neural network model to obtain an estimated value X of the noise of the non-information sourcenAnd Pn。
The back propagation neural network model specifically comprises 70 hidden layers, the learning rate is 0.2, and the training iteration number is 4000; the training data includes the detection result X obtained in the same manner as in step S4t1(Pt1)、Xt2(Pt2) And artificially set non-information source noise XtnAnd Ptn。
The receiving side in step S6 performs noise compensation in subsequent quantum communication between the sending side and the receiving side according to the received noise compensation result, specifically, performs noise compensation by using the following steps:
i, the bi-phase modulator at the receiving part obtains the random number X generated by the Gaussian random number generator at the receiving partBAnd PBAnd the non-Source noise estimation value X obtained in step S5nAnd PnObtaining a compensation value X 'of the modulation parameter'B＝XB-XnAnd P'B＝PB-Pn；
II, the receiving side bi-phase modulator obtains a compensation value X 'of the modulation parameter according to the step I'BAnd P'BPerforming bi-phase modulation; modulation result is XM＝X'B+XrnAnd PM＝P'B+PrnWherein X isrnAnd PrnIs practically non-viable source noise.
The invention also provides a system for realizing the round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method, which comprises a sending end subsystem, a receiving end subsystem and a noise estimation system; the sending end subsystem comprises a sending end pulse laser, a sending end first beam splitter, a sending end first adjustable attenuator, a sending end first polarization beam splitter, a sending end second polarization beam splitter, a sending end third beam splitter, a sending end fourth beam splitter and a sending end photoelectric detector; the receiving end subsystem comprises a receiving end first beam splitter, a receiving end polarization coupler, a receiving end first adjustable attenuator, a receiving end double-phase modulator, a receiving end Gaussian random number generator, a receiving end pulse laser and a receiving end polarization beam splitter; the output end of the pulse laser of the sender is connected with the first beam splitter of the sender; a first output end of the first beam splitter of the sender is connected with an input end of a first adjustable attenuator of the sender, and a second output end of the first beam splitter of the sender is connected with a first input end of a fourth beam splitter of the sender; the output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the sender is connected with the first input end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender; a first output end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with a first input end of the second beam splitter of the sender; the first output end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with the receiving end subsystem; the second input end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with the receiving end subsystem; a second output end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with a second polarization beam splitter of the sender, and a third output end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with a second input end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender; the second output end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with the second input end of the fourth beam splitter of the sender; the first output end of the second polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with the first input end of the third beam splitter of the sender; a second output end of the second polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with a second input end of a third beam splitter of the sender; the output end of the third beam splitter of the sender is connected with the second input end of the photoelectric detector of the sender; the output end of the photoelectric detector of the sender is connected with the input end of the noise estimation system; the first input end of the first beam splitter of the receiving party is connected with the subsystem of the sending end; the first output end of the first beam splitter of the receiving party is connected with the first input end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party, and the first output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party is connected with the second input end of the bi-phase modulator of the receiving party; the output end of the receiving part Gaussian random number generator is connected with the third input end of the receiving part dual-phase modulator; the output end of the receiving side pulse laser is connected with the input end of the receiving side polarization beam splitter, the first output end of the receiving side polarization beam splitter is connected with the fourth input end of the receiving side dual-phase modulator, the second output end of the receiving side dual-phase modulator is connected with the second input end of the first adjustable attenuator of the sending side, and the third output end of the receiving side dual-phase modulator is connected with the third input end of the first adjustable attenuator of the sending side; the second output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party is connected with the second input end of the first beam splitter of the receiving party; the third output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party is connected with the first input end of the polarization coupler of the receiving party; the second output end of the receiving-side polarization beam splitter is connected with the second input end of the receiving-side polarization