CN111813531B - Clock scheduling method and system for operating system - Google Patents
Clock scheduling method and system for operating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111813531B CN111813531B CN202010894521.1A CN202010894521A CN111813531B CN 111813531 B CN111813531 B CN 111813531B CN 202010894521 A CN202010894521 A CN 202010894521A CN 111813531 B CN111813531 B CN 111813531B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
- G06F9/48—Program initiating; Program switching, e.g. by interrupt
- G06F9/4806—Task transfer initiation or dispatching
- G06F9/4812—Task transfer initiation or dispatching by interrupt, e.g. masked
- G06F9/4825—Interrupt from clock, e.g. time of day
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Abstract
The invention discloses a clock scheduling method and a system of an operating system, wherein when the active scheduling of the current running process of the operating system of equipment is determined, and the priority of the current running process is determined to be higher than or equal to the set attention priority, the clock interrupt is directly triggered to execute an interrupt event to be run when the current time of the operating system of the equipment is judged to be greater than the sum of the last clock interrupt triggering time and the clock interrupt scheduling period time of the operating system of the equipment. It can be seen that, in order to prevent frequent determination and triggering of the clock interrupt and prevent the performance of the operating system of the device from being reduced, the above scheme is executed only when the priority of the currently running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority of triggering the clock interrupt. Therefore, the method and the system provided by the embodiment of the invention can accurately determine the time for triggering the clock interrupt and improve the real-time performance of real-time process switching.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of operating system execution technology of devices, and in particular, to a method and a system for operating system clock scheduling.
Background
Devices such as computers or embedded devices are generally composed of a hardware portion and a software portion, and are devices capable of independently operating and performing various functions. The software part in the device comprises a software running environment and an operating system thereof, and the hardware part comprises hardware units such as a processor, a memory, a communication module and the like. The equipment with the structure is widely applied to the aspects of daily life, industrial control, aerospace, military and the like.
Generally, a device employs an open-source operating system, such as a Linux system, to manage and control hardware and software resources in the device. The operating system of the device realizes the running of the software program in a process mode, namely, the software program is called into the set process, and the Central Processing Unit (CPU) of the device schedules the process of the operating system under the interrupt calling in a clock interrupt mode.
In order to control the CPU of the device to execute processes and interrupt events in order, a clock subsystem needs to be set in the operating system of the device, where the clock subsystem triggers clock interrupt periodically or aperiodically, so as to implement functions of global time management, process scheduling, process statistics, and the like of the device.
The clock subsystem in the device schedules the clock, and there are various ways of triggering the clock interrupt, and the way of triggering the clock interrupt is described by taking the Linux system as an example of the operating system of the device.
The first mode is a PERIODIC scheduling mode (HZ _ PERIODIC), a clock scheduling period is set, namely a Hertz (HZ) parameter of clock scheduling is set, and clock interruption is triggered periodically according to the clock scheduling period;
the second mode, the IDLE scheduling mode (NO _ HZ _ IDLE), stops triggering clock interrupts when the CPU of the device is in an IDLE state or an off state; when a CPU of the equipment is in a running state, periodically triggering clock interruption according to a set clock scheduling period;
the third mode is a scheduling mode (NO _ HZ _ FULL) when a single process runs, when a CPU in the equipment is in an idle state or a closed state, or only one process is currently run by a Linux system of the equipment, or the Linux system of the equipment adopts a first-in first-out (FIFO) scheduling mechanism to schedule the process, the clock interruption is stopped being triggered; in the cases of excluding the above cases, the clock interrupt is triggered periodically according to the set clock scheduling period.
It can be seen that the clock scheduling method adopted by the operating system of the device for triggering the clock interrupt may be mainly divided into a periodic clock scheduling method and an aperiodic clock scheduling method, where the first method adopts the periodic clock scheduling method, and the second method and the third method adopt the aperiodic clock scheduling method. Compared with the periodic clock scheduling mode, the non-periodic clock scheduling mode mainly reduces the interference to the running process of the operating system of the equipment, and reduces the frequency of the CPU of the scheduling equipment for executing the process under the condition of low load, thereby reducing the power consumption of the CPU, and the application is wider.
In order to ensure the real-time performance of the process in the operating system of the device, a non-periodic clock scheduling mode is adopted to trigger clock interruption, a CPU of the control device quits or suspends the current running process, and the time interval for triggering the clock interruption when the interrupt event to be run is switched and operated becomes a key factor for influencing the process switching speed. This is because, after the clock interrupt is triggered, switching of the real-time process cannot be realized until the interrupt event to be executed corresponding to the CPU of the control device is completed. That is, before the interrupt event to be executed corresponding to the clock interrupt completes running, the CPU of the device cannot respond to the exit of the running process or the active scheduling request of the running process in the operating system of the device.
In the non-periodic clock scheduling case, the interval between triggering two clock interrupts may be longer than the interval of the periodic clock scheduling. The interval time between two clock interrupts is longer, the running time of an interrupt event to be run in the equipment is also longer, and further the time that the real-time process can not be switched is also longer, so that the real-time performance of an operating system of the equipment is poor.
