CN111698016B - Apparatus and method for data transmission - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for data transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN111698016B CN111698016B CN202010177966.8A CN202010177966A CN111698016B CN 111698016 B CN111698016 B CN 111698016B CN 202010177966 A CN202010177966 A CN 202010177966A CN 111698016 B CN111698016 B CN 111698016B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003936 working memory Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007175 bidirectional communication Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/08—Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes
- G06F11/10—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's
- G06F11/1004—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's to protect a block of data words, e.g. CRC or checksum
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
- H04B7/18506—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40169—Flexible bus arrangements
- H04L12/40176—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0061—Error detection codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a device and a method for data transmission, which device is particularly suitable for communication between components of a system group of redundant structures. In this case, the components of the system group of redundant structures are not connected to separate physical connection lines in the manner usual in the prior art, but are provided with a common physical connection which connects the system groups of all redundant structures. The transmission security required in terms of data integrity is achieved by a CRC code, wherein data packets arranged consecutively in time are provided with an incremented counter value, so that the CRC code formed on this basis reliably detects static errors over time.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a device and a method for data transmission, in particular for use in an aircraft such as an aircraft.
Background
An apparatus and method for securely exchanging information between computers, preferably via an aircraft digital data bus, is disclosed. The systems required in flight operations typically use different computers and local data buses. Such systems include, for example, flight control systems for aircraft, landing gear systems, actuation systems or air conditioning systems.
In an exemplary embodiment, the system-related control and monitoring functions are carried out in central processing units, which are usually accommodated in so-called "avionics cabins" in the aircraft fuselage. These central computers typically transmit signals required for control to remote electronic devices via a data bus. Remote electronics, also known as Remote Electronics Units (REUs), perform the control functions of the actuators locally, for example in the wings of an aircraft. The transmission of erroneous data relating to the control of the actuators may lead to severe flight conditions and, in the worst case, to crashes of the aircraft.
For this reason, it must be ensured that the information required for regulation, control and monitoring is securely generated, that a secure data transmission is performed between the central computer and the remote electronic device, and that the available data is securely further processed until the actuator is controlled. To this end, the present invention describes an apparatus and method that reduces the complexity and routing effort of the apparatus at the aircraft level.
As prior art, physically separate transmission of signals or data having the same meaning is applicable to each system group of redundant structures to ensure integrity. This is thus also achieved in such a way that the same tampering does not occur, and thus no detected misinterpretation occurs at the receivers of the respective redundant system groups.
Since separate physical data transmissions are provided separately, errors that occur can be detected at the receiver by deviations in the content. In many high-safety critical systems, for example in an aircraft system, errors must be reliably detected.
A CRC code (cyclic redundancy check) is typically introduced to improve the recognizability of each transmitted data packet at the protocol level. In order to be able to distribute data over time, at least the combined, temporally following data packets are provided with a count value (also referred to as a time stamp), which can be modified in accordance with their temporal sequence. This occurs at the application level so that deterministic response characteristics can be supported even in an arrangement with multiple receivers.
After a data error cannot be reliably detected by simple calculation and transmission paths, in the prior art the same information is transmitted by at least two separate data generators, data buses and receivers (which differ in hardware and software).
As known to those skilled in the art, a cyclic redundancy check, for example, cannot receive an error if the error polynomial applied by the error can be divided by the generator polynomial of the cyclic redundancy check. If the error polynomial is not equal to zero and can be divided by the generator polynomial, the error cannot be detected by the CRC check.
In order to be able to detect such errors as well, considerable outlay is incurred both in the hardware and in the software of the computer and in the wiring of the aircraft (cables in the aircraft are laid in a laborious manner, more plug connectors, due to the increased cable weight of the double signal routing).
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to reduce the weight of the cables in an aircraft and to reduce the hardware costs on the computer, while ensuring the necessary integrity of the signals to be transmitted. Preferably, this should be accomplished by using a physical transmission path between communicating computers.