coupler; the output end of the receiving-side polarization coupler is connected with the third input end of the receiving-side first beam splitter; the second output end of the first beam splitter of the receiving end is connected with the subsystem of the sending end; the output end of the noise estimation system is connected with the first input end of the receiving-side bi-phase modulator; the transmitting side pulse laser is used for generating a first laser pulse, the first laser pulse is divided into two beams by a first beam splitter of the transmitting side, 10% of one beam is signal light, the signal light is attenuated to the quantum level by a first adjustable attenuator of the transmitting side, and the signal light enters a quantum channel after being transmitted by a first polarization beam splitter of the transmitting side and a second beam splitter of the transmitting side and is transmitted to a receiving side subsystem; 90% of light output by the first beam splitter of the sender is local oscillation light and is sent to the fourth beam splitter of the sender; the receiving end subsystem receives the first optical information sent by the sending end subsystem, receives the first optical information through the first beam splitter of the receiving end subsystem, and sends the first optical information into the double-phase modulator of the receiving end subsystem after being attenuated by the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving end subsystem; the receiving side dual-phase modulator performs Gaussian modulation on the optical signal according to the Gaussian random number generated by the receiving side Gaussian random number generator, and transmits the modulated signal light into a quantum channel through a receiving side first adjustable attenuator and a receiving side first beam splitter after the modulated signal light is reflected, and sends the modulated signal light back to the sending side subsystem; after receiving the second optical information sent by the receiving end subsystem, the sending end subsystem transmits the second optical information through the second beam splitter of the sending end, then the second optical information enters the first polarization beam splitter of the sending end, transmits the second optical information through the first polarization beam splitter of the sending end, then the second optical information enters the fourth beam splitter of the sending end, and the fourth beam splitter of the sending end interferes with local oscillator light output by the first beam splitter of the sending end through the first beam splitter of the sending end, and then the local oscillator light is input into a; the receiving end subsystem simultaneously generates a third laser pulse through a receiving end pulse laser, and the third laser pulse is divided into two beams through a receiving end polarization beam splitter: after being attenuated, 10% of the signal light is sent to a receiving party dual-phase modulator for dual-phase modulation, is attenuated to the quantum level through a first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party and is sent to a receiving party polarization coupler; one beam of 90% is used as local oscillation light and is directly sent to the polarization coupler of the receiving party; the receiving party polarization coupler couples the two beams of received optical information, transmits the information through the first beam splitter of the receiving party, enters the quantum channel and sends the information to the sending terminal subsystem; the transmitting end subsystem is transmitted into a second polarization beam splitter of the transmitting end through the second beam splitter of the transmitting end; the second polarization beam splitter of the sending party divides the received optical signal into signal light and local oscillation light, and then the signal light and the local oscillation light are interfered by the third beam splitter of the sending party and sent to the photoelectric detector of the sending party; the photoelectric detector of the sender performs homodyne detection according to the received data and uploads a homodyne detection result to a noise estimation system; the noise estimation system adopts a machine learning method to carry out noise estimation, obtains a noise compensation result and sends the noise compensation result to the receiving terminal subsystem; and the receiving end subsystem carries out noise compensation according to the received noise compensation result.
The noise estimation system and the transmitting terminal subsystem are both arranged in the transmitting terminal.
The round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method and the round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation system adopt the round-trip communication step to realize the estimation of the noise of the non-information source, so that a receiving end subsystem can carry out noise compensation according to the noise compensation result obtained by estimation; therefore, the invention can estimate and compensate the noise of the non-information source, thereby stably improving the system performance, and has high reliability, good practicability, safety and stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention: the invention provides a round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, a sender generates a first laser pulse, performs first processing on the first laser pulse, and sends first optical information obtained after the first processing to a receiver; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. a sender generates a first laser pulse and divides the first laser pulse into 10% of first laser pulse signal light and 90% of first laser pulse local oscillation light through a beam splitter;