Under the condition of periodic clock scheduling, the triggering of clock interruption is more frequent, and the probability of influencing the real-time process switching of an operating system of the equipment is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for scheduling an operating system clock, where the method can accurately determine the time for triggering clock interrupt, and improve the real-time performance of real-time process switching.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an operating system clock scheduling system, which can accurately determine the time for triggering the clock interrupt and improve the real-time performance of real-time process switching.
The embodiment of the invention provides a clock scheduling method of an operating system, which comprises the following steps:
determining active scheduling of a current running process of an operating system of equipment;
and when the priority of the current running process is determined to be higher than or equal to the set attention priority, judging that the current time of the operating system of the equipment is greater than the sum of the last clock interrupt triggering time of the operating system of the equipment and the set clock interrupt scheduling cycle time, immediately triggering clock interrupt, and executing an interrupt event to be run.
Preferably, the determining that the currently running process of the operating system of the device is actively scheduled comprises:
determining that the current running process of the operating system of the device actively gives up occupation of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) of the device.
Preferably, before the determining that the priority of the currently running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority, the method further includes:
judging whether the priority of the current running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority, if so, executing the subsequent judging step; if not, triggering clock interruption according to the triggering time of the clock interruption, and controlling a CPU of the equipment to execute the interruption event to be operated.
Preferably, the operating system of the device is a Linux system.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides an operating system clock scheduling system, including: a judging unit and a trigger clock interrupt unit, wherein,
the judging unit is used for determining active scheduling of a current running process of an operating system of the equipment; when the priority of the current running process is determined to be higher than or equal to the set attention priority, judging that the current time of the operating system is larger than the sum of the last clock interrupt triggering time of the operating system of the equipment and the set clock interrupt scheduling cycle time, and immediately controlling a clock interrupt triggering unit to trigger clock interrupt;
and the clock interrupt unit is used for immediately triggering clock interrupt under the control of the judging unit so as to control the CPU of the equipment to execute the interrupt event to be operated.
Preferably, the determining unit is further configured to determine that a currently running process of an operating system of the device actively gives up CPU occupation of the device.
Preferably, the determining unit is further configured to determine whether the priority of the currently running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority, and if so, perform the subsequent determining step; if not, controlling the clock interrupt triggering unit to trigger clock interrupt according to the triggering time of the clock interrupt.
Preferably, the operating system of the device is a Linux system.
As can be seen from the above, in the embodiment of the present invention, when it is determined that the priority of the currently running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority when the determined currently running process of the operating system is actively scheduled, and it is determined that the current time of the operating system of the device is greater than the sum of the last clock interrupt trigger time and the clock interrupt scheduling cycle time of the operating system of the device, the clock interrupt is directly triggered, and the interrupt event to be run is executed. It can be seen that, in order to prevent frequent determination and triggering of clock interrupts, and to prevent performance degradation of the operating system of the device, the above scheme is executed when the priority of the currently running process of the operating system of the device is higher than or equal to the set priority of interest. Therefore, the method and the system provided by the embodiment of the invention can accurately determine the time for triggering the clock interrupt and improve the real-time performance of real-time process switching.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an operating system clock scheduling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method for scheduling an operating system clock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an operating system clock scheduling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It can be seen from the background art that when the CPU of the device executes the interrupt event to be executed, the real-time performance of real-time process switching in the operating system of the device is affected. If the clock interrupt can be actively triggered at a specific time, and the influence factor is controlled within a predictable range, the real-time process switching instantaneity in the operating system of the device can be remarkably improved.
In order to solve the above problem, in the embodiment of the present invention, when determining that the priority of the currently running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority during the active scheduling of the determined currently running process of the operating system, when determining that the current time of the operating system of the device is greater than the sum of the last clock interrupt trigger time and the clock interrupt scheduling cycle time of the operating system of the device, directly triggering clock interrupt, and controlling a CPU of the device to execute an interrupt event to be run. Therefore, the time for triggering the clock interrupt can be accurately determined, when the time for triggering the clock interrupt is selected to be the time for actively scheduling the process in the operating system of the equipment, the probability of switching the real-time process in the operating system of the equipment again is obviously reduced, the conflict between the interrupt event to be operated and the real-time process in the operating system of the equipment is reduced, and the real-time performance of the operating system is improved.
It can be seen that, in order to prevent frequent determination and triggering of clock interrupt and to prevent reduction of the operating system performance of the device, the above scheme is executed when the priority of the currently running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority.
Therefore, the method and the system provided by the embodiment of the invention can accurately determine the time for triggering the clock interrupt and improve the real-time performance of real-time process switching.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an operating system clock scheduling method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following specific steps:
103, judging whether the current time of the operating system of the equipment is greater than the sum of the last clock interrupt trigger time of the operating system of the equipment and the set clock interrupt scheduling cycle time, and if so, executing a step 104; if not, go to step 105;
104, triggering clock interrupt immediately, and controlling a CPU of the equipment to execute an interrupt event to be operated;
105, not carrying out clock scheduling;
in this step, no clock scheduling, no special operation, or other processes of the operating system may be performed, which is not a key point of the embodiment of the present invention and is not limited herein.
