CN111951126B - Multi-stage power supply recovery method for active power distribution network with flexible multi-state switch - Google Patents

Multi-stage power supply recovery method for active power distribution network with flexible multi-state switch Download PDF

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CN111951126B
CN111951126B CN202010821384.9A CN202010821384A CN111951126B CN 111951126 B CN111951126 B CN 111951126B CN 202010821384 A CN202010821384 A CN 202010821384A CN 111951126 B CN111951126 B CN 111951126B
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冀浩然
简洁
王成山
季节
宋关羽
赵金利
李鹏
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Abstract

A multi-stage power supply recovery method for an active power distribution network with a flexible multi-state switch comprises the following steps: inputting active power distribution network information according to the selected active power distribution network; according to the information of the active power distribution network, establishing a multi-stage power supply recovery model of the active power distribution network with a flexible multi-state switch, wherein the multi-stage power supply recovery model comprises the following steps: setting the minimum sum of unrecovered load power of the active power distribution network, the switching action times and network operation loss as a target function, and respectively considering activation state constraint, radial topology constraint, activation sequence constraint, action-time mapping constraint, flexible multi-state switch flexible power supply recovery strategy, active power distribution network operation constraint, load and distributed power supply recovery constraint; and solving the model by adopting a second-order cone programming method, and outputting a solving result. The method effectively reduces the calculation burden, obtains the multi-stage power supply recovery strategy of the active power distribution network considering the matching of the flexible multi-state switch control mode and the traditional switch action sequence, and improves the operability of the power supply recovery strategy.

Description

Multi-stage power supply recovery method for active power distribution network with flexible multi-state switch
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power supply recovery method for an active power distribution network, in particular to a multi-stage power supply recovery method for the active power distribution network with a flexible multi-state switch.
Background
The power supply recovery is of great importance to improving the self-healing control capability of the active power distribution network, loads can be quickly transferred through coordination and coordination of various controllable resources in the active power distribution network, continuous power supply of important loads is guaranteed, and the power supply reliability of the system is improved. After a fault occurs, the traditional power supply recovery method generally changes the network topology state by adopting the action coordination of a tie switch, a section switch and a load switch, and provides power support by utilizing the output of a distributed power supply. However, the conventional switch does not have a voltage supporting capability, so that the voltage of a node at the tail end of a feeder line is out of limit after network reconstruction may occur, and the conventional switch is limited by the action times and the action discreteness, so that rapid power supply recovery cannot be realized.
The flexible multi-state switch is a novel flexible power distribution device for replacing a traditional interconnection switch, and the application of the flexible multi-state switch can greatly improve the flexibility and controllability of the operation of a power distribution system. Research on the operation characteristics and the power supply recovery capability of the flexible multi-state switch in a system fault state has been carried out at home and abroad, and after the system fails, the flexible multi-state switch can rapidly respond to the state change of the system, cut off the connection with a fault side and avoid the expansion of a fault range. Compared with an interconnection switch, the power control of the flexible multi-state switch is safer and more reliable, the continuous adjustment of power can be realized, and meanwhile, the short-time power failure and potential safety hazards caused by the traditional switch operation are avoided. After fault isolation, the flexible multi-state switch can provide effective voltage support, and the load recovery level is improved.
The conventional power supply recovery method based on the flexible multi-state switch cannot give the action sequence of the flexible multi-state switch matched with the traditional switch, the safe operation of a system in the multi-stage power supply recovery process is difficult to ensure, and the action sequence directly influences the total load recovery amount. Therefore, a multi-stage power supply recovery method considering the coordination of the flexible multi-state switch and the traditional switch action sequence is urgently needed, the operability of a power supply recovery strategy is improved, and the load recovery level maximization is realized under the condition of safe operation of a system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a multi-stage power supply recovery method of an active power distribution network with a flexible multi-state switch, which can realize the maximization of load recovery level under the condition of safe operation of a system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a multi-stage power supply recovery method for an active power distribution network with a flexible multi-state switch comprises the following steps:
1) inputting network topology and parameter information, load access positions and power change curves, distributed power supply access positions and output curves, flexible multi-state switch access positions and capacities, section switch and interconnection switch access positions, and set fault positions and fault periods of the active power distribution network according to the selected active power distribution network;
2) establishing an active power distribution network multi-stage power supply recovery model containing a flexible multi-state switch according to the active power distribution network information provided in the step 1), wherein the method comprises the following steps: setting the minimum sum of unrecovered load power of the active power distribution network, the switching action times and network operation loss as a target function, and respectively considering activation state constraint, radial topology constraint, activation sequence constraint, action-time mapping constraint, flexible multi-state switch flexible power supply recovery strategy, active power distribution network operation constraint, load and distributed power supply recovery constraint;
3) and 2) solving the multi-stage power supply recovery model of the active power distribution network containing the flexible multi-state switch obtained in the step 2) by adopting a second-order cone programming method, and outputting a solving result, wherein the solving result comprises the total load recovery amount of the active power distribution network, the recovery load state of each node, the time sequence output power and control mode controlled by the flexible multi-state switch, and the time sequence action states of the section switch and the interconnection switch.