B. the first laser pulse signal obtained in the step A is attenuated to a quantum level through light attenuation, and then is sent to a quantum channel and sent to a receiving party after polarization and beam splitting;
s2, after receiving the first optical information, the receiving party performs second processing on the first optical information and sends the second optical information obtained after the second processing back to the sending party; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. after receiving the first optical information, the receiving party attenuates the first optical information and sends the first optical information into the dual-phase modulator;
b. a receiving party generates a first Gaussian random number by adopting a Gaussian random number generator;
c. b, the bi-phase modulator modulates the first Gaussian random number generated in the step b and the attenuated optical information received in the step a, and the modulated optical information is attenuated and split again to obtain second optical information which is sent back to a receiving party through a quantum channel;
s3, the receiver generates a third laser pulse, performs third processing on the third laser pulse, and sends third optical information obtained after the third processing to the sender; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the receiver generates a third laser pulse, and the third laser pulse is divided into 10% of third laser pulse signal light and 90% of third laser pulse local oscillation light through the beam splitter;
(2) the dual-phase modulator performs dual-phase modulation on the attenuated third laser pulse signal light according to a second Gaussian random number generated by the Gaussian random number generator, attenuates the modulated third laser pulse signal light to a quantum level, and the second Gaussian random number is equal to the first Gaussian random number;
(3) the receiving party couples the third laser pulse local oscillation light obtained in the step (1) with the quantum-level modulated third laser pulse signal light obtained in the step (2), obtains third optical information through a beam splitter from the coupled optical information, and sends the third optical information to the sending party through a quantum channel;
s4, the sender performs photoelectric detection according to the received second optical information, the received third optical information and the first optical information obtained in the step S1, so that a photoelectric detection result is obtained; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) b, after polarization beam splitting is carried out on the received second optical information by a sender, interference is carried out on the second optical information and the first laser pulse local oscillator light obtained in the step A to obtain first interference light;
2) performing photoelectric detection on the first interference light obtained in the step 1) to obtain first detection data X1And P1；
3) The sender obtains third optical information signal light and third optical information local oscillation light by polarizing and beam splitting the received third optical information, and obtains second interference light by interfering the third optical information signal light and the third optical information local oscillation light through the beam splitter;
4) performing photoelectric detection on the second interference light obtained in the step 3) to obtain second detection data X2And P2；
5) The first detection data obtained in the step 2) and the second detection data obtained in the step 4) together form a photoelectric detection result;
s5, according to the photoelectric detection result obtained in the step S4, performing non-information source noise estimation to obtain a noise compensation result, and sending the noise compensation result to a receiving party; specifically, the following steps are adopted to obtain a noise compensation result:
the first detection data X obtained in the step S41(P1) And second detection data X2(P2) Inputting the data into a trained back propagation neural network model to obtain an estimated value X of the noise of the non-information sourcenAnd Pn；
In specific implementation, the back propagation neural network model specifically comprises 70 hidden layers, the learning rate is 0.2, and the training iteration number is 4000; the training data includes the detection result X obtained in the same manner as in step S4t1(Pt1)、Xt2(Pt2) And artificially set non-information source noise XtnAnd Ptn；
S6, the receiver performs noise compensation in subsequent quantum communication between the sender and the receiver according to the received noise compensation result, so that round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation is completed; specifically, the following steps are adopted for noise compensation:
i, the bi-phase modulator at the receiving part obtains the random number X generated by the Gaussian random number generator at the receiving partBAnd PBAnd the non-Source noise estimation value X obtained in step S5nAnd PnObtaining a compensation value X 'of the modulation parameter'B＝XB-XnAnd P'B＝PB-Pn；
II, the receiving side bi-phase modulator obtains a compensation value X 'of the modulation parameter according to the step I'BAnd P'BPerforming bi-phase modulation; modulation result is XM＝X'B+XrnAnd PM＝P'B+PrnWherein X isrnAnd PrnActual non-information source noise;
and S7, after a plurality of times, the sender and the receiver repeat the steps S1-S5, so that the noise compensation result is updated.
