CN111743538A - Brain-computer interface alarm method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a brain-computer interface alarm system and a method, wherein the brain-computer interface alarm system comprises: the visual stimulation module is used for generating a visual stimulation code; the acquisition module is used for acquiring an electroencephalogram signal generated by a user on a visual stimulation code; and the electroencephalogram analysis module is used for continuously comparing the currently acquired electroencephalogram signals with preset electroencephalogram template signals and outputting corresponding alarm signals when the ratio of the results matched with the visual stimulation codes in the comparison results reaches a set value. The advantages of the invention include: the electroencephalogram signal is induced by generating the visual stimulation codes, the response speed can be improved, the false alarm rate can be reduced, and various codes can be formed by shifting or arranging and combining the visual stimulation codes, so that various alarm functions can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of brain-computer interfaces, and particularly relates to a brain-computer interface alarm method and system.
Background
Studies have shown that when subjected to a fixed frequency visual stimulus, the visual cortex of the human brain produces a continuous response related to the stimulus frequency, referred to as the Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP). The prior art brain-computer interface typically evoked a Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) by flashing at a fixed frequency and alerts by detecting the Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP). The brain-computer interface only has the functions of alarming or calling a single type, and generally, the window length of the collected data is longer in order to accurately judge whether a user is watching or not in the detection process due to the adoption of fixed frequency stimulation, so that the detection time is longer, the reaction speed is slower, and the electroencephalogram signals are easier to match and then the false alarm is easier to occur due to the fact that the fixed frequency only detects one type of codes.
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a brain-computer interface alarm method and system with fast response speed and low false alarm rate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a brain-computer interface alarm method and system to solve the problem of high false alarm rate in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
in one embodiment, the present application provides a brain-computer interface alarm system, comprising:
the visual stimulation module is used for generating a visual stimulation code;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring an electroencephalogram signal generated by the user for the visual stimulation coding;
and the electroencephalogram analysis module is used for continuously comparing the currently acquired electroencephalogram signals with preset electroencephalogram template signals and outputting corresponding alarm signals when the ratio of the results matched with the visual stimulation codes in the comparison results reaches a set value.
Optionally, the visual stimulation module is specifically configured to generate a display area with a brightness change feature according to a pseudo-random code, and use the display area as the visual stimulation code.
Optionally, the visual stimulation module is configured to generate at least two types of visual stimulation codes, the acquisition module is specifically configured to acquire an electroencephalogram signal generated corresponding to the visual stimulation codes, and the electroencephalogram analysis module is specifically configured to output a corresponding alarm signal when a result ratio matching any one type of visual stimulation codes in the comparison result reaches a set value.
Optionally, the visual stimulation module is specifically configured to shift the single-type pseudo-random code to form at least two types of visual stimulation codes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the visual stimulation module is specifically used for arranging and combining the multiple types of pseudo random codes to form at least two types of visual stimulation codes.
Optionally, the electroencephalogram analysis module analyzes the correlation degree of the electroencephalogram signal and each preset template signal through a task related component analysis algorithm.
Optionally, the collecting module is further configured to collect an eye electrical signal of the user; the computer-computer interface alarm system further comprises an electro-oculogram analysis module, wherein the electro-oculogram analysis module is used for counting the electro-oculogram signals when the electro-oculogram signals are compared to exceed a preset voltage threshold and are related to a preset electro-oculogram template signal, and outputting corresponding alarm signals when the electro-oculogram signals within a set time length exceed a set value.
In one embodiment, the present application provides a brain-computer interface alarm method, including:
generating a visual stimulus code;
collecting an electroencephalogram signal generated by a user for coding the visual stimulation;
continuously comparing the currently acquired electroencephalogram signal with a preset template signal, and outputting a corresponding alarm signal when the ratio of the result matched with the visual stimulation code in the comparison result reaches a set value.
