CN111719719A - Novel fire prevention is decorated integration fire prevention median - Google Patents
Novel fire prevention is decorated integration fire prevention median Download PDFInfo
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- CN111719719A CN111719719A CN202010566891.2A CN202010566891A CN111719719A CN 111719719 A CN111719719 A CN 111719719A CN 202010566891 A CN202010566891 A CN 202010566891A CN 111719719 A CN111719719 A CN 111719719A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
- E04B1/7629—Details of the mechanical connection of the insulation to the wall
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a novel fireproof decoration integrated fireproof isolation belt, which is laid on a building outer wall (1), corresponds to a height area of a floor between floors, is in a belt shape surrounding a wall body, and sequentially comprises a bonding mortar layer (2) and a fireproof isolation plate layer (3) from the building outer wall (1) to the outside, wherein the fireproof isolation plate is tightly distributed in the fireproof isolation plate layer (3), and comprises an insulation board (31), a cover layer (32) and an L-shaped fixing piece (33), wherein the cover layer (32) is a metal plate, and the insulation board (31) is a fireproof insulation board prepared from glass fibers and water-soluble phenolic resin. The fireproof isolation plate layer in the fireproof isolation belt can be prefabricated, the field construction difficulty is reduced, the adhesive mortar layer covers the outer wall comprehensively, the fireproof isolation plate is designed in a structure, the novel insulation board improves the fireproof performance, and compared with the existing fireproof isolation system, the fireproof isolation belt is simple in structure, convenient to construct, good in fireproof heat preservation performance and beneficial to popularization in the field of buildings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fireproof heat preservation of building exterior walls, and particularly relates to a novel fireproof and decorative integrated fireproof isolation belt.
Background
Along with the development of cities, urban population is more and more dense, the number of building layers is higher and higher, and once a building has a fire, the fire quickly spreads all buildings along the outer wall. The nation makes fire-protection level agreement on the exterior wall materials of buildings, but various exterior wall materials still have various quality problems at present, which causes the situation of spreading fire to emerge endlessly, and seriously harms the life and property safety of people.
The fireproof isolation belt is arranged between various widely-used organic heat-insulating materials on the outer wall, plays a role in isolating continuity of the upper layer organic heat-insulating material and the lower layer organic heat-insulating material, and avoids the whole fire of the outer wall when a fire disaster happens.
At present, inorganic materials such as rock wool are mainly used for the fireproof isolation belt. The fire-resistant grade of rock wool reaches the grade A requirement, but has some problems:
1. when the rock wool is used as a fireproof isolation belt, the rock wool cannot be directly adhered to a wall body, a complex construction process is needed, and the construction period and the construction difficulty are increased;
2. the structural strength of the rock wool is weak, the tensile strength of the vertical plate surface just meets the national requirement that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 15KPa, and the fireproof isolation belt made of the rock wool is easy to fall off due to low strength;
3. the fireproof isolation belt has heat preservation performance, but the heat preservation performance of the rock wool is poor, and the heat conductivity coefficient is generally about 0.05W/(m.K);
4. although the fire-proof grade of the rock wool reaches the grade A requirement, the overall fire-proof performance of the fire-proof isolation belt formed by the rock wool needs to be improved;
5. enterprises producing rock wool belong to high-pollution and high-energy-consumption industries, and are not beneficial to responding energy conservation and emission reduction advocated by the nation.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a new fire barrier to solve at least one of the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the inventor of the invention has conducted intensive research and provides a novel fireproof decoration integrated fireproof isolation belt, and the fireproof isolation belt is simple in structure and convenient to construct by starting from the research of the structure of the fireproof isolation belt and a novel fireproof heat-insulation material and combining with a novel heat-insulation plate through reasonable structural layout, so that the fireproof isolation performance is greatly improved, and the fireproof decoration integrated fireproof isolation belt is completed.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a novel fireproof decoration integrated fireproof isolation belt is laid on an outer wall of a building, corresponds to a height area where a floor between floors is located, is in a belt shape surrounding the wall, the upper end and the lower end of the fireproof isolation belt are connected with a heat insulation material, the fireproof isolation belt sequentially comprises a bonding mortar layer and a fireproof isolation plate layer from the outer wall of the building to the outside, and fireproof isolation plates are tightly distributed in the fireproof isolation plate layer;
the fire prevention division board includes the heated board, cover layer and L type mounting, wherein, the cover layer is shell structure, the cover is established on the heated board outer face, seal and bond mortar layer whole face outside the inner panel face that bonds mutually, L type mounting includes mutually perpendicular's inner arm and outer arm, the inner arm that has L type mounting is inserted between the edge all around of cover layer and heated board, the outer arm of L type mounting flushes and towards the heated board outside with the inner panel face of heated board, through the first connecting piece that penetrates by the cover layer outward with the heated board, cover layer and L type mounting are connected as an organic wholely.