In order to save the weight of the cable, which is particularly advantageous in an aircraft, it is desirable to find a way of transmitting data through only one physical connection, so that the integrity of the data is still ensured and tampering can be reliably detected. The built-in CRC check in the data transmission protocol is not sufficient for reliable detection, especially in case of high functional security requirements.
The above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome by the device according to the invention or the method according to the invention. Other advantageous embodiments are also described in the present invention.
Thus, according to the present invention there is provided an apparatus for data transmission comprising: a first computer unit having a first module and a second module, a second computer unit having a first module and a second module, a first data transmission connection between the first module and the second module of the first computer unit, a second data transmission connection between the first module and the second module of the second computer unit, and a third data transmission connection between the first module of the first computer unit and the first module of the second computer unit, wherein the device is designed for transmitting a first time sequence of data packets from the first module of the first computer unit to the first module of the second computer unit, and additionally for transmitting a second time sequence of data packets from the second module of the first computer unit to the second module of the second computer unit, the first module of the first computer unit being designed for adding a first count value for each data packet of a plurality of data packets (301) of the first sequence, the first count value differing from packet to packet by an increment, respectively, the second module of the first computer unit being designed to add a CRC code to each of the plurality of packets of the second sequence, the CRC code being based on the corresponding packet and the second count value appended thereto, the second count value differing from packet to packet by the second time sequence by an increment, respectively, the second module of the first computer unit being further designed to transmit the packets respectively expanded the second count value and the CRC code from the second module of the first computer unit to the first module of the first computer unit over the first data transmission connection, the first module of the first computer unit being designed to receive the packets respectively expanded the first count value and the CRC code from the second module, so that corresponding ones of the received spread data packets of the second sequence are each appended to a time-dependent spread data packet of the first sequence and the combined data packets thus formed are transmitted together to the first module and to the second computer unit via the third data transmission connection, the first module of the second computer unit being designed to separate the combined data packets into individual spread data packets of the first sequence and individual spread data packets of the second sequence and to transmit the separated spread data packets of the second sequence via the second data transmission connection to the second module of the second computer unit, and the first module of the second computer unit being designed to check the CRC code of the spread data packets of the second sequence that arrive later in time.
It can be seen that the described apparatus is particularly suitable for communication between components of a system group of redundant architecture. In this case, the components of the system group of redundant structures are not connected to separate physical connection lines as is customary in the prior art, but are provided with a common physical connection, namely a third data transmission connection, which connects the system groups of all redundant structures. The transmission security required in terms of data integrity is achieved by a CRC code, wherein data packets arranged consecutively in time are provided with an incremented counter value, so that the CRC code formed on this basis reliably detects static errors over time.
The CRC code added in the application program, which is arranged according to the invention, can obviously improve the possibility of error detection. The judicious choice of the generator polynomial and the sufficiently high order allow setting the identifiable degree of the error. In this new data transmission, it is important to combine the mechanisms and include the count value in the CRC calculation. Thus, even if the time is within a constant date (or a plurality of constant dates), that is, if the time stamps are the same, a CRC having a deviation in definition is generated. The receiver performs multiple CRC checks on the data arriving sequentially in time ensuring that a much higher detection security is generated.
Static errors that accidentally lead to correct CRC results are most likely detected at the next date by a new, biased CRC calculation due to the change in counter value. Thus, the effect of the third test value is enhanced.
According to an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the first, second and/or third data transmission connection is a physical data transmission connection, in particular a wired or wireless data transmission connection, and/or that the third data transmission connection is realized by only one physical connection, and that no further physical data transmission connection is present between the first computer unit and the second computer unit.
It is therefore excluded that there is a further data transmission connection between the two computer units, by means of which data exchange is possible.
Furthermore, adding a CRC code may also mean that test bits are appended to the data packet to be checked based on a cyclic redundancy check. The concept of creating a CRC code using its generator polynomial is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein. The bit sequence provided with the CRC code here has check bits which are usually appended to the bit sequence. These parity bits represent the remainder of the parity bit division (multiplied by the highest polynomial order of the generator polynomial) that is considered the polynomial.
