CN111695277A - Simulation method of hot-melting self-tapping joint - Google Patents
Simulation method of hot-melting self-tapping joint Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of finite element analysis, and discloses a simulation method of a hot-melt self-tapping joint, which comprises the following steps: testing the mechanical properties of the sample; establishing and calibrating a detailed model of the hot-melting self-tapping joint; establishing and calibrating a simplified model of the hot-melting self-tapping joint: establishing a simplified model of the joint by adopting a shell unit, wherein the simplified model comprises a base material and a heat affected zone, the hot-melting self-tapping is simulated by adopting a key word of structured _ SPR2, and parameters in the key word are extracted from a detailed model after calibration is completed; and (3) calibrating a component level test: and developing a component-level impact test with the hot-melt self-tapping joint, establishing an impact model based on the calibrated simplified model, and obtaining a simulation model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint if the simulation data of the impact model is consistent with the impact test data. The simulation method can cancel the modeling of hot melt self-tapping in the whole vehicle collision simulation model, improve the stability and efficiency of model calculation, and ensure the simulation precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of finite element analysis, in particular to a simulation method of a hot-melting self-tapping joint.
Background
With the increasing application of high-strength steel and aluminum alloy materials to automobile bodies, the strength of structural parts is gradually increased, and the probability of failure of connecting joints among the structural parts is higher and higher.
In the traditional automobile collision simulation, the joints between the structural parts are generally in rigid connection without failure, but with the improvement of the lightweight degree of the automobile and the large application of aluminum alloy materials, the joint forms between the structural parts are gradually increased, the joint failure conditions are gradually increased, and the accurate simulation of the joint failure behavior becomes the accurate precondition of the collision simulation model.
The hot melting self-tapping is a single-side forming riveting mode capable of connecting multi-layer foreign plates, and is very suitable for connecting steel-aluminum hybrid vehicle bodies.
The existing hot-melting self-tapping joint simulation method mainly comprises a common node method, a rigid unit connection method, a beam unit connection method, a solid unit modeling method and the like. The simulation precision of the common node method, the rigid unit connection method and the beam unit connection method is poor, and the difference from the actual test result is large; and the size of the model unit of the entity unit modeling method is too small, the calculation efficiency is low, and the model calculation stability is poor.
Therefore, a new simulation method for a hot-melt self-tapping joint is needed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simulation method of a hot-melting self-tapping joint, which can cancel the modeling of hot-melting self-tapping in a whole vehicle collision simulation model, improve the stability and the calculation efficiency of model calculation and ensure the simulation precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a simulation method of a hot-melt self-tapping joint comprises the following steps:
s1, sample level mechanical property test: manufacturing a tensile sample of the hot-melt self-tapping joint, and obtaining tensile data of the hot-melt self-tapping joint through a tensile testing machine;
s2, establishing and calibrating a detailed model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint: establishing a detailed model of the hot-melting self-tapping joint by using LS-DYNA software, wherein the detailed model is modeled by using a solid unit and comprises a base material, a hot-melting self-tapping joint and a heat affected zone, executing a step S3 if simulation data of the detailed model is consistent with tensile data obtained by the test in the step S1, and adjusting parameters of the detailed model until the simulation data of the detailed model is consistent with the tensile data obtained by the test in the step S1 if the simulation data of the detailed model is not consistent with the tensile data obtained by the test in the step S1;
s3, establishing and calibrating a hot-melt self-tapping joint simplified model: establishing a simplified model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint by using LS-DYNA software, modeling the simplified model by using a shell unit, wherein the simplified model comprises a base material and a heat affected zone, simulating the hot-melt self-tapping by using a keyword CONSTRAINED _ SPR2, extracting parameters in the keyword CONSTRAINED _ SPR2 from the detailed model which is calibrated in the step S2, if the simulation data of the simplified model is consistent with the tensile data obtained in the step S1 through test, executing the step S4, and if the simulation data of the simplified model is not consistent with the tensile data obtained in the step S1 through test, adjusting the parameters of the simplified model until the simulation data of the simplified model is consistent with the tensile data obtained in the step S1 through test;
s4, calibrating a component level test: developing a component-level impact test with the hot-melt self-tapping joint, establishing an impact model based on the simplified model which is calibrated in the step S3, and obtaining a simulation model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint if the simulation data of the impact model is consistent with the data obtained in the impact test; and if the simulation data of the impact model is not consistent with the data obtained by the impact test, adjusting the parameters of the impact model until the simulation data of the impact model is consistent with the data obtained by the impact test.
