CN1117118C - Segmented conformable breathable films - Google Patents

Abstract

Unitary films are provided having at least first and second film segments which extend adjacent one another and are permanently joined together. The first and second segments have different compositions whereby the unitary film includes distinct segments having varied physical properties such as, for example, varied levels of high water-vapor transmission rates and/or elasticity. The unitary films and laminates thereof are well suited for use as outer covers in personal care articles and various other barrier articles.

Description

The air-permeating film of segmented conformable

Invention field

The present invention relates to gas-pervious barrier layer, more particularly, the present invention relates to gas-pervious extensible barrier film and added the goods of this film.

Background of invention

Liquid permeable but the film of vapor permeable has become the important commodity of a class has not obtained widespread use, comprises the outer cover as personal care articles (as diaper or incontinence garments either), medical treatment clothes, working suit etc.By making goods have highly air-permeable (being high vapour permeability), it is more comfortable that articles for use next to the shin are worn, because the migration of steam permeable fabric helps to reduce and/or limits because of gathering the uncomfortable property that too much moisture causes on the skin.In addition, the laminated film of this film has been used for various articles for use next to the shin and many other application.This film can make goods have required barrier property, and lamination other material thereon can provide required characteristic, as intensity, wear resistance and/or good hand feeling.

Though the laminated film of many air-permeating film and film is known in the field, a kind of useful especially laminated film will use the gas-pervious barrier layer of one deck, and the latter comprises the filling microporous membrane that one deck stretched.This film is generally filled with particle or other material, then through the extruding or the fine-meshed screen of formation through film that stretch.These holes form owing to polymkeric substance separates with filler.Hole pattern in this film allows gas and steam permeable film, plays liquid barrier and particulate matter simultaneously again.Control filler content and level of stretch in the film, just produce the network of micropores of certain size and/or distribution of sizes, make film have required level of air permeability.At the common United States Patent (USP) 5 that allows in McCormack of awarding, 855, a kind of typical stretching filled with film has been described in 999, a kind of filled with film is wherein disclosed, it comprises the lime carbonate of a kind of polymkeric substance based on linear polyolefine, a kind of tackiness agent and about 30-80 weight %, wherein, described filled with film can drawn and is made it to have required porosity.This oriented film can be laminated on the supatex fabric then, form a kind of laminated film, its advantage is the intensity and the globality of its existing supatex fabric, and the barrier property of oriented film is arranged again.

From the angle of dressing, highly breathable and the outer cover of liquid impermeable though more comfortable personal care articles is provided, does not need and make us uncomfortable outer cover humidity but usually have people.After liquid had disengaged and absorbed by nursing product, a kind of damp sensation was grown in the continuation use meeting of personal care articles on outer cover.But this moist sensation beastly mainly is not because liquid infiltration is crossed liquid-tight outer cover or because of the leakage of goods causes, and only is water vapor the condensing on outer cover of appearing.But preferably the humidity with outer cover is limited on the possible degree.

Except the ventilation property of film and laminated film, clothes or goods present elastic ability makes clothes have better human body comfort.But, proved already that it was difficult that low-cost film or laminated film with required comfortableness and ventilation property will be provided, particularly with the filled with film of micropore.In order to realize good human body comfort, wish that the polymer composition of film has good stretching and recoverability, also must be able to allow in film, to form and keep micropore simultaneously.In addition, the air-permeable layer press mold is also must be enough stable, so that in use (for example in about 37 ℃ or human body temperature) and wear out with storage in time and still keep required characteristic.About this point, have found that these conditions can reduce the ventilation property of film and/or laminated film and/or reduce their stretching-recovery capacity.

Therefore, need to provide the film and the laminated film thereof of good ventilation property and human body comfort.And, still keep the film and the laminated film thereof of desired properties when also needing condition that thermostability is enough to will to experience usually in standing further processing, use, storage and/or transportation.In addition, also need existing good ventilation property and human body comfort, the low-cost film and the laminated film of good hand and quality attractive in appearance arranged again simultaneously.Further, thereby also need the abundant water vapor of porous to make articles for use next to the shin keep allowing dressing person feel comfortably cool, the while can not condensed too much water vapor again and be made articles for use feel the absorptivity goods next to the shin of damp sensation on outer cover.

Summary of the invention

Finished above-mentioned needs and overcome the problem that those skilled in that art ran into multistage film of the present invention, this multistage film comprises a kind of unit film, it contains the first film section and the second film section, both extend side by side at least in the vertical and/or transversely each other, and wherein the first film section comprise first thermoplastic polymer with and permeable vapor rate WVTR be at least 800g/m ²/ 24h.The WVTR of the described second film section can be lower than the first film section, thereby makes unit film have different ventilation properties in different zones.For example, the first film section can comprise microporous membrane.The second film section can comprise gas-pervious or air-locked film section.In a concrete scheme, first and second film Duan Douke comprises microporous membrane.In addition, the second film section can comprise the elastica section.

In another aspect of this invention, multistage film of the present invention can carry out lamination or be bonded in securely on a kind of sheet material such as supatex fabric, yarn fabric.In addition, film of the present invention and laminated film are very suitable for doing personal-care supplies, protection clothes, protective guard and infection control product.For example, personal care articles of the present invention can comprise the dough sheet of (i) liquid permeable; The outer cover that (ii) comprises the liquid impermeable of multistage film or laminated film; And (iii) absorbent core between outer cover and dough sheet.First and second film section can be positioned at goods with being determined on a case-by-case basis, so that required performance to be provided, as human body comfort, regional permeable vapor rate and/or aesthetic property.

The accompanying drawing summary

Fig. 1 is the top plan view of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Figure 1A takes among Fig. 1 the sectional view at 1A-1A place on the multistage film;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the top plan view of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Fig. 4 A takes among Fig. 4 the sectional view at 4A-4A place on the multistage film;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the top plan view of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Fig. 7 A takes among Fig. 7 the sectional view at 7A-7A place on the multistage film;

Fig. 8 is the skeleton view of a kind of multistage laminated film of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the top plan view of barrier sheet that is used to comprise the absorbing products of multistage film of the present invention;

Figure 10 is the top plan view of barrier sheet that is used to comprise a kind of absorbing products of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Figure 11 is the top plan view of barrier sheet that is used to comprise a kind of absorbing products of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Figure 12 is the top plan view of barrier sheet that is used to comprise a kind of absorbing products of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Figure 13 is the top plan view of barrier sheet that is used to comprise a kind of absorbing products of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Figure 14 is the top plan view of barrier sheet that is used to comprise a kind of absorbing products of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Figure 15 is the top plan view of barrier sheet that is used to comprise a kind of absorbing products of a kind of multistage film of the present invention;

Figure 16 is a kind of front plan view of protecting clothes that comprises a kind of multistage film of the present invention; And

Figure 17 is a kind of front plan view of protecting clothes that comprises a kind of multistage film of the present invention

Definition

As used herein, " comprising " speech means and is included or open and do not repel other unreferenced element, form component or method steps.