The novel fireproof decoration integrated fireproof isolation strip provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the prefabricated integrated fireproof isolation plate is combined through bonding and riveting, and construction is completed in two steps. The construction of the fireproof isolation belt is more convenient to operate, the time is saved, the construction steps of common materials in the market are shortened, the production efficiency can be greatly improved, and the labor cost is reduced;
(2) the outer layer of the fireproof isolation belt is a prefabricated color-sprayed cover layer, so that the fireproof isolation belt is not influenced by weather and constructors in comparison with field coating construction, and has long service life, high quality and higher flame retardance;
(3) the fireproof isolation belts are reasonably connected, so that the problems of easy cracking, moisture absorption and falling caused by the multi-layer structure of the conventional fireproof isolation belt are solved;
(4) the coverage area of the bonding mortar layer on the building outer wall of the area where the fireproof isolation belt is located reaches 100%, the building outer wall is completely covered, an air layer generated inside the bonding mortar layer is reduced, air circulation is promoted when a fire is started, and the risk of fire spreading is aggravated;
(5) according to the invention, on the basis of ensuring the A-level fire prevention, the safety of the insulation board product reaches AQZ2 level, the insulation board product has high-efficiency heat insulation performance, high volume weight, good structural strength and mechanical property far higher than the national standard, and the problems of low tensile strength and easy falling of other materials are solved;
(6) the invention benefits from the selection of the water-soluble phenolic resin and the microwave curing process, and the heat-insulating plate can be formed without adding an organic solvent, a coupling agent or a curing agent in the production process of the product, thereby ensuring the production safety and improving the environmental protection quality of the product;
(7) in the invention, a pipeline type spraying process different from the prior art is developed, and the storage tank, the servo pipe and the spraying pipe are combined to ensure that the spraying process can be continuously carried out and the spraying uniformity is high;
(8) according to the invention, microwave curing equipment and process for resin are developed, and by means of the partition arrangement of the microwave curing equipment, the problems of uneven curing and poor quality of low-heat-conducting materials are solved, the curing time is shortened, the curing pressure is removed, the curing temperature is reduced, the use of curing aids is reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a fire barrier construction according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a fire barrier construction according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the alignment of fire barriers in two adjacent rows according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the staggered arrangement of fire barriers in two adjacent rows according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structural relationship between the fire barrier and the lightning protection system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a shower apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 6a is a front view of a shower pipe; FIG. 6b is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 6 a; FIG. 6c is a side view of the shower; FIG. 6d is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 6 c;
fig. 7 shows a structure of a microwave curing apparatus in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1-building outer wall, 2-bonding mortar layer, 3-fireproof isolation plate layer, 31-heat insulation plate, 32-cover layer, 33-L-shaped fixing piece, 34-first connecting piece, 35-second connecting piece, 36-plastic caulking strip, 37-weather-resistant silicone adhesive, 4-lightning protection system, 101-magnetron, 102-air outlet, 103-hot air inlet, 104-press roll, 201-conveyor belt, 202-gear and 203-support roll.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.
The invention provides a novel fireproof decoration integrated fireproof isolation belt, as shown in figure 1, the fireproof isolation belt is laid on a building outer wall 1, corresponds to a height area where a floor slab between floors is located, is in a belt shape surrounding a wall body, the upper end and the lower end of the fireproof isolation belt are connected with heat insulation materials so as to isolate the continuity of the heat insulation materials of an upper layer and a lower layer, the fireproof isolation belt sequentially comprises a bonding mortar layer 2 and a fireproof isolation plate layer 3 from the building outer wall 1 to the outside, fireproof isolation plates are tightly distributed in the fireproof isolation plate layer 3, and the bonding mortar layer 2 plays a role in bonding and fixing the fireproof isolation plates.
As shown in fig. 2, the fireproof isolation board includes an insulation board 31, a cover layer 32 and an L-shaped fixing member 33, wherein the cover layer 32 is of a (rectangular) shell structure, the cover is arranged on the outer surface of the insulation board 31, the whole surface outside the inner surface bonded with the bonding mortar layer 2 is sealed, the L-shaped fixing member 33 includes an inner arm and an outer arm which are perpendicular to each other, the inner arm of the L-shaped fixing member 33 is inserted between the peripheral edges of the cover layer 32 and the insulation board 31, the outer arm of the L-shaped fixing member 33 is flush with the inner surface of the insulation board 31 and faces the outer side of the insulation board 31, and the insulation board 31, the cover layer 32 and the L-shaped fixing member 33 are connected into a whole through a first connecting member 34 which.
According to the invention, the coverage area of the bonding mortar layer 2 on the building outer wall 1 of the area where the fireproof isolation belt is located reaches 100%, namely the building outer wall is completely covered, so that an air layer generated inside the bonding mortar layer is reduced, air circulation is promoted when a fire is started, and the risk of fire spreading is aggravated. The bonding mortar layer 2 also plays a leveling role, so that the fireproof isolation plate is convenient to fix.
In the present invention, the thickness of the thermal insulation board 31 is similar to the thickness of the inner cavity of the cover layer 32, and the thickness of the thermal insulation board 31 may be slightly greater than the thickness of the inner cavity of the cover layer 32, for example, equal to the sum of the thickness of the inner cavity of the cover layer 32 and the thickness of the outer arm of the L-shaped fixing member 33.
The heat-insulating board 31 is a plate with fireproof and heat-insulating properties; the cover layer 32 is a metal plate which can not be burnt, such as an aluminum-zinc-plated steel plate, the surface of the cover layer 32 can be provided with decorative paint, the decorative paint can be prepared in a factory according to the requirements of customers, and the decorative paint is sprayed on the surface of the metal plate on a production line, so that the factors that the paint is influenced by weather during field construction are avoided, and the service life of the paint and the richness of color selection are ensured.
