CN111910436A - Shear thickening protective liquid and application thereof - Google Patents
Shear thickening protective liquid and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111910436A CN111910436A CN202010688655.8A CN202010688655A CN111910436A CN 111910436 A CN111910436 A CN 111910436A CN 202010688655 A CN202010688655 A CN 202010688655A CN 111910436 A CN111910436 A CN 111910436A
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- shear thickening
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/53—Polyethers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/80—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides
Abstract
The invention relates to a shear thickening protective liquid and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of shear thickening liquids. The shear thickening protective liquid consists of polyethylene glycol, nano silicon dioxide powder and boron carbide powder, and under the matching action of boron carbide particles and silicon dioxide particles, the shear thickening protective liquid increases friction and fully utilizes the principle of friction energy absorption among the particles on one hand, and can reduce the degree of shear damage generated when a fiber fabric is soaked and increase the energy absorption of the fiber fabric to a projectile on the other hand. The shear thickening protective liquid provided by the invention has a better bulletproof effect in the field of fiber fabric modification, and can be widely applied to the field of different types of protective equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shear thickening protective liquid and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of shear thickening liquids.
Background
The shear thickening fluid is a non-Newtonian fluid, and under the condition of a certain shear rate, the viscosity of a shear thickening fluid system can be rapidly increased along with the increase of the shear rate. The fiber fabric is soaked in the shear thickening liquid, and the existence of the shear thickening liquid enables the fiber fabric to have better protective performance. However, the energy absorption principle of the fiber fabric impregnated with the shear thickening liquid is not only dependent on the shear thickening effect in the protection process, the traditional shear thickening liquid can generate a shear thickening phenomenon at a high shear rate to increase the viscous loss, after the shear thickening liquid is combined with the fiber fabric, the dispersoid particles in the shear thickening liquid are attached to yarns to reduce the flexibility of the fiber fabric, the shear damage degree of the impregnated fiber fabric is increased when the impregnated fiber fabric is impacted by a projectile, the tensile damage degree is reduced, the action time of the fiber fabric and the projectile is reduced, the energy of the projectile cannot be absorbed through the deformation of the back plate, and the energy absorption capability of the fiber fabric to the projectile is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a shear thickening protective liquid and application thereof, wherein under the coordination action of boron carbide particles and silica particles, the shear thickening protective liquid increases friction and fully utilizes the principle of friction energy absorption among the particles, and can reduce the degree of shear damage generated when a fiber fabric is soaked and increase the energy absorption of the fiber fabric to a projectile so as to achieve better protective effect.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The shear thickening protective liquid comprises the following components in percentage by mass based on 100% of the total mass of the shear thickening protective liquid: 65-75% of polyethylene glycol (PEG), 10-30% of nano silicon dioxide powder and 5-15% of boron carbide powder.
Furthermore, the polyethylene glycol is selected from polyethylene glycol with the molar mass of 200g/mol or 400 g/mol.
Further, the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide powder is 40 nm-400 nm.
Further, the particle diameter of the boron carbide powder is 1 μm to 10 μm.
The application of the shear thickening protective liquid in the fiber fabric comprises the following specific steps of:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide powder and boron carbide powder in polyethylene glycol uniformly, and transferring the nano silicon dioxide powder and the boron carbide powder into a vacuum drying oven to remove bubbles to obtain a shear thickening protective liquid;
(2) adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the shear thickening protective liquid, and uniformly mixing to obtain diluted shear thickening protective liquid;
(3) the fiber fabric is immersed in the diluted shear thickening protective liquid, then taken out and dried to obtain the modified fiber fabric.
Further, in the step (2), the absolute ethyl alcohol and the shear thickening protective liquid are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 1.
Further, the modified single-layer fiber fabric has the mass increased by 20-45% compared with the unmodified single-layer fiber fabric.