As used herein, " non-woven " fabric or net be meant a kind of its structure be fiber or each cross arrangement of yarn but do not resemble braiding or weaving the fabric of definite mode is arranged.Supatex fabric forms by kinds of processes, for example, and melt-blown process, spunbond technology, hy-droentanglement, air and adhesion type carding technology.

As used herein, " spun-bonded fibre " is meant the small diameter fibers of the polymer materials of molecular orientation.Spun-bonded fibre generally forms by following method: molten thermoplastic is extruded from many normally circular pores of spinning nozzle, form monofilament, pass through then, for example, the described method of following document reduces the diameter of extruded monofilament rapidly: people's such as Appel United States Patent (USP) 4,340,563; People's such as Dorschner United States Patent (USP) 3,692,618; People's such as Matsuki United States Patent (USP) 3,802,817; The United States Patent (USP) 3,338,992 and 3,341,394 of Kinney; The United States Patent (USP) 3,502,763 of Hartman; People's such as Dobo United States Patent (USP) 3,542,615; People's such as Pike United States Patent (USP) 5,382,400; People such as Marmon award on November 26th, 1996 application common people such as the U.S. Patent application 08/756,426 that allows and Pike in the common U.S. Patent application 08/565,261 that allows of awarding of application on November 30 nineteen ninety-five.

As used herein, " meltblown fibers " is meant generally the fine-fibered of the polymer materials made from following method: with molten thermoplastic from many tiny, normally extrude in the Yuan Xing capillary nib, form yarn or monofilament, enter convergence at a high speed, normally hot, gas (as air) stream, drawing-down molten thermoplastic monofilament is to reduce its diameter.Then, meltblown fibers is taken and is deposited on out of the collection surface, form the meltblown fibers fabric of random dispersion with high velocity air.This technology is disclosed in, for example, and in the following document: people's such as Butin United States Patent (USP) 3,849,241; The United States Patent (USP) 4,526,733 of Lau; In people's such as people's such as Haynes United States Patent (USP) 5,652,048 and Fitts the United States Patent (USP) 5,366,793.Meltblown fibers can be that successive also can be discontinuous, and mean diameter is generally less than 10 μ m, usually between the about 7 μ m of about 0.5-.

As used herein, " multi-layer nonwoven laminated film " is meant a kind of multilayer laminate film that comprises one deck supatex fabric at least and/or multi-layer nonwoven layer, for example spunbond/meltblown/spunbonded (SMS) laminated film.The example of multi-layer nonwoven laminated film is disclosed in people's such as Brock United States Patent (USP) 4,041,203; In people's such as people's such as Perkins United States Patent (USP) 5,178,931 and Timmons the United States Patent (USP) 5,188,885.

As used herein, " sheet material " speech is meant layer of material, and it can be textile materials, braided material, lax non-woven fabric, supatex fabric or other textile-like.

As used herein, " vertically " or MD are meant a kind of fabric length direction aborning." laterally " or CD are meant the promptly common direction perpendicular to MD of width of fabric.

As used herein, " polymkeric substance " generally comprises, but is not limited to, homopolymer, multipolymer such as block, grafting, random and alternating copolymer, terpolymer etc. and their blend or modifier.And unless special restriction is arranged in addition, " polymkeric substance " speech comprises that all possible molecule founds the structure configuration.These configurations include, but not limited to complete same, a same and atactic symmetries.

As used herein, " blend " is meant two or more mixture of polymers, and " alloy " is meant a subclass in the blend, and component wherein is miscible but handle through increase-volume.

As used herein, " ultrasonic bonding " is meant a kind of bonding process that allows fiber be undertaken by a horn and support roll, and as the United States Patent (USP) 4,374 of Bornslaeger, 888 is described.

As used herein, " spot gluing " is meant on many discrete bonding point one or more layers fabric bondd.For example, focus bonding relates generally to allow one or more layers want the agglutinating layer to pass through between the warming mill, for example, and between carving roller and the slick smoother roller.Mode at depiction on the carving roller will make whole fabric can not be bonded on the whole surface of roller, and support roll is normally flat.Its result also for for the purpose of attractive in appearance, has developed many kinds of carving roller patterns for functional.Example of focus agglutinating has been described in people's such as Hansen United States Patent (USP) 3,855,046.Many other bond pattern are well-known, as people such as Uitenbroek in U.S.'s design patent 356,688 and people such as Levy at United States Patent (USP) 5,620, described in 779.

As used herein, " barrier layer " is meant a kind of liquid impermeable relatively and has film, laminated film or other fabric at least about 50 millibars waterhead (hydrohead).So-called waterhead, as used herein, be meant that fabric measures a kind of of liquid barrier performance, with the millibar be the unit metering, as mentioned below.But, should be noted that in many application of barrier fabric, the water level difference that may wish them is greater than about 80 millibars, 150 millibars or even 200 millibars.

As used herein, " ventilation property " is meant the permeable vapor rate (WVTR) of a fabric, and it is the gram number (g/m with every square metre of water every day ²/ 24h) measure.WVTR can measure as the method shown in hereinafter, and measuring result is with gram/rice ²/ day report.In addition, as used herein, " ventilative " is meant that WVTR is at least 800g/m ²The fabric of/24h.

As used herein, " elasticity " is meant that generally material can extend being subjected to the inclined to one side masterpiece time spent at least one direction, and is returned to its original size immediately substantially when power is removed partially.

As used herein, " lax non-woven fabric " is meant a kind of light weight that is used for backing.Lax non-woven fabric is commonly used to be coated with or the base fabric of laminate product.

As used herein, " clothes " is meant any non-medical and subcommercial clothes of wearing.It comprises union suit (coverall), underwear, trousers, shirt, reducing garment, gloves, socks or the like.

As used herein, " infecting the control product " is meant medical article, and as operating coat and curtain, head-shield is as magnifying cap, operating cap and scarf, working suit, sufficient tool such as shoe cover, boots cover and slippers etc., bandage, bandage, antiseptic gauze, lab-gown, jump suit, apron or the like.

As used herein, " protection clothes " are meant the clothes relevant with industry, as jump suit, apron, working suit or the like.

As used herein, " personal care articles " is meant personal hygiene article such as diaper, training pants, absorbent pants, adult-incontinence clothes, women sanitary articles etc.

As used herein, " protective guard " is meant the outer cover of the vehicles of car, ship, aircraft and so on, stays the outer cover of outdoor article and equipment (as grid and lawn furniture) and courtyard or garden furniture usually, floor cover and tent or the like.

Detailed Description Of The Invention

Multistage film of the present invention comprises two sections or multistage, and wherein at least one section is gas-pervious.In with reference to figure 1 and 1A, illustrated a kind of multistage film 10 that contains first section 12 and second sections 14, wherein at least the first section 12 is gas-pervious.As used herein, " gas-pervious " is meant a kind of material of water permeable steam, and its WVTR is at least about 800g/m ²/ 24h.Preferred first section 12 accounts at least about 5% in the area of multistage film 10, more preferably accounts for about 25-about 95% in the area of multistage film 10.The water level difference of preferred multistage film 10 is at least about 50 millibars, and more preferably the water level difference is above about 75 millibars.In addition, though the multistage film might be thicker, the maximum ga(u)ge of preferred cell multistage film is no more than about 50 μ, and more preferably maximum film thickness is between about 10 μ and about 35 μ.Can select first and second section 12 and 14, make them comprise the different film of performance, for example different WVTR and/or elastic performance.