FIG. 2 shows a functional block diagram of the system of the present invention: the system for realizing the round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method comprises a sending end subsystem, a receiving end subsystem and a noise estimation system; the sending end subsystem comprises a sending end pulse laser, a sending end first beam splitter, a sending end first adjustable attenuator, a sending end first polarization beam splitter, a sending end second polarization beam splitter, a sending end third beam splitter, a sending end fourth beam splitter and a sending end photoelectric detector; the receiving end subsystem comprises a receiving end first beam splitter, a receiving end polarization coupler, a receiving end first adjustable attenuator, a receiving end double-phase modulator, a receiving end Gaussian random number generator, a receiving end pulse laser and a receiving end polarization beam splitter; the output end of the pulse laser of the sender is connected with the first beam splitter of the sender; a first output end of the first beam splitter of the sender is connected with an input end of a first adjustable attenuator of the sender, and a second output end of the first beam splitter of the sender is connected with a first input end of a fourth beam splitter of the sender; the output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the sender is connected with the first input end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender; a first output end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with a first input end of the second beam splitter of the sender; the first output end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with the receiving end subsystem; the second input end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with the receiving end subsystem; a second output end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with a second polarization beam splitter of the sender, and a third output end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with a second input end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender; the second output end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with the second input end of the fourth beam splitter of the sender; the first output end of the second polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with the first input end of the third beam splitter of the sender; a second output end of the second polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with a second input end of a third beam splitter of the sender; the output end of the third beam splitter of the sender is connected with the second input end of the photoelectric detector of the sender; the output end of the photoelectric detector of the sender is connected with the input end of the noise estimation system; the first input end of the first beam splitter of the receiving party is connected with the subsystem of the sending end; the first output end of the first beam splitter of the receiving party is connected with the first input end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party, and the first output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party is connected with the second input end of the bi-phase modulator of the receiving party; the output end of the receiving part Gaussian random number generator is connected with the third input end of the receiving part dual-phase modulator; the output end of the receiving side pulse laser is connected with the input end of the receiving side polarization beam splitter, the first output end of the receiving side polarization beam splitter is connected with the fourth input end of the receiving side dual-phase modulator, the second output end of the receiving side dual-phase modulator is connected with the second input end of the first adjustable attenuator of the sending side, and the third output end of the receiving side dual-phase modulator is connected with the third input end of the first adjustable attenuator of the sending side; the second output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party is connected with the second input end of the first beam splitter of the receiving party; the third output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party is connected with the first input end of the polarization coupler of the receiving party; the second output end of the receiving-side polarization beam splitter is connected with the second input end of the receiving-side polarization coupler; the output end of the receiving-side polarization coupler is connected with the third input end of the receiving-side first beam splitter; the second output end of the first beam splitter of the receiving end is connected with the subsystem of the sending end; the output end of the noise estimation system is connected with the first input end of the receiving-side bi-phase modulator; the transmitting side pulse laser is used for generating a first laser pulse, the first laser pulse is divided into two beams by a first beam splitter of the transmitting side, 10% of one beam is signal light, the signal light is attenuated to the quantum level by a first adjustable attenuator of the transmitting side, and the signal light enters a quantum channel after being transmitted by a first polarization beam splitter of the transmitting side and a second beam splitter of the transmitting side and is transmitted to a receiving side subsystem; 90% of light output by the first beam splitter of the sender is local oscillation light and is sent to the fourth beam splitter of the sender; the receiving end subsystem receives the first optical information sent by the sending end subsystem, receives the first optical information through the first beam splitter of the receiving end subsystem, and sends the first optical information into the double-phase modulator of the receiving end subsystem after being attenuated by the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving end subsystem; the receiving side dual-phase modulator performs Gaussian modulation on the optical signal according to the Gaussian random number generated by the receiving side Gaussian random number generator, and transmits the modulated signal light into a quantum channel through a receiving side first adjustable attenuator and a receiving side first beam splitter after the modulated signal light is reflected, and sends the modulated signal light back to the sending side subsystem; after receiving the second optical information sent by the receiving end subsystem, the sending end subsystem transmits the second optical information through the second beam splitter of the sending end, then the second optical information enters the first polarization beam splitter of the sending end, transmits the second optical information through the first polarization beam splitter of the sending end, then the second optical information enters the fourth beam splitter of the sending end, and the fourth beam splitter of the sending end interferes with local oscillator light output by the first beam splitter of the sending end through the first beam splitter of the sending end, and then the local oscillator light is input into a; the receiving end subsystem simultaneously generates a third laser pulse through a receiving end pulse laser, and the third laser pulse is divided into two beams through a receiving end polarization beam splitter: after being attenuated, 10% of the signal light is sent to a receiving party dual-phase modulator for dual-phase modulation, is attenuated to the quantum level through a first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party and is sent to a receiving party polarization coupler; one beam of 90% is used as local oscillation light and is directly sent to the polarization coupler of the receiving party; the receiving party polarization coupler couples the two beams of received optical information, transmits the information through the first beam splitter of the receiving party, enters the quantum channel and sends the information to the sending terminal subsystem; the transmitting end subsystem is transmitted into a second polarization beam splitter of the transmitting end through the second beam splitter of the transmitting end; the second polarization beam splitter of the sending party divides the received optical signal into signal light and local oscillation light, and then the signal light and the local oscillation light are interfered by the third beam splitter of the sending party and sent to the photoelectric detector of the sending party; the photoelectric detector of the sender performs homodyne detection according to the received data and uploads a homodyne detection result to a noise estimation system; the noise estimation system adopts a machine learning method to carry out noise estimation, obtains a noise compensation result and sends the noise compensation result to the receiving terminal subsystem; and the receiving end subsystem carries out noise compensation according to the received noise compensation result.
