CN111834746B - Dual-polarization radio frequency front-end system - Google Patents
Dual-polarization radio frequency front-end system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111834746B CN111834746B CN202010978391.XA CN202010978391A CN111834746B CN 111834746 B CN111834746 B CN 111834746B CN 202010978391 A CN202010978391 A CN 202010978391A CN 111834746 B CN111834746 B CN 111834746B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
- H01Q3/38—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters the phase-shifters being digital
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
- H01Q3/38—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters the phase-shifters being digital
- H01Q3/385—Scan control logics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
Abstract
The utility model relates to a radar and communication field, specific dual polarization radio frequency front-end system that possesses switch switching and polarization switching function that says so, it includes a set of N at least passageway modules, every passageway module includes the ADC respectively, the mixer, numerical control phase shift attenuation unit, the wave control system, the structure is divided to the merit, power control system, a plurality of TR chips and dual polarization antenna radiating element, every TR chip all disposes receiving and dispatching change-over switch circuit, single radiating element is two-point feed in the dual polarization antenna array, every radiating element all links to each other with the polarization switch port of TR chip. The dual-polarized antenna is adopted in the phased antenna array, a system architecture is provided, the wave beam control of the phased antenna array is realized through a wave control system, the advantages of large capacity, strong anti-interference capability and high isolation degree between the polarized antennas of the dual-polarized antenna system are exerted, the miniaturization, the light weight and the low cost of the system are promoted, and the application of the system in the civil field is widened.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of radar and communication, in particular to a dual-polarization phased antenna array radio frequency front-end system with switch switching and polarization switching functions.
Background
Phased antenna arrays generally refer to communication systems that use multiple antenna elements to transmit and receive RF signals, with adjustments to different main lobe beams being achieved by changing the phase configuration of different channel signals within the array. Compared with a single antenna system, the phased antenna array has many advantages of high gain, controllable direction and the like. With the gradual miniaturization and light weight of the phased array system, the phased array system is more and more widely applied to civil consumer intelligent equipment such as vehicle automatic driving, vehicle collision avoidance systems, vehicle-mounted radar receiving and transmitting systems, geographic exploration measurement and intelligent home. Meanwhile, the application in the civil field further requires the development of the phased array system towards miniaturization, low cost, high precision and high channel capacity.
In a mobile communication system, both multipath fading and co-channel interference degrade the signal-to-noise ratio of the system, thereby affecting the channel capacity. The solution that is widely studied at present is to use a polarization diversity technique and a dual-polarized antenna in a phased array system. The dual-polarized antenna refers to a set of antenna system that simultaneously comprises two polarized antennas (generally called a vertical polarized antenna V and a horizontal polarized antenna H), wherein the two polarized antennas can independently transmit and receive polarized electromagnetic waves in corresponding directions, and the directions of the two polarized electromagnetic waves are perpendicular to each other. The polarization diversity technology can effectively utilize the space freedom degree of electromagnetic waves, improve the utilization rate of frequency spectrum and the anti-interference capability of a system, and simultaneously increase the channel capacity, so that the system performance is greatly improved. Meanwhile, compared with space diversity, the antenna size arrangement realized by the polarization diversity technology is more compact, the space utilization rate is higher, and the development trend of light-weight miniaturization and portability is facilitated. Under the condition of unchanged frequency, the dual-polarized antenna is a better way for improving the system capacity. The vertically polarized electromagnetic wave can not be received by the horizontally polarized antenna and vice versa, and the anti-interference capability and the polarization isolation degree of the dual polarization are greatly increased due to the characteristic.