Contain the multistage film of the different film sections of different gas permeability and/or spring level, as described herein, can form by several different methods.The multistage film can be by forming the method for each adjacent segments coextrusion, and for example, at United States Patent (USP) 4,553, disclosed method and equipment in 510, the full content of patent are included in that this is for reference with people such as Nissel.Being used for being shaped, the film mouth mould of co-extrusion film can be from Chippewa Falls abreast mutually, and the Extrusion Dies company of WI buys.Can the component that each film section is required mix respectively, heating, coextrusion forms each section unit multistage film side by side then.This film can be made by any technology in the multiple film-forming process known in this area, for example, and with hydrostomia or the preparation of blown film equipment.Then coextrusion multistage film is processed on request.In another inventive aspect, can prepare each film section in the unit film respectively, bonded to each other them then.For example, can produce the film that comprises single film section earlier, the edge with each film is superimposed together then.With hot, ultrasonic or tackiness agent the film section is adhered to one another along the overlap joint interface then.Preferably use heat and pressure that the overlap of film is for good and all welded together simultaneously.

In one aspect, unit multistage film can be stretched at least one direction, thereby reduces film thickness.As hereinafter discussing in more detail, a kind of special ideal film is a kind of micropore stretching filled with film, and this film comprises at least a thermoplastic polymer and filler.About micropore stretching filled with film, stretching makes the gas-pervious network of micropores of film energy except reducing the thickness, can also making film have porosity and form one.Stretching can realize by the known various means of those skilled in that art.Film can stretch on one or two direction in MD and the CD both direction or be orientated.For example, orientation apparatus can be from such as RhodeIsland longitudinally.The Marshall of Providence and Williams company buy, and diaxial orientation equipment can be buied from the Br ü ckner GMBH company of German Siegsdorf.As another example, film can stretch with carving roller or the pattern roller described in the following document: the United States Patent (USP) 4,153,751 of Schwarz; People such as the United States Patent (USP) 5,028,289 of Rasmussen and Jameson award on November 17th, 1998 application common and allow Application No. 60/108,773; The full content of above-mentioned bibliography is included in that this is for reference.When adopting one or more stretch section, following way may be favourable: anneal or thermal-setting when the multistage film is in stretching or tensioning state, thereby fixedly stretch section also reduces the possibility that causes film crape folding because of the retraction force of stretch section.In addition, when the film that uses preliminary shaping respectively to bond together then, this film might for good and all combine and processes before or after forming unit multistage film in each film section, for example, film is drawn thin etc.

Be applicable to that polymkeric substance of the present invention is a lot.The multistage film can be from being suitable for film forming thermoplastic polymer manufacturing, and preferably comprise very easy by stretching the thermoplastic polymer of attenuate.Be applicable to film-forming polymer of the present invention, no matter use separately or use with other combination of polymers, only as an example, comprise polyolefine, ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene/ethyl acrylate (EEA), ethylene/acrylic acid (EAA), ethylene/methyl acrylate (EMA), the positive butyl ester of ethylene/acrylic acid (EnBA), polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), nylon, ethylene/vinyl alcohol (EVOH), polystyrene (PS), urethane (PU), polybutene (PB), polyether ester, polymeric amide, polyetheramides and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).

The polymkeric substance that preferably is used for forming one or more film sections includes, but not limited to polyolefine.The kind of polyolefin polymer is a lot, and thinks the concrete composition of polyolefin polymer and manufacture method thereof to the present invention and not really important, therefore think can film forming tradition and non-traditional polyolefine all be applicable to the present invention.As used herein, " tradition " polyolefine is meant the polyolefine made from traditional catalyst such as Ziegler-Natta catalyst.The polyethylene that is suitable for and the commodity of polyacrylic polymer are a lot, and for example, linear low density of polyethylene has the commodity AFFINITY or the ASPUN of Dow chemical company, and traditional polypropylene has the commodity ESCORENE of Exxon chemical company.In addition, elasticity and the nonelastomeric polyolefins by " metallocene ", " can limit shape " or the manufacturing of " single-point " catalyzer also is applicable to the present invention.The example of this class catalyzer and polymkeric substance is described in following document to some extent: people's such as Obijeski United States Patent (USP) 5,472,775; People's such as Erderly United States Patent (USP) 5,451,450; People's such as Lai United States Patent (USP) 5,278,272; People's such as Lai United States Patent (USP) 5,272,236; People's such as Kaminsky United States Patent (USP) 5,204,429; People's such as Etherton United States Patent (USP) 5,539,124; United States Patent (USP) 5,554,775 with people such as Krishnamurti; The full content of these patents is included in that this is for reference.The patent of above-mentioned Obijeski and Lai has provided typical polyolefin elastomer, in addition, typical new LDPE (film grade) elastomerics has the commodity AFFINITY of the Dow chemical company of Michigan Midland, TX, the commodity ENGAGE of the commodity EXACT of the Exxon chemical company of Houston and Dow Elastomers company of L.L.C Du Pont.

In addition, thinking that stereo-block polymer also is applicable to puts into practice the present invention very much." stereo-block polymer " thus be meant to have the polymer materials that zone of control degree of isotacticity or upright structure sequence can reach required polymer crystallization degree.By between polymerization period, controlling tacticity, might realize random-isotactic block.The method that forms the polyolefine stereo-block polymer is known in this area, and in following document, describe to some extent: G.Coates and R.Waymouth, " Oscillating Sterecontrol:A Strategy for the Synthesis ofThermoplastic Elastomeric Polypropylene (the upright structure control of vibration: a kind of method of synthetic polypropylene thermoplastic elastomer ", 267 Science 217-219 (January nineteen ninety-five); K Wagener, " Oscillating Catalysts:A New Twist for P1astics (vibration catalyzer, a kind of novel method that is used for plastics) " 267 Science 191 (January nineteen ninety-five).At people's such as Waymouth United States Patent (USP) 5,594,080, among the United States Patent (USP) 5,208,304 of Waymouth and the european patent application publication 0475306A1 stereo-block polymer and their production method have been described also.As implied above, the degree of crystallinity by control alkene might provide the polymkeric substance that presents unique tensile modulus and/or elongation characteristics.In addition, polyolefin copolymer, particularly propylene-ethylene copolymers also are applicable to the present invention.Take a single example, typical propylene-ethylene copolymers may comprise the polystep reaction product, wherein, a kind of unbodied ethylene/propylene olefinic random copolymer is dispersed in the successive substrates based on hemicrystalline high-content propylene monomer/low levels vinyl monomer with molecular form.The example of this polymkeric substance is described in the United States Patent (USP) 5,212,246 of Ogale and the United States Patent (USP) 5,331,047 of Giacobbe to some extent at the United States Patent (USP) 5,300,365 of Ogale.This base polymer can be buied from Himont company, and commodity are called the CATALLOY polymkeric substance.