Has the advantages that:
in the shear thickening protective liquid, the boron carbide powder increases the relative distance between nano silicon dioxide particles in the system, and the silicon dioxide particles are difficult to aggregate to form particle clusters, so that the shear thickening effect of the shear thickening protective liquid is weakened, and the degree of shear damage generated when a fiber fabric is impregnated is reduced; the boron carbide powder has larger particle size, so that the average particle size of particles in the system is increased, and when the boron carbide powder is used for modifying the fiber fabric, the roughness of the surface of the yarn is increased, and the friction energy consumption between yarns and between the yarns and the shots is increased, so that the fiber fabric can absorb more energy to achieve a better protection effect; in addition, control B4The content of C is not more than 15 percent, the shear thickening effect of the shear thickening protective liquid cannot be weakened excessively, the surface rigidity of the yarn can be increased, the viscous loss of the modified fiber fabric to impact is kept, the degree of shear damage of the fiber fabric is reduced, and the main yarn in contact with the projectile is clearly shown compared with the main yarn before modificationThe kinetic energy of the projectile is converted into deformation energy and internal energy of the fiber fabric through drawing and breaking of yarns of the fiber fabric, the fiber fabric can better absorb the energy of the projectile through deformation of the back plate, the action time of the fiber fabric and the projectile is prolonged, the friction loss and tensile deformation energy of the fiber fabric to the projectile are improved, and the anti-elasticity energy of the fiber fabric is improved accordingly. The shear thickening protective liquid provided by the invention has a better bulletproof effect in the field of fiber fabric modification, and can be widely applied to the field of different types of protective equipment, such as personal stab-resistant clothes and personal bullet-resistant clothes.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following detailed description, wherein the processes are conventional unless otherwise specified, and the starting materials are commercially available from a public perspective unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
(1) Firstly, nano SiO with the grain diameter of 80nm2Adding the powder into PEG-200 (the molar mass is 200g/mol of polyethanol), uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic, and adding B with the particle size of 50-100 nm4C, continuing ultrasonic dispersion of the powder C, transferring the powder C after uniform dispersion to a vacuum drying oven for drying for 24 hours to remove bubbles, and obtaining a shear thickening protective liquid; wherein, the nano SiO220% of powder by mass, B4The mass fraction of the powder C is 5 percent, and the mass fraction of the PEG-200 is 75 percent;
(2) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and the shear thickening protective liquid according to the mass ratio of 10:7, and uniformly mixing to obtain diluted shear thickening protective liquid;
(3) immersing the single-layer fiber fabric (Twaron CT709) into the diluted shear thickening protective liquid, then taking out and placing in a constant temperature environment of 80 ℃ for vacuum drying for 1h to obtain a modified fiber fabric; wherein the modified fiber fabric has a mass increase of 33.8% compared to the unmodified fiber fabric and an average areal density of 267.6g/m2。
Example 2
(1) Firstly, nano SiO with the grain diameter of 80nm2Adding PEG-200 (molar mass) into the powder200g/mol of polyethanol), then adding B with the grain diameter of 1-10 mu m after ultrasonic dispersion is uniform4C, continuing ultrasonic dispersion of the powder C, transferring the powder C after uniform dispersion to a vacuum drying oven for drying for 24 hours to remove bubbles, and obtaining a shear thickening protective liquid; wherein, the nano SiO220% of powder by mass, B4The mass fraction of the powder C is 5 percent, and the mass fraction of the PEG-200 is 75 percent;
(2) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and the shear thickening protective liquid according to the mass ratio of 10:7, and uniformly mixing to obtain diluted shear thickening protective liquid;
(3) immersing the single-layer fiber fabric (Twaron CT709) into the diluted shear thickening protective liquid, then taking out and placing in a constant temperature environment of 80 ℃ for vacuum drying for 1h to obtain a modified fiber fabric; wherein the modified fiber web has a mass increase of 30.3% compared to the unmodified fiber web and the modified fiber web has an average areal density of 260.6g/m2。
Example 3
(1) Firstly, nano SiO with the grain diameter of 80nm2Adding the powder into PEG-200 (the molar mass is 200g/mol of polyethanol), uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic, and adding B with the particle size of 50-100 nm4C, continuing ultrasonic dispersion of the powder C, transferring the powder C after uniform dispersion to a vacuum drying oven for drying for 24 hours to remove bubbles, and obtaining a shear thickening protective liquid; wherein, the nano SiO220% of powder by mass, B4The mass fraction of the powder C is 10 percent, and the mass fraction of the PEG-200 is 70 percent;