According to a further alternative variant of the invention, the first computer unit may be designed for generating a first sequence of data packets in its first module and/or the first computer unit may be designed for generating a second sequence of data packets in its second module. The task of the modules of the first computer unit is to generate and transmit information that is redundant to each other, the bits to be transmitted by the modules of the first computer unit being generated and transmitted according to the described procedure.
In this case, it may be advantageously provided that the first module of the first computer unit, the second module of the first computer unit, the first module of the second computer unit and/or the second module of the second computer unit are independent computers, which preferably comprise a CPU and a working memory. By structurally separating the individual computer units from each other, errors in hardware may not result in complete failure of the multiple modules. In general, even if the modules are structurally separate from each other, the structural organization of the modules is performed in a different manner in order to also exclude simultaneous errors caused thereby.
Preferably, the first module of the first computer unit and the second module of the first computer unit are redundant systems to each other, which preferably transmit the same information in their data packets in their error-free control operation. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the first module of the second computer unit and the second module of the second computer unit are redundant systems to each other, which preferably process the same information in their data packets in an error-free control operation.
Thus, the first and second modules of the first computer unit and the first and second modules of the second computer unit may each perform functions that are redundant to each other. For this purpose, the same information can be transmitted via the first module and the second module of the first computer unit, which information should be received reliably and without tampering by means of the first and the second module of the second computer unit.
According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the first module of the first computer unit and the first module of the second computer unit form a system group, that the second module of the first computer unit and the second module of the second computer unit form a system group, and that the two system groups are redundant to one another and preferably process the same information in the transmitted data packets in their error-free control operation.
Preferably, in the combined data packets, temporally combined data packets from the first time series of data packets and the second time series of data packets, respectively, are combined, which carry the same information in an error-free control operation. The first sequence here generally originates from a first module of the first computer unit, and the second sequence generally originates from a second module of the first computer unit.
According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the first module of the first computer unit is designed to provide the combined data packet with a CRC code based on the combined data packet before being transmitted to the first module of the second computer unit, and that the first module of the second computer unit is designed to perform a check based on the CRC code of the combined data packet. Thus, there is also an additional CRC code, which is now formed by the first module of the first computer unit and checked by the first module of the second computer unit.
Preferably, the first module of the first computer unit is also designed as a first module of the second computer unit and vice versa, and the second module of the first computer unit is also designed as a second module of the second computer unit and vice versa, so that a bi-directional communication between the first computer unit and the second computer unit is possible in the same way and a bi-directional communication between the first computer unit and the second computer unit can be achieved in the same way.
Furthermore, it can also be provided that the first module of the first computer unit, the second module of the first computer unit, the first module of the second computer unit and/or the second module of the second computer unit are implemented by a microcontroller and/or an FPGA, preferably in such a way that one of the modules of the computer unit is implemented by a microcontroller and the other module of the same computer unit is implemented by an FPGA.
The invention also describes a method for data transmission with a device, the method comprising a first computer unit having a first module and a second module, a second computer unit also having a first module and a second module, a first data transmission connection between the first module and the second module of the first computer unit, a second data transmission connection between the first module and the second module of the second computer unit, and a third data transmission connection between the first module of the first computer unit and the first module of the second computer unit, wherein in the method a first time sequence of data packets is transmitted from the first module of the first computer unit to the first module of the second computer unit, and in addition a second time sequence of data packets is transmitted from the second module of the first computer unit to the second module of the second computer unit, adding a first count value to each of the plurality of data packets of the first sequence, the first count value differing by data packets by an increment each, adding a CRC code to each of the plurality of data packets of the second sequence, the CRC code based on the corresponding data packet and a second count value appended thereto, the second count value differing by an increment each by a second time sequence, transmitting the data packets respectively expanded with the second count value and the CRC code from the second module of the first computer unit to the first module of the first computer unit via the first data transmission connection, receiving the data packets respectively expanded with the first count value and the CRC code from the second module to append the corresponding data packets respectively in the received expanded data packets of the second sequence to the time-dependent expanded data packets of the first sequence, and transmitting the combined data packets thus formed together to the first module and to the second computer unit via the third data transmission connection, the combined data packets being separated into individual extension data packets of the first sequence and individual extension data packets of the second sequence, and the separated extension data packets of the second sequence being transmitted via the second data transmission connection to the second module of the second computer unit and the CRC code of the extension data packets of the second sequence arriving later in time being checked.