The invention discloses a multi-stage power supply recovery method for an active power distribution network with a flexible multi-state switch, which aims to solve the multi-stage power supply recovery problem of the cooperation of a flexible multi-state switch control mode and the traditional switch action, fully considers the influence of the flexible multi-state switch control mode on the power supply recovery action sequence, and establishes a multi-stage power supply recovery model for the active power distribution network with the flexible multi-state switch. By establishing an action-time mapping relation, the calculation burden is effectively reduced, an active power distribution network multi-stage power supply recovery strategy considering the matching of a flexible multi-state switch control mode and a traditional switch action sequence is obtained, the operability of the power supply recovery strategy is improved, the maximization of a load recovery level and the quick power supply to important loads are realized, and the safe operation of a system during the power supply recovery period is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a multi-stage power restoration method for an active power distribution network comprising a flexible multi-state switch according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an improved IEEE33 node algorithm;
FIG. 3 is a photovoltaic, fan and load operating curve;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the power restoration of scheme 1;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the power restoration of scheme 2;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a scheme 3 power restoration;
FIG. 7a is a scheme 1 load recovery schedule;
FIG. 7b is a scenario 2 load recovery schedule;
FIG. 8a is a plot of the voltage distribution box for scenarios 1, 2 and 3;
FIG. 8b is a graph of the voltage extremity distribution at nodes of schemes 1, 2 and 3;
FIG. 9a is a diagram of the active power transmission result of the scheme 2 flexible multi-state switch;
fig. 9b is a graph of the reactive power output result of the scheme 2 flexible multi-state switch.
Detailed Description
The following provides a detailed description of the multi-stage power restoration method for the active power distribution network including the flexible multi-state switch according to the present invention with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-stage power supply restoration method for the active power distribution network including the flexible multi-state switch of the invention includes the following steps:
1) inputting network topology and parameter information, load access positions and power change curves, distributed power supply access positions and output curves, flexible multi-state switch access positions and capacities, section switch and interconnection switch access positions, and set fault positions and fault periods of the active power distribution network according to the selected active power distribution network;
for the present embodiment, first, the impedance value of the line element in the IEEE33 node system, the active power and the reactive power of the load element, the network topology connection relationship, and the access positions of the sectionalizing switch and the tie switch are input, the example structure is shown in fig. 2, and the detailed parameters are shown in table 1 and table 2; a photovoltaic system with the rated capacity of 400kWp is connected to the node 31; a fan with the rated capacity of 600kVA is connected into the power-saving unit 33; the operation curves of the photovoltaic system, the fan and the load are shown in figure 3; setting two groups of flexible multi-state switches to be accessed into a test sample to replace interconnection switches T3 and T4, wherein the capacity is 800kVA, and the loss coefficient is 0.01; setting important loads to be equipped with remote control load switches, wherein the action time of a manual switch is 30 minutes, and the operation time of a remote control switch is 0.5 minute; the safe operation voltage range of the system is 0.95p.u. -1.05 p.u.; the load importance ratings are shown in table 3; in the power supply recovery stage, each switch is allowed to act for 3 times at most; setting the three-phase faults of the branch circuits 5-6 at 7:00-13:00, and after fault isolation, completely losing power of loads from the node 6 to the node 33, wherein the total active power of the power-losing loads is 1995.0 kW; the reference voltage of the system was set to 12.66kV and the reference power was set to 1 MVA.
TABLE 1 improved IEEE33 node sample load access location and power
Figure BDA0002634505380000031
TABLE 2 improved IEEE33 node calculation line parameters
Figure BDA0002634505380000032
Figure BDA0002634505380000041
TABLE 3 load importance rating
Categories Weight coefficient Load access node numbering
I 100 8，24，32
II 1 1-7，9-23，25-31，33
2) Establishing an active power distribution network multi-stage power supply recovery model containing a flexible multi-state switch according to the active power distribution network information provided in the step 1), wherein the method comprises the following steps: setting the minimum sum of unrecovered load power of the active power distribution network, the switching action times and network operation loss as a target function, and respectively considering activation state constraint, radial topology constraint, activation sequence constraint, action-time mapping constraint, flexible multi-state switch flexible power supply recovery strategy, active power distribution network operation constraint, load and distributed power supply recovery constraint; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
(1) the minimum sum of the unrecovered load power, the switching action times and the network running loss of the active power distribution network is an objective function and is expressed as
Figure BDA0002634505380000042
Wherein f represents an objective function; f. ofRIndicating unrecovered load power; f. ofswIndicating the number of switching operations; f. ofopeRepresenting network operating losses; omega1、ω2And ω3Representing each target weight parameter; n is a radical ofTRepresents the total number of time segments; l isi，tA binary variable representing the load recovery state on the node i at the time t, if the load on the node i at the time t is recovered, L i，t1, otherwise Li，t＝0；λiRepresenting the importance level of the load on the node i; omeganRepresenting a set of all nodes of the active power distribution network;
Figure BDA0002634505380000043
is the active load on node i at time t; n is a radical ofsRepresenting the number of power supply recovery steps;
Figure BDA0002634505380000044
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000045
respectively representing a tie switch set and a section switch set related to a power loss area;
Figure BDA0002634505380000046
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000047
an auxiliary variable representing the change of the running state of the contact switch on the branch ij in the stage s;
Figure BDA0002634505380000048
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000049
an auxiliary variable representing the change of the operation state of the section switch on the branch ij in the stage s;
Figure BDA0002634505380000051
a binary variable representing the running state of the load switch at the node i at the time t, if the load switch at the node i at the time t is turned on, the binary variable is used for indicating the running state of the load switch at the node i at the time t
Figure BDA0002634505380000052
Otherwise
Figure BDA0002634505380000053
Node set for indicating power-off areaCombining; omegabRepresenting all branch sets of the active power distribution network;
Figure BDA0002634505380000054
representing a set of nodes connected to an mth flexible multi-state switch; rjiRepresenting the resistance value of branch ji,/ji，tA square form representing the current amplitude of the branch ji during the period t;
Figure BDA0002634505380000055
representing the power loss of the flexible multi-state switch at node i during the period t.