In specific implementation, the noise estimation system and the transmitting end subsystem may both be arranged inside the transmitting end.
Claims (10)
1. A round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method comprises the following steps:
s1, a sender generates a first laser pulse, performs first processing on the first laser pulse, and sends first optical information obtained after the first processing to a receiver;
s2, after receiving the first optical information, the receiving party performs second processing on the first optical information and sends the second optical information obtained after the second processing back to the sending party;
s3, the receiver generates a third laser pulse, performs third processing on the third laser pulse, and sends third optical information obtained after the third processing to the sender;
s4, the sender performs photoelectric detection according to the received second optical information, the received third optical information and the first optical information obtained in the step S1, so that a photoelectric detection result is obtained;
s5, according to the photoelectric detection result obtained in the step S4, performing non-information source noise estimation to obtain a noise compensation result, and sending the noise compensation result to a receiving party;
and S6, the receiver performs noise compensation in the subsequent quantum communication between the sender and the receiver according to the received noise compensation result, so that the round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation is completed.
2. The round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method according to claim 1, wherein the round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method further comprises the steps of:
and S7, after a plurality of times, the sender and the receiver repeat the steps S1-S5, so that the noise compensation result is updated.
3. The round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sender generates the first laser pulse, performs the first processing on the first laser pulse, and sends the processed first optical information to the receiver, specifically comprising the following steps:
A. a sender generates a first laser pulse and divides the first laser pulse into 10% of first laser pulse signal light and 90% of first laser pulse local oscillation light through a beam splitter;
B. and D, attenuating the first laser pulse signal light obtained in the step A to a quantum level, and then sending the first laser pulse signal light to a quantum channel and sending the first laser pulse signal light to a receiver after polarization and beam splitting.
4. The round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method of claim 3, wherein the receiving side performs the second processing on the first optical information after receiving the first optical information in step S2, and sends the second optical information obtained after the second processing back to the receiving side, and specifically comprises the following steps:
a. after receiving the first optical information, the receiving party attenuates the first optical information and sends the first optical information into the dual-phase modulator;
b. a receiving party generates a first Gaussian random number by adopting a Gaussian random number generator;
c. and b, modulating the first Gaussian random number generated in the step b and the attenuated optical information received in the step a by the dual-phase modulator, attenuating and beam splitting the modulated optical information again to obtain second optical information, and sending the second optical information back to a receiving party through a quantum channel.
5. The round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method of claim 4, wherein the receiving side generates a third laser pulse, performs a third process on the third laser pulse, and sends third optical information obtained after the third process to the sending side in step S3, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the receiver generates a third laser pulse, and the third laser pulse is divided into 10% of third laser pulse signal light and 90% of third laser pulse local oscillation light through the beam splitter;
(2) the dual-phase modulator performs dual-phase modulation on the attenuated third laser pulse signal light according to a second Gaussian random number generated by the Gaussian random number generator, attenuates the modulated third laser pulse signal light to a quantum level, and the second Gaussian random number is equal to the first Gaussian random number;
(3) and (3) coupling the third laser pulse local oscillation light obtained in the step (1) with the quantum-level modulated third laser pulse signal light obtained in the step (2), obtaining third optical information from the coupled optical information through a beam splitter, and sending the third optical information to a sender through a quantum channel.