However, the current dual-polarized antenna has only relevant literature demonstration on how to realize the antenna radiation unit, and the application of the antenna to the system is very little. In order to apply the dual-polarized antenna to a radio frequency system, the advantage of the dual-polarized antenna is exerted, and a receiving front end of the dual-polarized antenna needs to be subjected to targeted optimization design, so that the implementation form of the dual-polarized antenna system is discussed from the perspective of a system architecture.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the application problem of the dual-polarized antenna in a radio frequency front-end system, the dual-polarized antenna is adopted in a phased antenna array, a system architecture corresponding to the dual-polarized antenna is provided, the wave beam control of the phased antenna array is realized through a wave control system, the advantages of large capacity, strong anti-interference capability and high isolation degree between the polarized antennas of the dual-polarized antenna system are exerted, the system performance is further optimized, the miniaturization, light weight and low cost of the system are promoted, and the application of the dual-polarized antenna in the civil field is widened.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a dual-polarized radio frequency front-end system comprises at least a group of N channel modules, each channel module comprises an ADC (analog-digital converter), a frequency mixer, a numerical control phase-shifting attenuation unit, a wave control system, a power division structure, a power supply control system, a plurality of TR chips and a dual-polarized antenna radiation unit, the ADC is connected with a mixer, the mixer is connected with a numerical control phase-shifting attenuation unit and a wave control system, the numerical control phase shift attenuation unit is connected with a power division structure, the power division structure is connected with a plurality of TR chips, each TR chip is connected with a power control system and a phased array antenna radiation unit, each TR chip is provided with a receiving and transmitting switching circuit, each radiation unit in the dual-polarized antenna array is fed with double points, and each radiation unit is connected with a polarization switch port of the dual-polarization TR chip corresponding to the horizontal polarization antenna H and the vertical polarization antenna V.
A set of channel structures:
further, the TR chip is a dual-polarization TR chip, the transmit-receive switch circuit is a polarization transmit-receive switch circuit, and the dual-polarization TR chip includes a transmit input port Tx, a power amplifier PA connected to the transmit input port Tx, a receive output port Rx, and a low noise amplifier LNA connected to the receive output port Rx, in addition to the switch circuit. The polarization receiving and transmitting switch circuit is respectively communicated with the output end of the power amplifier PA and the input end of the low noise amplifier LNA; and the polarization receiving and transmitting switch circuit is respectively connected with the antenna V and the antenna H of a single radiation unit in the dual-polarization antenna array through the port V and the port H.
The structures of the two groups are as follows:
further, the antenna comprises two groups of N channel modules, each channel is fixedly connected with a polarized antenna, the TR chip is a single-polarized TR chip, the antenna H and the antenna V in each radiation unit are respectively and fixedly connected with 1 single-polarized TR chip in the two groups of channel modules, the single-polarized TR chip comprises a transmission input port Tx, a power amplifier PA connected with the transmission input port Tx, a receiving output port Rx, a low noise amplifier LNA connected with the receiving output port Rx and a polarized port COM, the polarized port is connected with a corresponding feed point of the antenna when the antenna is used, and the antenna V and the antenna H of each radiation unit are respectively connected with the polarized port COM of the single-polarized TR chips in the two groups of different channel modules.
General structural description of the two schemes:
furthermore, the transmitting part of each channel module is provided with 1 power divider, a plurality of TR chips are respectively connected with the output port of the power divider, and the common end of the power divider is sequentially connected with a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter and a frequency mixer to form a transmitting subunit; the receiving part of the channel module is provided with 1 combiner, a plurality of TR chips are respectively connected with the input port of the combiner, and the common end of the combiner is sequentially connected with a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter and a frequency mixer to form a receiving subunit; the transmitting subunit and the receiving subunit are connected with the ADC through a single-pole double-throw switch.
Furthermore, the power control system has the function of controlling the work of the TR chip amplifier and the work state switching of the switch, only the corresponding amplifier works in the transmitting and receiving states by controlling the power-on and the power-off of the amplifier power supply, and the rest amplifiers are in the power-off state, so that the direct current power consumption and the heating of the system are reduced; the switch of receiving and transmitting and the switch of the polarized antenna are realized by controlling the on and off of the switch;
further, the dual-polarized antenna array includes N radiating elements, each radiating element is composed of 1 horizontal polarized antenna H and 1 vertical polarized antenna V, both of which are linear polarized antennas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention aims to solve the application problem of a dual-polarized antenna in a radio frequency front-end system, adopts the dual-polarized antenna in a phased antenna array, simultaneously provides a system architecture corresponding to the dual-polarized antenna, realizes the beam control of the phased antenna array through a wave control system, exerts the advantages of large capacity, strong anti-interference capability and high isolation between the polarized antennas of the dual-polarized antenna system, further optimizes the system performance, promotes the miniaturization, light weight and low cost of the system, and widens the application of the dual-polarized antenna in the civil field.
2. The dual-polarized antenna is introduced into the phased array system, which is equivalent to the function that one set of dual-polarized antenna is used for realizing the function which can be realized by two sets of antennas in the past, thereby greatly reducing the size of the antenna and the cost of the system.
3. The system framework adaptive to the dual-polarized antenna is provided, the space scanning is realized in an electric scanning mode by configuring the receiving and transmitting switching and phase information of different channels, and the defects of long mechanical scanning switching time, large volume and weight of a mechanical system, high cost and the like are overcome.