(2) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and the shear thickening protective liquid according to the mass ratio of 10:7, and uniformly mixing to obtain diluted shear thickening protective liquid;
(3) immersing the single-layer fiber fabric (Twaron CT709) into the diluted shear thickening protective liquid, then taking out and placing in a constant temperature environment of 80 ℃ for vacuum drying for 1h to obtain a modified fiber fabric; wherein the modified fiber web has a mass increase of 27.9% compared to the unmodified fiber web and the modified fiber web has an average areal density of 255.8g/m2。
Example 4
(1) Firstly, useMixing nanometer SiO with particle diameter of 80nm2Adding the powder into PEG-200 (the molar mass is 200g/mol of the polyethanol), after the ultrasonic dispersion is uniform, adding B with the grain diameter of 1-10 mu m4C, continuing ultrasonic dispersion of the powder C, transferring the powder C after uniform dispersion to a vacuum drying oven for drying for 24 hours to remove bubbles, and obtaining a shear thickening protective liquid; wherein, the nano SiO220% of powder by mass, B4The mass fraction of the powder C is 10 percent, and the mass fraction of the PEG-200 is 70 percent;
(2) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and the shear thickening protective liquid according to the mass ratio of 10:7, and uniformly mixing to obtain diluted shear thickening protective liquid;
(3) immersing the single-layer fiber fabric (Twaron CT709) into the diluted shear thickening protective liquid, then taking out and placing in a constant temperature environment of 80 ℃ for vacuum drying for 1h to obtain a modified fiber fabric; wherein the modified fiber web has a mass increase of 25.8% compared to an unmodified fiber web and an average areal density of 251.6g/m2。
Example 5
(1) Firstly, nano SiO with the grain diameter of 80nm2Adding the powder into PEG-200 (the molar mass is 200g/mol of the polyethanol), after the ultrasonic dispersion is uniform, adding B with the grain diameter of 1-10 mu m4C, continuing ultrasonic dispersion of the powder C, transferring the powder C after uniform dispersion to a vacuum drying oven for drying for 24 hours to remove bubbles, and obtaining a shear thickening protective liquid; wherein, the nano SiO220% of powder by mass, B4The mass fraction of the powder C is 15 percent, and the mass fraction of the PEG-200 is 65 percent;
(2) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and the shear thickening protective liquid according to the mass ratio of 10:7, and uniformly mixing to obtain diluted shear thickening protective liquid;
(3) immersing the single-layer fiber fabric (Twaron CT709) into the diluted shear thickening protective liquid, then taking out and placing in a constant temperature environment of 80 ℃ for vacuum drying for 1h to obtain a modified fiber fabric; wherein the modified fiber fabric has a mass increase of 24.87% compared to an unmodified fiber fabric and an average areal density of 241.1g/m2。
Example 6
(1) Firstly, nano SiO with the grain diameter of 80nm2Adding the powder into PEG-200 (the molar mass is 200g/mol of the polyethanol), after the ultrasonic dispersion is uniform, adding B with the grain diameter of 1-10 mu m4C, continuing ultrasonic dispersion of the powder C, transferring the powder C after uniform dispersion to a vacuum drying oven for drying for 24 hours to remove bubbles, and obtaining a shear thickening protective liquid; wherein, the nano SiO220% of powder by mass, B4The mass fraction of the powder C is 10 percent, and the mass fraction of the PEG-200 is 70 percent;
(2) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and the shear thickening protective liquid according to the mass ratio of 10:7, and uniformly mixing to obtain diluted shear thickening protective liquid;
(3) respectively immersing the three layers of single-layer fiber fabrics (Twaron CT709) into diluted shear thickening protective liquid, then taking out and respectively placing the three layers of single-layer fiber fabrics in a constant temperature environment of 80 ℃ for vacuum drying for 1h, and superposing the three layers of modified single-layer fiber fabrics together after drying to obtain a modified three-layer composite fiber fabric; wherein the modified single-layer fiber fabric has an average mass increase of 32.91% compared with the unmodified single-layer fiber fabric, and the modified three-layer composite fiber fabric has an average areal density of 814.19g/m2。
Comparative example 1
(1) Firstly, nano SiO with the grain diameter of 80nm2Adding the powder into PEG-200 (the ethanol with the molar mass of 200 g/mol), adding SiC powder with the particle size of 1-10 mu m after uniform ultrasonic dispersion, continuing ultrasonic dispersion, transferring the powder into a vacuum drying oven for drying for 24 hours after uniform dispersion to remove bubbles, and obtaining shear thickening protective liquid; wherein, the nano SiO2The mass fraction of the powder is 20%, the mass fraction of the SiC powder is 10%, and the mass fraction of the PEG-200 is 70%;