For the present embodiment, the target weight parameter ω is set1、ω2And ω3100, 0.7 and 0.3 respectively.
(2) The activation state constraint is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002634505380000056
Figure BDA0002634505380000057
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002634505380000058
representing a power-loss area node set;
Figure BDA0002634505380000059
representing a switch branch set in the active power distribution network;
Figure BDA00026345053800000510
representing a set of nodes connected to an mth flexible multi-state switch; ek，sShowing the activation state of the partition k in the stage s, if the partition k in the stage s is activated to be charged, E k，s1, otherwise Ek，s＝0；Ai，kA binary variable representing the dependency relationship between the node i and the partition k, if the node i belongs to the partition k, A i，k1, otherwise Ai，k＝0；βji，sRepresenting the activation direction variable of the switching branch ij in the phase s;
Figure BDA00026345053800000511
representing whether the flexible multi-state switch at the node i in the stage s adopts a binary variable controlled by voltage-frequency, if so, then
Figure BDA00026345053800000512
Otherwise
Figure BDA00026345053800000513
NRRepresenting the number of partitions in a power-off area; omeganRepresenting a set of all nodes of the active power distribution network; xi，sAnd Xj，sBinary variables respectively representing the activated states of the node i and the node j in the stage s, if the node i and the node j in the stage s are activated and electrified, Xi，sAnd Xj，sIs 1, otherwise Xi，sAnd Xj，sIs 0;
Figure BDA00026345053800000514
representing a set of lines including a switch;
Figure BDA00026345053800000515
representing a circuit set in a power-off area; a. theij，kA binary variable representing the dependency relationship between the branch ij and the partition k, if the branch ij belongs to the partition k, A ij，k1, otherwise Aij，k＝0；Xij，sA binary variable representing the activation state of the branch ij in the stage s, if the branch ij in the stage s is activated to be charged, X ij，s1, otherwise Xij，s＝0；αij，sA binary variable representing the running state of the switching branch ij in the phase s, wherein if the switching branch ij in the phase s is activated to be charged, the alpha isij，s1, otherwise αij，s＝0；ΩbRepresenting the set of all branches of the active power distribution network;
Figure BDA00026345053800000516
and
Figure BDA00026345053800000517
respectively representing the binary variable of the running state of the contact switch on the branch ij in the stage s and the binary variable of the running state of the section switch, if the contact switch on the branch ij in the stage s is closed, the binary variable is used for indicating the running state of the section switch
Figure BDA00026345053800000518
Otherwise
Figure BDA00026345053800000519
If the section switch on the branch ij in the stage s is turned on
Figure BDA00026345053800000520
Otherwise
Figure BDA00026345053800000521
Figure BDA00026345053800000522
And
Figure BDA00026345053800000523
respectively representing a tie switch set and a segmented switch set associated with a power loss zone.
The activated state is used to indicate the operating state of the power loss region in each power restoration step. Because each feeder line is provided with a certain number of section switches, the feeder lines are partitioned by taking the section switches as partition bases, and each partition consists of one section switch, a corresponding non-switch line and a node. The activation state of each subarea is determined by a flexible multi-state switch control mode connected into the subarea and the operation state of a traditional switch, the activation state of a non-switch line and a node is the same as the activation state of the subarea, and the activation state of a switch line is determined by the operation state of the switch.
(3) The radial topological constraint is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002634505380000061
Figure BDA0002634505380000062
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002634505380000063
representing a set of lines including a switch;
Figure BDA0002634505380000064
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000065
respectively representing a tie switch set and a section switch set related to a power loss area; beta is aij，sAnd betaji，sIndicating that the switch branch ij in the stage s activates the direction variable, if the activation direction is from i to j, then βij，s＝1，βji，sIf the activation direction is from j to i, then β is 0ji，s＝1，βij，s＝0；αij，sA binary variable representing the running state of the switching branch ij in the stage s;
Figure BDA0002634505380000066
the interconnection switch set is used for connecting a normal operation area and a power loss area;
Figure BDA0002634505380000067
a binary variable representing whether the flexible multi-state switch at node i in phase s employs voltage-frequency control.