6. The round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method of claim 5, wherein the sender in step S4 performs photodetection according to the received second optical information and third optical information, and the first optical information obtained in step S1, thereby obtaining a photodetection result, specifically comprising the steps of:
1) b, after polarization beam splitting is carried out on the received second optical information by a sender, interference is carried out on the second optical information and the first laser pulse local oscillator light obtained in the step A to obtain first interference light;
2) performing photoelectric detection on the first interference light obtained in the step 1) to obtain first detection data X1And P1；
3) The sender obtains third optical information signal light and third optical information local oscillation light by polarizing and beam splitting the received third optical information, and obtains second interference light by interfering the third optical information signal light and the third optical information local oscillation light through the beam splitter;
4) performing photoelectric detection on the second interference light obtained in the step 3) to obtain second detection data X2And P2；
5) The first detection data obtained in the step 2) and the second detection data obtained in the step 4) together form a photoelectric detection result.
7. The round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method of claim 6, wherein the step S5 is performed to perform non-source noise estimation according to the photodetection result obtained in the step S4 to obtain the noise compensation result, specifically the following steps are performed to obtain the noise compensation result:
the first detection data X obtained in the step S41、P1And second detection data X2、P2Inputting the data into a trained back propagation neural network model to obtain an estimated value X of the noise of the non-information sourcenAnd Pn。
8. Round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise as defined in claim 7The acoustic compensation method is characterized in that the back propagation neural network model specifically comprises 70 hidden layers, the learning rate is 0.2, and the training iteration number is 4000; the training data includes the detection result X obtained in the same manner as in step S4t1、Pt1、Xt2、Pt2And artificially set non-information source noise XtnAnd Ptn。
9. The round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method of claim 8, wherein the receiving side of step S6 performs noise compensation in the subsequent quantum communication between the sending side and the receiving side according to the received noise compensation result, specifically performing noise compensation by using the following steps:
i, the bi-phase modulator at the receiving part obtains the random number X generated by the Gaussian random number generator at the receiving partBAnd PBAnd the non-Source noise estimation value X obtained in step S5nAnd PnObtaining a compensation value X 'of the modulation parameter'B＝XB-XnAnd P'B＝PB-Pn；
II, the receiving side bi-phase modulator obtains a compensation value X 'of the modulation parameter according to the step I'BAnd P'BPerforming bi-phase modulation; modulation result is XM＝X'B+XrnAnd PM＝PB'+PrnWherein X isrnAnd PrnIs practically non-viable source noise.
10. A system for implementing the round-trip continuous variable quantum key distribution noise compensation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a transmitting terminal subsystem, a receiving terminal subsystem and a noise estimation system; the sending end subsystem comprises a sending end pulse laser, a sending end first beam splitter, a sending end first adjustable attenuator, a sending end first polarization beam splitter, a sending end second polarization beam splitter, a sending end third beam splitter, a sending end fourth beam splitter and a sending end photoelectric detector; the receiving end subsystem comprises a receiving end first beam splitter, a receiving end polarization coupler, a receiving end first adjustable attenuator, a receiving end double-phase modulator, a receiving end Gaussian random number generator, a receiving end pulse laser and a receiving end polarization beam splitter; the output end of the pulse laser of the sender is connected with the first beam splitter of the sender; a first output end of the first beam splitter of the sender is connected with an input end of a first adjustable attenuator of the sender, and a second output end of the first beam splitter of the sender is connected with a first input end of a fourth beam splitter of the sender; the output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the sender is connected with the first input end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender; a first output end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with a first input end of the second beam splitter of the sender; the first output end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with the receiving end subsystem; the second input end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with the receiving end subsystem; a second output end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with a second polarization beam splitter of the sender, and a third output end of the second beam splitter of the sender is connected with a second input end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender; the second output end of the first polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with the second input end of the fourth beam splitter of the sender; the first output end of the second polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with the first input end of the third beam splitter of the sender; a second output end of the second polarization beam splitter of the sender is connected with a second input end of a third beam splitter of the sender; the output end of the third beam splitter of the sender is connected with the second input end of the photoelectric detector of the sender; the output end of the photoelectric detector of the sender is connected with the input end of the noise estimation system; the first input end