Further, in step S1, a tensile sample of the hot-melt self-tapping joint under three conditions of drawing, shearing and 45 ° stretching is prepared, and the ultimate strength and the force-displacement curve of the hot-melt self-tapping joint under the three conditions are obtained through a tensile testing machine.
Further, in step S2, if the degree of fit between the force-displacement curve obtained by the simulation using the detailed model and the force-displacement curve obtained by the test in step S1 is greater than or equal to 90%, the simulation data of the detailed model is considered to be in agreement with the tensile data obtained by the test in step S1.
Further, in step S2, if the simulation data of the detailed model does not match the tensile data obtained by the test in step S1, the contact parameters between the base material, the hot-melt self-tapping screw, and the heat-affected zone in the detailed model, the material parameters of the heat-affected zone, and/or the size of the heat-affected zone are adjusted.
Further, in step S2, the CONTACT type between the base material, the hot-melt self-tapping wire and the heat affected zone in the detailed model is CONTACT _ AUTOMATIC _ SINGLE _ SURFACE.
Further, in step S3, if the degree of fit between the force-displacement curve obtained by the simulation using the simplified model and the force-displacement curve obtained by the test in step S1 is greater than or equal to 85%, the simulation data of the simplified model is considered to be in agreement with the tensile data obtained by the test in step S1.
Further, in step S3, if the simulation data of the simplified model does not match the stretching data obtained from the test in step S1, the material parameters of the heat-affected zone, the size of the heat-affected zone, and/or the parameters in the keyword of the structured _ SPR2 in the simplified model are adjusted.
Further, in step S4, if the degree of fit between the force-displacement curve obtained by the impact model simulation and the force-displacement curve obtained by the impact test is greater than or equal to 85%, it is determined that the simulation data of the impact model matches the data obtained by the impact test.
Further, in step S4, if the simulation data of the impact model does not match the data obtained from the impact test, the material parameters of the heat affected zone, the size of the heat affected zone, and/or the parameters in the keyword of structured _ SPR2 in the impact model are adjusted.
Further, the parameters in the structured _ SPR2 key include: FN, DN, XIN, FT, DT, XIT, ALPHA1, ALPHA2 and/or ALPHA 3.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the simulation method of the hot-melt self-tapping joint, provided by the invention, the hot-melt self-tapping is simulated by utilizing the keyword CONSTRATINED _ SPR2 in the LS-DYNA software, when the whole vehicle collision simulation analysis is carried out, the modeling of the hot-melt self-tapping in a whole vehicle collision simulation model can be cancelled, the problem of poor calculation stability of the simulation model caused by too small grid size and too large number is avoided, and the calculation efficiency is improved; in addition, the parameters used in the simulation method of the hot-melting self-tapping joint provided by the invention are obtained from a sample level test, a component level test and a simulation standard, so that the precision of a simulation model of the hot-melting self-tapping joint is ensured, the implementation difficulty of the simulation method is reduced, the simulation of the hot-melting self-tapping joint with different process parameters can be quickly realized by adjusting a small number of parameters, and the simulation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a simulation method for a hot-melt self-tapping joint provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall architecture diagram of a simulation method for a hot-melt self-tapping joint provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detailed model of a hot-melt self-tapping fitting provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a simplified model of a hot-melt self-tapping fitting provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a part-level impact test with a hot melt self-tapping fitting provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hot-melt self-tapping joint provided by an embodiment of the present invention under a drawing condition;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hot-melt self-tapping fitting constructed according to embodiments of the present invention under shear conditions;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hot melt self-tapping fitting under a 45 ° tension condition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a parent material;
2-hot melting self-tapping;
3-a heat affected zone;
4-clamping;
5-parts with hot melt self-tapping joints;
6-impact fixing means;
7-impact hammer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a simulation method for a hot-melt self-tapping joint, which includes:
