CN111918096A - Method, device and equipment for fast switching input source of cloud director and storage medium - Google Patents
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- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
- H04N21/234309—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by transcoding between formats or standards, e.g. from MPEG-2 to MPEG-4 or from Quicktime to Realvideo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for fast switching input sources of a cloud director. Namely, transcoding the video input source which is currently played, pre-loading the video input source to be switched and synchronously decoding. This allows the switching to occur immediately after receiving a switch notification from the background of the director service without waiting for the decoder to decode. The reason is that: the switch at this time is based on YUV data rather than the video raw encoded data packet. And on the problem that the video content which is not in compliance is broadcast by mistake, a delay broadcast control method is adopted. The video broadcasting time is delayed by a certain time compared with the video time monitored by monitoring personnel in a broadcasting guide room, and the purpose of the time delay is to switch to a standby video source in advance when video content which is not in accordance with the standard exists on site.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of video processing, and particularly relates to a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for fast switching input sources of a cloud director.
Background
Due to the nature of h.264 video coding, the decoder receives the first frame and starts with the key frame before it can decode normally. The interval between key frames therefore directly restricts the decoder's ready time when switching to an input source.
The traditional cloud director broadcasting station switches the input source based on the key frame of the input source, and consumes long time. Meanwhile, the encoder is not optimized particularly, and the encoding delay is large. Switching from the beginning to the final switching is complete, requiring 5 seconds or more, which can seriously affect the viewing experience of the user. Meanwhile, some pictures which are not good for social stability and safety can be broadcast by mistake.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for fast switching input sources by cloud director, which can reduce the time delay of video input source switching and achieve the effect of second switching.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for fast switching input sources by cloud director comprises the following steps:
s1: a video input source is loaded in advance, and the video input source is unpacked and decoded to obtain corresponding YUV data;
s2: and after receiving a video switching notification sent by the background of the director service, the transcoding server directly performs image processing, coding and packaging on the YUV data of the target video input source and then outputs the YUV data, so that the function of fast switching is realized.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step S1 further includes:
after YUV data of a video input source is obtained, caching the YUV data in a delay queue;
and the delay queue performs corresponding delay control on the YUV data of each video input source based on the video time stamp.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step S2 further includes:
when the video input source is found to have the non-compliant content, quickly switching the non-compliant video content into a standby video input source; the non-compliant content refers to pictures which are not good for social stability and safety.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, after the step S1 and before the step S2, the method further includes:
after receiving the video input source switching request, the director service background searches a corresponding transcoding server according to the number between the directors and sends the video input source switching request to the transcoding server for processing.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step S2 further includes:
and when the YUV data of the target video input source is coded, coding by adopting a low-delay mode.
An apparatus for fast switching input sources by cloud director, comprising:
the loading and decoding module is used for pre-loading a video input source by the cloud director, and de-encapsulating and decoding the video input source to obtain corresponding YUV data;
and the fast switching module is used for directly carrying out image processing, coding and packaging on the YUV data of the target video input source and then outputting the YUV data after the transcoding server receives the video switching notification sent by the background of the director service, so that the fast switching function is realized.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for fast switching input sources by cloud director further includes a delay module, the delay module is disposed behind the loading and decoding module, and is configured to buffer the YUV data in a delay queue; and the delay queue performs corresponding delay control on the YUV data of each video input source based on the video time stamp.
A device for fast switching input sources of cloud director comprises a memory and at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions, and the memory and the at least one processor are interconnected through a line;
the at least one processor invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the device for cloud director fast switching input sources to execute the method for cloud director fast switching input sources in an embodiment of the present invention.
A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements a method for fast switching input sources by a cloud director in an embodiment of the present invention.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1) aiming at the problem that when the traditional cloud director switches the input source, a stream switching module is positioned before decoding, and when the traditional cloud director switches the input source, the stream switching module needs to wait for the first key frame of a received video to normally decode, so that great delay is caused, the corresponding YUV data is obtained by pre-loading the video input source and decoding, and when the video input source is switched, the video input source is directly based on the YUV data instead of the original video encoding data, so that the problem that the key frame needs to be waited for decoding is avoided, the delay time for switching the video input source is greatly reduced, the effect of second switching is achieved, and the watching experience of a user is improved.
