CN111799569A

CN111799569A - Antenna module and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN111799569A
Application number: CN202010693893.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李伟
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-17
Filing date: 2020-07-17
Publication date: 2020-10-20
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-17
Also published as: CN111799569B

Abstract

The application discloses antenna module and electronic equipment belongs to antenna technical field. The antenna module includes: a radiator and a metal reflector; the radiator is used for radiating electromagnetic waves; at least one group of gap structures are arranged on the metal reflector corresponding to the radiator; the at least one group of slot structures are used for reflecting the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator, and the phase of the electromagnetic wave formed after the reflection of the at least one group of slot structures is the same as that of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator. The antenna module comprises a metal reflector, at least one group of slot structures are arranged on the metal reflector, and the slot structures are arranged on the metal reflector.

Description

Antenna module and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an antenna module and an electronic device.

Background

With the rapid development of the antenna technology field, the types and the number of antennas arranged in the electronic equipment are more and more, and the electronic equipment receives and transmits data through the antennas arranged by the electronic equipment, so that data interaction is realized.

At present, as electronic devices are increasingly miniaturized and convenient, for one electronic device, different antennas need to be designed in a limited area, and the radiation capability of the antenna needs to be ensured. In addition, various electronic devices are generally designed with a metal rear housing, and an antenna of the electronic device is wrapped inside the electronic device by the metal rear housing. For example, in the terminal, due to factors such as screen design, the antenna clearance left in the terminal is already small, most antennas are designed on the metal middle frame, and the multi-band radiation requirement is realized by using a switch switching mode.

For the electronic device with the metal rear shell, the metal rear shell often affects the radiation effect of the antenna in the electronic device, resulting in the problems of low radiation efficiency of the antenna, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna module and electronic equipment, can improve the radiation effect of antenna module, strengthens the radiation efficiency of antenna module among the electronic equipment. The technical scheme is as follows:

in one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module, where the antenna module includes: a radiator and a metal reflector;

the radiator is used for radiating electromagnetic waves;

at least one group of gap structures are arranged on the metal reflector corresponding to the radiator;

the at least one group of slot structures are used for reflecting the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator, and the phase of the electromagnetic wave formed after the reflection of the at least one group of slot structures is the same as that of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator.

In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes at least one antenna module according to the above aspect.

The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least comprise:

the antenna module comprises a metal reflector, at least one group of slot structures are arranged on the metal reflector, and the slot structures are arranged on the metal reflector.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of an electronic device for transmitting data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 to 5 are schematic structural diagrams of several radiators related to fig. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a metal reflector according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application in relation to FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a metal reflector according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a first frequency selective surface element of FIG. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIGS. 9-11 are schematic structural diagrams of several first frequency selective surface elements of FIG. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a metal reflector according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application in relation to FIG. 3;

FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a metal reflector according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application in relation to FIG. 3;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a metal reflector according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application in relation to FIG. 3;

fig. 15 is a graph illustrating a change in reflection coefficient of an antenna module of fig. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a graph showing a change in reflection coefficient of another antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a graph illustrating a change in reflection coefficient of an antenna module of fig. 17 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 19;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal back case according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 20.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

The scheme provided by the application can be used in a terminal used in daily life, and in a real scene of multi-band application when an antenna in the terminal is designed, for convenience of understanding, some terms and application scenes related to the embodiment of the application are first briefly introduced below.

MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology: the method is a technology for performing space diversity by using a plurality of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas at a transmitting end and a receiving end respectively, adopts a discrete multi-antenna, and can decompose a communication link into a plurality of parallel sub-channels, thereby improving the capacity of transmitting or receiving signals.

Reflection coefficient: the reflected wave voltage is divided by the incident wave voltage.

In daily life, people are increasingly unable to use electronic equipment, for example, people use terminals to work, study, entertain and the like. The user may transmit various data through an antenna in the terminal, for example, the user may send information such as a picture and a video taken by the user to another terminal, or the user may perform a voice call, a video call, and the like with another user through the terminal to transmit voice data or video data.

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic view of an application scenario of an electronic device for transmitting data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 1, a number of electronic devices 110 are included.

Alternatively, the electronic device 110 is a terminal to which an antenna designed to transmit signals may be mounted. For example, the electronic device may be a terminal, and the terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an electronic book reader, smart glasses, a smart watch, an MP3 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III, mpeg Audio Layer 3), an MP4 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV, mpeg Audio Layer 4), a notebook computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, and the like.