s1, sample level mechanical property test: manufacturing a tensile sample of the hot-melt self-tapping joint, and obtaining tensile data of the hot-melt self-tapping joint through a tensile testing machine;
s2, establishing and calibrating a detailed model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint: establishing a detailed model of the hot-melting self-tapping joint by using LS-DYNA software, wherein the detailed model is modeled by using a solid unit and comprises a base material 1, a hot-melting self-tapping joint 2 and a heat affected zone 3 as shown in FIG. 3, executing a step S3 if simulation data of the detailed model is consistent with tensile data obtained by the test in the step S1, and adjusting parameters of the detailed model until the simulation data of the detailed model is consistent with the tensile data obtained by the test in the step S1 if the simulation data of the detailed model is not consistent with the tensile data obtained by the test in the step S1;
s3, establishing and calibrating a hot-melt self-tapping joint simplified model: establishing a simplified model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint by using LS-DYNA software, wherein the simplified model is modeled by using a shell unit and comprises a base material 1 and a heat affected zone 3, a hot-melt self-tapping 2 is simulated by using a keyword CONSTRAINED _ SPR2, parameters in the keyword CONSTRAINED _ SPR2 are extracted from the detailed model which is calibrated in the step S2, if the simulation data of the simplified model is not consistent with the tensile data obtained in the step S1 through testing, the step S4 is executed, and if the simulation data of the simplified model is not consistent with the tensile data obtained in the step S1 through testing, the parameters of the simplified model are adjusted until the simulation data of the simplified model is consistent with the tensile data obtained in the step S1 through testing;
s4, calibrating a component level test: as shown in fig. 5, a component-level impact test with a hot-melt self-tapping joint is carried out, an impact model is established based on the simplified model which is calibrated in step S3, and if the simulation data of the impact model is consistent with the data obtained in the impact test, a simulation model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint is obtained; and if the simulation data of the impact model is not consistent with the data obtained by the impact test, adjusting the parameters of the impact model until the simulation data of the impact model is consistent with the data obtained by the impact test.
According to the simulation method of the hot-melt self-tapping joint, the hot-melt self-tapping 2 is simulated by using the keyword CONSTRATINED _ SPR2 in the LS-DYNA software, when the whole vehicle collision simulation analysis is carried out, the modeling of the hot-melt self-tapping in a whole vehicle collision simulation model can be cancelled, the problem of poor calculation stability of the simulation model caused by too small grid size and too large number is avoided, and the calculation efficiency is improved; in addition, the parameters used in the simulation method for the hot-melt self-tapping joint provided by the embodiment are obtained from a sample level test, a component level test and a simulation standard, so that the precision of the simulation model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint is ensured, the implementation difficulty of the simulation method is reduced, the simulation of the hot-melt self-tapping joint with different process parameters can be quickly realized by adjusting a small number of parameters, and the simulation efficiency is improved.
Optionally, the parameters in the structured _ SPR2 key include: FN, DN, XIN, FT, DT, XIT, ALPHA1, ALPHA2 and/or ALPHA 3.
Specifically, in step S1, tensile samples of the hot-melt self-tapping joint under three conditions of drawing, shearing and 45 ° stretching are prepared, and the ultimate strength and the force-displacement curve of the hot-melt self-tapping joint under the three conditions are obtained through a tensile testing machine.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hot-melt self-tapping joint in a drawing condition, wherein the arrow direction indicates the force loading direction, the base material 1 is fixed by the clamp 4, and then the force is loaded along the axial direction of the hot-melt self-tapping joint 2. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a test of the hot-melt self-tapping joint under a shearing condition, wherein the arrow direction also indicates the force loading direction, namely the radial loading force along the hot-melt self-tapping 2, so that the hot-melt self-tapping 2 generates shearing deformation. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a test of the hot-melt self-tapping joint under a 45-degree stretching condition, wherein an included angle between a force loading direction and an axial direction of the hot-melt self-tapping joint 2 is 45 degrees, that is, the hot-melt self-tapping joint 2 is stretched by 45 degrees.