of the first beam splitter of the receiving party is connected with the subsystem of the sending end; the first output end of the first beam splitter of the receiving party is connected with the first input end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party, and the first output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party is connected with the second input end of the bi-phase modulator of the receiving party; the output end of the receiving part Gaussian random number generator is connected with the third input end of the receiving part dual-phase modulator; the output end of the receiving side pulse laser is connected with the input end of the receiving side polarization beam splitter, the first output end of the receiving side polarization beam splitter is connected with the fourth input end of the receiving side dual-phase modulator, the second output end of the receiving side dual-phase modulator is connected with the second input end of the first adjustable attenuator of the sending side, and the third output end of the receiving side dual-phase modulator is connected with the third input end of the first adjustable attenuator of the sending side; the second output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party is connected with the second input end of the first beam splitter of the receiving party; the third output end of the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party is connected with the first input end of the polarization coupler of the receiving party; the second output end of the receiving-side polarization beam splitter is connected with the second input end of the receiving-side polarization coupler; the output end of the receiving-side polarization coupler is connected with the third input end of the receiving-side first beam splitter; the second output end of the first beam splitter of the receiving end is connected with the subsystem of the sending end; the output end of the noise estimation system is connected with the first input end of the receiving-side bi-phase modulator; the transmitting side pulse laser is used for generating a first laser pulse, the first laser pulse is divided into two beams by a first beam splitter of the transmitting side, 10% of one beam is signal light, the signal light is attenuated to the quantum level by a first adjustable attenuator of the transmitting side, and the signal light enters a quantum channel after being transmitted by a first polarization beam splitter of the transmitting side and a second beam splitter of the transmitting side and is transmitted to a receiving side subsystem; 90% of light output by the first beam splitter of the sender is local oscillation light and is sent to the fourth beam splitter of the sender; the receiving end subsystem receives the first optical information sent by the sending end subsystem, receives the first optical information through the first beam splitter of the receiving end subsystem, and sends the first optical information into the double-phase modulator of the receiving end subsystem after being attenuated by the first adjustable attenuator of the receiving end subsystem; the receiving side dual-phase modulator performs Gaussian modulation on the optical signal according to the Gaussian random number generated by the receiving side Gaussian random number generator, and transmits the modulated signal light into a quantum channel through a receiving side first adjustable attenuator and a receiving side first beam splitter after the modulated signal light is reflected, and sends the modulated signal light back to the sending side subsystem; after receiving the second optical information sent by the receiving end subsystem, the sending end subsystem transmits the second optical information through the second beam splitter of the sending end, then the second optical information enters the first polarization beam splitter of the sending end, transmits the second optical information through the first polarization beam splitter of the sending end, then the second optical information enters the fourth beam splitter of the sending end, and the fourth beam splitter of the sending end interferes with local oscillator light output by the first beam splitter of the sending end through the first beam splitter of the sending end, and then the local oscillator light is input into a; the receiving end subsystem simultaneously generates a third laser pulse through a receiving end pulse laser, and the third laser pulse is divided into two beams through a receiving end polarization beam splitter: after being attenuated, 10% of the signal light is sent to a receiving party dual-phase modulator for dual-phase modulation, is attenuated to the quantum level through a first adjustable attenuator of the receiving party and is sent to a receiving party polarization coupler; one beam of 90% is used as local oscillation light and is directly sent to the polarization coupler of the receiving party; the receiving party polarization coupler couples the two beams of received optical information, transmits the information through the first beam splitter of the receiving party, enters the quantum channel and sends the information to the sending terminal subsystem; the transmitting end subsystem is transmitted into a second polarization beam splitter of the transmitting end through the second beam splitter of the transmitting end; the second polarization beam splitter of the sending party divides the received optical signal into signal light and local oscillation light, and then the signal light and the local oscillation light are interfered by the third beam splitter of the sending party and sent to the photoelectric detector of the sending party; the photoelectric detector of the sender performs homodyne detection according to the received data and uploads a homodyne detection result to a noise estimation system; the noise estimation system adopts a machine learning method to carry out noise estimation, obtains a noise compensation result and sends the noise compensation result to the receiving terminal subsystem; and the receiving end subsystem carries out noise compensation according to the received noise compensation result.
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