In the environment shown in fig. 1, the electronic devices need to operate in various data transmission scenarios, and optionally, data may be transmitted between the electronic devices through a communication network, which may be a wired network or a wireless network. Optionally, the wireless or wired network uses standard communication techniques and/or protocols. The Network is typically the Internet, but may be any Network including, but not limited to, a Local Area Network (LAN), a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a mobile, wireline or wireless Network, a private Network, or any combination of virtual private networks. In some embodiments, data exchanged over a network is represented using techniques and/or formats including Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML), Extensible markup Language (XML), and the like. All or some of the links may also be encrypted using conventional encryption techniques such as Secure Socket Layer (SSL), Transport Layer Security (TLS), Virtual Private Network (VPN), Internet protocol Security (IPsec). In other embodiments, custom and/or dedicated data communication techniques may also be used in place of, or in addition to, the data communication techniques described above.

In order to adapt to data transmission in various frequency bands, an antenna designed in the electronic device can change its own working state accordingly, so as to work in the corresponding frequency band. For example, the electronic device may use a metal frame inside itself as an antenna, and set a gap on the metal frame, so as to form a plurality of antennas, and transmit data using the plurality of antennas (which may also be regarded as a MIMO antenna).

Optionally, since the electronic device has the metal rear shell, when the antenna inside the electronic device radiates a signal outwards, the metal rear shell may reflect off the antenna inside the electronic device, which affects radiation efficiency of the antenna, and thus radiation efficiency of the antenna is low. At present, no perfect solution is provided in the related art for how to improve the influence of the metal back shell on the antenna inside the electronic device.

In order to improve the radiation effect of antenna, reduce the influence of metal backshell to the antenna among the electronic equipment, this application provides a solution, can realize that metal backshell and antenna form the effect of homophase reflection, reduces the influence between metal backshell and the antenna. Please refer to fig. 2, which illustrates a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The antenna module provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the terminal in the application scenario shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the antenna module 200 includes: a radiator 201 and a metal reflector 202;

the radiator 201 is used for radiating electromagnetic waves, i.e., plays a role of transmitting signals of the antenna. The radiator 201 may be designed as a rod structure, a tube structure, a sheet structure, etc. The antenna module radiates electromagnetic waves outwards through the radiator 201.

Alternatively, the metal reflector 202 is a metal structural body having a reflection effect on the electromagnetic wave emitted from the radiator 201. In the embodiment of the present application, the metal reflector may be provided with at least one set of slot structures 203 corresponding to the radiator 201. Alternatively, the at least one set of slit structures 203 is a through type slit provided on the metal reflector 202, and the slit shape of the at least one set of slit structures 203 may be any one of a rectangle, an arc, a regular polygon, a circle, an ellipse, an irregular shape, and the like.

The at least one slot structure 203 is configured to reflect an electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator, and a phase of the electromagnetic wave formed by the reflection of the at least one slot structure 203 is the same as a phase of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator. That is, when the radiator 201 in the antenna module radiates electromagnetic waves, the at least one slot structure 203 reflects the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator 201 in phase, thereby reducing other reflection effects of the metal reflector 202 on the radiated electromagnetic waves.

To sum up, this application sets up at least a set of gap structure through corresponding the irradiator on the metal reflector of antenna module, forms the electromagnetic wave that has the same phase place with the electromagnetic wave of irradiator radiation through at least a set of gap structure, promptly, triggers the co-phase reflection through at least a set of gap structure, reduces the reflection effect of metal reflector to the electromagnetic wave of irradiator radiation, strengthens the efficiency of irradiator in the antenna module.

In a possible implementation manner, in order to reduce the reflection effect of the metal reflector on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator and enhance the efficiency of the radiator, the at least one set of slot structures provided on the metal reflector may be at least one set of Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) structures, and the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator is reflected in phase by the FSS structures. The scheme shown in fig. 2 is described below by taking the FSS structure as an example.

Please refer to fig. 3, which illustrates a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The antenna module provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the terminal in the application scenario shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 3, the antenna module 300 includes: a radiator 301 and a metal reflector 302;

the radiator 301 is used for radiating electromagnetic waves outwards, that is, plays a role in transmitting signals of the antenna. The radiator 301 may be designed as a rod-like structure, a tubular structure, a sheet-like structure, or the like. The antenna module radiates electromagnetic waves outwards through the radiator 301.