The example of other commodity resilient material includes, but not limited to following polymers: elastomer polyurethane for example, the commodity ESTANE of B.F.Goodrich company, or the commodity MORTHANE of Morton Thiokol company; The flexible polyether ester is as, the commodity ARNITEL of the commodity HYTREL of E.I. E.I.Du Pont Company and DSM N. V. of Holland Sittard (before being the commodity of the Akzo Plastics company of HollandArnhem); And Philadelphia, the flexible polyether acid amides of the commodity of the ElfAtochem company of PA PEBAX by name.As the other example, the thermoplastic elastomer that is suitable for also comprise by general formula be the segmented copolymer of A-B-A ' make those, wherein A and A ' are respectively that to contain a kind of vinylbenzene fragment be a kind of elastomeric polymer mid-block such as conjugated diolefine or a kind of lower alkanols olefin polymer as the thermoplastic polymer end block and the B of poly-(vinyl-arene).In addition, typical segmented copolymer comprises A-B-A-B four block polymers that contain a kind of isoprene monomer unit and be hydrogenated to abundant poly-(ethylene-propylene) monomeric unit, for example, a kind of vinylbenzene-poly-(ethylene-propylene)-vinylbenzene-poly-(ethylene-propylene) elastomeric block copolymers.As specific examples, typical elastomerics can comprise (polystyrene/poly-(ethene-butylene)/polystyrene) segmented copolymer and polyolefine/KRATON blend that Shell chemical company commodity are called KRATON, as people such as Wisneski at United States Patent (USP) 4,663,220 and people such as Taylor at United States Patent (USP) 5, described in 332,613 those, the full content of above-mentioned bibliography are included in that this is for reference.

As implied above, first section in the multistage film comprises air-permeating film.Be applicable to that air-permeating film of the present invention is a lot, comprise micropore and integral body (being atresia) film.Comprising one or more snippets air-permeating film of first section can be elasticity or stiff, and preferably its WVTR is at least about 800g/m ²/ day, more preferably WVTR surpasses about 1500g/m ²/ day, more preferably WVTR surpasses about 3500g/m again ²/ day, even more preferably WVTR surpasses about 5000g/m ²/ sky or higher.On the one hand, first section can be stiff or its elasticity is not so good as second section, and ventilation property is higher than second section.When whole or non-micro-porous permeable film comprised polymkeric substance (promptly allowing water vapor to spread the polymkeric substance of film easily) itself that have good permeable vapor rate as urethane, polyether ester, polyetheramides, EMA, EEA, EVA etc., they can show air permeability and good.The example that is applicable to the ventilative microporous membrane of doing in the multistage film one or more sections comprises, but be not limited to, the United States Patent (USP) 5 of described in the following reference those: McCormack, 695,868, people such as McCormack are in the U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/724,435 of application on February 10th, 1998; People such as McCormack are in the U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/722 of application on October 1st, 1996,726, people such as McCormack are in the U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/882 of application on June 25th, 1997,712, people such as McCormack are in the U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/883 of application on June 25th, 1997,164, people such as Haffner are in the U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/929,562 of application on September 15th, 1997; People such as Gwaltney are in the U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/843,147 of application on April 25th, 1997; People such as Shawver are in the U.S. Patent Application Serial 09/122,326 of application on July 24th, 1998; The United States Patent (USP) 4,777,073 of Sheth and the United States Patent (USP) 4,867,881 of Kinzer; The full content of above-mentioned reference is included in that this is for reference.

Second section can be air-locked or gas-pervious film section, and preferably comprises air-permeating film.In addition, second section can be elasticity or non-flexible film.Preferred second section is Elastic Film and comprises one or more elastomeric polymers.Second section can comprise with above first section described those similar film.But first section composition and/or structure are different from concrete composition and/or the structure second film section and first and second section will be selected according to the other side each other, to realize the required functional and/or aesthetic property of unit multistage film.The concrete film of each section forms and/or structure will be selected according to various Considerations such as end-use, cost, weather resistance, intensity, storage and product life phase etc.Hereinafter will be more detailed and a plurality of examples thoroughly are discussed.

In one aspect of the present invention, the multistage film can comprise the film that ventilation property becomes with the zone.For example, still with reference to figure 1 and Figure 1A, first section 12 can comprise along the film length direction by second section 14 separated air-permeating film.Can comprise ventilative or airtight film for second section 14.In order to make unit film reach different zones different ventilation properties is arranged, can select its WVTR than second section 14 high first section 12.The WVTR of adjacent segment can change with the composition and/or the structure of selected film, thereby produces the film that a kind of adjacent segment has different gas permeability.About this point, by each section being selected different compositions, first section 12 can have different WVTR with second section 14.For example, first section 12 can be than second section 14 filler that contains higher weight percentage.Like this, when the stretching filled with film, just produce a kind of multistage film that contains first ventilative the section 12 and second ventilative section 14, wherein the WVTR height of first section 12 WVTR than second section 14.In addition and/or on the other hand, first section 12 and second sections 14 can comprise dissimilar fillers.Therefore the WVTR of each section can change according to multistage film desired application.In unit multistage film, can have a mind to the high or low film section of ventilation property of arranging, have desired ventilation property on the selected position to be implemented in.

In another aspect, may wish that each section comprises opaque film.From angle attractive in appearance, this is that some goods such as diaper are needed, and purpose is to cover dirty absorbent core.Opaque filler can be included in one or more snippets on demand, thereby produces the multistage film of even opacity.But the weight % and/or the type of filler can change in different sections, can optionally realize the ventilative level of each section like this, have basic opacity uniformly simultaneously again.As a specific examples, first section 12 can comprise and contain CaCO ₃The highly breathable micropore LLDPE film of filler particles, and second section 14 can comprise and contain TiO ₂The LLDPE film that the ventilation property of filler and porosity are lower.

As another example, first section 12 can comprise different polymkeric substance to realize different WVTR levels with second section 14.About this point, adopt different polymkeric substance to form, each section can comprise or micropore or non-microporous membrane and/or filling or filled with film not.On the one hand, can comprise polymkeric substance and first section 12 different filled polymer film of the polymkeric substance that is comprised that filled polymer film and second section 14 can comprise wherein to be comprised for first section 12, wherein, when unit multistage film 10 stands to stretch, can make first section 12 ventilation property be higher than second section 14 WVTR.For example, linear low density of polyethylene (LLDPE) filled with film and second section 14 can be comprised for first section 12 and the elastic polyethylene filled with film can be comprised.Resultingly draw thin air-permeating film will contain the WVTR value to be higher than second section 14 first section 12.The consumption of filler and/or type also can be formed change with polymkeric substance, so that each section reaches desired WVTR, opacity and/or elasticity.