In the invention, the height of the inner arm of the L-shaped fixing piece 33 is not more than the thickness of the inner cavity of the cover layer 32; the outer arm of the L-shaped fixing part 33 is provided with a through hole, and the fireproof isolation plate is fixed on the bonding mortar layer 2 through the second connecting part 35 penetrating through the through hole by means of the L-shaped fixing part 33 and the expansion bolt.
Further, the mounting density of the second connecting members 35 is not less than 6 per square meter. The mounting density of the second connecting pieces 35 is not less than 8 per square meter at the positions where the civil buildings are higher than 50 meters and the public buildings are higher than 40 meters and are subjected to large negative wind pressure. The reasonable installation density of the second connecting piece 35 avoids the deformation of the cover layer caused by high-altitude negative wind pressure, and improves the building safety.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the fire-proof isolation boards in the fire-proof isolation board layer 3 can be arranged in multiple rows and multiple columns, the fire-proof isolation boards in each row are arranged at the same height, and the fire-proof isolation boards in two adjacent rows are arranged in an aligned manner or in a staggered manner.
Due to the L-shaped fixing piece 33, gaps exist between adjacent fireproof isolation plates, plastic caulking strips 36 are paved at the bottoms of the gaps, and the gaps are sealed through weather-resistant silicone adhesive 37. The plastic caulking strips 36 are used for preventing cold bridges from occurring, and the weather-resistant silicone adhesive 37 is used for preventing water and moisture, so that the service life of the fireproof isolation belt is ensured.
Furthermore, the gap between adjacent fireproof isolation plates is 6-10 mm, and the width of the gap ensures that the thermal stress of the wall body is released to provide safety without losing the attractiveness.
In the present invention, since the cover layer 32 is a metal cover layer 32, there is a risk of lightning stroke in thunderstorm weather, and for this reason, the cover layer 32 of the fireproof insulation board with the same height is connected in series to the building lightning protection system 4 by using a metal wire, and the current is transmitted to the ground through the lightning protection system, as shown in fig. 5.
The inventor considers the defects of the existing heat-preservation fireproof materials such as rock wool, and develops the heat-preservation plate with heat-preservation and fireproof performances except for structurally improving the fireproof isolation belt, so that the novel heat-preservation plate for the fireproof isolation belt is provided. Specifically, the novel heat-insulation plate comprises the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of glass fiber;
2-15 parts of phenolic resin, preferably 2-8 parts;
wherein the glass fiber is selected from alkali-free glass fiber or the combination of alkali-free glass fiber and medium alkali glass fiber;
the raw material of the phenolic resin is water-soluble phenolic resin, and the water-soluble phenolic resin belongs to thermosetting resol resin. The selection of the water-soluble phenolic resin avoids the selection of an organic solvent such as ethanol for dissolving the phenolic resin in the production, reduces the concentration of organic matters in the air of a factory building, and improves the production safety. The form of the substance converted from the phenolic resin in the insulation board is considered to belong to the phenolic resin.
In the invention, the phenolic resin in the insulation board is uniformly coated on the surface of the fiber and exists at the lap joint of the glass fiber, so that the glass fiber is bonded to form a three-dimensional porous whole. The content of the phenolic resin and the mechanical property of the insulation board are in linear positive correlation when the content of the phenolic resin is 2-13 wt%, and if the content of the phenolic resin is lower than the minimum value of the above range, the mechanical property (compressive strength and tensile strength of a vertical board surface) is poor; if the content of the phenolic resin is higher than the maximum value of the above range, the corresponding mechanical properties are reduced, the composite material becomes brittle, and the grade A fire resistance cannot be achieved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the glass fiber is a combination of an alkali-free glass fiber and a medium alkali glass fiber, and the mass ratio of the alkali-free glass fiber to the medium alkali glass fiber is 1:1 to 1:3, preferably 1:2 to 1: 3. The heat preservation performance and the tensile strength of the vertical plate surface are optimal when the glass fiber is the alkali-free glass fiber, however, the alkali-free glass fiber is extremely high in cost, and is generally used for manufacturing electronic products, and is used for mass production of heat preservation plates, which are not beneficial to product popularization and application, so that the medium alkali glass fiber with lower cost is properly added during production line manufacturing, the using amount of the medium alkali glass fiber is higher and higher than the range, the finally prepared heat preservation plate can generate the condition of surface spots, the appearance has defects, and if the using amount of the medium alkali glass fiber is continuously increased, the heat preservation performance and the tensile strength of the vertical plate surface of the final product are affected.
Furthermore, the glass fiber is chopped glass fiber, and the filament diameter is 5-20 μm, preferably 5-10 μm; the length is 50-75 mm, and the preferred length error is 5mm, guarantees the length homogeneity. Researches show that the fiber diameter of the glass fiber is relatively related to the thermal insulation performance and the mechanical property of the thermal insulation board, and in the range, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the thermal insulation board is low and the thermal insulation board has high tensile strength of a vertical board surface; the silk diameter is lower than the minimum value of the range, so that the requirements on raw materials are strict and the industrialization is difficult; if the diameter of the wire is too large and is higher than the maximum value of the range, the heat insulation performance and the mechanical property of the heat insulation board are obviously reduced. Further research also finds that the length uniformity of the glass fiber is crucial to the smooth development of the process, and if the length uniformity of the glass fiber is poor, cotton is easily blocked by a carding machine in a fiber carding process, which is more prominent when producing a large-volume-weight insulation board.