The simulation method provided by the embodiment provides a plurality of failure models of the hot-melt self-tapping joint, and can accurately simulate failure modes such as extraction, shearing, tearing of the base material and the like of the hot-melt self-tapping 2 in the hot-melt self-tapping joint by combining with material failure settings of the base material 1 and the heat affected zone 3.
In step S2, the CONTACT type between the base material 1, the hot-melt self-tapping wire 2, and the heat-affected zone 3 in the detailed model is CONTACT _ AUTOMATIC _ SINGLE _ SURFACE.
Optionally, in step S2, the size of the solid element in the detailed model is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.
In step S2, if the degree of fit between the force-displacement curve obtained by simulation using the detailed model and the force-displacement curve obtained by the test in step S1 is greater than or equal to 90%, it is considered that the simulation data of the detailed model matches the tensile data obtained by the test in step S1.
In step S2, if the simulation data of the detailed model does not match the tensile data obtained by the test in step S1, the contact parameters between the base material 1, the hot-melt self-tapping 2, and the heat-affected zone 3, the material parameters of the heat-affected zone 3, and/or the size of the heat-affected zone 3 in the detailed model are adjusted.
Optionally, in step S3, the size of the shell element in the simplified model is greater than or equal to 2 mm.
In step S3, if the degree of fit between the force-displacement curve obtained by the simulation using the simplified model and the force-displacement curve obtained by the test in step S1 is greater than or equal to 85%, it is considered that the simulation data of the simplified model matches the tensile data obtained by the test in step S1.
In step S3, if the simulation data of the simplified model does not match the tensile data obtained from the test in step S1, the material parameters of the heat-affected zone 3, the size of the heat-affected zone 3, and/or the parameters in the keyword "connected _ SPR2 in the simplified model are adjusted.
When carrying out an impact test on a component level with the hot-melt self-tapping joint, the test needs to be designed according to the stress characteristics of the component in a collision working condition, a drop hammer impact test can be adopted, as shown in fig. 5, one end of the component 5 with the hot-melt self-tapping joint is fixed on an impact fixing device 6, and an impact hammer 7 impacts the other end of the component 5 with the hot-melt self-tapping joint at a certain speed, so as to obtain a force-displacement curve of the impact test.
Alternatively, in step S4, if the degree of fit between the force-displacement curve obtained by the impact model simulation and the force-displacement curve obtained by the impact test is greater than or equal to 85%, the simulation data of the impact model is considered to be in agreement with the data obtained by the impact test. Of course, the fitting standard between the impact model simulation and the force-displacement curve obtained by the test can be adjusted according to the actual requirement on the precision, for example, when the requirement on the precision is low, the fitting degree between the force-displacement curve obtained by the impact model simulation and the force-displacement curve obtained by the impact test can be widened to be more than 80%, which is not limited herein.
In step S4, if the simulation data of the impact model does not match the data obtained from the impact test, the material parameters of the heat-affected zone 3, the size of the heat-affected zone 3, and/or the parameters in the keyword of the structured _ SPR2 in the impact model are adjusted.