In another aspect, according to the present invention the human body comfort of unit film is improved.Still with reference to figure 1 and 1A, multistage film 10 can comprise the one 12 and second section 14, and wherein, one of first or second section is stretch section and another section is ventilative section.For example, non-resilient ventilative section and second section 14 can be comprised for first section 12 and stretch section can be comprised.The preferred first ventilative section 12 accounts at least about 25% in the area of multistage film, more preferably accounts for about 50%-about 95% in the area of multistage film.Elastic second section 14 can comprise ventilative or air-locked film.As a specific examples, first section 12 can comprise micropore LLDPE filled with film and second section 14 and can comprise and comprise elastomeric polyolefin such as the poly non-microporous membrane of elastomerics.Perhaps, second section also can comprise elastic ventilative non-microporous membrane such as urethane, polyether ester or polyetheramides film.Further, first section can comprise micropore polyolefin filled with film and second section and can comprise KRATON/ polyolefin polymer blend.

The elastica section can comprise elastomerics and preferably it lags behind less than 60%, more preferably lags behind less than about 50%, and more preferably lags behind less than about 40% again.Nonelastic range can comprise that those comprise it and lag behind greater than the nonelastic range of about 60% non-elastomer polymer.In another aspect, the elastica section can comprise thermoplastic elastomer thin film, and its retraction/percentage elongation is greater than 25, and preferred retraction/percentage elongation is greater than about 35, and more preferably retraction/percentage elongation is at least about 50.About this point, the non-elastomeric film section can comprise retraction/percentage elongation and be lower than about 25 thermoplastic polymer film.In another aspect, the preferred elastomeric section comprises the thermoplastic elastic body thin film, its may extend into by the inclined to one side masterpiece time spent to stretch or off-axis after length be at least its not stressed relaxed length about 160%, and after pulling force is removed, will reply at least 55% immediately.The example of a hypothesis is: an a kind of 1cm sample of material may be elongated to 1.60cm at least, and will be returned to the length that is not more than 1.27cm after drawing force is removed.Many thermoplastic elastomer thin films show bigger elongation and recoverability, many highly elastic materials can be stretched to they not stressed relaxed length 160%, and after extending force is removed, have approximately in its elongation more than 75% and can reply immediately.

In the present invention on the other hand, each film section may itself comprise the single or multiple lift film.With reference to figure 2, illustrated a multistage film 10, wherein comprise multilayer film and second section 14 for first section 12 and comprise single thin film.Can comprise one or more layers skin 16 and one or more layers central core or middle layer 18 for first section 12.In a preferred embodiment, the multilayer film section can comprise, and for example, those films described in the following document: people such as McCormack are in the U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/724,435 of application on February 10th, 1998; People such as Haffner are in the U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/929,562 of application on September 15th, 1997, and people such as McCormack are in the U.S. Patent application 08/882,712 of application on June 25th, 1997; The content of above-mentioned reference is included in that this is for reference.In addition, first section 12 and second sections 14 all can comprise multilayer film.In with reference to figure 3, first section 12 can comprise skin 16 and sandwich layer 18 and the second film section 14 and can comprise skin 17 and sandwich layer 19.First section 12 skin 16 and 17 with second section 14 can comprise identical, similar or different compositions.But preferred first section 12 comprises identical with the skin 16 and 17 of the second film section 14 or basic similarly polymer composition.All one or more snippets is arranged is elastic, and then preferred topped skin on stretch section comprises the extensible layer of one deck.About this point, when those only accounted for a little percentage ratio as stiff layer in total thickness, these inelastic layers still can be used, because elongation and answer that they do not hinder core layer to provide.But preferred topped skin on stretch section has good extensibility.For example, first section 12 sandwich layer 18 can comprise non-resilient ventilative micropore LLDPE filled with film, and the skin 16 and 17 that second section sandwich layer 19 can comprise elastic polyolefin and first section 12 and second sections 14 can comprise the blend of LLDPE and EMA.

In the present invention on the other hand, the multistage film can comprise one or more snippets discrete stretch section between ventilative section.In one embodiment, ventilative section comprises the well basic nonelastic range of ventilation property.In with reference to figure 4 and 4A, multistage film 20 can comprise first section 22 and second section 24 between them discretely.Discrete stretch section 24 can be gas-pervious also can be air-locked.The preferred first ventilative section 22 accounts at least about 25% in the area of multistage film 20, even more preferably accounts in the area of multistage film 10 at least about 50%-about 95%.In addition, the width of discrete stretch section (size on the film CD direction) is 0.1cm at least, and preferable width is at least about 1cm or wideer.Ventilative section width separating second stretch section can be according to the desired performance of multistage film is changed; With bigger stretch section and or more intensive section group will improve unit multistage film total stretching and recoverability.First ventilative section 22 and second stretch section 24 can comprise the single or multiple lift film.In with reference to figure 5, the first ventilative section can comprise the multilayer film that comprise outer 26 and sandwich layers 28, and second stretch section 24 can comprise single thin film.In a specific embodiments, the first ventilative section 22 can comprise people such as one deck such as McCormack can comprise elastic polyethylene in Application No. 08/882,712 described those the non-resilient multilayer film and second elastic layer 24 of application on June 25th, 1997.As another example, in reference to figure 6, first ventilative section 22 and second stretch section 24 all can comprise multilayer film, wherein first section comprise outer 26 and middle layer 28 and second section comprise outer 27 and middle layer 29.The preferred first ventilative section 22 can comprise similar or identical polymer composition with the skin 26 and 27 of second stretch section 24, as EMA, EEA, EVA or their polyolefin blends.

As mentioned above, be applicable to that polymkeric substance of the present invention is a lot.The polymkeric substance of adjacent segment should be compatible on following meaning: promptly they have enough cohesive forces and form a successive adhesive film.About this point, adopt blend polymer can improve bonding dynamics between the adjacent segment.For example, polyethylene and polypropylene itself are inconsistent, and polyethylene/polypropylene blend can be compatible with polyethylene and/or polypropylene section.In a specific embodiments, first section can comprise LLDPE and polyacrylic impact-resistant copolymer (as people such as Kobylivker in the U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/962 of application on October 31st, 1997,564 is described, its full content is included in that this is for reference), and adjacent second section can comprise a kind of elastomeric polypropylenes.In addition, increase-volume also can realize by add one or more bonding or tackifying resins in the film section.Typical bonding or tackifying resin is described in the United States Patent (USP) 5,695,868 of McCormack to some extent.In addition, in order to use the more polymkeric substance of wide region, also can adopt increase-volume section or connected section.Therefore, the multistage film that utilizes the increase-volume section just may reach the discrete segments of using incompatible polymer forms successive bonding multistage film.In with reference to figure 7, multistage film 30 can comprise first section 32 and second sections 34, wherein increase-volume section 36 is distributed between first and second section 32 and 34.As a specific examples, first section can comprise that the ventilative nonelastic range that comprises micropore LLDPE film and second section can comprise elastomeric polypropylenes.The increase-volume section is distributed between first and second section, and can comprise, for example, and ethylene-propylene copolymer.In another inventive point, increase-volume section itself can comprise bonding or tackifying resin or amorphous poly-aliphatics alkene, the commodity amorphous polypropylene tackiness agent EASTMAN 1023PL resin of the Eastman chemical company of described resin of binding property such as Texas Longview, the commodity VESTOPLAST of the H ü ls AG company of the commodity REXTAC of the Huntsman company of described amorphous poly-aliphatics alkene such as UT Salt Lake City and German Marl.The composition of compatibilizing layer can change according to the concrete polymkeric substance that required film performance and adjacent segments comprise.