Furthermore, the alkali-free glass fiber is made of the leftover material (also called as cutter wire) of the alkali-free glass fiber for producing the circuit board, so that the solid waste is solved, the environment is protected, and the cost is extremely low.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, other coupling agents (such as silane coupling agents KH 550/KH 570/A171/A151, zirconate, borate and the like) or curing agents (such as hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, m-phenylenediamine, tetra-amino trimethyl cyclohexyl methane and the like) for improving the bonding force between the components are not required to be added into the insulation board.
In the invention, water-soluble phenolic resin is selected as a raw material of the phenolic resin, the viscosity of the water-soluble phenolic resin at 25 ℃ is 10-13 cp, the solid content is 30-49 wt%, and the pH is 8.0-10.0, wherein the solid content reflects the amount of phenolic resin polymer obtained by phenolic polycondensation to a certain extent. When the insulation board is prepared, the water-soluble phenolic resin is preferably adhered to the surface of the glass fiber in a spraying mode, and if the viscosity is too high and is higher than the range, the water-soluble phenolic resin is high in condensation speed and not beneficial to spraying and uniform distribution on the surface of the glass fiber; if the viscosity is too low and is lower than the above range, the curing process takes a long time and the amount of the phenolic resin distributed on the glass fibers may be too low. If the solid content is too high and is higher than the range, the content of the phenolic resin in the insulation board is high, so that the fireproof performance is not ensured; if the solid content is too low and is lower than the range, a large amount of water-soluble phenolic resin needs to be added, and because the speed of the conveyor belt under fixed capacity has upper and lower limit requirements, the adoption of a faster conveyor belt speed can cause that the amount of the phenolic resin distributed on the glass fiber is too low and the mechanical property is poor; when the low conveyor speed or the conveyor speed lower than the lower limit requirement is adopted to meet the requirement of the content of the phenolic resin, the curing process consumes long time, the energy consumption is increased and the process control difficulty is increased.
According to the invention, the heat-insulating board has low heat conductivity coefficient, which can be as low as 0.028-0.035W/(m.K) through authority verification, and is a high-efficiency building energy-saving heat-insulating material;
the volume weight of the heat insulation board can reach 150-380 kg/m3Is multiple times of the conventional insulation board product (the organic insulation board is lower than 100 kg/m)3The inorganic heat-insulating board is less than 120kg/m3) The structural strength is good; wherein the volume weight of the insulation board refers to the mass (kilogram) of each cubic meter of the insulation board;
the thickness of the heat-insulating plate can reach 20-80 mm, even 50-80 mm, and the high thickness further ensures the heat-insulating performance;
the tensile strength of the vertical plate surface of the heat-insulation plate can reach more than 0.35MPa, which is far higher than the national standard (0.015MPa), and the problems of low strength and easy falling of other materials are solved;
the heat-insulating board meets the standards of A1-grade non-combustible materials and AQ 2-grade non-toxic materials.
The invention also provides a preparation process of the novel insulation board, which comprises the working procedures of feeding, unpacking, opening, carding, lapping, needling, conveying, spraying, curing and post-treatment (such as cutting), wherein the spraying adopts pipeline type spraying, and the curing adopts a microwave curing mode.
In the spraying process of the present invention, the water-soluble phenol resin is sprayed and distributed on the glass fiber. The traditional process mode is an impregnation method or a shower head type, but the impregnation method needs a large amount of solvent to bring solute into fibers, the large amount of solvent needs a large amount of energy to remove, and the energy consumption is extremely high, while the shower head type is not suitable for flow line production and can not uniformly spray resin on the surfaces of the fibers; therefore, the inventor has conducted a great deal of research to determine that the glass fiber on the conveyor belt of the production line is sprayed by the pipeline, and provides a pipeline spraying device suitable for production of the production line.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 6, the pipeline type spraying device comprises a storage tank, a servo pipe and a spraying pipe, wherein the storage tank is filled with water-soluble phenolic resin and is conveyed to the spraying pipe through the servo pipe, wherein,
the spray pipe is a conical pipe, and the preferred cone angle is 0.2-0.5 degrees; spraying holes with the diameter of 1-2 mm are formed in the spraying pipe at intervals of 2-4 cm, and the spraying holes are preferably located on the same straight line. The shape of the spray pipe, the design of the opening gap and the spray holes are related to the viscosity of the water-soluble phenolic resin, and in the conical pipe, the aperture can improve the adhesion rate of the resin on the glass fiber and the uniformity of the resin distribution on the premise of reducing the blockage of the spray holes by the water-soluble phenolic resin; if the diameter of the spray holes is small and is less than the minimum value of the above range, the water-soluble phenol resin of viscosity in the present invention easily blocks the spray holes; if the diameter of the shower hole is large and is higher than the maximum value of the above range, the sprayed resin droplets are large and the resin is hard to adhere to the glass fibers. If the pore-opening gap is too small and is lower than the minimum value of the range, the resin spraying amount per unit area is obviously increased, and the gel content of the product exceeds the standard; if the hole gap is too large and is higher than the maximum value of the above range, the spray uniformity is not high. For the shape of the spray pipe, a conical pipe, particularly the conical pipe with the taper is adopted, the spray holes on the spray pipe can be designed into through holes with the same size, if a round pipe with the consistent cross section is adopted, the size of the spray holes needs to be adjusted section by section in the conveying direction, and the design and processing of the spray pipe are more complicated.