2) Aiming at the risk problem that the traditional cloud director has pictures which are not beneficial to social stability and safety due to mis-broadcasting, the method for fast switching the input source of the cloud director in the embodiment of the invention buffers the YUV data of the video input source in the delay queue by a method for delaying the live video input source, carries out delay control on the YUV data output by the delay queue based on the video timestamp, and fast switches to a standby video source when the video input source is found to have video content which is not compliant, thereby ensuring the safe operation of live broadcasting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a GOP according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a switching flow diagram of a conventional cloud director video input source in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow diagram of a system for switching input sources of a cloud director video according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for fast switching input sources by a cloud director in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a switching flow diagram of a cloud director video input source in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of an apparatus for fast switching input sources of a cloud director in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for fast switching an input source by a cloud director in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for fast switching an input source by a cloud director in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims.
Example one
Before specifically describing the method for fast switching the input source by the cloud director, provided by the invention, the following technical terms are introduced:
the frame is a single image picture of the minimum unit in the video animation, which is equivalent to each shot on the movie film, one frame is a static picture, and the continuous frames form the animation.
The key frame refers to a frame where a key action in the movement or change of a character or an object is located. Animations from key frame to key frame can be created by software, called transition frames or intermediate frames.
Video coding is coded in groups of pictures (GOP), where a GOP file is a Group of consecutive pictures (i.e., frames), and each GOP file represents the distance between two key frames, and there is no connection between GOPs.
In compression coding, a picture can be divided I, P, B into three frames, I being an intra-coded frame (i.e., a key frame), P being a forward predicted frame, and B being a bi-directional interpolated frame. In brief, an I-frame is a complete picture, while P-frames and B-frames record changes relative to the I-frame, and cannot be decoded without the I-frame. Fig. 1 illustrates a GOP composed of I, P, B three frames, and a plurality of GOP files constitute a sequence of video frames or a video bitstream.
Decapsulation, namely, decoding a video code stream from files such as mp4, mkv or flv, is called decapsulation, and the reverse process is called encapsulation, wherein mp4, mkv or flv are called encapsulation containers, and H263, H264 and H265 are called video code streams.
Decoding, decoding the video image data that can be played from the video code stream is called decoding, and the reverse process is called encoding.
The video transcoding means that a video code stream which is compressed and encoded is converted into another video code stream so as to adapt to different network bandwidths, different terminal processing capacities and different user requirements. Transcoding is essentially a process of decoding first and then encoding, so the code stream before and after conversion may or may not conform to the same video encoding standard.
YUV is a kind of compiled true-color space (color space), and the proper terms such as Y' UV, YUV, YCbCr, YPbPr, etc. may be called YUV. "Y" represents brightness (Luma) or gray scale value, and "U" and "V" represent Chroma (Chroma or Chroma) and are used to describe the color and saturation of the image for specifying the color of the pixel.
Please refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3 for a process of switching input sources of a conventional cloud director platform: and after receiving a switching notification sent by the background of the director service, the transcoding engine waits for a first key frame of a new input source video, and starts real switching operation after receiving the first key frame of the video. The stream cutting module is positioned between the input source and the decapsulation module and is used for selecting the input source which needs transcoding currently from a plurality of input sources. Other sources do not. And then the video stream is unpacked, a frame of YUV data is obtained by decoding, the YUV data is subjected to image processing and encoded to obtain the video stream, and finally the video stream is packaged and output. The disadvantage is that the stream slicing block is located before decoding. When switching to a new input source, this causes a delay because it is necessary to wait until the first key frame of the received video can be decoded normally. In addition, some pictures which are not good for social stability and safety are at risk of being broadcast by mistake.