Optionally, the radiator 301 further includes a first radiator 301a and a second radiator 301 b; the two radiators share the same signal feed source, and signals are radiated out through respective radiation ports. Please refer to fig. 4 to 5, which illustrate schematic structural diagrams of several radiators related to fig. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the radiator 400 includes a first radiator 401 and a second radiator 402; the first radiator 401 includes a first port 401a and a second port 401b, and the second radiator 402 includes a third port 402a and a fourth port 402 b; the first port 401a of the first radiator is connected to the third port 402a of the second radiator, and the first port 401a of the first radiator and the third port 402a of the second radiator are connected to the same signal feed 403, where the signal feed 403 is used to input signals to the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 402.

As shown in fig. 5, the radiator 500 includes a first radiator 501 and a second radiator 502; the first radiator 501 includes a first port 501a and a second port 501b, and the second radiator 502 includes a third port 502a and a fourth port 502 b; the first port 501a of the first radiator and the third port 502a of the second radiator are respectively connected to the same signal feed 503 through wires, wherein the signal feed 503 is used for inputting signals to the first radiator 501 and the second radiator 502.

It should be noted that, the radiators in fig. 4 to fig. 5 may also include at least two radiators, and a structure in which at least two radiators share the same signal feed source may also be applicable to the present application, and the specific number of the radiators is not limited in the present application.

Alternatively, the structure of the radiator 301 in fig. 3 is exemplified by the radiator structure shown in fig. 4. That is, in fig. 3, the first radiator 301a includes a first port and a second port, and the second radiator 301b includes a third port and a fourth port; the first port of the first radiator 301a is connected to the third port of the second radiator 301b, the first port of the first radiator 301a and the third port of the second radiator 301b are connected to the same signal feed 303, and the signal feed 303 is used for inputting signals to the first radiator 301a and the second radiator 301 b.

Optionally, in the antenna module shown in fig. 3, the first radiator 301a is configured to radiate a signal in a first frequency band, and the second radiator 301b is configured to radiate a signal in a second frequency band. Alternatively, the signals of the first frequency band and the signals of the second frequency band may be the same or different, depending on the length of the respective radiators. For example, in fig. 3, if the lengths of the first radiator 301a and the second radiator 301b are the same, the signals of the first frequency band radiated by the first radiator 301a are the same as the signals of the second frequency band radiated by the second radiator 301 b. If the lengths of the first radiator 301a and the second radiator 301b are different, the signals of the first frequency band radiated by the first radiator 301a and the signals of the second frequency band radiated by the second radiator 301b are also different.

In one possible implementation, the signal of the first frequency band is different from the signal of the second frequency band. The length of the first radiator 301a is smaller than that of the second radiator 301b, and the first frequency band is higher than the second frequency band. For example, the length of the first radiator 301a is a and the length of the second radiator 301B is B, where a is less than B. When the signal feed 303 inputs a signal of a 2.3 to 3 gigahertz (GHz) band to the radiator 301, the first radiator 301a may generate resonance of a quarter wavelength mode and radiate a corresponding signal. When the signal feed 303 inputs a signal of a 1.3 to 2.2 GHz band to the radiator 301, the second radiator 301b may generate a resonance of a three-quarter wavelength mode and radiate a corresponding signal. When the signal feed 303 inputs a signal of a 0.5 to 1.2GHz band to the radiator 301, the second radiator 301b may generate resonance of a quarter wavelength mode and radiate a corresponding signal. The 2.3 to 3GHz band may be referred to as a high band, and the 1.3 to 2.2 GHz band and the 0.5 to 1.2GHz band may be referred to as a medium band and a low band, respectively.

Optionally, the signals radiated by the first radiator and the second radiator are exemplary, and in practical applications, different radiators may also correspondingly radiate different signals, and corresponding frequency bands are also different.

In fig. 3, the metal reflector 302 is a metal structure having a reflection effect on the electromagnetic wave emitted from the radiator 301. In practical applications, the metal reflector may be a metal back shell for protecting the antenna module.

In the embodiment of the present application, at least one set of slot structures 304 may be disposed on the metal reflector 302 corresponding to the radiator 301. Optionally, the at least one group of slit structures 304 is a through type slit disposed on the metal reflector 302, and the slits included in the at least one group of slit structures 304 are periodically arranged. The shape of the slits of at least one set of slit structures 304 may be any one of rectangular, arc, regular polygon, circular, oval, and irregular shapes.