4. Through the setting of the wave control system, the phased array antenna can be configured with single wave beams to realize the functions of long-distance communication, detection and the like, and can also be configured with different polarized wave beams to realize polarized multi-wave beams and expand the application range of a dual-polarized antenna radio frequency system.
5. The core problem that this application was solved for how to realize adopting dual polarized antenna's multi-beam control radio frequency front end, this patent main content is multichannel TR module and dual polarized antenna's being connected and control, the purpose is for realizing the dual polarized multi-beam, mainly discuss the circuit framework of dual polarized multi-beam radio frequency front end, the radio frequency front end phase control that this patent realized then accomplishes through the wave control system, and this patent core content is the circuit framework of TR passageway and dual polarized antenna, through the accurate control of wave control system to different channel signal phase place and amplitude, realize the dual polarized multi-beam.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an RF front-end circuit of a dual-polarized antenna according to embodiment 1
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual-polarization TR chip port structure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an rf front-end circuit of a dual-polarized antenna according to embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-polarized TR chip port structure.
Detailed Description
Aside from the preferred embodiment or embodiments disclosed below, this invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or being carried out in various ways. It is to be understood, therefore, that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangements of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. If only one embodiment is described herein, the claims hereof are not to be limited to that embodiment. Furthermore, the claims hereof are not to be read restrictively unless there is clear and convincing evidence manifesting a certain exclusion, restriction, or disclaimer.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 is a dual-polarized antenna rf front-end system capable of implementing transmit-receive switching and polarization switching for each channel, and a schematic diagram thereof is shown in fig. 1. The whole system is composed of N channel modules, and each channel module comprises a dual-polarized antenna radiation unit, a polarization receiving and transmitting switch circuit, a TR chip, a power division structure, a numerical control phase-shifting attenuation unit, a frequency mixer, a wave control system, an ADC and the like. And each single radiating element in the antenna array is fed by double points (corresponding to a horizontal polarization antenna H and a vertical polarization antenna V) and is correspondingly connected with two output ports of the TR chip. Each radiating element has a TR chip connected to it. The TR chip comprises a transmitting input port Tx, a power amplifier PA, a receiving output port Rx, a low-noise amplifier LNA and a polarization receiving and transmitting switch circuit, wherein the polarization receiving and transmitting switch circuit realizes the connection of different channels and different feed ports of the dual-polarized antenna through the switching of a switch. A 1-division-4-power divider is configured at a transmitting input port Tx of 4 TR chips, and a transmitting subunit is formed by sequentially connecting a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter and a frequency mixer behind the power divider; similarly, a 4-in-1 combiner is configured at the receiving output port Rx of the 4 TR chips, and a receiving subunit is formed by sequentially connecting a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter and a frequency mixer after the combiner. The transmitting subunit and the receiving subunit are connected with the ADC through a single-pole double-throw switch.
The TR chip in this embodiment is a dual-polarization TR, and its schematic structural diagram is shown in fig. 2, where the radio frequency port includes a transmission input port Tx, a reception output port Rx, a polarized radio frequency port H, and a polarized radio frequency port V, the polarized port is connected to a corresponding feed point of the antenna when in use, the low noise amplifier LNA and the power amplifier PA supply power separately, and the reception or transmission amplifier can be powered on individually as needed when in use, and the amplifier that does not operate is in a power-off state.
The polarization switch circuit mainly functions to connect Tx and Rx channels to the antenna H and the antenna V, for example, to connect Tx to the antenna H (when the Rx receive switch and the polarization switch connected to the antenna V are in an off state) or to connect Tx to the antenna V (when the Rx receive switch and the polarization switch connected to the antenna H are in an off state) by switching; connecting Rx with the antenna V (when the Tx transmit switch and the polarization switch to which the antenna H is connected are in an off state) or connecting Rx with the antenna H (when the Tx transmit switch and the polarization switch to which the antenna V is connected are in an off state);
the wave control system has the main functions of regulating and controlling the phase and amplitude of signals so as to realize the purpose of phased array electrical scanning;
the main function of the power supply control system is to control the work of the amplifier and the work state switching of the switch. By controlling the power-on and power-off of the power supply of the amplifier, only the corresponding amplifier works in the transmitting and receiving states, and the rest amplifiers are in the power-off state, so that the direct-current power consumption and the heating of the system are reduced; the switch of receiving and transmitting and the switch of the polarized antenna are realized by controlling the on and off of the switch;
the dual-polarized antenna array comprises N radiating elements, each radiating element is composed of a horizontal polarized antenna H and a vertical polarized antenna V, and the horizontal polarized antenna H and the vertical polarized antenna V are both linear polarized antennas. The radiating elements are double-point fed (corresponding to a horizontally polarized antenna H and a vertically polarized antenna V).