The method can be further improved in an advantageous manner in that the third data transmission connection is realized by only one physical connection and no other physical data transmission connection is present between the first computer unit and the second computer unit.
The invention furthermore relates to a local data bus in an aircraft, in particular in an aircraft, wherein the local data bus comprises a device for data transmission according to any of the device variants described above or uses a method according to any of the above variants.
Furthermore, the invention relates to an aircraft, in particular an aircraft, in which a data bus or a method according to one of the above-described variants of the device is used for communication between a central computer and remote electronic devices, for example for controlling a flight control system, a landing gear system, an actuation system or an air conditioning system.
Drawings
Other details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The figure shows:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for data transmission according to the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for data transmission according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a combined data packet sent over a data transmission connection of various computer units.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a device 100 for data transmission according to the prior art, for example for use in an aircraft. The first computer unit 101 and the computer unit 102 separate therefrom can be seen, between which data is to be transferred. To ensure the integrity of data transmission, the prior art provides for physically separate transmission of signals or data having the same meaning. This ensures that the same tampering does not occur and is thus misleading. Accordingly, errors that occur can be identified in the receiving computer unit 102 by deviations in the information content that is transmitted redundantly.
The first module 121 and the second module 122 are provided in the transmitting computer unit 101 so as to create information that functions redundantly with each other. Here, the first module 121 and the second module 122 of the first computer unit 101 are connected to the first module 131 and the second module 132 of the second computer unit 102 by their own physical data transmission connections 141, 142. In this case, the logical connection 151 between the first module 121 of the first computer unit 101 and the first module 131 of the second computer unit 102 and the logical connection 152 between the second module 122 of the first computer unit 101 and the second module 132 of the second computer unit 102 are made by means of connections 141, 142 which are physically separated from each other. Here, the logical connections 151, 152 do not share a common physical transport platform at any time.
For the temporary allocation of the transmission data of the individual redundant systems, they can each be provided with a count value (also called a time stamp). This may occur at the application level or at the protocol level. Even in an arrangement with multiple receivers, deterministic response characteristics can be supported therewith.
The disadvantage of the embodiment shown in the system according to fig. 1 is that the hardware and software effort is excessive, in particular the presence of repeated cabling, which requires an increased weight of the cable, additional complicated cabling and a large number of plug connectors.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structure of a device 200 for transmitting data according to the invention, which reduces the cable weight and the number of plug connections required while maintaining the required integrity of the signals to be transmitted.
Here, the structures of the first computer unit 201 and the second computer unit 202 are similar to those of fig. 1. Thus, the first computer unit 201 has a first module 221 and a second module 222. The second computer unit 202 also has a first module 231 and a second module 232.
Unlike the prior art, there is a data transmission connection between the first module 221 of the first computer unit 201 and the second module 222 of the first computer unit 201. A data transmission connection is also provided between the first module 231 of the second computer unit 202 and the second module 232 of the second computer unit 202. Furthermore, the two computer units are connected to each other by only one single physical data transmission connection 241. It extends from the first module 221 of the first computer unit 201 to the first module 231 of the second computer unit 231.
Thus, the logical connection 261 established between the second module 222 of the first computer unit 201 and the second module 232 of the second computer unit 202 extends via the first module and shares a common physical data transmission connection 241 with the logical connection 251 between the first module 221 of the first computer unit 201 and the first module 231 of the second computer unit 202. Although not shown in fig. 2, it is of course possible to perform two-way communication between the two computer units or respective modules instead of one-way communication.