(4) The activation order constraint is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002634505380000068
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002634505380000069
and
Figure BDA00026345053800000610
auxiliary variables representing the activation sequence of the switching legs ij in phase s, if the switching legs ij are activated from i to j
Figure BDA00026345053800000611
Is a positive number, and the number of the positive number,
Figure BDA00026345053800000612
is 0, if switching branch ij is activated from j to i
Figure BDA00026345053800000613
Is a positive number, and the number of the positive number,
Figure BDA00026345053800000614
is 0;
Figure BDA00026345053800000615
and
Figure BDA00026345053800000616
auxiliary variables representing the activation sequence of the flexible multi-state switches in the stage s, if the flexible multi-state switches at the node i adopt voltage-frequency control, then
Figure BDA00026345053800000617
Is a positive number, and the number of the positive number,
Figure BDA00026345053800000618
is 0, if the flexible multi-state switch at the node g adopts voltage-frequency control, then
Figure BDA00026345053800000619
Is a positive number, and the number of the positive number,
Figure BDA00026345053800000620
is 0; beta is aij，sRepresenting the activation direction variable of the switching branch ij in the stage s;
Figure BDA00026345053800000621
indicating whether the flexible multi-state switch at the node i in the stage s adopts voltage-frequency controlMaking a binary variable; m represents a constant of 1000;
Figure BDA00026345053800000622
representing a set of lines including a switch;
Figure BDA00026345053800000623
representing a set of nodes connected to an mth flexible multi-state switch; omegan，kA set of nodes for partition k;
Figure BDA00026345053800000624
a flexible multi-state switch set representing a contact between a normal operation area and a power loss area; omegaavaThe flexible multi-state switch assembly is connected with the interconnection switch and the flexible multi-state switch assembly in a normal operation area and a power loss area; n is a radical ofRRepresenting the number of partitions in the power loss area; ek，sRepresenting the activation state of partition k in phase s.
(5) The action-time mapping constraint is expressed as
Figure BDA0002634505380000071
In the formula, NsIndicating the number of power supply recovery stages; kt，sRepresenting whether the running state of the power distribution network at the moment t is related to the switching state in the stage s and the flexible multi-state switch control mode, if so, K t，s1, otherwise K t，s0; m represents a constant of 1000; t issAnd Ts-1Respectively representing the starting time of the stage s and the stage s-1;
Figure BDA0002634505380000072
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000073
respectively representing a tie switch set and a section switch set related to a power loss area;
Figure BDA0002634505380000074
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000075
respectively representing the running states of the contact switches on the branches ij in the stage s and the stage s-1;
Figure BDA0002634505380000076
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000077
respectively representing the running states of the section switches on the branch ij in the stage s and the stage s-1;
Figure BDA0002634505380000078
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000079
an auxiliary variable representing the operating state change of the tie switch of the lower branch ij of the phase s;
Figure BDA00026345053800000710
and
Figure BDA00026345053800000711
an auxiliary variable representing the operating state change condition of the section switch of the lower branch ij of the stage s;
Figure BDA00026345053800000712
and
Figure BDA00026345053800000713
the actuation times of the tie switches and the section switches in branch ij are indicated separately.
And mapping the activation state variables indexed by the phases to the power flow variables indexed by the time through action-time mapping constraints, and ensuring that the time period uniquely corresponds to the phases, and the running state of the active power distribution network at each moment is only related to the network topology and the control mode of the flexible multi-state switch in one phase.
(6) The flexible power supply recovery strategy of the flexible multi-state switch is expressed as follows:
Figure BDA00026345053800000714
Figure BDA0002634505380000081
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002634505380000082
representing a set of nodes connected to an mth flexible multi-state switch;
Figure BDA0002634505380000083
a flexible multi-state switch set representing a contact between a normal operation area and a power loss area; wm，tA binary variable representing the activation state of the mth flexible multi-state switch at the moment t, and if the mth flexible multi-state switch at the moment t is in the activation operation state, Wm，t1, otherwise Wm，t＝0；Xi，sAnd Xj，sBinary variables respectively representing the activation states of the node i and the node j in the stage s; kt，sA binary variable representing whether the running state of the active power distribution network at the moment t is related to the switching state and the flexible multi-state switch control mode in the stage s; m represents a constant of 1000;
Figure BDA0002634505380000084
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000085
the active power injected by the flexible multi-state switch at the node i and the node j at the time t is represented;
Figure BDA0002634505380000086
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000087
respectively representing the power loss of the flexible multi-state switch at the node i and the node j at the time t;
Figure BDA0002634505380000088
the reactive injection quantity at the access node i of the flexible multi-state switch at the moment t is represented;
Figure BDA0002634505380000089
represents the capacity of the mth flexible multi-state switch;
Figure BDA00026345053800000810
representing an inverter loss factor for the mth flexible multi-state switch;
Figure BDA00026345053800000811
and
Figure BDA00026345053800000812
respectively representing whether the flexible multi-state switches at the node i and the node j in the stage s adopt binary variables controlled by voltage-frequency; v. ofi，tRepresents the squared form of the voltage magnitude of node i at time t; u shape0Represents a reference voltage of 1.0p.u.