Optionally, after step S4, the method further includes: and comparing the simulation failure mode and the test failure mode of the hot-melting self-tapping joint, determining a final hot-melting self-tapping joint simulation model, and using the final hot-melting self-tapping joint simulation model in the development of the safety performance of the steel-aluminum hybrid vehicle body. Through comparison of failure modes, the simulation model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint obtained in the step S4 can be further verified to ensure the accuracy of the model, so that the model can be conveniently used in the development of the safety performance of the steel-aluminum hybrid vehicle body.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A simulation method of a hot-melt self-tapping joint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, sample level mechanical property test: manufacturing a tensile sample of the hot-melt self-tapping joint, and obtaining tensile data of the hot-melt self-tapping joint through a tensile testing machine;
s2, establishing and calibrating a detailed model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint: establishing a detailed model of the hot-melting self-tapping joint by using LS-DYNA software, wherein the detailed model is modeled by using a solid unit and comprises a base material (1), a hot-melting self-tapping joint (2) and a heat affected zone (3), executing a step S3 if simulation data of the detailed model is consistent with tensile data obtained by the test in the step S1, and adjusting parameters of the detailed model if the simulation data of the detailed model is not consistent with the tensile data obtained by the test in the step S1 until the simulation data of the detailed model is consistent with the tensile data obtained by the test in the step S1;
s3, establishing and calibrating a hot-melt self-tapping joint simplified model: establishing a simplified model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint by using LS-DYNA software, wherein the simplified model is modeled by using a shell unit and comprises a base material (1) and a heat affected zone (3), the hot-melt self-tapping (2) is simulated by using a keyword CONSTRAINED _ SPR2, parameters in the keyword CONSTRAINED _ SPR2 are extracted from the detailed model which is calibrated in the step S2, if the simulation data of the simplified model is not matched with the tensile data obtained in the step S1 through testing, the step S4 is executed, and if the simulation data of the simplified model is not matched with the tensile data obtained in the step S1 through testing, the parameters of the simplified model are adjusted until the simulation data of the simplified model is matched with the tensile data obtained in the step S1 through testing;
s4, calibrating a component level test: developing a component-level impact test with the hot-melt self-tapping joint, establishing an impact model based on the simplified model which is calibrated in the step S3, and obtaining a simulation model of the hot-melt self-tapping joint if the simulation data of the impact model is consistent with the data obtained in the impact test; and if the simulation data of the impact model is not consistent with the data obtained by the impact test, adjusting the parameters of the impact model until the simulation data of the impact model is consistent with the data obtained by the impact test.
2. The simulation method of the hot-melt self-tapping joint according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, tensile samples of the hot-melt self-tapping joint under three conditions of drawing, shearing and 45 ° stretching are prepared, and the ultimate strength and force-displacement curve of the hot-melt self-tapping joint under the three conditions are obtained through a tensile testing machine.
3. The simulation method of a hot melt self-threading connector according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, if the degree of fit between the force-displacement curve obtained by the simulation using the detailed model and the force-displacement curve obtained by the test in step S1 is greater than or equal to 90%, the simulation data of the detailed model is considered to be in agreement with the tensile data obtained by the test in step S1.
4. The simulation method of a hot melt self-tapping joint according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, if the simulation data of the detailed model does not match the tensile data obtained experimentally in step S1, the contact parameters between the base material (1), the hot melt self-tapping (2), and the heat affected zone (3), the material parameters of the heat affected zone (3), and/or the size of the heat affected zone (3) in the detailed model are adjusted.
5. The simulation method of the hot melt self-tapping joint according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the CONTACT type between the base material (1), the hot melt self-tapping joint (2), and the heat affected zone (3) in the detailed model is CONTACT AUTOMATIC SINGLE SURFACE.
6. The simulation method of a hot melt self-threading connector according to claim 2, wherein in step S3, if the degree of fitting between the force-displacement curve obtained by the simulation using the simplified model and the force-displacement curve obtained by the test in step S1 is greater than or equal to 85%, the simulation data of the simplified model is considered to be in agreement with the tensile data obtained by the test in step S1.
7. The simulation modeling method for a hot melt self-tapping fitting according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, if the simulation data of the simplified model does not match the tensile data obtained from the test in step S1, the material parameters of the heat affected zone (3), the size of the heat affected zone (3), and/or the parameters in the keyword "connected _ SPR2 in the simplified model are adjusted.
8. The simulation method for a hot-melt self-tapping joint according to claim 2, wherein in step S4, if the degree of fit between the force-displacement curve obtained by the impact model simulation and the force-displacement curve obtained by the impact test is greater than or equal to 85%, the simulation data of the impact model is considered to be identical to the data obtained by the impact test.
9. The simulation method for a hot melt self-tapping fitting according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, if the simulation data of the impact model does not match the data obtained by the impact test, the material parameters of the heat-affected zone (3) in the impact model, the size of the heat-affected zone (3), and/or the parameters in the keyword "connected _ SPR2 are adjusted.
10. The simulation method for a hot-melt self-tapping fitting according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the parameters in the keyword CONSTRAINED SPR2 include: FN, DN, XIN, FT, DT, XIT, ALPHA1, ALPHA2 and/or ALPHA 3.
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