Optionally, the method includes: generating at least two types of visual stimulus codes;
collecting an electroencephalogram signal generated by a user corresponding to a visual stimulation code;
continuously comparing the currently acquired electroencephalogram signals with preset template signals, and outputting corresponding alarm signals when the ratio of results matched with any type of visual stimulation codes in comparison results reaches a set value.
Optionally, the method specifically includes: shifting the single pseudo-random code to form at least two types of visual stimulation codes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and arranging and combining the multiple types of pseudo random codes to form at least two types of visual stimulation codes.
Optionally, the method further includes:
collecting an eye electrical signal of a user;
when the comparison result shows that the electro-ocular signal exceeds a preset voltage threshold and is related to a preset electro-ocular template signal, counting the electro-ocular signal, and outputting a corresponding alarm signal when the count of the electro-ocular signal within a set time length exceeds a set value; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and generating a display area with a shading characteristic according to a pseudo random code as the visual stimulation code.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can improve the reaction speed and reduce the false alarm rate by generating the visual stimulation codes to induce the electroencephalogram signals, and can form various codes by shifting or arranging and combining the visual stimulation codes, thereby realizing various alarm functions.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a brain-computer interface alarm system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single type of visual stimulus encoded continuous stimulus mode in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a combination of multiple types of visual stimuli codes according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a visual stimulus encoding interface in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating steps of a brain-computer interface alarm method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of an electroencephalogram signal alarming method of a brain-computer interface in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of an eye electrical signal alarm method of a brain-computer interface according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. The embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and structural, methodological, or functional changes made by those skilled in the art according to the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
The brain-computer interface (BCI) enables a direct information channel to be established between the brain and an external device. In recent years, with the development and deep research of science and technology, brain-computer interfaces have been applied to the fields of medical rehabilitation, equipment control and the like, and can realize applications such as artificial limb control and keyboard input.
Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a brain-computer interface alarm system, comprising: a visual stimulation module 101, an acquisition module 102 and an electroencephalogram analysis module 103.
A visual stimulus module 101 for generating a visual stimulus code.
It should be understood that the visual stimulus module 101 induces the user to generate a corresponding electroencephalogram signal by generating a visual stimulus code. The visual stimulus codes may have one or more categories, where one category of visual stimulus codes can only implement a single call or alert function, and multiple categories of visual stimulus codes may characterize each category as having different meanings, such as: drinking, calling, turning on or off lights, getting up or lying down.
In the medical field, for the patient who is influenced by some diseases (such as disability, paralysis, epilepsy, gradually-frozen symptoms and the like) and causes inconvenient movement or incapacity of moving, the brain-computer interface realized through the visual stimulation codes not only can realize the alarm function, but also can send different more accurate requirements to the nursing staff through various types of visual stimulation codes, thereby not only relieving the working pressure of the nursing staff, but also improving the use experience of the user.
In actual use, multiple types of visual stimulation codes can be set according to the size of the display screen, and a certain distance is reserved between every two types of visual stimulation codes, so that crosstalk is avoided when a user observes the visual stimulation codes. Specifically, the multiple types of visual stimulus codes can be generated by pseudo-random codes, and the pseudo-random codes can be M sequences or Gold sequences for light and shade alternation. When the user watches the visual stimulation code, an electroencephalogram signal corresponding to the stimulation mode is generated in the electroencephalogram.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, continuous detection may be achieved by single-type coding continuous stimulation, i.e., shifting a single-type pseudo-random code, and using the shifted code as another type of code. For example, the 15-bit M sequence "010011010111100" is circularly shifted by two bits to be coded as another type, so that multiple types of codes such as "010011010111100", "001101011110001", etc. can be realized by continuous stimulation of one type of codes. In order to better fix the user's sight, the center of the box representing the code may also be provided with a cross pattern, preferably in red (the cross pattern is not shown in the figure).