(7) The active power distribution network operation constraint is expressed as:
Figure BDA00026345053800000813
in the formula, Pji，t、Pig，tAnd Pij，tRespectively representing the active power transmitted by the branch ji, the branch ig and the branch ij at the moment t; pi，tRepresenting the active power injection of the node i at the moment t; qji，t、Qig，tAnd Qij，tRespectively representing reactive power transmitted by the branch ji, the branch ig and the branch ij at the moment t; qi，tRepresents the reactive power injection at node i at time t; rjiAnd XjiRespectively representing the resistance and reactance values of the branch ji;
Figure BDA00026345053800000814
and
Figure BDA00026345053800000815
respectively representing active power of distributed power supply injection, flexible multi-state switch injection and load consumption at a node i at the time t;
Figure BDA00026345053800000816
and
Figure BDA00026345053800000817
respectively representing reactive power of distributed power supply injection, flexible multi-state switch injection and load consumption at a node i at the time t; lji，tAnd lij，tRespectively representing the square forms of the current amplitudes of the branch ji and the branch ij at the moment t; v. ofi，tAnd vj，tRespectively representing the square forms of the voltage amplitudes of the node i and the node j at the moment t;
Figure BDA00026345053800000818
represents the upper current amplitude limit of branch ij;
Figure BDA00026345053800000819
andUrespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the safe operation of the voltage; xij，sA binary variable representing the activation state of branch ij in phase s; xi，sA binary variable representing the activation state of node i in phase s; m represents a constant of 1000; omegabRepresenting all branch sets of the active power distribution network; kt，sAnd a binary variable representing whether the operation state of the active power distribution network at the moment t is related to the switch state in the stage s and the flexible multi-state switch control mode.
(8) The load and distributed power supply recovery constraint is expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0002634505380000091
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002634505380000092
a set of nodes representing a power loss region; l isi，t-1And Li，tRepresenting the binary of the load recovery state on node i at time t-1 and time t, respectivelyMaking variables;
Figure BDA0002634505380000093
a binary variable representing the running state of the load switch at the node i at the time t; xi，sA binary variable representing the activation state of the node i in step s; kt，sA binary variable representing whether the running state of the active power distribution network at the moment t is related to the switching state and the flexible multi-state switch control mode in the step s;
Figure BDA0002634505380000094
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000095
respectively representing the active power consumed by the load at the node i at the time t and the active power injected by the distributed power supply;
Figure BDA0002634505380000096
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000097
respectively representing reactive power consumed by a load at a node i at the time t and reactive power injected by the distributed power supply;
Figure BDA0002634505380000098
and
Figure BDA0002634505380000099
respectively representing an active power reference value of load consumption at a node i at the time t and an active power reference value of distributed power supply injection;
Figure BDA00026345053800000910
representing a load reactive power reference value at a node i at the time t;
Figure BDA00026345053800000911
and Ωn，DGRespectively representing a power loss area and a whole active power distribution network distributed power supply access node set;
Figure BDA00026345053800000912
representing the power factor of the distributed power supply at node i. And describing the load and distributed power supply recovery conditions through load and distributed power supply recovery constraints.
3) And 2) solving the multi-stage power supply recovery model of the active power distribution network containing the flexible multi-state switch obtained in the step 2) by adopting a second-order cone programming method, and outputting a solving result, wherein the solving result comprises the total load recovery amount of the active power distribution network, the recovery load state of each node, the time sequence output power and control mode controlled by the flexible multi-state switch, and the time sequence action states of the section switch and the interconnection switch.
In order to fully verify the advancement of the method of the present invention, in this embodiment, the following three schemes are adopted for comparative analysis:
scheme 1: the traditional switch is adopted to recover the power supply of the multi-stage active power distribution network;
scheme 2: the flexible multi-state soft switch and the traditional switch are coordinated and matched to recover the multi-stage power supply of the active power distribution network;
scheme 3: and the flexible multi-state soft switch and the traditional switch are coordinated and matched to recover the static power supply of the active power distribution network.
The switching action and the flexible multi-state switch control mode of the schemes 1 and 2 are shown in a table 4, the optimization result comparison of the schemes 1 and 2 is shown in a table 5, the optimization result comparison of the schemes 2 and 3 is shown in a table 6, and the power supply recovery structures of the schemes 1, 2 and 3 are shown in fig. 4-6, wherein the numbers with the square-frame nodes indicate that the flexible multi-state switch provides voltage support; the load recovery sequence for scenarios 1 and 2 is shown in fig. 7a, 7 b; the voltage distribution of the schemes 1-3 is shown in the figure 8a and the figure 9 b; scheme 2 power restoration strategies for flexible multi-state switches are shown in fig. 9a and 9 b.
Table 4 schemes 1 and 2 switching actions and flexible multi-state switching control modes
Figure BDA0002634505380000101
Table 5 schemes 1 and 2 power restoration results
Figure BDA0002634505380000102
Table 6 schemes 2 and 3 power restoration results
Figure BDA0002634505380000103
The computer hardware environment for executing the optimization calculation is Intel (R) Xeon (R) CPU E5-1620, the main frequency is 3.70GHz, and the memory is 32 GB; the software environment is a Windows 10 operating system.