Multistage film of the present invention can randomly be laminated to one or more other additional film and/or fabric gets on.In with reference to figure 8, multistage film 10 is glued on the nonwoven web 11.Can select the concrete composition that is bonded to any other layer that the multistage film gets on, to satisfy required performance such as attractive in appearance, intensity, weather resistance, feel or the like.For example, can be on cloth, supatex fabric, foam, lax non-woven fabric, multi-layer nonwoven laminated film etc. with the multistage film laminating.Multistage film and other fabric can pass through the known method of those skilled in that art, and be as thermal caking, ultrasonic bonding, binding agent bonding etc., laminated together.The focus bonding is a kind of exemplary means of each layer of lamination.When having one or more snippets to comprise a stretch section in all multistage films, then any other layer that will be laminated on it preferably comprises a kind of extendible material or fabric.About this point, described other layer can comprise, for example, extendible nonwoven material (for example, crape is knitted supatex fabric or comprised the highly supatex fabric of wavy staple), mesh fabric, woven scrim, elastic composite and/or other suchlike material.Comprise the following thermoplastic fibre of one or more layers performance in the preferred fabric, elastic, itself is extendible or it is extensible and/or elastic to become through handling, and can have as the feel of cloth with dangle sense.The example of suitable extensible and/or resilient material is described in following document to some extent: people's such as Morman United States Patent (USP) 4,965,122; 5,114,781 of Morman etc.; People's such as Morman 5,336,545; People's such as Vander Wielen 4,720,415; People's such as Kieffer 4,789,699; People's such as Taylor 5,332,613; People's such as Collier 5,288,791; People's such as Wisneski United States Patent (USP) 4,663,220; People's such as Shawver 5,540,976; People's such as Djiaw European application number 0,712,892A1; People's such as Shawver U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/603,961; People's such as Levy U.S. Patent Application Serial 08/674,365; With people such as Griesbach in the U. S. application of application on January 11st, 1999 number 08/671,391; The content of above-mentioned reference is included in that this is for reference.The composition of described thermoplastic polymer can be selected on request, so that a kind of material has desired physicals such as elasticity, feel, tensile strength, cost or the like.In addition, non-woven skin can be with handling such as methods such as embossing, hy-droentanglement, mechanical softening, printing and dyeing, antistatic treatment or handling to realize desired attractive in appearance and/or functional performance with other method.

Multistage film of the present invention and their laminated film can be applicable in many application, for example, and personal care articles, infection control product, protection clothes, protective guard, clothes or the like.But, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that multistage film of the present invention is applied to many other to be used in the application of breathable barrier fabrics and have superiority.As a concrete example, multistage film of the present invention is easy to transform and add in the breathable barrier layer of diaper or adult-incontinence clothes.Though the ventilation property that is provided by microporous membrane and/or their laminated film all has superiority in many goods,, may not need ventilation property in some cases.For example, in personal care articles such as diaper or incontinence garments either, breathable barrier layer and absorbent core generally work simultaneously, arrange in the nursing product to keep body fluid.But when liquid was stayed in the absorbent core, very high water vapor amount began to see through the breathable barrier layer.More and more outsides that can condense in clothes through outer field water vapor.Coagulum is water only, but look as if leakage.In addition, condensed water can make the outside of clothes produce a kind of damp uncomfortable sensation, and this is beastly for the people who touches these class article.If the WVTR of breathable barrier layer is lower in these positions, they also can make clothes have good snugness of fit when providing good ventilation property to the position, place so, and can also reduce the possibility that outer cover is sent out wet.About this point, as hereinafter discussing in more detail, the section that the ventilation property of can arranging wittingly in absorbent commodity is higher Yu lower is to help to reduce and/or eliminate the humidity of outer cover.In another aspect, the invention provides has the film that stretches with recovery on the CD direction, has added this kind film and has the goods of good human body comfort thereby provide a kind of.And, can realize good human body comfort and needn't too much sacrifice ventilation property or barrier.

Personal care articles generally comprises one deck and faces dressing person's the dough sheet of liquid permeable and the outer cover of one deck liquid impermeable.Between dough sheet and outer cover, lay an absorbent core.Usually dough sheet and outer cover are sealed and encase absorbent core.Multistage film of the present invention and laminated film are particularly suitable for doing the outer cover of personal care articles.The example of personal care articles exists, and for example, describes to some extent in the following document: people's such as Enloe United States Patent (USP) 5,415,644; People's such as Meyer United States Patent (USP) 4,798,603; People's such as Menard United States Patent (USP) 5,810,797; People's such as Herren United States Patent (USP) 4,641,381; People's such as Boland United States Patent (USP) 4,701,175; People's such as Van Gompel United States Patent (USP) 4,938,797; The full content of above-mentioned reference is included in that this is for reference.In addition, though detailed description hereinafter carries out at disposable diaper, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that notion of the present invention also is applicable to the absorbent commodity of other type, particularly other personal care articles.In addition, several specific configurations illustrate though The present invention be directed to, and should be understood that those skilled in the art also can make up or change and do not depart from spirit of the present invention and scope concrete structure discussed below.

In with reference to figure 9, illustrated a kind of barrier flaps that is used for the liquid impermeable of diaper or incontinence garments either, it comprises successive multistage film 40, and the latter comprises first section 44 and second sections 42.Air-permeating film and second section 42 can be comprised for first section 44 and the film that WVTR is lower than first section 44 can be comprised.In a specific embodiments, first section 42 can comprise micropore LLDPE film and second section 42 and can comprise elastic polyolefin film opaque, airtight or that ventilation property is lower.Second section 42 can be elastic, also can be stiff.In addition, in a preferred embodiment, first section 44 can comprise gas-pervious elasticity monolithic film membrane, as polyether ester or urethane.As implied above, this base polymer can allow water vapor easily to spread film, so this monolithic film membrane can have air permeability and good.By the one section low WVTR section of partly arranging along article center, just can reduce the tendency that the goods outer cover is sent out wet.In addition and/or on the other hand, adopt a central elastic section can make goods have the human body comfort of raising.

As another example, in reference Figure 10, illustrated a kind of barrier flaps that is used for the liquid impermeable of diaper or incontinence garments either, it comprises successive multistage film 50, and the latter comprises first section 52 and second sections 54.Barrier flaps can transform from multistage film 50 and come, wherein " ear " of diaper (" ear ") corresponding to the centre portions of second district 54 and goods corresponding to one or more snippets first section 52.Preferably comprise air-permeating film for first section 52, the whole or multi-layer microporous film as one deck, they can be elastic also can be stiff.Preferably comprise stretch section for second section 54, for example comprise the film section of elastic polyurethane or KRATON/ polyolefin blends with good elongation and recoverability.At another example with in reference Figure 11, multistage film 60 can be transformed the film forming sections and arrange, rather than resemble and arrange along the length of goods shown in Figure 10 along the width of goods.Multistage film 60 can comprise first district 62 and second district 64.First district 62 preferably comprises air-permeating film and second district 64 can comprise Elastic Film.Second section 64 can be ventilative or air-locked film.But those skilled in the art will appreciate that by regulating these zones, the ear of these goods and/or the WVTR of upper area can be improved.