The at least one slot structure 304 is configured to reflect an electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator, and a phase of the electromagnetic wave formed by the reflection of the at least one slot structure 304 is the same as a phase of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator. That is, when the radiator 301 in the antenna module radiates electromagnetic waves, the at least one slot structure 304 reflects the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator 301 in the same phase, thereby reducing other reflection effects of the metal reflector 302 on the radiated electromagnetic waves.

Referring to fig. 6, a schematic structural diagram of a metal reflector related to fig. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 6, a first set of slit structures 601, a second set of slit structures 602, and a third set of slit structures 603 are included on the metal reflector 600. Wherein the distances in the first direction between the respective slits included in the first group of slit structures 601 are the same. The respective slits included in the second set of slit structures 602 start with the first slit in the first direction, and the distance between every two slits is the same. The first slot in the first direction of each slot included in the third slot structure 603 is also the same distance between every two slots. Wherein the at least one set of slot structures 304 on the metal reflector 302 in fig. 3 is exemplified according to the first set of slot structures shown in fig. 6.

It should be noted that the shape of the metal reflector 302 is exemplified by a planar structure, and in practical applications, the shape of the metal reflector 302 may be a cambered surface structure. Please refer to fig. 7, which illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a metal reflector according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, a first set of slot structures 701 is included on the metal reflector 700. Alternatively, the radiator of the antenna module in fig. 7 may be disposed inside the metal reflector, and the shape of the metal reflector is not limited in this application.

In one possible implementation, the at least one set of slot structures on the metal reflector 302 in fig. 3 is at least one set of frequency selective surface structures; the at least one set of frequency selective surface structures comprises at least two frequency selective surface units. That is, by designing at least one set of frequency selective surface structures on the metal reflector 302 in fig. 3, the antenna module can reflect the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator through the frequency selective surface structures on the metal reflector.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first frequency selective surface unit further includes a loop structure and an entrance structure, where the first frequency selective surface unit is any one of the at least two frequency selective surface units; the loop structure and the entrance structure are used to reflect electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator.

Referring to fig. 8, a schematic diagram of a first frequency selective surface unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown, referring to fig. 3. As shown in fig. 8, the first frequency selective surface unit 800 includes a loop structure 801 and an entrance structure 802, wherein after the electromagnetic wave is radiated from the radiator, the first frequency selective surface unit can reflect the electromagnetic wave radiated from the radiator in phase through the loop structure 801 and the entrance structure 802. Optionally, the shape of the loop structure is a square as an example, and in practical applications, the shape of the loop structure may also be any one of a rectangle, a triangle, a circle, and a regular polygon.

Reference is now made to fig. 9-11, which are schematic structural diagrams illustrating several first frequency selective surface units of fig. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, in the first frequency selective surface unit 900, a loop structure 901 and an entrance structure 902 are included, and the loop structure 901 is rectangular in shape. As shown in fig. 10, in the first frequency selective surface unit 1000, a loop back structure 1001 and an entrance structure 1002 are included, and the shape of the loop back structure 1001 is triangular. As shown in fig. 11, in the first frequency selective surface unit 1100, a loop structure 1101 and an entrance structure 1102 are included, and the shape of the loop structure 1101 is circular.

In a possible implementation manner, the metal reflector 302 is provided with a first adjusting device, and the material of the first adjusting device is the same as that of the metal reflector 302. The shape of the first adjusting means is the same as the shape of the first frequency selective surface unit. The first adjusting device is used for attaching or detaching the first frequency selective surface unit so as to adjust the spacing and the number between the frequency selective surface units.

Referring to fig. 12, a schematic structural diagram of a metal reflector related to fig. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 12, at least one set of frequency selective surface structures 1201, a first tuning device 1202, is included on a metallic reflector 1200. Wherein at least one group of frequency selective surface structures 1201 comprises each frequency selective surface unit, the shape of the first tuning device 1202 is the same as the shape of the first frequency selective surface unit, and the first tuning device 1202 can be attached to or detached from its corresponding first frequency selective surface unit, thereby changing the first frequency selective surface unit. As shown in fig. 12, the dotted lines indicate positions after separation, and the solid lines indicate positions before separation, and the spacing and the number of the frequency selective surface units in the antenna module can be changed by attaching or detaching the first adjusting device to or from the first frequency selective surface unit in at least one group 1201 of frequency selective surface structures.

In a possible implementation manner, the metal reflector 302 is provided with a second adjusting device, and the material of the second adjusting device is the same as that of the metal reflector 302. The shape of the second adjusting means is the same as the shape of the loop back structure. The second adjusting device is used for being attached to or separated from the gap of the loop back structure so as to adjust the size of the gap of the loop back structure.