In the invention, the spray pipe is made of polymer materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the like, and metal materials are not selected. Burrs cannot be generated on the hole wall after the polymer material pipe is mechanically punched, burrs can be generated on the hole wall after the metal pipe is mechanically punched, and then the spraying hole is blocked by hanging glue.
Furthermore, the spray pipe is fixed on the rigid retaining piece, the material conveying belt is positioned below the spray pipe, the spray holes of the spray pipe face downwards, and the spray pipe sprays to the materials in the material conveying process. The rigid retaining piece is bundled with the spray pipe to keep the shape of the spray pipe, so that the uniformity and the fluency of spraying are ensured, and the problems of product quality caused by blockage of a spray opening of the pipe, inconsistent spray flow and the like are avoided.
In the invention, a heating device is arranged in the storage tank, and the temperature of the water-soluble phenolic resin in the storage tank is kept within the temperature range with the highest activity, such as 35-45 ℃.
Further, a stirring device is arranged in the storage tank, so that the state of the water-soluble phenolic resin in the storage tank is kept uniform, and no precipitate is generated.
In the invention, the servo pipe is externally wrapped with the heat-insulating layer so as to be beneficial to heat insulation and flow of materials in the servo pipe.
The inventor of the present invention has found through a great deal of research that the current curing process is implemented by a conventional heating furnace or a drying room, however, the above method is not suitable for curing the low thermal conductivity insulation board of the present invention, otherwise the following problems occur:
(i) the heat conductivity coefficient of the material is very low, the heat is transferred from outside to inside very slowly, and the curing period is very long;
(ii) because the heat transfer is very slow, the temperature gradient occurs in the material, so that the curing is uneven, the layering is easy to occur and the performance is unstable;
(iii) the product is warped due to the internal temperature gradient, and the flatness is unqualified;
(iv) the loss of heat caused by (i) is large, which causes energy loss;
(v) due to (i), the production efficiency is low if the curing period is long, and the requirement of large-scale mass production cannot be met.
Therefore, the inventor of the invention has conducted a great deal of research on the curing process, and by improving the curing device to be microwave curing equipment, the rapid curing of the low-thermal-conductivity material is realized, the product can be stably produced in batches, and the thermal insulation performance and the mechanical property of the obtained product are far higher than the national standard. Meanwhile, the microwave curing equipment activates polar molecules of the water-soluble phenolic resin by microwaves, and the polar molecules vibrate at a high speed, so that the activity of the molecules is greatly excited, and the insulation board with stable mechanical property can be obtained without adding other coupling agents or curing agents for improving the binding force among the components.
The microwave curing equipment comprises a microwave unit, a conveyor belt unit and an air outlet system, wherein the microwave unit is provided with a cavity structure, the conveyor belt unit bears materials sprayed with water-soluble phenolic resin and enters the cavity of the microwave unit, and the microwave unit heats and cures the phenolic resin by microwaves. Specifically, the heating element of the microwave unit is a magnetron 101, and the magnetron 101 is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the microwave unit and is used for microwave heating of the material passing below the magnetron 101.
As shown in fig. 7, the microwave unit is divided into a preheating zone, a curing zone and a post-treatment zone, wherein the magnetron power in the preheating zone accounts for 2/5-3/5 (preferably 1/2) of the total power, the magnetron power in the curing zone accounts for 3/10-1/2 (preferably 2/5) of the total power, and the magnetron power in the post-treatment zone accounts for 1/10 of the total power; wherein, the preheating zone plays a role of drying materials, heating the glass fiber and the water-soluble phenolic resin, and evaporating water vapor; in the curing area, the phenolic resin coated among the glass fibers realizes adhesion and curing, and the surface of the material has viscosity; the post-treatment area is further heated to ensure that the curing degree of the resin reaches more than 98 percent, thereby enhancing the stability of the heat-insulating material. Power partitioning is carried out according to the characteristics of the product, so that the effect similar to that of fiber boiling in warm water caused by slow temperature rise in a preheating zone is avoided on the premise of average power distribution, the material cannot be dried in time, and finally solidification is not finished, so that the product performance is poor; the power is divided according to the characteristics of the product, and the risks of high temperature of a post-processing area, oxidation of phenolic resin and fire on the premise of average power distribution are avoided.
The microwave unit is provided with a plurality of air outlets 102, and each air outlet 102 is communicated with an air outlet pipeline of the air outlet system and used for discharging steam generated by microwave heating. The arrangement of the air outlets meets the requirements that the air outlet flow of the preheating area is not lower than 3/5 of the total air outlet flow, the air outlet flow of the curing area is not lower than 3/20 of the total air outlet flow when the device works, the post-processing area has no air outlet flow, but the post-processing area is provided with at least one air outlet 102, the air outlet 102 of the post-processing area is completely closed when the device works, no air outlet flow exists, but in order to ensure the production safety, if the situations such as material combustion occur, heat dissipation is carried out in time, and the air outlet 102 is. Further, the air outlets 102 in each zone are of the same size, and the air outlets 102 in each zone are evenly distributed. The distribution of the air outlet/air outlet flow avoids that the steam in the preheating area, which is caused by the average distribution of the air outlet/air outlet flow, cannot be quickly discharged, is condensed on the ceiling of the cavity of the equipment and drops on the surface of the material to cause surface 'mottling'; the waste of hot gas in a curing area is avoided, and the energy utilization rate is improved; the waste of hot air inlet when a hot air system is added in the post-treatment area is avoided, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
The inventor discovers in production that the use of microwave has the phenomenon that the heated board is wholly deformed and warped, and then confirms, installs at least one compression roller 104 in the microwave unit, and compression roller 104 exerts pressure to the material that bears on the conveyer belt unit, and the roughness of final product can be guaranteed to the suppression through the compression roller, and the material warp when avoiding high temperature curing leads to final shaping heated board surface unevenness.