To solve the above problems of the conventional cloud director, this embodiment improves the method for switching the video input source of the conventional cloud director, and provides a method for quickly switching the input source of the cloud director, please refer to fig. 4, where the method includes:
s1: a video input source is loaded in advance, and the video input source is unpacked and decoded to obtain corresponding YUV data;
s2: and after receiving a video switching notification sent by the background of the director service, the transcoding server directly performs image processing, coding and packaging on the YUV data of the target video input source and then outputs the YUV data, so that the function of fast switching is realized.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the video input source to be switched is preloaded. And decapsulating and decoding the video stream to obtain a frame of YUV data. Because the video input source to be switched is not used currently, some decoded YUV data can be directly discarded, and only the video input source which is currently played is subjected to subsequent transcoding processing. The YUV data is processed and coded to obtain video stream, and finally packaged into video for output.
In fig. 5, the cut stream module is located after decoding. When the transcoding engine (namely, the transcoding server) receives the switching notification sent by the background of the director service, the stream switching module immediately switches the video input source without waiting. The reason is that: the video input source is subjected to pre-loading synchronous decoding processing, and the current cut-off module is based on YUV data instead of original coding data of the video input source, so that the problem that key frames need to be waited does not exist, and the delay time for switching the video input source is greatly reduced.
In order to further reduce the delay time for switching the video input source, the present embodiment improves the encoder. When the YUV data is coded, a low-delay mode (for h.264 coding, the coding time of the low-delay mode is 7ms) is adopted, and meanwhile, the streaming media server is configured to be the low-delay mode and the front-end player reduces the receiving buffer time, so that the switching time of the whole video input source can be controlled within 1 second, and the effect of second switching is achieved.
For the problem that some pictures which are not beneficial to social stability and safety are mistakenly broadcast in the traditional switching method of the cloud-guided video input source, a delay module is arranged between decoding and switching of the video input source, and YUV data obtained by decoding is cached in a delay queue; the delay queue performs corresponding delay control on the YUV data of each video input source based on the video time stamp. That is, YUV data reaching the delay time is output, while YUV data not reaching the delay time continues to be buffered. When the video input source is found to have non-compliant content, the non-compliant video content is quickly switched to an alternate video input source. The non-compliant content refers to pictures that are not good for social stability and safety. Furthermore, when the standby video input source is switched, switching can be performed frame by frame, the frame YUV data is output through the stream switching module, then video stream is obtained through image processing and coding, and finally the video stream is packaged into video output, so that safe live broadcasting is guaranteed.
In practical application, as shown in fig. 3, after receiving a video input source switching request sent by a user, a director service background searches for a corresponding transcoding server (transcoding engine) according to a number between directors, and sends the video input source switching request to the transcoding server for processing. And after the transcoding server finishes switching the video input source, informing the director service of successful video switching in the background. The back-end of the director service returns the message to the user, and at the moment, the user sees the switched video.
In the method for fast switching the input sources by the cloud director in the embodiment, the video input sources are preloaded and synchronous decoding operation is performed on the problem that time consumption for switching the video input sources is too long. Namely, transcoding the video input source which is currently played, pre-loading the video input source to be switched and synchronously decoding. This allows the switching to occur immediately after receiving a switch notification from the background of the director service without waiting for the decoder to decode. The reason is that: the switch at this time is based on YUV data rather than the video raw encoded data packet. And on the problem that the video content which is not in compliance is broadcast by mistake, a delay broadcast control method is adopted. The video broadcasting time is delayed by a certain time compared with the video time monitored by monitoring personnel in a broadcasting guide room, and the purpose of the time delay is to switch to a standby video source in advance when video content which is not in accordance with the standard exists on site.
Example two
The above embodiment describes the method for fast switching the input source of the cloud director in detail, and the device for fast switching the input source of the cloud director in detail from the perspective of the modular functional entity.