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, multiple types of codes may also be implemented by combining multiple types of codes, that is, by encoding multiple types of pseudo random codes and then performing continuous stimulation, and by permutation and combination of the multiple types of pseudo random codes. For example, 15-bit Gold sequences have 15 types of codes, and new multi-type codes can be generated by permutation and combination of the 15 types of codes, so that more code types can be realized than a single-type code shifting method.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic diagram of an actual stimulation interface is shown, taking four types as an example, the stimulation is presented at the corner of the screen, and each type of coded function is labeled, so that a user can give an alarm at any time according to actual needs, for example: when the user needs to call, the user only needs to look at the code corresponding to the call.
Alternatively, the visual stimulus encoding may be implemented by the pshcchoolbox toolkit of MATLAB. Based on the screen refresh rate, one bit of stimulus encoding, 0 or 1, is assigned per frame. Where 1 and 0 correspond to light and dark, respectively. The false alarm rate can be greatly reduced by letting the user look at the visual stimulus code.
And the acquisition module 102 is used for acquiring the electroencephalogram signals generated by the user on the coding of the visual stimuli.
In various brain signals, the electroencephalogram acquisition method is relatively simple, and the acquisition can be completed by using the electrode to be matched with electroencephalogram acquisition equipment, so that the application is relatively wide. The electroencephalogram collection of the electroencephalogram signals generated by a user corresponding to the visual stimulation codes can use the existing electroencephalogram collection equipment, and the electrodes need to be attached to the occipital areas of the brain in a centralized manner due to the fact that the visual evoked potentials are collected. Therefore, the electroencephalogram signals of the user can be acquired more accurately. The electroencephalogram signal and the visual stimulation can realize data synchronization through a parallel port or a photoelectric tube. The purpose of data synchronization is to mark electroencephalogram data and record the occurrence time of each type of stimulation so as to segment the data during analysis. In one embodiment, the electrodes are applied around the user's eyes and may also be used to collect the user's ocular electrical signals.
Specifically, in order to realize more natural information interaction and realize a rapid and accurate alarm system, an asynchronous brain-computer interface can be used, and the asynchronous brain-computer interface can realize asynchronous control, namely the brain-computer interface is prepared to acquire control information of a user at any time, so that the user can control the brain-computer interface at any time according to subjective requirements.
The electroencephalogram analysis module 103 is used for continuously comparing the currently acquired electroencephalogram signals with preset electroencephalogram template signals and outputting corresponding alarm signals when the result proportion of any type of visual stimulation codes matched in the comparison result reaches a set value.
Specifically, before use, the user needs to be trained, that is, the user can watch different kinds of visual stimulation codes for many times to form a corresponding preset electroencephalogram template signal. In actual use, the currently acquired electroencephalogram signals are compared with preset electroencephalogram template signals, the degree of correlation with each template is analyzed, and classification results of the current electroencephalogram signals are given. In one embodiment, a Task-Related component analysis (TRCA) algorithm may be used to analyze the degree of correlation of the current brain electrical signal with each of the pre-set brain electrical template signals. After a group of classification results are generated by electroencephalogram analysis, whether an alarm is needed or not is judged according to the matching degree of the results and the actual stimulation codes. The method can adopt a sliding window mode, namely, the judgment result of the latest N times is continuously detected, and if M times are the same as the type of the actual stimulation, the judgment is an alarm. Wherein, M and N are set according to actual needs. For example: and continuously detecting the classification result of the last 7 times, wherein more than 5 times of the classification result is the same as the classification of the actual stimulation code, and judging that the alarm is one time.
Referring to fig. 1, the brain-computer interface alarm system may further include an electro-ocular analysis module 104, where the electro-ocular analysis module 104 is configured to count the electro-ocular signals when the electro-ocular signals exceed a preset voltage threshold and are related to a preset electro-ocular template signal, and output a corresponding alarm signal when the count of the electro-ocular signals within a set time exceeds a set value.