Referring to fig. 13, a schematic structural diagram of a metal reflector related to fig. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 13, at least one set of frequency selective surface structures 1301, a second tuning device 1302 is included on a metal reflector 1300. The at least one group of frequency selective surface structures 1301 includes each frequency selective surface unit, each frequency selective surface unit includes a loop structure, the shape of the second adjusting device 1302 is the same as that of the loop structure of the first frequency selective surface unit, and the second adjusting device 1302 may be attached to or separated from the loop structure of the first frequency selective surface unit corresponding to the second adjusting device 1302, so as to change the gap width of the loop structure of the first frequency selective surface unit. As shown in fig. 13, the dotted line indicates the position after separation, the solid line indicates the position before separation, and the slot size of the loop structure of each frequency selective surface unit of the at least one group of frequency selective surface structures 1301 can be changed by attaching or separating the second adjusting device to or from the loop structure of the first frequency selective surface unit in the antenna module.

In a possible implementation manner, the metal reflector 302 is provided with a third adjusting device, and the material of the third adjusting device is the same as that of the metal reflector 302. The shape of the third regulating means is the same as the shape of the inlet structure. The third adjusting device is used for being attached to or separated from the gap of the inlet structure so as to adjust the size of the gap of the inlet structure.

Referring to fig. 14, a schematic structural diagram of a metal reflector related to fig. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 14, at least one set of frequency selective surface structures 1401, a third tuning device 1402 is included on the metallic reflector 1400. Wherein the at least one set of frequency selective surface structures 1401 comprises respective frequency selective surface units, each frequency selective surface unit comprises a respective entrance structure, the shape of the third adjusting device 1402 is the same as the shape of the entrance structure of the first frequency selective surface unit, and the third adjusting device 1402 can be attached to or detached from its corresponding entrance structure of the first frequency selective surface unit, thereby changing the gap width of the entrance structure of the first frequency selective surface unit. As shown in fig. 14, the dotted line indicates the position after separation, and the solid line indicates the position before separation, and the size of the gap of the entrance structure of each frequency selective surface unit of at least one group of frequency selective surface structures 1401 can be changed by attaching or separating the third adjusting device to or from the entrance structure of the first frequency selective surface unit in the antenna module.

Optionally, the antenna included in the antenna module may be any one or more of a full-band antenna, a wireless fidelity antenna, a global positioning system antenna, and a bluetooth antenna.

Optionally, by taking the signal feed 303 as an example to input the signal of the 0 to 3GHz band to the radiator 301 in fig. 3, please refer to fig. 15, which shows a graph of a change of the reflection coefficient of the antenna module of an exemplary embodiment of the present application, which relates to fig. 3. As shown in fig. 15, a reflection coefficient curve 1501 of the antenna module when the signal feed 303 including the antenna module inputs signals of different frequency bands to the radiator 301.

In a possible implementation manner, when the metal reflector 302 in fig. 3 does not include at least one set of slot structures in this application, the variation curve of the reflection coefficient of the antenna module itself is not the same as that in fig. 15. Please refer to fig. 16, which shows a graph illustrating a variation of the reflection coefficient of another antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 16, a reflection coefficient curve 1601 of the antenna module when the signal feed of the antenna module inputs signals of different frequency bands to the radiator is included.

As can be seen from the comparison between fig. 15 and fig. 16, the antenna reflection coefficient in fig. 15 is lower than that in fig. 16, and the radiation performance of the antenna module is better. That is, the present application can form an electromagnetic wave having the same phase as that of an electromagnetic wave radiated by a radiator through at least one group of slot structures, thereby improving the reflection coefficient of the antenna module, and increasing the radiation efficiency of the antenna module.

In addition, the antenna module comprising a plurality of radiating bodies can be subjected to in-phase reflection on electromagnetic waves radiated by the plurality of radiating bodies through at least one group of frequency selection surface structures, so that the effect of performing in-phase reflection on signals under different frequency bands is realized, and the efficiency of the radiating bodies in the antenna module is improved.

In addition, according to the antenna module, the periodic at least one group of frequency selective surface structures are arranged, the various adjusting devices are arranged, the frequency selective surface structures reflect the electromagnetic waves emitted by the radiating bodies of the antenna module in the same phase, and meanwhile, the parameters such as the size and the number of gaps of the frequency selective surface structures can be adjusted through the adjusting devices, so that the antenna radiating bodies can be flexibly changed under the condition of changing, and the in-phase reflection effect of the antenna radiating bodies in the electromagnetic wave radiation is guaranteed.

