CN111939434B

CN111939434B - Skull drainage tube fixing device and drainage system

Info

Publication number: CN111939434B
Application number: CN202010831709.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李猛; 刘元玉; 张光; 张明坤; 李燕乐
Original assignee: Shandong University; Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital
Current assignee: Shandong University; Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital
Priority date: 2020-08-18
Filing date: 2020-08-18
Publication date: 2022-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-18
Also published as: CN111939434A

Abstract

The invention discloses a skull drainage tube fixing device and a drainage system, and the technical scheme is as follows: comprises an inner pipe fitting and an outer pipe fitting which are sleeved together and can rotate relatively; the side wall of the inner-layer pipe fitting is provided with a first pipe wall opening, and the side wall of the outer-layer pipe fitting is provided with a second pipe wall opening; a radial fixing piece is connected between the first pipe wall opening and the second pipe wall opening, an axial clamping assembly is installed on the side surface of the inner-layer pipe fitting, and an ejection opening is formed in the outer-layer pipe fitting; when the outer-layer pipe fitting rotates, the radial fixing piece can protrude from the opening of the second pipe wall to provide radial fixing for the drainage pipe; the axial clamping assembly can pop out from the ejection port to provide axial fixation for the drainage tube. The invention can provide a guiding function for the drainage tube placed in the cranium and can firmly fix the drainage tube after operation.

Description

Skull drainage tube fixing device and drainage system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a skull drainage tube fixing device and a drainage system.

Background

The craniocerebral external drainage operation is a common surgical operation in neurosurgery, and releases intracranial hematoma through the drainage operation, reduces cranial pressure and restores the displacement of a brain structure to normal. During operation, firstly, the position of hematoma is determined through brain CT, a skull awl and a skull drill are used for drilling a small hole on the skull, a silica gel drainage tube with a guide wire is extended into the position under the skull, and the silica gel drainage tube is connected with a drainage device after being fixed, so that the intracranial hematoma is drained.

The inventor finds that the prior drainage tube needs to be adjusted in shape by a guide wire before being placed into the cranium, so that the top end of the drainage tube can be correctly placed at the position of hematoma, and the position adjustment cannot be carried out after the guide wire is drawn out. After the operation is completed, the drainage tube needs to be left in the cranium of the patient for a short time in order to reduce the recurrence of the effusion or hematoma. The drainage tube needs to be sutured on the scalp and fixed by using medical adhesive tape, the suture of the scalp causes additional wound to the patient, the fixing mode cannot bear large impact, and the fixation needs to ensure the connection firmness by limiting the movement of the patient.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a skull drainage tube fixing device and a drainage system, which can provide a guiding function for a drainage tube placed into the cranium and can firmly fix the drainage tube after operation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a skull drainage tube fixing device, including an inner tube and an outer tube sleeved together, and the inner tube and the outer tube can rotate relatively; the side wall of the inner-layer pipe fitting is provided with a first pipe wall opening, and the side wall of the outer-layer pipe fitting is provided with a second pipe wall opening;

a radial fixing piece is connected between the first pipe wall opening and the second pipe wall opening, an axial clamping assembly is installed on the side surface of the inner-layer pipe fitting, and an ejection opening is formed in the outer-layer pipe fitting; when the outer-layer pipe fitting rotates, the radial fixing piece can protrude from the opening of the second pipe wall to provide radial fixing for the drainage pipe; the axial clamping assembly can pop out from the ejection port to provide axial fixation for the drainage tube.

As a further implementation, one end of the radial fixing member is fixed to one end of the outer-layer pipe fitting, and the other end of the radial fixing member is fixed to the other end of the inner-layer pipe fitting.

As a further implementation, the radial fixing member is a first elastic sheet, and the first elastic sheet has a curvature.

As a further implementation manner, the side surface of the opening of the first pipe wall is provided with a mounting groove for fixing the clamping device, and the mounting groove corresponds to the position of the ejection outlet.

As a further implementation manner, the axial clamping assembly is disposed in the mounting groove and includes a clamping arm and a second elastic piece, the second elastic piece is fixed to the mounting groove, and the second elastic piece is rotatably connected to the clamping arm.

As a further implementation mode, the number of the clamping arms is two, and the two clamping arms are connected through a connecting arm; the clamp arm is smaller in size than the ejection opening so that the clamp arm can be ejected from the ejection opening.

As a further implementation mode, the outer wall of one end of the inner-layer pipe fitting is provided with a positioning bulge, and the other end of the inner-layer pipe fitting is provided with a base.