The CRC method provided from the prior art is now inadequate in order to ensure the integrity of the data, despite the common physical transmission connection. Thus, another CRC inserted preferably at the application level can increase the possibility of error detection in such a way that very high functional requirements on the security of the function can also be fulfilled. Here, it is advantageous to include the count value in the CRC calculation. Thus, a constant date in time will result in a defined, biased CRC.
The receiver performs multiple CRC checks on the data arriving sequentially in time to ensure that there are multiple higher detected errors. Static errors that accidentally result in a correct CRC are likely to be detected at the next date by a new CRC calculation that is biased by a count value change. Therefore, the effect will increase at the third value.
The function of the device 200 shown in fig. 2 is explained below with the aid of fig. 3. In this way, the information present in the second module 222 of the first computer unit 201 and the information present in the error-free operation-equivalent to the information present in the first module 221 of the first computer unit 201-are converted into binary data sequences and summarized into data packets 302. Thus, user data is located in this data packet 302, and so may also be referred to as user data packet 302.
Due to the constant or continuous accumulation of information in the module 222, there is a time sequence of several data packets 302 so that they can be identified with a value 303. The temporally successive data packets 302 are provided with counter values 303, which differ in each case by an increment. The count value 303 is appended to or precedes the data packet 302 as a binary sequence (not shown).
In this case, next, the common bit sequence of the data packet 302 and the count value 303 is subjected to CRC arithmetic processing, and the remainder generated when dividing the common bit sequence by the generator polynomial is placed before (not shown) or attached to the common bit sequence in the CRC bit sequence 304. The length of the CRC bit sequence 304 to be added here corresponds here to the order of the generator polynomial. Thus, the CRC bit sequence 304 added here is based not only on the (useful) data packet 302, but also on the count value 303.
After the second module 222 of the first computer unit 201 processes the data packets 302 accordingly, the data packets expanded in this way are transferred to the first module 221 via the data transmission connection present between the first module 221 and the second module 222.
The count value 305 is then provided in the first module 221 of the first computer unit 201 for the (useful) data packets 301 originating therefrom, so that the order of the data packets 301 coming out of the first module can also be understood here. Of course, the count value may be placed before or attached to the data packet 301 of the first module 221.
The packet 301 of the first module 221, which is expanded by the count value 305, is combined with the expanded packet of the second module 222 by appending or prepending the packet. The combined data packet thus obtained is then transmitted from the first module 221 of the first computer unit 201 via the data transmission connection 241 to the first module 231 of the second computer unit 202, where it is received and divided.
In this case, the (useful) data packet 301 of the first module 221 of the first computer unit 201, which is expanded by the count value 305, is separated from the combined data packet and processed in the first module 231 of the second computer unit 202.
The (useful) data packet 302 of the second module 231 of the first computer unit 201, which is extended by the count value 303 and the CRC code 304, is then transferred from the first module 231 of the second computer unit 202 to its second module 232 and passed to the second module 232 via the data transfer connection between these two modules of the second computer unit 231.
Then, a CRC check is performed there to detect the transmission error that has occurred. In particular, in the case of a check immediately following in time, the possibility of detecting a static error is greater due to a changing count value or a CRC calculation that is different in time and is biased by a change in the count value. Thus, according to one possibility, the generator polynomial used for CRC calculation may vary according to the count value, for example.
By knowing the counter reading from the previously received data block, the count value of the now received data block must be exactly one increment apart. If this is not the case, there is a transmission error that is not detected by the CRC, so corresponding measures can be taken.
In this case, the modules of the different computer units may be identical in their structural organization, but may also differ from one another in terms of the increased probability of failure.
Thus, for example, the modules of the first computer unit 201, the second computer unit 202 may be implemented by a microcontroller or an FPGA. It is also possible to arrange that the two modules of the first computer unit 201 and the second computer unit 202 are different, i.e. the first module is for example a microcontroller and the second module is an FPGA or vice versa.