Further, the press roll 104 is installed at the end of the preheating zone and/or the initial stage of the curing zone. The installation position of the press rolls is very relevant for the shaping of the product material, and contact pressure is applied at the end of the preheating zone and/or at the beginning of the curing zone.
In the invention, the conveyor belt unit comprises a conveyor belt 201, the conveyor belt 201 is driven by gears 202 positioned at two ends of the microwave unit, and grooves are processed at the bottom of the conveyor belt 201 and are matched with teeth on the gears 202.
Further, the gear 202 is driven by a servo motor, and the servo motor drives the gear 202 to rotate by monitoring the feeding speed, so that the speed of the conveyor belt is the same as the feeding speed.
Further, a support roller 203 is installed at a lower portion of the conveyor belt 201 at an interval, and the support roller 203 is in contact with a rear surface of the conveyor belt 201 to position the entire conveyor belt 201 at a desired height. The support roller 203 is a passive roller, and is driven by the conveyor belt to rotate, so that the conveyor belt speed is not interfered.
In the invention, the microwave curing equipment also comprises a hot air system which comprises an incinerator (preferably an RTO incinerator) and a hot air compensation pipeline, steam discharged by the microwave unit carries unreacted organic matters such as phenol/aldehyde and the like to enter the incinerator for combustion, and hot air generated by combustion in the incinerator enters the microwave unit from the post-treatment area through a hot air inlet 103 on the post-treatment area, so that thermal compensation is realized. In the curing area, the phenolic resin in the material is basically cured, in order to realize continuous curing and improve the stability of the product, the microwave power required by the post-treatment area must be increased, but the action time needs to be very short, so that the microwave heating is extremely difficult to control, the temperature rises instantaneously by hundreds of degrees, the material and equipment are easy to burn, and the production accident is caused. Therefore, through research and development, it is determined that high-power microwaves are not used in the post-treatment area, a hot air system and microwaves are combined initially, and after the temperature is stable, the phenolic resin is further cured only by the hot air system. The hot air system/thermal compensation function ensures the precise control of the working procedure and the production safety while realizing zero pollution of the microwave curing equipment. The compensation flow of the hot air system is related to the productivity and the total power and is not less than the air outlet flow of the curing area.
In the invention, the microwave curing equipment also comprises a humidity monitoring system and a temperature monitoring system, wherein the humidity monitoring system comprises humidity sensors distributed in each area of the microwave unit, the temperature monitoring system comprises temperature sensors distributed in each area of the microwave unit, the temperature sensors and the humidity sensors respectively monitor the temperature and the humidity in each area of the microwave unit, through information feedback, an operator can master the internal condition of the equipment in the curing process and can make corresponding adjustment, when the temperature and the humidity in the microwave unit do not change any more, the specific temperature and humidity balance state of the equipment is established, subsequent materials enter the microwave unit without adjusting microwave curing parameters, and the temperature and humidity balance state can be the basis of batch production of chemical lattice products.
In the present invention, when the curing process is performed by using the microwave curing apparatus, the following steps may be adopted:
the relation between the width dimension of the inner cavity of the microwave curing equipment and the productivity is as follows: the productivity is equal to the conveying speed of the microwave curing equipment multiplied by the allowable effective width of the microwave curing equipment multiplied by the time multiplied by the qualification rate (when the processing capacity of a single equipment is considered, the qualification rate can be temporarily considered to be 100 percent) formula 1;
the microwave power of each zone x the microwave working time of each zone is equal to the composite material total water weight heavy evaporation energy-composite material total resin polymerization energy + air outlet heat-hot gas compensation energy + microwave curing equipment cavity heat loss formula 2.
In the formula 2, the left side and the right side of the equation are time functions, the heat loss of the microwave equipment cavity can be approximately time constants (in a balanced state, the heat exchange between the internal constant temperature field and the external normal temperature field is constant), and the power of each area, the flow distribution and setting of the air outlet, the heat energy compensation amount and the speed of the conveyor belt can be obtained through modeling analysis.
and 3, discharging the material out of the microwave curing equipment, establishing thermal environment balance by the microwave curing equipment, and then carrying out magnetron shutdown adjustment according to the power subareas. Specifically, the power of the preheating zone 1/5-1/4 is closed, and the whole power of the post-treatment zone is closed.
After the thermal environment is balanced, the temperature of the curing area is controlled to be 110 +/-5 ℃ and normally and continuously operated, and the alarm is given out when the temperature is lower than 100 ℃ or higher than 120 ℃. Experience shows that the temperature is 110 +/-5 ℃, and the insulation board can obtain the best performance index.
Examples
The raw material sources of the embodiment of the invention are as follows: the alkali-free glass fiber is purchased from Taishan glass fiber, type short-cut electronic sand; the medium alkali glass fiber is purchased from Taishan glass fiber, and the type is directly wound with sand; water soluble phenolic resins were purchased from tel chemical, model P725271M.