As a further implementation mode, one end of the outer-layer pipe fitting is provided with a positioning saw tooth, and the positioning saw tooth is matched with the positioning protrusion to realize circumferential positioning of the outer-layer pipe fitting and the inner-layer pipe fitting.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a skull drainage system, which comprises the fixing device.

As a further implementation mode, the device further comprises a guide device, wherein the guide device is connected with the fixing device; the guiding device comprises a plurality of elastic spiral structures and positioning rings, and the elastic spiral structures are fixedly connected with the positioning rings.

The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention are as follows:

(1) one or more embodiments of the present invention can make the drainage tube not need to be sewed on the scalp or fixed on the head by using an adhesive tape when the drainage tube is indwelling in the cranium by the drainage tube fixing device; the elastic piece and the clamping device are used for providing radial and axial fixation for the drainage tube, and compared with the traditional suture fixation, the elastic piece has the advantages that the elastic piece can bear larger impact, and the connection firmness is ensured without limiting the movement of a patient;

(2) according to one or more embodiments of the invention, through the guiding device, the position of the small hole at the top end can be finely adjusted after the drainage tube is extended into the cranium, and the suction area is adjusted, so that hematoma suction is more thorough; and guider is different from traditional snake bone guider, and the use of elasticity helical structure makes guider can resume straight line state after loosening the seal wire, the control and the taking out of the drainage tube direction of bending of being convenient for.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an inner tubular structure according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an outer tube construction according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a clamping device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure in an initial state;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a clamping device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure in an operational state;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a guide according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a head positioning ring according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

wherein, 1, inner layer pipe fitting; 101. positioning the projection; 102. mounting grooves; 103. the first pipe wall is opened; 104. a base; 2. an outer pipe fitting; 201. positioning the saw teeth; 202. the second pipe wall is opened; 203. a projectile port; 3. a rubber ring; 4. a clamping device; 5. a first elastic sheet; 6. a second elastic sheet; 7. a positioning ring; 8. an elastic helical structure.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;

for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in this application, if any, merely indicate correspondence with the directions of up, down, left and right of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present application should be understood broadly, and for example, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "fixed" may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or the two components can be connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the embodiment provides a skull drainage tube fixing device, as shown in fig. 1-5, which comprises an inner pipe fitting 1, an outer pipe fitting 2, a radial fixing part and an axial clamping assembly, wherein the inner pipe fitting 1 and the outer pipe fitting 2 are sleeved together and can rotate relatively. One end of the radial fixing piece is connected with the inner-layer pipe fitting 1, and the other end of the radial fixing piece is connected with the outer-layer pipe fitting 2; the axial clamping assembly is connected to the inner tubular 1.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the inner pipe 1 is a circular pipe, and one end of the inner pipe has a base 104; the base 104 is a round pipe, the inner diameter of the round pipe is matched with the outer diameter of the inner-layer pipe fitting 1, the outer diameter of the round pipe fitting is the same as that of the outer-layer pipe fitting 2, and axial fixation can be provided for the outer-layer pipe fitting 2. The other end side of the inner pipe fitting 1 is provided with a positioning bulge 101, and the axial rotation position of the outer pipe fitting 2 is limited by the positioning bulge 101.

The side wall of the inner-layer pipe fitting 1 is provided with a first pipe wall opening 103 and a mounting groove 102 for mounting the clamping device 4, the first pipe wall opening 103 is formed along the circumferential direction of the inner-layer pipe fitting 1, and the mounting groove 102 is located at one end of the first pipe wall opening 103. In this embodiment, the first pipe wall opening 103 is located in the middle of the inner pipe 1, and the installation groove 102 is a U-shaped groove and is surrounded at one end of the first pipe wall opening 103. The width of the first tube wall opening 103 should be slightly less than the thickness of the skull.

During the use, inlayer pipe fitting 1 is connected through the mode of gluing with the drainage tube, and 1 inner wall processing of inlayer pipe fitting has little slot, the flow of the glue of being convenient for.

As shown in fig. 3, the outer pipe 2 is a round pipe, and the inner diameter of the round pipe is matched with the outer diameter of the inner pipe 1; the outer diameter of the outer pipe 2 is matched with the outer diameter of the base 104 of the inner pipe 1. The outer pipe fitting 2 one end processing has location sawtooth 201, and location sawtooth 201 evenly arranges along outer pipe fitting 2 tip circumference. Tooth grooves between adjacent positioning sawteeth 201 are matched with the positioning protrusions 101, so that circumferential positioning of the inner-layer pipe fitting 1 and the outer-layer pipe fitting 2 is realized.