As can be seen from the comparison between the schemes 1 and 2, compared with the traditional switch, the flexible multi-state switch has stronger power supply recovery capability, and the total power loss load of the scheme 2 is reduced by 39.01% compared with the scheme 1. The flexible multi-state switch can rapidly respond to the state change of the system, and the safe operation of the system in the whole power supply recovery stage is ensured through rapid and flexible power flow regulation and voltage support. But because its transmission power is limited by the converter capacity, it needs to cooperate with the traditional switch in multiple steps to further improve the load recovery level. Comparing schemes 2 and 3, it can be seen that, since scheme 2 proposed by the method considers the multi-stage coordination of the flexible multi-state switch and the traditional switch action time, the load recovery level is significantly improved, and the total power loss load is only 39.69% of scheme 3.
Therefore, the power supply recovery is carried out through the multi-stage cooperation of the flexible multi-state switch and the traditional switch, the load recovery level of the active power distribution network is obviously improved, the power supply reliability of the power distribution system is comprehensively improved, and the safe operation of the system in the power supply recovery stage is ensured. In addition, the invention provides a power supply recovery scheme with higher operability by giving the switching action sequence in power supply recovery.

Claims (6)

1. A multi-stage power supply recovery method for an active power distribution network with a flexible multi-state switch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) inputting network topology and parameter information, load access positions and power change curves, distributed power supply access positions and output curves, flexible multi-state switch access positions and capacities, section switch and interconnection switch access positions, and set fault positions and fault periods of the active power distribution network according to the selected active power distribution network;
2) establishing an active power distribution network multi-stage power supply recovery model containing a flexible multi-state switch according to the active power distribution network information provided in the step 1), wherein the method comprises the following steps: setting the minimum sum of unrecovered load power of the active power distribution network, the switching action times and network operation loss as a target function, and respectively considering activation state constraint, radial topology constraint, activation sequence constraint, action-time mapping constraint, flexible multi-state switch flexible power supply recovery strategy, active power distribution network operation constraint, load and distributed power supply recovery constraint; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the action-time mapping constraint is expressed as:
Figure FDA0003504370200000011
in the formula, NsIndicating the number of power supply recovery stages; kt,sRepresenting whether the running state of the power distribution network at the moment t is related to the switching state in the stage s and the flexible multi-state switch control mode, if so, Kt,s1, otherwise Kt,s0; m represents a constant of 1000; t iss、Ts-1And Ts+1Respectively representing the starting time of the stage s, the stage s-1 and the stage s + 1;
Figure FDA0003504370200000012
and
Figure FDA0003504370200000013
respectively representing a tie switch set and a section switch set related to a power loss area;
Figure FDA0003504370200000014
and
Figure FDA0003504370200000015
respectively representing the running states of the contact switches on the branches ij in the stage s and the stage s-1;
Figure FDA0003504370200000016
and
Figure FDA0003504370200000017
respectively representing the running states of the section switches on the branch ij in the stage s and the stage s-1;
Figure FDA0003504370200000018
and
Figure FDA0003504370200000019
an auxiliary variable representing the operating state change of the tie switch of the lower branch ij of the phase s;
Figure FDA00035043702000000110
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000111
an auxiliary variable representing the operating state change condition of the section switch of the lower branch ij of the stage s;
Figure FDA00035043702000000112
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000113
respectively representing the action time of the tie switch and the action time of the section switch in the branch ij;
the flexible power supply recovery strategy of the flexible multi-state switch is expressed as follows:
Figure FDA00035043702000000114
Figure FDA0003504370200000021
Figure FDA0003504370200000022
Figure FDA0003504370200000023
Figure FDA0003504370200000024
Figure FDA0003504370200000025
Figure FDA0003504370200000026
Figure FDA0003504370200000027
Figure FDA0003504370200000028
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0003504370200000029
representing a set of nodes connected to an mth flexible multi-state switch;
Figure FDA00035043702000000210
a flexible multi-state switch set representing a contact between a normal operation area and a power loss area; wm,tIndicating the mth flexible multi-state switch at time tTurning off binary variables in an activated state, and if the mth flexible multi-state switch is in an activated operation state at the moment t, then Wm,t1, otherwise Wm,t＝0；Xi,sAnd Xj,sBinary variables respectively representing the activation states of the node i and the node j in the stage s; kt,sA binary variable representing whether the running state of the active power distribution network at the moment t is related to the switching state and the flexible multi-state switch control mode in the stage s; m represents a constant of 1000;
Figure FDA00035043702000000211
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000212
the active power injected by the flexible multi-state switch at the node i and the node j at the time t is represented;
Figure FDA00035043702000000213
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000214
respectively representing the power loss of the flexible multi-state switch at the node i and the node j at the time t;
Figure FDA00035043702000000215
the reactive injection quantity at the access node i of the flexible multi-state switch at the moment t is represented;
Figure FDA00035043702000000216
represents the capacity of the mth flexible multi-state switch;
Figure FDA00035043702000000217
representing an inverter loss factor for the mth flexible multi-state switch;
Figure FDA00035043702000000218
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000219
respectively representing whether the flexible multi-state switches at the node i and the node j in the stage s adopt binary variables controlled by voltage-frequency; v. ofi,tRepresents the squared form of the voltage magnitude of node i at time t; u shape0Represents a reference voltage of 1.0 p.u.;
3) and 2) solving the multi-stage power supply recovery model of the active power distribution network containing the flexible multi-state switch obtained in the step 2) by adopting a second-order cone programming method, and outputting a solving result, wherein the solving result comprises the total load recovery amount of the active power distribution network, the recovery load state of each node, the time sequence output power and control mode controlled by the flexible multi-state switch, and the time sequence action states of the section switch and the interconnection switch.