As another example, in reference Figure 12, illustrated a kind of liquid impermeable barrier flaps that is used for diaper or incontinence garments either, it comprises successive multistage film 70, and the latter comprises first section 72, second sections 74 and the 3rd sections 76.Preferably comprise air-permeating film for first section 72, the latter can be elastic, also can be stiff.In one embodiment, can comprise for the 3rd section 76 air-permeating film and also can be with first section 72 identical or different; The 3rd section preferably comprises the air-permeable elastic film.Can comprise Elastic Film and/or increase-volume section for second section 74.As a specific examples, first district 72 can comprise fills micropore LLDPE film, and second district 74 can comprise compatibilized polypropylene impact-resistant copolymer and the 3rd section 76 can comprise elastomeric polypropylenes.As implied above, can regulate with non-conterminous ear that connects of absorbent core or upper area in these goods, so that improve these regional WVTR.As another example, in reference Figure 13, multistage film 80 can comprise the first film section 82, the second film section 84 and tertiary membrane section 86.The first film section 82 preferably comprises the foregoing air-permeating film of one deck.In one embodiment, the second film section 84 can comprise the increase-volume section and the 3rd district can comprise stretch section.In another embodiment, the second film section 84 can comprise stretch section and the 3rd section 86 can comprise air-permeating film, and the latter can randomly comprise and first section 82 similar compositions.As a specific examples, first section 82 can comprise the LLDPE microporous membrane, and second section can comprise elastic polyethylene and the 3rd section and also can comprise the LLDPE microporous membrane.

As another example, in reference Figure 14, multistage film 90 can comprise many first section 92, they by many second section 94 separate.This multistage film can comprise the film section narrower with respect to the total width of film and/or goods, and they are alternately arranged on the whole width of goods.In a specific embodiments, first section 92 can comprise and contain CaCO ₃The opaque ventilative micropore LLDPE film of filler, and second section 94 can comprise one deck and contain TiO ₂Opaque, the airtight LLDPE film of filler.In another embodiment, one deck gas-pervious micropore LLDPE film and second section can be comprised for first section 92 and the gas-pervious filling microcellular elastomeric of one deck polyethylene film can be comprised.

As another example, in reference Figure 15, illustrated a barrier flaps that is used for the liquid impermeable of diaper or incontinence garments either, it comprises a successive multistage film 100, and the latter comprises first section 102 and second sections 104.Can comprise opaque air-permeating film for first section 102, for example fill microporous membrane.Second section 104 film that can comprise translucent and/or substantially transparent.With second section 104 position that is layered on adjacent absorbent core,, can make father and mother or paramedic needn't remove diaper and just can determine whether diaper has been made dirty like this in the bottom of article center part.As a specific examples, translucent section 104 can comprise a non-filled polyolefin film section.This concrete configuration also can with include, but not limited to previously described scheme and combine employing in interior various other multistage film embodiments.

Multistage film and/or their laminated film also can be converted into operating coat, protectiveness working suit and suchlike clothes.About this point, medical clothes usually requires dressing person is had the protectiveness of height, for example, prevents that blood from seeing through (ASTM test F 1670-97) and/or anti-hemostasis contains cause of disease through (ASTM test F 1671-97a).By comprising continuous film, can obtain good stretching and human body comfort and do not lose required barrier property.In reference Figure 16 and 17, operating coat or working suit can comprise ventilative first section 112 with good WVTR, and it is very comfortable that clothes is worn.Can comprise stretch section for second section 114, and make clothes have better stretchiness and human body comfort.Preferably comprise elastic air-permeating film for second section 114.In addition, elastic second section 114 can be arranged in the clothes on request, for example, and around the seam or be close to seam.

Though added various patents and other reference material in this article,, between the material that adds and the specification sheets of being write, discordance is to a certain degree also arranged, so be as the criterion with the specification sheets of being write.In addition, though the present invention has described specific embodiments in detail,, to one skilled in the art, obviously can carry out various changes, modification and other variation and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Test

Basic weight: the basic weight of various materials can be measured according to federal test method 191A/5041.

Waterhead: waterhead is that fabric is measured the height of the water that waterhead test determination fabric can be supported or hydraulic pressure (unit millibar) value to the liquid barrier performance before liquid passes through.The higher fabric of waterhead reading is represented the fabric height that it is lower than waterhead to the obstructing capacity of liquid infiltration.Waterhead can be according to federal touchstone 191A, and method 5514 is measured.The waterhead data also can obtain with the method that is similar to above-mentioned federal touchstone but will be modified as follows.Waterhead also can be used Concord, and the statics of fluids waterhead trier that the Marl Enterprises company of NC makes is measured.Sample is applied a standard hydraulic pressure, with the constant rate of speed supercharging, till first leakage signal occurring in three discrete areas on fabric face.(ignore near the leakage at edge chuck.) flimsy material or material, as film, be supported, in order to avoid the sample premature failure.

WVTR: the permeable vapor rate (WVTR) of sample material is calculated according to ASTM standard E96-80.Downcutting diameter from each test materials is 3 inches circular specimen, and opposes with the CELGARD2500 film of the Hoechst Celanese company of New JerseySommerville and to compare sample.The CELGARD2500 film is a kind of microporous polypropylene film.Every kind of material will be prepared 3 samples.Test glass is the 68-1 vaporimeter cup that the Thwing-A1bert instrument company of Pennsylvania Philadelphia sells.In each vaporimeter cup, pour 100ml water into, each sample of test materials and contrast material are covered on each cup uncovered.The vaporimeter cup is done mechanical seal along the edge of cup, stay that a diameter is 6.8cm on test materials or the contrast material, the about 33.17cm of area ²Disc be exposed in the ambient atmosphere pressure.These cups are placed in 100 (37.7 ℃) convection oven, treated 24 hours.Baking oven is a constant temperature oven, and extraneous air is capable of circulation by baking oven, accumulates in the baking oven to prevent water steam.After 24 hours, cup is taken out from baking oven and weighs once more.The permeable steam rate value of preliminary test is calculated with following formula (1):

(1) test WVTR=(the gram number of internal loss in 24 hours) * 315.5g/m ²/ 24h

Relative humidity in the baking oven is not done special control.Under predefined 100 (37.7 ℃) and ambient relative humidity condition, the WVTR of contrast material CELGARD2500 has been defined as 5000g/m ²/ 24h.Therefore control sample will be carried out with each test, uses following formula (II) that the tentative experiment value is corrected to then and imposes a condition:

(II) stdn WVTR=(test WVTR/ contrast WVTR) * (5000g/m ²/ 24h)

For surpassing about 3000g/m ²The WVTR value of/24h, the most handy other test system, as Minneapolis, the commercially available apparatus PERMATRAN-W 100K water vapor permeation analytical system of the Modern Controls company (MOCON) of MN is measured.