A rubber ring 3 is arranged between the other end of the outer-layer pipe fitting 2 and the base 104, so that the outer-layer pipe fitting 2 can have small displacement in the axial direction; after the outer pipe fitting 2 is installed, the axial elastic force generated by the rubber ring 3 can provide axial supporting force for the outer pipe fitting.

A second pipe wall opening 202 and an ejection opening 203 are formed in the side wall of the outer pipe fitting 2, and the position of the second pipe wall opening 202 corresponds to the position of the first pipe wall opening 103; and the length and width of the second tube wall opening 202 is slightly greater than the first tube wall opening 103. Two ejection openings 203 are arranged and are positioned at two sides of the second pipe wall opening 202; the location of the ejection opening 203 corresponds to the U-shaped side of the mounting slot 102.

The inboard pipe wall of outer pipe fitting 2 is processed flutedly along its axial, in this embodiment, sets up two recesses, and the two symmetry. The groove enables the positioning projection 101 on the inner pipe 1 to pass through, facilitating the assembly of the fixing device.

Further, in the present embodiment, the radial fixing element is a first elastic sheet 5, and the first elastic sheet 5 is installed between the first tube wall opening 103 of the inner tube 1 and the second tube wall opening 202 of the outer tube 2. The one end of first flexure strip 5 is fixed in 1 inner wall of inlayer pipe fitting, and the other end is fixed in 2 outer walls of outer pipe fitting, and the link of first flexure strip 5 and inlayer pipe fitting 1, outer pipe fitting 2 is located the difference end. The first elastic sheet 5 is connected by laser shock riveting. The first elastic sheet 5 is pre-shaped and has a certain curvature to ensure that it protrudes outwards when the outer pipe 2 is rotated.

In the initial state, the first tubular wall opening 103 is overlapped with the second tubular wall opening 202, and the first elastic sheet 5 is hidden in the tubular wall opening. When the skull bone fixing device works, the outer-layer pipe fitting 2 is rotated, and the two ends of the first elastic piece 5 move relatively, so that the first elastic piece 5 is popped out from the pipe wall and is abutted against the skull bone to provide radial fixation. In order to facilitate the suture of the wound after the operation is finished, the width of the first elastic sheet 5 is smaller than the thickness of the skull, so that the first elastic sheet is not higher than the surface of the skull when in operation.

The axial clamping assembly is arranged in the mounting groove 102 and comprises two clamping arms and a second elastic piece 6, and the two clamping arms are connected through a connecting arm to form a U-shaped structure. The distance between the clamping arms (the length of the connecting arm) is slightly larger than the thickness of the skull, so that the clamping arms can be clamped on the skull in a working state, and one end of the clamping arms is exposed out of the skull, thereby facilitating the suture of postoperative wounds. The clamping arm is smaller than the mounting slot 102 so that it can be hidden in the mounting slot 102 in a non-operating state.

The second elastic piece 6 is arranged on the outer side of the clamping arm and is rotationally connected with the connecting arm; the second elastic piece 6 is fixed at the installation groove 102 by means of adhesion. Further, the second elastic sheet 6 is connected with the mounting groove 102 by means of gluing. The second elastic sheet 6 is subjected to pre-shaping treatment, and when the second elastic sheet is not subjected to external force, the state is shown in fig. 5; when the pipe fitting is installed, the second elastic piece 6 is closed by external force due to the constraint of the outer pipe fitting 2, and the state is shown in fig. 4.

In the initial state, the ejection opening 203 of the outer pipe member 2 is not aligned with the mounting groove 102, and therefore, the holding device 4 is hidden in the mounting groove 102. When the drainage tube reaches a specified position and needs to be fixed, the outer-layer pipe fitting 2 is rotated, so that the inner-layer pipe fitting 1 and the outer-layer pipe fitting 2 move relatively. The ejection opening 203 coincides with the mounting groove 102, and the holding device 4 is ejected from the ejection opening 203 by the second elastic piece 6.

Example two:

the embodiment provides a skull drainage system, which comprises the fixing device of the first embodiment and further comprises a guide device, wherein the guide device is connected with a base 104 of an inner-layer pipe fitting 1; the fixing device is connected with the drainage device through the drainage tube.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the guiding device comprises a plurality of elastic spiral structures 8 and positioning rings 7, and both ends of each elastic spiral structure 8 are connected with the positioning rings 7. The elastic spiral structure 8 is fixedly connected with the positioning ring 7, for example welded. The guiding device with different length specifications can be obtained by changing the number of the elastic spiral structures 8 and the positioning rings 7, so that the requirement of the extension length of the drainage tube in different operations is met. The elastic helical structure 8 may be a spring.