2. The multi-stage power supply restoration method for the active power distribution network comprising the flexible multi-state switch according to claim 1, wherein the minimum sum of the unrecovered load power, the switching action times and the network operation loss of the active power distribution network in the step 2) is an objective function and is expressed as an objective function
Figure FDA00035043702000000220
Figure FDA0003504370200000031
Wherein f represents an objective function; f. ofRIndicating unrecovered load power; f. ofswIndicating the number of switching operations; f. ofopeRepresenting network operating losses; omega1、ω2And ω3Representing each target weight parameter; n is a radical ofTRepresents the total number of time segments; l isi,tA binary variable representing the load recovery state on the node i at the time t, if the load on the node i at the time t is recovered, Li,t1, otherwise Li,t＝0；λiRepresenting the importance level of the load on the node i; omeganRepresenting a set of all nodes of the active power distribution network;
Figure FDA0003504370200000032
is the active load on node i at time t; n is a radical ofsRepresenting the number of power supply recovery steps;
Figure FDA0003504370200000033
and
Figure FDA0003504370200000034
respectively representing a tie switch set and a section switch set related to a power loss area;
Figure FDA0003504370200000035
and
Figure FDA0003504370200000036
an auxiliary variable representing the change of the running state of the contact switch on the branch ij in the stage s;
Figure FDA0003504370200000037
and
Figure FDA0003504370200000038
an auxiliary variable representing the change of the operation state of the section switch on the branch ij in the stage s;
Figure FDA0003504370200000039
a binary variable representing the running state of the load switch at the node i at the time t, if the load switch at the node i at the time t is turned on, the binary variable is used for indicating the running state of the load switch at the node i at the time t
Figure FDA00035043702000000310
Otherwise
Figure FDA00035043702000000311
Figure FDA00035043702000000312
Representing a power-loss area node set; omegabRepresenting the set of all branches of an active distribution network；
Figure FDA00035043702000000313
Representing a set of nodes connected to an mth flexible multi-state switch; rjiRepresenting the resistance value of branch ji,/ji,tA square form representing the current amplitude of the branch ji during the period t;
Figure FDA00035043702000000314
representing the power loss of the flexible multi-state switch at node i during the period t.
3. The multi-stage power supply restoration method for the active power distribution network comprising the flexible multi-state switch according to claim 1, wherein the activation state constraint in the step 2) is expressed as:
Figure FDA00035043702000000315
Figure FDA00035043702000000316
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA00035043702000000317
representing a power-loss area node set;
Figure FDA00035043702000000318
representing a switch branch set in the active power distribution network;
Figure FDA00035043702000000319
representing a set of nodes connected to an mth flexible multi-state switch; ek,sShowing the activation state of the partition k in the stage s, if the partition k in the stage s is activated to be charged, Ek,s1, otherwise Ek,s＝0；Ai,kA binary variable representing the dependency of node i on partition k, if nodei belongs to partition k, then Ai,k1, otherwise Ai,k＝0；βji,sRepresenting the activation direction variable of the switching branch ij in the phase s;
Figure FDA00035043702000000320
representing whether the flexible multi-state switch at the node i in the stage s adopts a binary variable controlled by voltage-frequency, if so, then
Figure FDA00035043702000000321
Otherwise
Figure FDA00035043702000000322
NRRepresenting the number of partitions in a power-off area; omeganRepresenting a set of all nodes of the active power distribution network; xi,sAnd Xj,sBinary variables respectively representing the activated states of the node i and the node j in the stage s, if the node i and the node j in the stage s are activated and electrified, Xi,sAnd Xj,sIs 1, otherwise Xi,sAnd Xj,sIs 0;
Figure FDA0003504370200000041
representing a set of lines including a switch;
Figure FDA0003504370200000042
representing a circuit set in a power-off area; a. theij,kA binary variable representing the dependency relationship between the branch ij and the partition k, if the branch ij belongs to the partition k, Aij,k1, otherwise Aij,k＝0；Xij,sA binary variable representing the activation state of the branch ij in the stage s, if the branch ij in the stage s is activated to be charged, Xij,s1, otherwise Xij,s＝0；αij,sA binary variable representing the running state of the switching branch ij in the phase s, wherein if the switching branch ij in the phase s is activated to be charged, the alpha isij,s1, otherwise αij,s＝0；ΩbRepresenting the set of all branches of the active power distribution network;
Figure FDA0003504370200000043
and
Figure FDA0003504370200000044
respectively representing the binary variable of the running state of the contact switch on the branch ij in the stage s and the binary variable of the running state of the section switch, if the contact switch on the branch ij in the stage s is closed, the binary variable is used for indicating the running state of the section switch
Figure FDA0003504370200000045
Otherwise
Figure FDA0003504370200000046
If the section switch on the branch ij in the stage s is turned on
Figure FDA0003504370200000047
Otherwise
Figure FDA0003504370200000048
Figure FDA0003504370200000049
And
Figure FDA00035043702000000410
respectively representing a tie switch set and a segmented switch set associated with a power loss zone.