Example 1
The utility model provides a novel fire prevention is decorated integration fire prevention median lays on building outer wall 1, corresponds with floor place high region, for the banding that encircles the wall body, insulation material is connected to upper end and lower extreme, and the fire prevention median outwards includes 10mm bonding mortar layer 2 and 25mm fire prevention isolation sheet layer 3 by building outer wall 1 in proper order. The coverage area of the building outer wall 1 of the area where the fireproof isolation belt is located on the bonding mortar layer 2 reaches 100 percent. The fireproof isolation plates are tightly arranged in the fireproof isolation plate layer 3, the fireproof isolation plates in all rows are arranged at the same height, the fireproof isolation plates in two adjacent rows are aligned, the gap between every two adjacent fireproof isolation plates is 8mm, a plastic caulking strip 36 is laid at the bottom of the gap, and the gap is sealed by weather-resistant silicone adhesive 37.
The fireproof isolation plate comprises an insulation plate 31, a cover layer 32 and a metal L-shaped fixing part 33, wherein the cover layer 32 is of a rectangular shell structure made of an aluminum-zinc-plated steel plate, is sleeved on the outer plate surface of the insulation plate 31 and seals all the plate surfaces outside the inner plate surface bonded with the bonding mortar layer 2, and the thickness of the insulation plate 31 is close to that of the inner cavity of the cover layer 32; l type mounting 33 includes mutually perpendicular's inner arm and outer arm, has inserted the inner arm of L type mounting 33 between the peripheral edge of cover layer 32 and heated board 31, and the outer arm of L type mounting 33 flushes and towards the heated board 31 outside with the interior face of heated board 31, connects heated board 31, cover layer 32 and L type mounting 33 as an organic whole through the rivet of wearing out by cover layer 32. The through-hole has been seted up on L type mounting 33's the outer arm, and the expansion bolts through wearing to establish the through-hole fixes the fire prevention division board on bonding mortar layer 2 with the help of L type mounting 33, and 6 per square meter are no less than to expansion bolts's mounting density. Since the covering layer 32 is a metal covering layer, the covering layer 32 of the fireproof insulation board with the same height is connected in series to the building lightning protection system 4 by using metal wires.
The heat-insulating board is a board with fireproof and heat-insulating properties, and the heat-insulating board and the preparation process thereof are as follows: the glass fiber is prepared, 3000kg of alkali-free glass fiber, 9000kg of medium alkali glass fiber, the yarn diameter of 10 mu m and the length of 75mm are prepared. 2000kg of water-soluble phenolic resin stock, viscosity of 13cp at 25 ℃, solid content of 49wt percent and pH of 10.0.
The glass fiber reaches a spraying machine (spraying water-soluble resin with the amount of 61kg/h) and a microwave curing device through an automatic feeding machine (feeding 75kg of alkali-free glass fiber and 225kg of medium alkali glass fiber per hour), a bale opener, an opener, a carding machine, a lapping machine, a needle machine and a conveyer, and is prepared after 1 hour to obtain a novel fireproof heat-insulation board with the width of 2m and the length of 30m, wherein the volume weight of the novel fireproof heat-insulation board is 208kg/m3Areal density of 5.2kg/m225mm in thickness, A1 grade non-combustible, AQ2 grade non-toxic material,the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.0314W/(m.K), and the tensile strength of the vertical plate surface is 356 KPa. Specific performance data are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Performance data
Wherein the box body of the microwave curing equipment is 40 × 2.4.4 2.4 × 1.6.6 m, the allowable effective width of an inner cavity is 2.1m, the total power of the equipment is 440kW, the preheating zone is 220kW, the curing zone is 176kW, the post-treatment zone is 44kW, when the microwave curing equipment is started, microwaves of all the zones are started along with the progress of materials, the speed of a conveyor belt is 0.5m/min, when the materials pass through the preheating zone, an air outlet system is opened, and the total air outlet flow is 5000m3H, the air outlet flow of the preheating zone is 3500m3H, the air outlet flow of the solidification area is 1500m3H; after the material passes through the curing area, a hot air system is opened, hot air is at 200-220 ℃, and the hot air flow is 1200m3H; after the material head is discharged out of the equipment, the power of the preheating zone 1/4 is closed, the whole power of the post-treatment zone is closed, and the relative steady state of reaction balance is established in the furnace; wherein, the shower is 2.5m long, and the PVC pipe of cone angle 0.5 degree advances gluey end (macrostoma end) 35mm internal diameter, and 1mm spraying hole is seted up at lower edge interval 2 cm.
Because the cover layer is a metal aluminum-zinc-plated steel plate, the heat-insulation plate has A1-grade fireproof performance, and the fireproof isolation plate naturally has A1-grade fireproof performance. The bonding mortar layer has no combustion performance, the fireproof isolation plate has A1-grade fireproof performance, and the formed fireproof isolation belt has excellent fireproof performance. The heat preservation performance of the fireproof isolation belt is provided by the heat preservation plate.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (13)
1. A novel fireproof decoration integrated fireproof isolation belt is characterized in that the fireproof isolation belt is laid on a building outer wall (1), corresponds to a height area where a floor slab between floors is located, is in a belt shape surrounding a wall body, the upper end and the lower end of the fireproof isolation belt are connected with a heat insulation material, the fireproof isolation belt sequentially comprises a bonding mortar layer (2) and a fireproof isolation plate layer (3) from the building outer wall (1) to the outside, and fireproof isolation plates are tightly distributed in the fireproof isolation plate layer (3);
fireproof isolation board includes heated board (31), hood (32) and L type mounting (33), wherein, hood (32) are shell structure, the cover is established on heated board (31) outer face, seal and bond mortar layer (2) whole face outside the inner panel that bonds mutually, L type mounting (33) are including mutually perpendicular's inner arm and outer arm, the inner arm of L type mounting (33) has been inserted between the edge all around of hood (32) and heated board (31), the outer arm of L type mounting (33) flushes and faces heated board (31) outside with the inner panel of heated board (31), through first connecting piece (34) by penetrating outward hood (32) with heated board (31), hood (32) and L type mounting (33) are connected as an organic wholely.