In this embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna array operates in a time-sharing manner. In a transmitting channel, signals are coupled to an up-conversion mixer from an ADC (analog to digital converter), after phase information is configured after the signals pass through a digital phase-shifting attenuation unit under the control of a wave control system, the signals are divided into 4 paths of signals by a power divider and enter 4 groups of TR chips, a TR1 chip Tx connecting antenna H, TR3 and a TR2 chip Tx connecting antenna V are connected with the TR4 chip Tx, and the 4 paths of signals are coupled to different polarized antennas through correspondingly connected switching circuits, so that the polarized transmission of the signals is realized.
In a receiving channel, after signals are received from corresponding polarized antennas of 4 antenna units, TR1 and TR2 chips Rx are configured to be connected with an antenna H, TR3 and a TR4 chip Rx to be connected with an antenna V, so that the received signals are coupled to the receiving channels of the 4 TR chips, then are synthesized by a 4-in-1 combiner, enter a down converter after passing through a numerical control attenuation phase shifting unit, and are input to an ADC after being converted into low-frequency signals by a frequency converter, and the signals are received.
The advantage of this embodiment is that each receiving and transmitting channel can be connected to a polarized antenna H or a polarized antenna V, and the number and polarization direction of the beams can be flexibly configured, thereby widening the application range of the system.
Example 2
Embodiment 2 is a dual-polarized antenna radio-frequency front-end system in which each channel is fixedly connected with a certain polarized antenna, and the switch only implements transceiving switching, and a schematic diagram of the system is shown in fig. 3. Similar to embodiment 1, the whole system is composed of 2 × N channel modules (N vertical polarization channel modules and N horizontal polarization channel modules), and each channel module includes a dual-polarization antenna radiation unit, a transmit-receive switch circuit, a TR chip, a power division structure, a numerical control phase-shift attenuation unit, a mixer, a wave control system, an ADC, and the like. And each single radiating element in the antenna array is fed by double points (corresponding to a horizontal polarized antenna H and a vertical polarized antenna V), and the antenna H and the antenna V are respectively and fixedly connected with 1 TR chip. The TR chip comprises a transmitting input port Tx, a power amplifier PA, a receiving output port Rx, a low noise amplifier LNA and a transmitting-receiving switching switch circuit, wherein the transmitting-receiving switching switch circuit realizes the transmitting-receiving switching of the TR chip through the switching of the switch. A 1-to-4 power divider is configured at each transmitting input port Tx of 4 same TR chips, and a transmitting subunit is formed by sequentially connecting a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter and a frequency mixer behind the power divider; similarly, a 4-in-1 combiner is configured at the receiving output port Rx of each 4 TR chips, and a receiving subunit is formed by sequentially connecting a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter and a frequency mixer after the combiner. The transmitting subunit and the receiving subunit are connected with the ADC through a single-pole double-throw switch.
The TR chip in this embodiment is a single-polarized TR, and its structural schematic diagram is shown in fig. 4, where the radio frequency port has a transmitting input port Tx, a receiving output port Rx, and a common port COM, and when in use, the common port is connected to a corresponding feed point of the antenna, and 1 radiation unit is connected to two TR chips.
The receiving and transmitting switch circuit mainly has the function of realizing the connection between the Tx or Rx channel and the polarized antenna by controlling the on and off of the receiving and transmitting switch;
the wave control system has the main functions of regulating and controlling the phase and amplitude of signals so as to achieve the purpose of phased array electrical scanning;
the main functions of the power supply control system are to control the power supply of the amplifier and the working state switching of the switch: by controlling the power-on and power-off of the power supply of the amplifier, only the corresponding amplifier works in the transmitting and receiving states, and the rest amplifiers are in the power-off state, so that the direct-current power consumption and the heating of the system are reduced; the switch-on and switch-off of the switch are controlled to realize the switching between receiving and transmitting;
the dual-polarized antenna array comprises N antenna units, each antenna unit is composed of a horizontal polarized antenna H and a vertical polarized antenna V, and the horizontal polarized antenna H and the vertical polarized antenna V are both linear polarized antennas. The radiating elements are double-point fed (corresponding to a horizontally polarized antenna H and a vertically polarized antenna V).