In a possible implementation manner, the antenna module further includes a metal ground plate, and when the radiator includes the first radiator and the second radiator, the antenna module may further include a switch, and the switch controls whether different radiators are grounded, so as to further improve the radiation performance of the antenna module.

Please refer to fig. 17, which illustrates a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The antenna module provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the terminal in the application scenario shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 17, the antenna module 1700 includes: a radiator 1701, a metal reflector 1702 and a metal ground plate 1703;

among them, the radiator 1701 is used to radiate an electromagnetic wave to the outside, i.e., functions to radiate a signal of an antenna. The radiator 1701 may be designed as a rod-like structure, a tubular structure, a sheet-like structure, or the like. The antenna module radiates electromagnetic waves to the outside through the radiator 1701.

Alternatively, the metal reflector 1702 is a metal structural body having a reflection effect on the electromagnetic wave emitted from the radiator 1701. In the embodiment of the present application, the metal reflector may be provided with at least one set of slot structures 1706 corresponding to the radiator 1701. Optionally, the at least one set of slit structures is through-type slits disposed on the metal reflector 1702, and the slit shape of the at least one set of slit structures 1706 may be any one of a rectangle, an arc, a regular polygon, a circle, an ellipse, and an irregular shape.

The at least one slot structure 1706 is configured to reflect an electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator, and a phase of the electromagnetic wave formed after the reflection by the at least one slot structure is the same as a phase of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator. That is, when the radiator 1701 in the antenna module radiates an electromagnetic wave, the at least one slot structure 1706 reflects the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiator 1701 in the same phase, thereby reducing other reflection effects of the metal reflector 1702 on the radiated electromagnetic wave. Optionally, in the present application, for the design of the radiator 1701 and the metal reflector 1702, the embodiment in fig. 3 may also be referred to, and details are not described herein.

Optionally, the radiator 1701 further includes a first radiator 1701a and a second radiator 1701 b; the two radiators share the same signal feed source, and signals are radiated out through respective radiation ports. The first radiator 1701a includes a first port and a second port, and the second radiator 1701b includes a third port and a fourth port; the first port of the first radiator 1701a is connected to the third port of the second radiator 1701b, the first port of the first radiator 1701a and the third port of the second radiator 1701b are connected to the same signal feed 1704, and the signal feed 1704 is used to input signals to the first radiator 1701a and the second radiator 1701 b.

In a possible implementation manner, the second port of the first radiator 1701a is electrically connected to the metal ground plate 1703 through the first switch 1705, and the first switch 1705 is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the second port of the first radiator 1701a and the metal ground plate 1703. When the first switch 1705 controls conduction between the second port of the first radiator 1701a and the metal ground plate 1703, the first switch 1705 may direct current in the first radiator 1701a to the metal ground plate 1703. When the first switch 1705 controls the second port of the first radiator 1701a to be disconnected from the metal ground plate 1703, the structure of the antenna module is the same as that of fig. 3, and thus, the description thereof is omitted.

That is, when the second port of the first radiator 1701a is electrically connected to the metal ground plate 1703 through the first switch 1705 and the first switch 1705 is in a conducting state, the first switch 1705 is further configured to conduct the current in the first radiator 1701a to the metal ground plate 1703, and at least one set of slot structures is configured to reflect the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second radiator 1701 b.

Referring to fig. 18, a graph illustrating a variation of the reflection coefficient of the antenna module of fig. 17 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 18, a reflection coefficient curve 1801 of the antenna module when signals of different frequency bands are input to the radiator 1701 by the signal feed 1704 including the antenna module. As can be seen from the comparison between fig. 17 and fig. 15, when the second port of the first radiator 1701a is electrically connected to the metal ground plate 1703 through the first switch 1705 and the first switch 1705 is in a conducting state, the first radiator 1701a is shorted, so that the current in the first radiator 1701a is conducted to the metal ground plate 1703, and at this time, the resonance generated in the antenna module corresponding to the first radiator 1701a disappears, and the response in fig. 18 corresponding to the high-frequency vibration point disappears. In addition, in fig. 18, the resonance generated in the second radiator 1701b for the middle and low frequency bands still exists, and the reflection coefficient of the antenna module is lower in both the middle and low frequency bands as compared to fig. 15 and 16, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna module.