2. Fire barrier as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the area of coverage of the bonding mortar layer (2) on the building outer wall (1) in the area of the fire barrier is up to 100%.
3. Fire barrier as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the insulating plate (31) is similar to the thickness of the cavity of the cover layer (32).
4. Fire barrier as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the height of the inner arm of the L-shaped fixing element (33) is not greater than the thickness of the inner cavity of the cover layer (32);
the outer arm of the L-shaped fixing piece (33) is provided with a through hole, and the fireproof isolation plate is fixed on the bonding mortar layer (2) through a second connecting piece (35) penetrating through the through hole.
5. Fire barrier as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the second joining element (35) is installed in a density of not less than 6 per square metre;
the mounting density of the second connecting pieces (35) is not less than 8 per square meter at the parts with larger negative wind pressure, wherein the civil buildings are more than 50 meters, and the public buildings are more than 40 meters.
6. Fire barrier as defined in claim 1, characterised in that there is a gap between adjacent fire barriers, and that at the bottom of the gap there is laid a plastic caulking strip (36) onto which the gap is sealed by means of a weather-resistant silicone glue (37).
7. Fire barrier as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the covering (32) of fire barriers of the same height is connected in series to the building lightning protection system (4) by means of wires.
8. The fireproof isolation strip of claim 1, wherein the insulation board (31) comprises the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of glass fiber;
2-15 parts of phenolic resin;
wherein the glass fiber is selected from alkali-free glass fiber or the combination of alkali-free glass fiber and medium alkali glass fiber; the raw material of the phenolic resin is water-soluble phenolic resin.
9. The fireproof isolation belt of claim 8, wherein when the glass fiber is a combination of alkali-free glass fiber and medium alkali glass fiber, the mass ratio of the alkali-free glass fiber to the medium alkali glass fiber is 1: 1-1: 3;
the glass fiber is chopped glass fiber with the diameter of 5-20 mu m; the length is 50-75 mm, and the length error is +/-5 mm.
10. The fireproof isolation belt of claim 8, wherein the preparation process of the insulation board comprises a curing process, and the curing process adopts microwave curing equipment to perform microwave curing;
the microwave curing equipment comprises a microwave unit, a conveyor belt unit, an air outlet system and a hot air system, wherein the microwave unit is provided with a cavity structure, the conveyor belt unit bears materials sprayed with the water-soluble phenolic resin and enters the cavity of the microwave unit, and the microwave unit heats and cures the water-soluble phenolic resin through microwaves; the air outlet system is communicated with the microwave unit, steam generated by microwave heating is discharged to the hot air system through the air outlet pipeline, and hot air generated after combustion is returned to the microwave unit after the steam is combusted by the hot air system.
11. A fire barrier as claimed in claim 10, wherein a magnetron (101) is installed at the top of the cavity of the microwave unit to microwave-heat the material passing under the magnetron (101);
the microwave unit is divided into a preheating zone, a curing zone and a post-treatment zone, wherein the power of a magnetron in the preheating zone accounts for 2/5-3/5 of the total power, the material is dried, the power of the magnetron in the curing zone accounts for 3/10-1/2 of the total power, the water-soluble phenolic resin is heated and cured, the power of the magnetron in the post-treatment zone accounts for 1/10 of the total power, and the heating and curing are continuously carried out.
12. A fire barrier as claimed in claim 10, wherein the microwave unit is provided with a plurality of outlets (102), each outlet being connected to an outlet duct of the outlet system; the arrangement of the air outlet (102) meets the requirements that the air outlet flow of the preheating area is not lower than 3/5 of the total air outlet flow, the air outlet flow of the curing area is not lower than 3/20 of the total air outlet flow, the post-processing area has no air outlet flow, and the post-processing area is provided with at least one air outlet.
13. A fire barrier according to claim 10, wherein the hot air system is arranged to direct hot air from the post-treatment zone to the microwave unit via a hot air inlet (103) in the post-treatment zone.
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| CN102071754B (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2012-05-23 | 江苏康斯维信建筑节能技术有限公司 | Heat-insulating decorative fireproof partition board for exterior wall of building and construction method thereof |
| WO2011072451A1 (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-23 | Li Wenman | Panel modules for quick assembling house and house built from the same |
| CN202090448U (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2011-12-28 | 北京建筑技术发展有限责任公司 | Heat-insulating and fireproof structure of building outer wall |
| US20130168389A1 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Microwave heating apparatus and processing method |
| CN103912069A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-09 | 青岛欧立华建筑保温工程有限公司 | Heat-insulation fireproof isolation zone with rock wool |
| CN208280503U (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-12-25 | 佛山市欣中茂节能建材科技有限公司 | A kind of film covering type external wall thermal insulation/decoration integration board |
| CN110757713A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-07 | 际华三五一七橡胶制品有限公司 | Wide and thin rubber sheet foaming process based on infrared, steam and microwave composite heating |
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