In this embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna array operates simultaneously. In a transmitting channel, a signal is coupled to an up-conversion mixer from an ADC (analog to digital converter), after the signal is subjected to configuration of phase information by a digital phase-shift attenuation unit under the control of a wave control system, the signal is divided into 4 paths of signals by a power divider, the signals enter the transmitting channels of 4 groups of TR chips, and then the signals are coupled to a connected polarized antenna through a switch.
In a receiving channel, the TR is controlled to work in a receiving state by a switch, signals are received from corresponding polarized antennas of 4 radiation units, coupled to a receiving low-noise amplifier by the switch, the amplified signals are synthesized by a 4-in-1 combiner, enter a down converter after passing through a numerical control attenuation phase-shifting unit, and are converted into low-frequency signals by a frequency converter and then input into an ADC (analog to digital converter), so that the signals are received.
The characteristic of this embodiment is that TR chip and polarized antenna fixed connection, two TR chips are connected to every radiating element. The structure omits a polarization switch, so that the power loss of a transmitting link can be reduced, and the transmitting power of the antenna is improved; meanwhile, the input loss of a receiving link is reduced, the noise of the system is effectively reduced, and the sensitivity of the system is improved.
Example 3
A dual-polarized radio frequency front-end system comprises at least one group of N channel modules, wherein each channel module comprises an ADC (analog-digital converter), a frequency mixer, a numerical control phase-shifting attenuation unit, a wave control system, a power division structure, a power supply control system, a plurality of TR chips and a dual-polarized antenna radiation unit, each channel of the plurality of TR channels comprises a plurality of TR chips, the number of the TR chips is 4 as shown in figure 1, but the whole circuit architecture is not limited to 4, and other numbers such as 2 and 8 are possible, the ADC is connected with the frequency mixer, the frequency mixer is connected with the numerical control phase-shifting attenuation unit and the wave control system, the numerical control phase-shifting attenuation unit is connected with the power division structure, the power division structure is connected with the plurality of TR chips, each TR chip is connected with the power supply control system and the phased array antenna radiation unit, and each TR chip is provided with a receiving and transmitting switch circuit, and each radiating element in the dual-polarized antenna array is fed by two points and corresponds to the horizontal polarized antenna H and the vertical polarized antenna V, and each radiating element is connected with a polarization switch port of the dual-polarized TR chip.
A set of channel structures: the dual-polarization TR chip comprises a transmitting input port Tx, a power amplifier PA connected with the transmitting input port Tx, a receiving output port Rx and a low noise amplifier LNA connected with the receiving output port Rx. The polarization receiving and transmitting switch circuit is respectively communicated with the output end of the power amplifier PA and the input end of the low noise amplifier LNA; and the polarization receiving and transmitting switch circuit is respectively connected with the antenna V and the antenna H of a single radiation unit in the dual-polarization antenna array through the port V and the port H.
The structures of the two groups are as follows: the antenna comprises two groups of N channel modules, wherein each channel is fixedly connected with a polarized antenna, the TR chip is a single-polarized TR chip, the antenna H and the antenna V in each radiation unit are respectively and fixedly connected with 1 single-polarized TR chip in the two groups of channel modules, the single-polarized TR chip comprises a transmission input port Tx, a power amplifier PA connected with the transmission input port Tx, a receiving output port Rx, a low noise amplifier LNA connected with the receiving output port Rx and a polarized port COM, the polarized port is connected with a corresponding feed point of the antenna when in use, and the antenna V and the antenna H of each radiation unit are respectively connected with the polarized port COM of the single-polarized TR chips in two groups of different channel modules.
Based on the two schemes, the transmitting part of each channel module is provided with 1 power divider, a plurality of TR chips are respectively connected with the output ports of the power dividers, and the common end of the power dividers is sequentially connected with a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter and a frequency mixer to form a transmitting subunit; the receiving part of the channel module is provided with 1 combiner, a plurality of TR chips are respectively connected with the input port of the combiner, and the common end of the combiner is sequentially connected with a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter and a frequency mixer to form a receiving subunit; the transmitting subunit and the receiving subunit are connected with the ADC through a single-pole double-throw switch.