Referring to fig. 6, the apparatus for fast switching input sources of a cloud director includes:
the loading and decoding module 1 is used for pre-loading a video input source by the cloud director, and de-encapsulating and decoding the video input source to obtain corresponding YUV data;
the delay module 2 is used for buffering the YUV data in a delay queue; the delay queue performs corresponding delay control on the YUV data of each video input source based on the video time stamp;
and the fast switching module 3 is used for directly carrying out image processing, coding and packaging on the YUV data of the target video input source and then outputting the YUV data after the transcoding server receives the video switching notification sent by the background of the director service, so that the fast switching function is realized.
The function and implementation process of the apparatus for fast switching an input source by a cloud director in this embodiment are the same as those of the method for fast switching an input source by a cloud director in the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 7, the apparatus 500 for fast switching input sources of cloud director may have a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors (CPUs) 510 (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory 520, one or more storage media 530 (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) storing applications 533 or data 532. Memory 520 and storage media 530 may be, among other things, transient or persistent storage. The program stored in the storage medium 530 may include one or more modules (not shown), each of which may include a series of instruction operations in the apparatus 500 for fast switching an input source to a cloud director.
Further, the processor 510 may be configured to communicate with the storage medium 530, and execute a series of instruction operations in the storage medium 530 on the device 500 for cloud director fast switching input source.
The apparatus 500 for cloud director fast switching input sources may also include one or more power supplies 540, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 550, one or more input-output interfaces 560, and/or one or more operating systems 531, such as Windows server, Vista, and the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the device architecture for fast switching input sources of the cloud director shown in fig. 7 does not constitute a limitation of the device for fast switching input sources of the cloud director, and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components in combination, or a different arrangement of components.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and which may also be a volatile computer-readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium has stored therein instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the digital twin-based medical device localization method of the first embodiment.
The modules in the second embodiment, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described apparatuses and devices may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is still within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A method for fast switching input sources by cloud director is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: a video input source is loaded in advance, and the video input source is unpacked and decoded to obtain corresponding YUV data;
s2: and after receiving a video switching notification sent by the background of the director service, the transcoding server directly performs image processing, coding and packaging on the YUV data of the target video input source and then outputs the YUV data, so that the function of fast switching is realized.
2. The method for cloud director to quickly switch input sources according to claim 1, wherein said step S1 further comprises:
after YUV data of a video input source is obtained, caching the YUV data in a delay queue;
and the delay queue performs corresponding delay control on the YUV data of each video input source based on the video time stamp.
3. The method for cloud director to quickly switch input sources according to claim 2, wherein said step S2 further comprises:
when the video input source is found to have the non-compliant content, quickly switching the non-compliant video content into a standby video input source; the non-compliant content refers to pictures which are not good for social stability and safety.
4. The method for cloud director to quickly switch input sources of claim 1, wherein after the step S1 and before the step S2, further comprising:
after receiving the video input source switching request, the director service background searches a corresponding transcoding server according to the number between the directors and sends the video input source switching request to the transcoding server for processing.
5. The method for cloud director to quickly switch input sources according to claim 1, wherein said step S2 further comprises:
and when the YUV data of the target video input source is coded, coding by adopting a low-delay mode.
6. An apparatus for fast switching input sources for a cloud director, comprising:
the loading and decoding module is used for pre-loading a video input source by the cloud director, and de-encapsulating and decoding the video input source to obtain corresponding YUV data;
and the fast switching module is used for directly carrying out image processing, coding and packaging on the YUV data of the target video input source and then outputting the YUV data after the transcoding server receives the video switching notification sent by the background of the director service, so that the fast switching function is realized.
7. The apparatus for cloud director fast switching input source according to claim 6, further comprising a delay module, disposed after said loading and decoding module, for buffering said YUV data in a delay queue; and the delay queue performs corresponding delay control on the YUV data of each video input source based on the video time stamp.
8. An apparatus for cloud director to fast switch input sources, comprising a memory and at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions, and the memory and the at least one processor are interconnected through a line;
the at least one processor invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the device for cloud director fast switching input sources to perform the method for cloud director fast switching input sources as recited in any one of claims 1-5.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for cloud director fast switching input sources as claimed in any one of claims 1-5.
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