In a possible implementation manner, the fourth port of the second radiator 1701b is electrically connected to the metal ground plate 1703 through the first switch 1705, and the first switch 1705 is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the fourth port of the second radiator 1701b and the metal ground plate 1703. When the first switch 1705 controls conduction between the fourth port of the second radiator 1701b and the metal ground plate 1703, the first switch 1705 may direct current in the second radiator 1701b to the metal ground plate 1703. When the first switch 1705 controls the second port of the second radiator 1701b to be disconnected from the metal ground plate 1703, the structure of the antenna module is the same as that of fig. 3, and thus, the description thereof is omitted.

That is, when the fourth port of the second radiator 1701b is electrically connected to the metal ground plate 1703 through the first switch 1705 and the first switch 1705 is in a conducting state, the first switch 1705 is further configured to conduct the current in the second radiator 1701b to the metal ground plate 1703, and at least one set of slot structures is configured to reflect the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first radiator.

When the second port of the second radiator 1701b is electrically connected to the metal ground plate 1703 through the first switch 1705 and the first switch 1705 is in a conducting state, since the second radiator 1701b is short-circuited, the current in the second radiator 1701b is introduced onto the metal ground plate 1703, at this time, the resonance generated in the antenna module corresponding to the second radiator 1701b disappears, and the resonance generated in the first radiator 1701a for the high frequency band still exists.

In addition, the first switch in the antenna module can control the connection or disconnection of the plurality of radiators and the metal grounding body, and when the first switch is connected, the current on the radiator connected with the first switch is led into the metal grounding body, so that the electromagnetic waves radiated on other radiators are reflected by at least one group of slot structures, the uniqueness of reflecting a certain frequency band in the same phase is achieved, and the efficiency of the radiators in the antenna module is improved.

Referring to fig. 19, a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 19, the electronic device 1900 includes a first antenna module 1901, a second antenna module 1902, a third antenna module 1903, and a fourth antenna module 1904, and a plurality of antenna modules may share the same metal ground plane 1905. The first antenna module 1901, the second antenna module 1902, the third antenna module 1903, and the fourth antenna module 1904 may all adopt the antenna module provided in fig. 2, fig. 3, or fig. 17.

Optionally, when the electronic device sends data such as messages and videos by using one or two antenna modules, the electronic device may enable the power amplifier electrically connected to the antenna module to operate in a corresponding frequency band, and input signals to the radiator in the antenna module through the signal feed source in the antenna module, and the radiator in the antenna module generates a resonant frequency band with a corresponding wavelength and radiates outwards. At this time, the reflector in the antenna module can also reflect the electromagnetic wave radiated outwards by the radiator in the same phase, so that the radiation effect of the radiator is improved.

In a possible implementation manner, the electronic device further includes a metal middle frame and a metal rear shell, and the radiator of the antenna module is disposed on the metal middle frame; the metal middle frame is wrapped by the metal rear shell, the metal reflector of the antenna module is the metal rear shell, and the arrangement direction of the at least one group of gap structures is parallel to the plane where the metal middle frame is located.

Referring to fig. 20, a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device related to fig. 19 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 20, the electronic device 2000 further includes a metal bezel 2001 and a metal rear case 2002. The radiator of the antenna module is disposed on the metal middle frame, and after the electronic device is assembled, the metal back shell 2002 of the electronic device wraps the metal middle frame 2001. At least one group of slit structures 2003 is arranged on the metal rear shell 2002, and the arrangement direction of the at least one group of slit structures 2003 is parallel to the plane of the metal middle frame 2001. When the electronic device 2000 radiates electromagnetic waves outwards through the radiator arranged on the metal middle frame 2001, the at least one group of slot structures 2003 corresponding to the radiator can reflect the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator 2001 in phase, so as to reduce other reflection effects of the metal rear shell 2002 on the radiated electromagnetic waves.

Alternatively, at least one set of slit structures 2003 on the metal back cover may be arranged in two dimensions. Referring to fig. 21, a schematic structural diagram of a metal back case of fig. 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 21, at least one set of slit structures 2101 arranged in a two-dimensional direction is included in the metal rear case 2100. As shown in fig. 21, one of the two-dimensional directions may be an extension of a first side 2102 of the metal back cover 2100 of the electronic device, and the other of the two-dimensional directions may be an extension of a second side 2103 of the metal back cover 2100 of the electronic device, the first side and the second side being perpendicular to each other.