Claims (18)
1. An apparatus (200) for data transmission in an aircraft, comprising:
a first computer unit (201) having a first module (221) and a second module (222),
A second computer unit (202) also having a first module (231) and a second module (232),
A first data transmission connection between a first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) and a second module (222) of the first computer unit (201),
A second data transmission connection between a first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) and a second module (232) of the second computer unit (202), and
A third data transmission connection (241) between the first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) and the first module (231) of the second computer unit (202), wherein
The device is designed for transmitting a first time sequence (251) of data packets (301) from a first module (221) of a first computer unit (201) to a first module (231) of a second computer unit (202) and additionally for transmitting a second time sequence (261) of data packets (302) from a second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) to a second module (232) of the second computer unit (202),
The first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) is designed to add a first count value (305) for each of a plurality of data packets (301) of the first time series (251), the first count value (305) differing from one data packet to another by an increment,
The second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) is designed to add to each of a plurality of data packets (302) of the second time series (261) a CRC code (304) based on the respective data packet (302) and an accompanying second count value (303), the second count value (303) differing by an increment from one data packet of the second time series (261),
Furthermore, the second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) is designed to transmit data packets, which are respectively expanded by the second count value (303) and the CRC code (304), from the second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) to the first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) via the first data transmission connection,
The first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) is designed to receive data packets from the second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) which are each extended by a second count value (303) and a CRC code (304), in order to append corresponding data packets of the received second time series (261) of extended data packets to time-dependent extended data packets of the first time series (251), respectively, and to transmit the combined data packets thus formed together to the first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) and to the second computer unit (202) via a third data transmission connection (241),
The first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) is designed for separating the combined data packets into individual spread data packets of the first time series (251) and individual spread data packets of the second time series (261) and for transmitting the separated spread data packets of the second time series (261) via the second data transmission connection to the second module (232) of the second computer unit (202), and
The first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) is designed to check the CRC code (304) of an extended data packet of a second time sequence (261) arriving later in time.
2. The apparatus (200) of claim 1, wherein
The first, second and/or third data transmission connection (241) is a physical data transmission connection, and/or
The third data transmission connection (241) is realized by only one physical connection and no other physical data transmission connection exists between the first computer unit (201) and the second computer unit (202).
3. The device (200) of claim 2, wherein the physical data transmission connection is a wired or wireless data transmission connection.
4. The apparatus (200) of claim 1, wherein adding the CRC code indicates that test bits are appended to the data packet to be inspected based on a cyclic redundancy check.
5. The apparatus (200) of claim 1, wherein
The first computer unit (201) is designed to generate a first time sequence (251) of data packets (301) in a first module (221) thereof and/or
The first computer unit (201) is designed to generate a second time sequence (261) of data packets (302) in a second module (222) thereof.
6. The apparatus (200) of claim 1, wherein
The first module (221) of the first computer unit (201), the second module (222) of the first computer unit (201), the first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) and/or the second module (232) of the second computer unit (202) are independent computers.
7. The device (200) of claim 6, wherein the computer comprises a CPU and a working memory.
8. The apparatus (200) of claim 1, wherein
The first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) and the second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) are redundant systems to each other, which transmit the same information in their data packets in their error-free control operation, and/or
The first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) and the second module (232) of the second computer unit (202) are systems that are redundant to each other, which process the same information in their data packets in an error-free control operation.
9. The apparatus (200) of claim 1, wherein
The first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) and the first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) form a system group,
The second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) and the second module (232) of the second computer unit (202) form a system group, and
The two system groups are redundant system groups with each other and process the same information in the transmitted data packets in their error-free control operation.
10. The device (200) according to claim 1, wherein, among said combined data packets, temporally combined data packets from the first time series (251) and the second time series (261), respectively, are combined, which carry the same information in error-free control operations.