It should be understood that the electrooculogram analysis adopts a threshold value and template matching method, and before use, the template is calculated by collecting the blink signals, the peak value and the trough value of the blink are determined, and the voltage threshold value of the blink signals is determined. When the eye blink detection circuit is used, the peak value of the eye electrical signal is continuously detected, and after the voltage peak value reaches the threshold value and the correlation degree of the eye electrical signal and the eye electrical template exceeds the preset standard, one blink is detected. And after the electro-oculogram analysis generates a result, the system judges whether to give an alarm or not according to a preset blinking task. For example, the user is set to blink 3 times in 1 second at intervals of about 0.3 second as an alarm. The user can set appropriate threshold values and control parameters according to the physical conditions and the use habits of the user.
Because the amplitude of the electro-oculogram is higher than that of the electroencephalogram, the electro-oculogram can be detected more easily, and the electro-oculogram signals can be acquired without watching visual stimulation codes by a user, so that the electro-oculogram can be conveniently used by the user at rest. However, the electro-oculogram can only realize a brain-computer interface with only a single control command, such as alarming and calling, so in specific application, the brain-computer interface and the electro-oculogram can be combined for use to meet the requirements of users under various conditions.
The invention can improve the reaction speed and reduce the false alarm rate by generating the visual stimulation codes to induce the electroencephalogram signals, and can form various codes by shifting or arranging and combining the visual stimulation codes, thereby realizing various alarm functions.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the present application further provides a brain-computer interface alarm method, including:
s501: generating a visual stimulus code;
s502: collecting an electroencephalogram signal generated by a user for coding the visual stimulation;
s503: continuously comparing the currently acquired electroencephalogram signal with a preset template signal, and outputting a corresponding alarm signal when the ratio of the result matched with the visual stimulation code in the comparison result reaches a set value.
It should be understood that the brain-computer interface alarm system utilizes the visual stimulation module 101 to generate a visual stimulation code for visual stimulation, and uses the acquisition module 102 to continuously acquire an electroencephalogram signal, and analyzes the electroencephalogram state in real time through the electroencephalogram analysis module 103. When the electroencephalogram analysis result is matched with a preset template, an alarm signal is sent out, the result is synchronously fed back to a user, and then the electroencephalogram state is continuously detected; when no qualified signal is detected, the system does not respond and continues to perform visual stimulation.
Further, a display area having a shading characteristic may be generated from the pseudo random code as a visual stimulus code.
It should be understood that the generated visual stimulus codes may include one or more types, and when it is desired to generate multiple types of visual stimulus codes, a single type of pseudo-random code may be shifted to form at least two types of visual stimulus codes. And the multiple types of pseudo random codes can be arranged and combined to form at least two types of visual stimulation codes.
Referring to fig. 7, the acquisition module may be further used to acquire an eye electrical signal, and the eye electrical analysis module is used to determine whether to blink, determine whether to alarm according to the determination result, and feed the alarm result back to the user.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: collecting an eye electrical signal of a user;
step two: and when the comparison result shows that the eye electrical signals exceed the preset voltage threshold and are related to the preset eye electrical template signals, counting the eye electrical signals, and outputting corresponding alarm signals when the eye electrical signal count within the set time length exceeds a set value.
The invention can improve the reaction speed and reduce the false alarm rate by generating the visual stimulation codes to induce the electroencephalogram signals, and can form various codes by shifting or arranging and combining the visual stimulation codes, thereby realizing various alarm functions.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
The terminology used in the description of the one or more embodiments is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description of the one or more embodiments. As used in one or more embodiments of the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in one or more embodiments of the present description to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments herein. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the scope of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A brain-computer interface alarm system, the brain-computer interface system comprising:
the visual stimulation module is used for generating a visual stimulation code;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring an electroencephalogram signal generated by the user for the visual stimulation coding;
and the electroencephalogram analysis module is used for continuously comparing the currently acquired electroencephalogram signals with preset electroencephalogram template signals and outputting alarm signals when the ratio of the results matched with the visual stimulation codes in the comparison results reaches a set value.