To sum up, this application sets up at least a set of gap structure through corresponding the irradiator on the metal reflector at antenna module, form the electromagnetic wave that has the looks the same through at least a set of gap structure with the electromagnetic wave of irradiator radiation, namely, trigger the homophase reflection through at least a set of gap structure, reduce the reflection effect of metal reflector to the electromagnetic wave of irradiator radiation, in electronic equipment, set up electronic equipment's metal backshell to the structure of this application metal reflector, can avoid electronic equipment's metal backshell to carry out the problem that other reflections lead to electronic equipment's antenna radiation efficiency is low to the antenna that is in on the metal center, thereby the efficiency of irradiator in electronic equipment's the antenna module has been strengthened.

It should be understood that reference herein to "and/or" describing an association of case objects means that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that, the antenna module includes: a radiator and a metal reflector;

the radiator is used for radiating electromagnetic waves;

2. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein the slots included in the at least one slot structure are periodically arranged.

3. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein the radiator further comprises a first radiator and a second radiator;

the first radiator comprises a first port and a second port, and the second radiator comprises a third port and a fourth port;

the first port of the first radiator is connected with the third port of the second radiator, the first port of the first radiator and the third port of the second radiator are connected with the same signal feed source, and the signal feed source is used for inputting signals to the first radiator and the second radiator;

the first radiator is used for radiating signals of a first frequency band, and the second radiator is used for radiating signals of a second frequency band;

the at least one group of slot structures is used for reflecting the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first radiator and/or the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second radiator.

4. The antenna module of claim 3, wherein the length of the first radiator is less than the length of the second radiator, and the first frequency band is higher than the second frequency band.

5. The antenna module of claim 3, further comprising: a first switch and a metallic ground plate;

the second port of the first radiator is electrically connected with the metal ground plate through the first switch, and the first switch is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the second port of the first radiator and the metal ground plate; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the fourth port of the second radiator is electrically connected with the metal ground plate through the first switch, and the first switch is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the fourth port of the second radiator and the metal ground plate.

6. The antenna module of claim 5,

when the second port of the first radiator is electrically connected to the metal ground plate through the first switch and the first switch is in a conducting state, the first switch is further configured to conduct a current in the first radiator to the metal ground plate, and the at least one group of slot structures is configured to reflect an electromagnetic wave radiated by the second radiator;

when the fourth port of the second radiator is electrically connected with the metal ground plate through the first switch and the first switch is in a conducting state, the first switch is further used for guiding the current in the second radiator into the metal ground plate; the at least one group of slot structures are used for reflecting the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first radiator.

7. The antenna module of any of claims 1-6, wherein the at least one set of slot structures is at least one set of frequency selective surface structures;

the at least one set of frequency selective surface structures comprises at least two frequency selective surface units.

8. The antenna module of claim 7, wherein the first frequency selective surface element comprises a loop structure and an entrance structure, the first frequency selective surface element being any one of at least two frequency selective surface elements;

the loop back structure and the entrance structure are used for reflecting electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator.

9. The antenna module of claim 8, wherein the loop structure has a shape selected from a group consisting of a rectangle, a triangle, a circle, and a regular polygon.

10. The antenna module of claim 8, wherein the metal reflector is provided with a first adjusting device, and the material of the first adjusting device is the same as that of the metal reflector;

the shape of the first adjusting means is the same as the shape of the first frequency selective surface unit;

the first adjusting device is used for being attached to or separated from the first frequency selection surface unit so as to adjust the spacing and the number of the frequency selection surface units.

11. The antenna module of claim 8, wherein a second adjusting device is disposed on the metal reflector, and the material of the second adjusting device is the same as that of the metal reflector;

the shape of the second adjusting device is the same as that of the loop-back structure;

the second adjusting device is used for being attached to or separated from the gap of the loop back structure so as to adjust the size of the gap of the loop back structure.

12. The antenna module of claim 8, wherein a third adjusting device is disposed on the metal reflector, and a material of the second adjusting device is the same as a material of the metal reflector;

the third regulating means has the same shape as the inlet structure;

the third adjusting device is used for being attached to or separated from the gap of the inlet structure so as to adjust the size of the gap of the inlet structure.

13. The antenna module of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the antenna module comprises any one or more of a full band antenna, a wireless fidelity antenna, a GPS antenna, and a Bluetooth antenna.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises at least one antenna module, wherein the antenna module is according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, wherein the electronic device further comprises a metal middle frame and a metal rear shell, and the radiator of the antenna module is disposed on the metal middle frame;

the metal middle frame is wrapped by the metal rear shell, the metal reflector of the antenna module is the metal rear shell, and the arrangement direction of the at least one group of gap structures is parallel to the plane where the metal middle frame is located.