(2) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and the shear thickening protective liquid according to the mass ratio of 10:7, and uniformly mixing to obtain diluted shear thickening protective liquid;
(3) immersing three layers of single-layer fiber fabrics (Twaron CT709) into diluted shear thickening protective liquid respectively, taking out and placing the three layers of single-layer fiber fabrics in the protective liquid respectivelyVacuum drying for 1h at the constant temperature of 80 ℃, and superposing the three layers of modified single-layer fiber fabrics together to obtain a modified three-layer composite fiber fabric; wherein the modified single-layer fiber fabric has an average mass increase of 34.01% compared with the unmodified single-layer fiber fabric, and the modified three-layer composite fiber fabric has an average areal density of 820.83g/m2。
Comparative example 2
(1) Mixing nanometer SiO with particle diameter of 80nm2Adding the powder into PEG-200 (polyethylene glycol with the molar mass of 200 g/mol), ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, transferring into a vacuum drying oven, and drying for 24h to remove bubbles to obtain a shear thickening protective liquid; wherein, the nano SiO2The mass fraction of the powder is 30 percent, and the mass fraction of the PEG-200 is 70 percent;
(2) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and the shear thickening protective liquid according to the mass ratio of 10:7, and uniformly mixing to obtain diluted shear thickening protective liquid;
(3) respectively immersing the three layers of single-layer fiber fabrics (Twaron CT709) into diluted shear thickening protective liquid, then taking out and respectively placing the three layers of single-layer fiber fabrics in a constant temperature environment of 80 ℃ for vacuum drying for 1h, and superposing the three layers of modified single-layer fiber fabrics together after drying to obtain a modified three-layer composite fiber fabric; wherein the modified single-layer fiber fabric has an average mass increase of 34.08% compared with the unmodified single-layer fiber fabric, and the modified three-layer composite fiber fabric has an average areal density of 821.32g/m2。
Four steel bolts with the diameter of 14mm are adopted to fixedly connect a pressing ring (used for pressing the modified fiber fabric and preventing the modified fiber fabric from excessively deforming), the modified fiber fabric (the modified fiber fabrics prepared in examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-2) and a steel plate (used for fixing the modified fiber fabric and preventing the modified fiber fabric from being separated from a target plate due to impact of bullets) with a central through hole in sequence to serve as the target plate; a bullet holder baffle (a steel plate with the thickness of 2-4 mm) is arranged in front of the target plate to block the bullet holder and the scattered gunpowder particles, so that the interference on the test of experimental parameters is prevented; the target plate is impacted by spherical pellets with the diameter of 13mm, the target points of the controlled pellets are the centers of the modified fiber fabrics, the distance between the pellets and the modified fiber fabrics is only required to be enough to enable the pellets to stably fly, and the results of ballistic performance tests on the modified fiber fabrics prepared in examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-2 are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1
At present, when the shear thickening protective liquid is adopted to modify a fiber fabric, most of ceramic powder in the adopted shear thickening protective liquid is SiC powder, the static mechanical property of the modified fiber fabric is mainly researched, and the ballistic property of the modified fiber fabric is not researched. As can be seen from table 1, after the fiber fabric is modified by the shear thickening protective solution containing SiC powder in comparative example 1, the ballistic performance limit is not improved, but becomes lower, which indicates that the SiC powder plays a side effect on improving the ballistic performance limit of the fiber fabric; however, in the case of the same solids content of the shear thickening guard, the use of a mixture containing B in example 64After the shear thickening protective liquid of the C powder modifies the fiber fabric, the ballistic limit performance of the fiber fabric is greatly improved, which shows that the B powder has high impact strength4The C powder plays a positive role in improving the ballistic limit performance of the fiber fabric.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A shear thickening protective fluid characterized by: the shear thickening protective liquid comprises the following components in percentage by mass based on 100% of the total mass of the shear thickening protective liquid: 65-75% of polyethylene glycol, 10-30% of nano silicon dioxide powder and 5-15% of boron carbide powder.