As shown in fig. 7, the inner wall of the positioning ring 7 is provided with an axial groove for the passage of a guide wire. One end of one elastic spiral structure 8 is taken as a head end, and a small hole is formed in the side face of a positioning ring 7 arranged at the head end of the elastic spiral structure 8 and used for fixing a guide wire.

When controlling the bending of the drainage tube, a large bow may occur between the guide wire and the elastic helix 8 due to the bending of the elastic helix 8. To reduce the length of the arcuate region, the guide wire may be caused to alternate inside and outside across the helix as it passes over the resilient helix 8. Due to the presence of the elastic helical structure 8, the guiding device has the ability to restore the straight state after the guide wire is released.

When the drainage tube is used, the tiny rotation of the drainage tube in the space can be controlled by controlling the guide wires in 4 directions, the position of a small hole at the top end of the drainage tube is convenient to adjust, and hematoma can be sucked more thoroughly. When the patient is healed and needs to take out the drainage tube, the guide wire can be released slowly, so that the drainage tube slowly recovers the original shape, and the drainage tube is convenient to take out.

The using method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) the position of intracranial hematoma is determined through CT, the extending amount of the drainage tube is estimated, a guiding device with proper length is selected, and the fixing device and the guiding device are installed on the drainage tube.

2) Cutting scalp, drilling hole on skull with cranial drill and cranial awl, extending drainage tube into cranium, and controlling the extending direction of drainage tube with guide wire of guide device.

3) After the drainage tube reaches the designated position, the outer-layer pipe fitting 2 of the fixing device is rotated to enable the first elastic sheet 5 and the clamping device 4 to be popped out, and radial and axial fixing is provided for the drainage tube.

4) Connect drainage device with the drainage tube, drainage goes out the intracerebral hematoma, and accessible pulling seal wire fine setting drainage tube head aperture position is adjusted and is absorb regional in the course of the work to make hematoma absorb thoroughly.

5) The wound is sutured and bandaged after the operation is finished, the drainage tube is fixed at the head by the fixing device, after the craniocerebral hemorrhage is completely healed, the hemostatic forceps are utilized to break the bulge on the inner-layer tube, so that the outer-layer tube 2 can be rotated in the opposite direction, the first elastic sheet 5 and the clamping device 4 are restored to the initial state, and the drainage tube is convenient to take out.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A skull drainage tube fixing device is characterized by comprising an inner-layer tube and an outer-layer tube which are sleeved together and can rotate relatively; the side wall of the inner-layer pipe fitting is provided with a first pipe wall opening, and the side wall of the outer-layer pipe fitting is provided with a second pipe wall opening;

a radial fixing piece is connected between the first pipe wall opening and the second pipe wall opening, an axial clamping assembly is installed on the side surface of the inner-layer pipe fitting, and an ejection opening is formed in the outer-layer pipe fitting; when the outer-layer pipe fitting rotates, the radial fixing piece can protrude from the opening of the second pipe wall to provide radial fixing for the drainage pipe; the axial clamping assembly can be popped out from the ejection port to provide axial fixing for the drainage tube;

the side surface of the opening of the first pipe wall is provided with a mounting groove for fixing the clamping device, and the mounting groove corresponds to the position of the ejection opening;

the axial clamping assembly is arranged in the mounting groove and comprises a clamping arm and a second elastic piece, the second elastic piece is fixed with the mounting groove, and the second elastic piece is rotatably connected with the clamping arm.

2. The skull drainage tube fixing device of claim 1, wherein one end of the radial fixing member is fixed to one end of the outer pipe, and the other end of the radial fixing member is fixed to the other end of the inner pipe.

3. The skull drainage tube fixing device of claim 2, wherein the radial fixing member is a first elastic sheet having a curvature.

4. The skull drainage tube fixing device of claim 1, wherein the number of the clamping arms is two, and the two clamping arms are connected through a connecting arm; the clamp arm is smaller in size than the ejection opening so that the clamp arm can be ejected from the ejection opening.

5. The skull drainage tube fixing device of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of one end of the inner pipe is provided with a positioning protrusion, and the other end of the inner pipe is provided with a base.

6. The skull drainage tube fixing device of claim 5, wherein one end of the outer tube is provided with a positioning saw tooth, and the positioning saw tooth is matched with the positioning protrusion to realize circumferential positioning of the outer tube and the inner tube.

7. A cranial drainage system comprising a fixation device according to any of claims 1 to 6.

8. The skull drainage system of claim 7, further comprising a guide device coupled to the fixation device; the guiding device comprises a plurality of elastic spiral structures and positioning rings, and the elastic spiral structures are fixedly connected with the positioning rings.