11. The device (200) according to claim 1, wherein the first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) is designed to provide the combined data packet with a CRC code based on the combined data packet before being transmitted to the first module (231) of the second computer unit (202), and
The first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) is designed to perform a check of a CRC code based on the combined data packets.
12. The apparatus (200) of claim 1, wherein
The first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) is also designed as the first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) and vice versa,
The second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) is also designed to be identical to the second module (232) of the second computer unit (202), and vice versa, and
Two-way communication is achieved in the same way between the first computer unit (201) and the second computer unit (202).
13. The device (200) according to claim 1, wherein the first module (221) of the first computer unit (201), the second module (222) of the first computer unit (201), the first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) and/or the second module (232) of the second computer unit (202) are implemented by a microcontroller and/or an FPGA in such a way that one of the modules of the computer unit is implemented by a microcontroller and the other module of the same computer unit is implemented by an FPGA.
14. A method for data transmission with a device, for data transmission with a device (200) according to any of the preceding claims, the device comprising:
a first computer unit (201) having a first module (221) and a second module (222),
A second computer unit (202) also having a first module (231) and a second module (232),
A first data transmission connection between a first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) and a second module (222) of the first computer unit (201),
A second data transmission connection between a first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) and a second module (232) of the second computer unit (202), and
A third data transmission connection (241) between the first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) and the first module (231) of the second computer unit (202),
Wherein in the method:
A first time sequence (251) of data packets (301) is transmitted from a first module (221) of a first computer unit (201) to a first module (231) of a second computer unit (202), and in addition a second time sequence (261) of data packets (302) is transmitted from a second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) to a second module (232) of the second computer unit (202),
Adding a first count value (305) to each of a plurality of data packets (301) of a first time series (251), the first count value (305) differing from one data packet to another by an increment,
Adding a CRC code (304) to each of a plurality of data packets (302) of a second time series (261), the CRC code being based on the corresponding data packet (302) and an accompanying second count value (303) which differs from data packet of the second time series (261) by one increment each,
Transmitting the data packets respectively expanded by the second count value (303) and the CRC code (304) from the second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) to the first module (221) of the first computer unit (201) via the first data transmission connection,
Receiving data packets respectively expanded by a second count value (303) and a CRC code (304) from a second module (222) of the first computer unit (201) in order to respectively append corresponding data packets of the received expanded data packets of the second time sequence (261) to time-dependent expanded data packets of the first time sequence (251), and transmitting the combined data packets thus formed together to a first module (231) of the second computer unit (202) and to the second computer unit (202) via a third data transmission connection (241),
The combined data packets are separated into individual spread data packets of a first time series (251) and individual spread data packets of a second time series (261), and the separated spread data packets of the second time series (261) are transmitted via a second data transmission connection to a second module (232) of a second computer unit (202), and
The CRC code (304) of an extended data packet of a second time series (261) arriving later in time is checked.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the third data transmission connection (241) is implemented by only one physical connection and no other physical data transmission connection is present between the first computer unit (201) and the second computer unit (202).
16. Local data bus in an aircraft, wherein the local data bus uses a device (200) for data transmission according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 13 or uses a method according to claim 14 or 15 for data transmission.
17. An aircraft, wherein a device (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 or a method according to claim 14 or 15 is used in order to enable communication between a central computer and remote electronic devices.
18. The aircraft of claim 17, wherein the communication between the central computer and remote electronics is used to control a flight control system, landing gear system, actuation system, or air conditioning system.
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| DE102019106410.4A DE102019106410A1 (en) | 2019-03-13 | 2019-03-13 | Device and method for data transmission |
| DE102019106410.4 | 2019-03-13 |
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| BR (1) | BR102020004852A2 (en) |
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| BR102020004852A2 (en) | 2020-09-29 |
| FR3093831B1 (en) | 2021-07-23 |
| DE102019106410A1 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
| CN111698016A (en) | 2020-09-22 |
| FR3093831A1 (en) | 2020-09-18 |
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