CN111904667A

CN111904667A - Self-locking segmentation design method for maxillary defect prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN111904667A
Application number: CN202010935385.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄忠兵; 杨冰; 尹光福
Original assignee: Sichuan University
Current assignee: Sichuan University
Priority date: 2020-09-08
Filing date: 2020-09-08
Publication date: 2020-11-10

Abstract

A self-locking segmentation design method of a maxillary defect prosthesis. The invention relates to a mechanical self-locking personalized design method for a maxilla defect prosthesis bracket. The method comprises the steps of carrying out 2-6 pieces of division manufacturing on a prosthesis support, wherein the contact section of two adjacent prosthesis supports is designed by adopting an eagle falcon or omega bayonet structure; wherein the protruding section of the convex part of the prosthesis has an inclination angle of 50-85 degrees, the shape of the concave part is complementary with the convex part, and the inclination angle is also 50-85 degrees; thereby the integral bracket can be repaired and tightly fixed, and the slipping and loosening in the bone defect repairing process are avoided; thereby accelerating the regeneration and repair of the maxillary defects and the recovery of the oral cavity function of the patients.

Description

Self-locking segmentation design method for maxillary defect prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention relates to a self-locking segmentation design method of a maxilla defect restoration body.

Background

Maxilla defect is the most common clinical maxillofacial deformity, and accounts for more than 85% of the incidence rate of maxillofacial defects. In addition to directly causing facial deformity, the maxillary defects can cause serious dysfunction in chewing, swallowing, speech, etc. of patients. The maxillary bone defect is usually treated by adopting a designed and manufactured bone defect restoration body and implanting the maxillary bone defect part through an operation, so that the oral implant can realize mechanical support, and further, the facial appearance can be well recovered.

When a patient is clinically subjected to prosthesis construction, firstly, CT scanning of a computer tomography is required to be carried out on the maxilla of the patient; then reducing and obtaining the accurate shape of the maxillary bone defect part of the patient through the three-dimensional reconstruction of the image; manufacturing a restoration body which meets the application requirement of a patient according to the design; finally, the prosthesis is implanted into the defect part of the patient through clinical operation. However, the defect conditions of different patients are greatly different, and the shapes of the restorations manufactured by aiming at different patients are also greatly different; and the difficulty that the prosthesis cannot be smoothly implanted into the defect part in a whole block due to the shape irregularity of the maxillary defects also occurs. Therefore, how to manufacture the prosthesis support which is accurately inosculated with the maxillary defect and can be implanted into the successful defect is a great problem in clinic at present.

Although the above problems can be solved by simply dividing the prosthesis into several pieces and implanting the pieces separately, the patient's oral cavity movement may cause slippage between the divided pieces during the repair process, thereby affecting the repair effect of the patient's bone defect and the recovery of the appearance, and greatly prolonging the recovery of the patient's oral dysfunction.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems in clinic, and provides a mechanical self-locking segmentation design for a prosthesis by considering the friction coefficient of a prosthesis material and the jaw bone stress condition of a patient in oral cavity movement, so that the segmentation block of the prosthesis has the advantages of convenience in assembly and prevention of slippage of the prosthesis from different directions.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: dividing the prosthesis into 2-4 blocks, designing and manufacturing the shapes of hawk or omega-type buckles between two adjacent blocks, and tightly splicing and assembling to prevent the prosthesis from loosening and sliding along the surface; the convex part of the prosthesis has a certain inclined angle on the raised section, and the shape of the concave part is complementary with the inclined angle, so that the whole prosthesis can realize mechanical close self-locking along the direction vertical to the surface.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the junction of two adjacent patches of the prosthesis of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional design of a convex segment of the prosthesis of the present invention.

Detailed Description

1. According to the difference of maxillary defect shapes of different patients, the prosthesis is designed and divided into 2-6 blocks on the premise of ensuring the smooth implantation of the prosthesis in the operation.

2. The division principle is to ensure that the outer edge of the prosthesis can be smoothly aligned with the shape of the defect edge of the patient, and the division surface is positioned near the operation incision so as to avoid dividing the inner concave part of the prosthesis.

3. The radian of each part on the surface of the prosthesis is consistent with the corresponding radian of the maxilla under the health condition of a patient.

4. As shown in figure 1, an eagle falcon or omega-shaped partition design is adopted between two adjacent prostheses.

5. The contact surfaces of two segmentation blocks of the prosthesis are 1 groove-shaped in total, and the inclination angle of each convex part and the bottom surface is 50-85 degrees; the inclination angle can avoid the restoration stress loosening caused by the oral activity and the fracture of the depressed part caused by the material degradation and the bone tissue regeneration of the restoration while ensuring the realization of mechanical self-locking.

6. The ratio of the height to the length of the raised part in fig. 1 is kept between 0.2 and 0.4, so that stress fracture and degradation fracture of the raised part are avoided.

In fig. 2, the thin necks of the convex parts of the repair body segments have a certain inclination angle, the inclination angle b is also 50-85 degrees, and the shapes of the concave parts of the repair body segments are complementary with the convex parts of the corresponding segments, so that the combination body can realize mechanical tight self-locking along the direction vertical to the surface.

7. And each split body is prepared by adopting a polymer melting three-dimensional printing method, so that better integral mechanical self-locking can be obtained.

8. The polylactic acid and the polycaprolactone are mixed, and the mass ratio of the polylactic acid to the polycaprolactone is 1/1, so that better bone defect repair can be obtained.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a to the auto-lock segmentation design of defective prosthesis support of maxilla which characterized in that: aiming at the difference of the shapes of the repaired bodies of different patients, the shape and the surface of the repaired body which are the same as the real maxillary bone defect of the patient are designed and manufactured; then the prosthesis is divided, each cutting surface is designed into an hawk tenon or omega bayonet structure, and the prosthesis is assembled before surgical implantation, so that the prosthesis is self-locked and tightly fixed.

2. The self-locking split design of claim 1, wherein: the prosthesis is designed and divided into 2-6 pieces to ensure that the outer edge of the prosthesis can be smoothly aligned with the shape of the maxillary defect edge of the patient, and the dividing surface is positioned near the operation incision to avoid dividing the concave part of the prosthesis.

3. The self-locking split design of claim 1, wherein: the convex section of the convex dividing block of the designed prosthesis dividing block has an external inclination angle of 50-85 degrees, and the shape of the concave dividing block also has a complementary internal inclination angle of 50-85 degrees, so as to ensure that the prosthesis can realize mechanical tight self-locking in the direction vertical to the prosthesis after being assembled.

4. The self-locking split design of claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the height to the length of the convex part of the prosthesis segmentation block is kept between 0.2 and 0.4 so as to avoid stress deformation and degradation fracture at the convex part.

5. The self-locking split design of claim 1, wherein: and each partition block of the prosthesis is manufactured into a model melt casting method or a three-dimensional printing method.

6. The self-locking split design of claim 1, wherein: each partition block of the prosthesis is prepared from polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, a lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, a lactic acid-caprolactone copolymer or a mixture of polycaprolactone and polylactic acid, wherein the mass ratio of the two components of the copolymer or the mixture is 1/1-2.