4. The multi-stage power supply restoration method for the active power distribution network comprising the flexible multi-state switch according to claim 1, wherein the radial topology constraint in step 2) is expressed as:
Figure FDA00035043702000000411
Figure FDA00035043702000000412
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA00035043702000000413
representing a set of lines including a switch;
Figure FDA00035043702000000414
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000415
respectively representing a tie switch set and a section switch set related to a power loss area; beta is aij,sAnd betaji,sIndicating that the switch branch ij in the stage s activates the direction variable, if the activation direction is from i to j, then βij,s＝1,βji,sIf the activation direction is from j to i, then β is 0ji,s＝1,βij,s＝0；αij,sA binary variable representing the running state of the switching branch ij in the stage s;
Figure FDA00035043702000000416
the interconnection switch set is used for connecting a normal operation area and a power loss area;
Figure FDA00035043702000000417
a binary variable representing whether the flexible multi-state switch at node i in phase s employs voltage-frequency control.
5. The multi-stage power supply restoration method for the active power distribution network comprising the flexible multi-state switch according to claim 1, wherein the activation sequence constraint of step 2) is expressed as:
Figure FDA00035043702000000418
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA00035043702000000419
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000420
auxiliary variables representing the activation sequence of the switching legs ij in phase s, if the switching legs ij are activated from i to j
Figure FDA00035043702000000421
Is a positive number, and the number of the positive number,
Figure FDA00035043702000000422
is 0, if switching branch ij is activated from j to i
Figure FDA00035043702000000423
Is a positive number, and the number of the positive number,
Figure FDA00035043702000000424
is 0;
Figure FDA00035043702000000425
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000426
auxiliary variables representing the activation sequence of the flexible multi-state switches in the stage s, if the flexible multi-state switches at the node i adopt voltage-frequency control, then
Figure FDA0003504370200000051
Is a positive number, and the number of the positive number,
Figure FDA0003504370200000052
is 0, if the flexible multi-state switch at the node g adopts voltage-frequency control, then
Figure FDA0003504370200000053
Is a positive number, and the number of the positive number,
Figure FDA0003504370200000054
is 0; beta is aij,sPresentation phaseActivating a direction variable by a switch branch ij in s;
Figure FDA0003504370200000055
representing whether the flexible multi-state switch at the node i in the stage s adopts a binary variable controlled by voltage-frequency; m represents a constant of 1000;
Figure FDA0003504370200000056
representing a set of lines including a switch;
Figure FDA0003504370200000057
representing a set of nodes connected to an mth flexible multi-state switch; omegan,kA set of nodes for partition k;
Figure FDA0003504370200000058
a flexible multi-state switch set representing a contact between a normal operation area and a power loss area; omegaavaThe flexible multi-state switch assembly is connected with the interconnection switch and the flexible multi-state switch assembly in a normal operation area and a power loss area;
Figure FDA0003504370200000059
the interconnection switch set is used for connecting a normal operation area and a power loss area; n is a radical ofRRepresenting the number of partitions in the power loss area; ek,sRepresenting the activation state of partition k in phase s.
6. The multi-stage power restoration method for the active power distribution network comprising the flexible multi-state switch according to claim 1, wherein the load and distributed power supply restoration constraints in the step 2) are expressed as:
Figure FDA00035043702000000510
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA00035043702000000511
a set of nodes representing a power loss region; l isi,t-1And Li,tBinary variables respectively representing load recovery states on the node i at the time t-1 and the node i at the time t;
Figure FDA00035043702000000512
a binary variable representing the running state of the load switch at the node i at the time t; xi,sA binary variable representing the activation state of the node i in step s; kt,sA binary variable representing whether the running state of the active power distribution network at the moment t is related to the switching state and the flexible multi-state switch control mode in the step s;
Figure FDA00035043702000000513
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000514
respectively representing the active power consumed by the load at the node i at the time t and the active power injected by the distributed power supply; omeganRepresenting a set of all nodes of the active power distribution network;
Figure FDA00035043702000000515
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000516
respectively representing reactive power consumed by a load at a node i at the time t and reactive power injected by the distributed power supply;
Figure FDA00035043702000000517
and
Figure FDA00035043702000000518
respectively representing an active power reference value of load consumption at a node i at the time t and an active power reference value of distributed power supply injection;
Figure FDA00035043702000000519
representing a load reactive power reference value at a node i at the time t;
Figure FDA00035043702000000520
and Ωn,DGRespectively representing a power loss area and a whole active power distribution network distributed power supply access node set; pfi DGRepresenting the power factor of the distributed power supply at node i.
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