2. The shear thickening guard fluid according to claim 1, wherein: polyethylene glycol with the molar mass of 200g/mol or 400g/mol is selected.
3. The shear thickening guard fluid according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide powder is 40 nm-400 nm.
4. The shear thickening guard fluid according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the boron carbide powder is 1-10 μm.
5. Use of a shear thickening guard liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in a fibrous fabric.
6. Use of a shear thickening protective fluid according to claim 5 in a fibrous fabric, characterized in that: the specific steps of modifying the fiber fabric by using the shear thickening protective liquid are as follows,
(1) ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide powder and boron carbide powder in polyethylene glycol uniformly, and transferring the nano silicon dioxide powder and the boron carbide powder into a vacuum drying oven to remove bubbles to obtain a shear thickening protective liquid;
(2) adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the shear thickening protective liquid, and uniformly mixing to obtain diluted shear thickening protective liquid;
(3) the fiber fabric is immersed in the diluted shear thickening protective liquid, then taken out and dried to obtain the modified fiber fabric.
7. Use of a shear thickening protective fluid according to claim 6 in a fibrous fabric, characterized in that: and (3) mixing the absolute ethyl alcohol and the shear thickening protective liquid in the step (2) according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 1.
8. Use of a shear thickening protective fluid according to claim 6 in a fibrous fabric, characterized in that: compared with the unmodified single-layer fiber fabric, the modified single-layer fiber fabric has the mass increased by 20-45%.
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| CN112648885A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-13 | 北京理工大学 | Composite protective structure of fiber fabric |
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| CN113370620A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-10 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Polypropylene, glass fiber cloth, shear thickening fluid composite material and application thereof |
| CN113481715A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-10-08 | 北京理工大学 | Impregnation liquid for improving protective performance of fiber fabric and application thereof |
| CN113752657A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-12-07 | 国网上海市电力公司市南供电公司 | PVC/shear thickening fluid infiltration fabric composite material and preparation and application thereof |
| CN115595120A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-13 | 武汉纺织大学（Cn） | Shear thickening fluid and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN113481715A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-10-08 | 北京理工大学 | Impregnation liquid for improving protective performance of fiber fabric and application thereof |
| CN113370620A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-10 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Polypropylene, glass fiber cloth, shear thickening fluid composite material and application thereof |
| CN113752657A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-12-07 | 国网上海市电力公司市南供电公司 | PVC/shear thickening fluid infiltration fabric composite material and preparation and application thereof |
| CN113752657B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2024-01-23 | 国网上海市电力公司市南供电公司 | PVC/shear thickening fluid infiltration fabric composite material and preparation and application thereof |
| CN115595120A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-13 | 武汉纺织大学（Cn） | Shear thickening fluid and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115595120B (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2024-02-02 | 武汉纺织大学 | Shear thickening fluid and preparation method and application thereof |
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