The power supply control system has the functions of controlling the work of the amplifier and the work state switching of the switch, only corresponding amplifiers work in the transmitting and receiving states by controlling the power-on and the power-off of the power supply of the amplifier, and the rest amplifiers are in the power-off state, so that the direct current power consumption and the heating of the system are reduced; the switch of receiving and transmitting and the switch of the polarized antenna are realized by controlling the on and off of the switch;
the dual-polarized antenna array comprises N radiating elements, each radiating element is composed of 1 horizontal polarized antenna H and 1 vertical polarized antenna V, and the two are linear polarized antennas.
Claims (4)
1. A dual-polarized radio frequency front-end system, characterized by: the dual-polarization antenna comprises at least one group of N channel modules, wherein each channel module comprises an ADC (analog to digital converter), a frequency mixer, a numerical control phase-shifting attenuation unit, a wave control system, a power division structure, a power supply control system, a plurality of TR (transmitter-receiver) chips and dual-polarization antenna radiation units, the ADC is connected with the frequency mixer, the frequency mixer is connected with the numerical control phase-shifting attenuation unit and the wave control system, the numerical control phase-shifting attenuation unit is connected with the power division structure, the power division structure is connected with the plurality of TR chips, each TR chip is connected with the power supply control system and the dual-polarization antenna radiation units, each TR chip is provided with a transmitting-receiving switching switch circuit, each radiation unit in a dual-polarization antenna array is fed with double points, and each radiation unit is;
the TR chip is a dual-polarization TR chip, the receiving and transmitting switch circuit is a polarization receiving and transmitting switch circuit, and the dual-polarization TR chip comprises a transmitting input port Tx, a power amplifier PA connected with the transmitting input port Tx, a receiving output port Rx and a low-noise amplifier LNA connected with the receiving output port Rx besides the switch circuit; the polarization receiving and transmitting switch circuit is respectively communicated with the output end of the power amplifier PA and the input end of the low noise amplifier LNA; the polarization receiving and transmitting switch circuit is respectively connected with an antenna V and an antenna H of a single radiation unit in the dual-polarization antenna array through a port V and a port H;
or
The antenna comprises two groups of N channel modules, wherein each channel is fixedly connected with a polarized antenna, the TR chip is a single-polarized TR chip, the antenna H and the antenna V in each radiation unit are respectively and fixedly connected with 1 single-polarized TR chip in the two groups of channel modules, the single-polarized TR chip comprises a transmission input port Tx, a power amplifier PA connected with the transmission input port Tx, a receiving output port Rx, a low noise amplifier LNA connected with the receiving output port Rx and a polarized port COM, the polarized port is connected with a corresponding feed point of the antenna when in use, and the antenna V and the antenna H of each radiation unit are respectively connected with the polarized port COM of the single-polarized TR chips in two groups of different channel modules.
2. A dual polarized radio frequency front end system according to claim 1, wherein: the power control system controls the work of the amplifier in the TR chip and the work state switching of the switch, and realizes the effect that only the corresponding amplifier works in the transmitting and receiving states and the rest are in the power-off state by controlling the power supply of the amplifier to be powered on and powered off; the switching of receiving and transmitting and the switching of a polarized antenna are realized by controlling the on and off of a receiving and transmitting switching switch circuit in the TR chip.
3. A dual polarized radio frequency front end system according to claim 1, wherein: the transmitting part of each channel module is provided with 1 power divider, a plurality of TR chips are respectively connected with the output port of the power divider, and the common end of the power divider is sequentially connected with a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter and a frequency mixer to form a transmitting subunit; the receiving part of the channel module is provided with 1 combiner, a plurality of TR chips are respectively connected with the input port of the combiner, and the common end of the combiner is sequentially connected with a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter and a frequency mixer to form a receiving subunit; the transmitting subunit and the receiving subunit are connected with the ADC through a single-pole double-throw switch.
4. A dual polarized radio frequency front end system according to claim 1, wherein: the dual-polarized antenna array comprises N radiating elements, each radiating element is composed of 1 horizontal polarized antenna H and 1 vertical polarized antenna V, and the two are linear polarized antennas.
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| CN112505707B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-01 | 成都远望探测技术有限公司 | X-waveband dual-polarization rapid scanning phased array weather radar |
| CN113037318B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2023-03-14 | 成都老鹰信息技术有限公司 | Low-cost miniaturized communication-in-motion antenna and phased array system based on same |
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| CN114094319B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-04-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所 | Sparse array structure and array system of unit-level digital microsystem antenna |
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