In the method, the determining that the currently running process of the operating system of the device is actively scheduled includes:
determining that a currently running process of an operating system of a device is actively relinquishing CPU occupation of the device. In this case, the currently running process of the operating system of the device is mostly executed and completed, or the currently running process actively enters the sleep mode after completing the phase task.
In this method, before the step 102 is executed, the method further includes:
judging whether the priority of the current running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority, if so, executing the subsequent step 103; if not, triggering clock interruption according to the triggering time of the clock interruption, and controlling a CPU of the equipment to execute the interruption event to be operated. Therefore, for the current running process of the operating system of some low-priority equipment, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be adopted, but the non-periodic clock scheduling clock interrupt or the periodic clock scheduling clock interrupt is still adopted, the CPU of the equipment is controlled to execute the subsequent interrupt event to be run, and the performance of the operating system of the equipment is ensured not to be reduced.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the current running process of the operating system of the device actively abandons the CPU occupation of the device, the probability of the process occupying the CPU execution resources of the device again is lower, so the method provided by the embodiment of the invention can reduce the influence on the real-time performance of the process.
In the embodiment of the invention, the operating system of the equipment adopts a Linux system. The following takes an operating system of the device as a Linux system as an example, and illustrates an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method for scheduling an operating system clock according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following specific steps:
in the step, the Pcare is set according to specific requirements, if the set ratio is larger, the process with the priority greater than the Pcare in the operating system of the equipment has better real-time performance, but the process with the real-time performance improved is fewer;
here, the current clock interrupt trigger time is set to be Tn = T to be used as a trigger time determination basis of clock interrupt when the CPU executes the interrupt event to be run next time.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an operating system clock scheduling system according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a judging unit and a trigger clock interrupt unit, wherein,
the judging unit is used for determining active scheduling of a current running process of an operating system of the equipment; when the priority of the current running process is determined to be higher than or equal to the set attention priority, judging that the current time of the operating system is larger than the sum of the last clock interrupt triggering time of the operating system of the equipment and the set clock interrupt scheduling cycle time, and immediately controlling a clock interrupt triggering unit to trigger clock interrupt;
and the clock interrupt unit is used for immediately triggering clock interrupt under the control of the judging unit so as to control the CPU of the equipment to execute the interrupt event to be operated.
The system provided by the invention can be arranged in a clock subsystem of the equipment.
In the system, the judging unit is further configured to determine that a currently running process of an operating system of the device actively gives up CPU occupation of the device.
In the system, the judging unit is further configured to judge whether the priority of the currently running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority, and if so, perform the subsequent judging step; if not, controlling the clock interrupt triggering unit to trigger clock interrupt according to the triggering time of the clock interrupt.
The system is applied to equipment with an operating system, and the operating system of the equipment adopts a Linux system.
It can be seen that the method for triggering clock interrupt provided by the embodiment of the present invention considers both the real-time switching requirement and the performance requirement of the device process.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An operating system clock scheduling method, comprising:
determining active scheduling of a current running process of an operating system of equipment;
and when the priority of the current running process is determined to be higher than or equal to the set attention priority, judging that the current time of the operating system of the equipment is greater than the sum of the last clock interrupt triggering time of the operating system of the equipment and the set clock interrupt scheduling cycle time, immediately triggering clock interrupt, and executing an interrupt event to be run.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining that a currently running process of an operating system of a device is actively scheduling comprises:
determining that the current running process of the operating system of the device actively gives up occupation of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) of the device.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein prior to the determining that the priority level of the currently running process is greater than or equal to the set priority level of attention, further comprising:
judging whether the priority of the current running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority, if so, executing the subsequent judging step; if not, triggering clock interruption according to the triggering time of the clock interruption, and controlling a CPU of the equipment to execute the interruption event to be operated.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the operating system of the device employs a Linux system.
5. An operating system clock scheduling system, comprising: a judging unit and a trigger clock interrupt unit, wherein,
the judging unit is used for determining active scheduling of a current running process of an operating system of the equipment; when the priority of the current running process is determined to be higher than or equal to the set attention priority, judging that the current time of the operating system is larger than the sum of the last clock interrupt triggering time of the operating system of the equipment and the set clock interrupt scheduling cycle time, and immediately controlling a clock interrupt triggering unit to trigger clock interrupt;
and the clock interrupt unit is used for immediately triggering clock interrupt under the control of the judging unit so as to control the CPU of the equipment to execute the interrupt event to be operated.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the determining unit is further configured to determine that a currently running process of an operating system of a device is actively relinquishing CPU utilization of the device.
7. The system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the judging unit is further configured to judge whether the priority of the currently running process is higher than or equal to the set attention priority, and if so, perform the subsequent judging step; if not, controlling the clock interrupt triggering unit to trigger clock interrupt according to the triggering time of the clock interrupt.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein the operating system of the device employs a Linux system.
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