2. The brain-computer interface alarm system according to claim 1, wherein the visual stimulation module is specifically configured to generate a display area with a shading characteristic according to a pseudo-random code as the visual stimulation code.
3. The brain-computer interface alarm system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the visual stimulation module is configured to generate at least two types of visual stimulation codes, the acquisition module is specifically configured to acquire electroencephalogram signals generated corresponding to the visual stimulation codes, and the electroencephalogram analysis module is specifically configured to output a corresponding alarm signal when a ratio of results matching any one type of visual stimulation codes in the comparison results reaches a set value.
4. The brain-computer interface alarm system according to claim 3, wherein the visual stimulus module is specifically configured to shift a single type of pseudo-random code to form at least two types of visual stimulus codes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the visual stimulation module is specifically used for arranging and combining the multiple types of pseudo random codes to form at least two types of visual stimulation codes.
5. The brain-computer interface alarm system of claim 1, wherein the electroencephalogram analysis module analyzes the degree of correlation between the electroencephalogram signal and each of the preset template signals through a task related component analysis algorithm.
6. The brain-computer interface alarm system according to claim 1, wherein the collection module is further configured to collect an eye electrical signal of the user; the computer-computer interface alarm system further comprises an electro-oculogram analysis module, wherein the electro-oculogram analysis module is used for counting the electro-oculogram signals when the electro-oculogram signals are compared to exceed a preset voltage threshold and are related to a preset electro-oculogram template signal, and outputting corresponding alarm signals when the electro-oculogram signals within a set time length exceed a set value.
7. A brain-computer interface alarm method, the method comprising:
generating a visual stimulus code;
collecting an electroencephalogram signal generated by a user for coding the visual stimulation;
continuously comparing the currently acquired electroencephalogram signal with a preset template signal, and outputting a corresponding alarm signal when the ratio of the result matched with the visual stimulation code in the comparison result reaches a set value.
8. The brain-computer interface alarm method according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises:
generating at least two types of visual stimulus codes;
collecting an electroencephalogram signal generated by a user corresponding to a visual stimulation code;
continuously comparing the currently acquired electroencephalogram signals with preset template signals, and outputting corresponding alarm signals when the ratio of results matched with any type of visual stimulation codes in comparison results reaches a set value.
9. The brain-computer interface alarm method according to claim 8, wherein the method specifically comprises: shifting the single pseudo-random code to form at least two types of visual stimulation codes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and arranging and combining the multiple types of pseudo random codes to form at least two types of visual stimulation codes.
10. The brain-computer interface alert method according to claim 7, further comprising:
collecting an eye electrical signal of a user;
when the comparison result shows that the electro-ocular signal exceeds a preset voltage threshold and is related to a preset electro-ocular template signal, counting the electro-ocular signal, and outputting a corresponding alarm signal when the count of the electro-ocular signal within a set time length exceeds a set value; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and generating a display area with a shading characteristic according to a pseudo random code as the visual stimulation code.
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| CN113332101A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-03 | 上海羿生医疗科技有限公司 | Control method and device of rehabilitation training device based on brain-computer interface |
| CN114185436A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-15 | 江苏集萃脑机融合智能技术研究所有限公司 | Navigation system and device based on visual evoked potential brain-computer interface |
| CN115444717A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2022-12-09 | 山东海天智能工程有限公司 | Limb function rehabilitation training method and system based on brain-computer interface |
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| CN113332101B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2023-08-01 | 上海羿生医疗科技有限公司 | Control method and device of rehabilitation training device based on brain-computer interface |
| CN114185436A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-15 | 江苏集萃脑机融合智能技术研究所有限公司 | Navigation system and device based on visual evoked potential brain-computer interface |
| CN115444717A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2022-12-09 | 山东海天智能工程有限公司 | Limb function rehabilitation training method and system based on brain-computer interface |
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