Elasticity: the hysteresis of each film section and retraction/stretching percentage can be used standard test equipment such as Sin Tech Synergie200 (Test Works 3.1 softwares), with the wide sample of 1cm, estimate with the gauge length (i.e. distance between the testing installation chuck) of 1mm, pinblock speed and 50 pounds of load transducers of 7.0mm/min.On testing installation, interested film section is positioned between the chuck sample holder.Sample is stretched to its original 100% (to 2mm) of gauge length length when not stressed, makes chuck get back to former gauge length then.Impose on the load of sample in the record sample cycle.Mean value calculation particular value with 5 samples.Load when being 50% (1.5mm) with elongation and following formula calculate retraction/percentage elongation:

The hysteresis of film section can be calculated with " elongation energy " and " retraction energy ", area when wherein extending energy and be sample and being stretched to elongation and being 100% (2mm) under load/extension curve, the retraction energy area under load/extension curve that is elongation when 100% retracts to former gauge length long (1mm).Load/extension curve is to do the mapping of aforesaid circulation time load to elongation when sample.Therefore, % lags behind and can calculate with following formula:

Claims (34)

1. multistage film, it comprises:

A kind of have vertically with laterally and comprise the unit film of the first film section and the second film section, wherein, described first and second film section is extended at least one direction of described unit film each other abreast; And

Wherein said first section comprises first thermoplastic polymer, and its permeable vapor rate is at least 800g/m ²/ 24h, and wherein said second section permeable vapor rate low than first section.

2. the multistage film of claim 1, the waterhead that the wherein said first film section comprises microporous membrane and wherein said multistage film is at least about 50 millibars.

3. the multistage film of claim 2, the wherein said first film section comprises the filled with film that stretched.

4. the multistage film of claim 3, the wherein said first film section comprises the network of micropores of adjacent described filler.

5. the multistage film of claim 4, the permeable vapor rate of the wherein said first film section surpasses 1500g/m ²/ 24h and the wherein said second film section comprise filled with film.

6. the multistage film of claim 5, the wherein said second film section comprises microporous membrane.

7. the multistage film of claim 5, the wherein said second film section comprises polyolefin elastomer and filler.

8. the multistage film of claim 7, the wherein said first film section comprises the nonelastomeric polyolefins polymkeric substance.

9. the multistage film of claim 8, the wherein said first film section comprises linear low density polyethylene and the wherein said second film section comprises ethylene elastomer.

10. it is even substantially that the multistage film of claim 7, the wherein said first film section and the second film section comprise the thickness of multilayer film and wherein said multistage film.

11. the multistage film of claim 6, the weight percentage of filler is than the height in the second film section in the wherein said first film section.

12. the multistage film of claim 4, wherein said second section comprises the non-microporous membrane that comprises elastomeric polymer.

13. the multistage film of claim 12, wherein said second section comprises and is selected from following one group elastomeric polymer.Elastic polyurethane polymkeric substance, polyester elastomeric polymer, polymeric amide elastomeric polymer, vinyl acetate elastomeric polymer, acrylic ester elastic polymkeric substance and their blend.

14. a multilayer laminate film, it comprises the multistage film of claim 4 and is bonded in sheet material on the described multistage film first surface securely.

15. the multilayer laminate film of claim 14, wherein said sheet material comprises nonwoven web.

16. described second section of comprising in extensible fabric and the wherein said multistage film of the multilayer laminate film of claim 14, wherein said sheet material comprises elastomerics.

17. a multistage film, it comprises:

A kind of have vertically with laterally and comprise the unit film of the first film section and the second film section, wherein said first and second film section described unit film vertically on extend and the waterhead of wherein said unit film is at least 50 millibars; And

The wherein said first film section comprises microporous membrane, and its permeable vapor rate WVTR is at least 1500g/m ²/ 24h, and wherein said second section comprise elastomerics.

18. the multistage film of claim 17, wherein said first section comprises nonelastic range and described second section and comprises the non-porous film section and comprise polyolefin elastomer.

19. the multistage film of claim 17, wherein said first section comprises nonelastic range and described second section and comprises and be selected from following one group elastomeric polymer: elastic polyurethane polymkeric substance, polyester elastomeric polymer, polymeric amide elastomeric polymer, vinyl acetate elastomeric polymer, acrylic ester elastic polymkeric substance and their blend.

20. the multistage film of claim 17, the wherein said first film section comprise nonelastomeric polyolefins polymkeric substance and filler and micropore wherein and are close to described filler, and the wherein said second film section comprises elastomerics.

21. the multistage film of claim 20, the wherein said second film section comprises polyolefin elastomer and comprises opaque filler.

22. multilayer laminate film that comprises the multistage film of claim 17 and be bonded in the sheet material on the described multistage film first surface securely.

23. the multilayer laminate film of claim 22, wherein said sheet material comprises nonwoven web.

24. the multilayer laminate film of claim 22, wherein said sheet material comprises extensible fabric.

25. a personal care articles, it comprises the dough sheet of (i) permeation liquid; The (ii) outer cover of the multistage film that comprises claim 1 of liquid impermeable; And the (iii) absorbent core between described outer cover and described dough sheet.

26. a personal care articles, it comprises the dough sheet of (i) permeation liquid; The (ii) outer cover of the multistage film that comprises claim 7 of liquid impermeable; And the (iii) absorbent core between described outer cover and described dough sheet.

27. a personal care articles, it comprises the dough sheet of (i) permeation liquid; The (ii) outer cover of the multistage film that comprises claim 9 of liquid impermeable; And the (iii) absorbent core between described outer cover and described dough sheet.

28. a personal care articles, it comprises the dough sheet of (i) permeation liquid; The (ii) outer cover of the multistage film that comprises claim 15 of liquid impermeable; And the (iii) absorbent core between described outer cover and described dough sheet.

29. a personal care articles, it comprises the dough sheet of (i) permeation liquid; The (ii) outer cover of the multistage film that comprises claim 17 of liquid impermeable; And the (iii) absorbent core between described outer cover and described dough sheet.

30. a personal care articles, it comprises the dough sheet of (i) permeation liquid; The (ii) outer cover of the multilayer laminate film that comprises claim 24 of liquid impermeable; And the (iii) absorbent core between described outer cover and described dough sheet.

31. operating coat that comprises the multistage film of claim 1.

32. operating coat that comprises the multistage film of claim 17.

33. operating coat that comprises the laminated film of claim 15.

34. the application of the multistage film of claim 1 in making the air-permeable elastic film, this manufacture method comprises the following steps:

With first and second film section coextrusion, form the unit film of first and second film section that comprises adjacency, the wherein said first film section comprises thermoplastic polymer and filler and the wherein said second film section and comprises thermoplastic elastomer; And

Thereby the described multistage film that stretches reduces the thickness of described first and second section and form the space that is close to described filler in the described first film section.

Images