CN111693498A - Device and method for measuring gaseous ammonia based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring gaseous ammonia based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence Download PDFInfo
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- CN111693498A CN111693498A CN202010434269.6A CN202010434269A CN111693498A CN 111693498 A CN111693498 A CN 111693498A CN 202010434269 A CN202010434269 A CN 202010434269A CN 111693498 A CN111693498 A CN 111693498A
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001499 laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 101000694017 Homo sapiens Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha Proteins 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=1C(CCC)CN1C=NC=N1 WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004082 amperometric method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6402—Atomic fluorescence; Laser induced fluorescence
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/44—Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
- G01J3/4406—Fluorescence spectrometry
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring gaseous ammonia based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence, wherein the device comprises ammonia (NH)3) The flow field to be detected, the femtosecond laser, the optical parametric amplifier, the focusing lens, the light beam cut-off device, the imaging lens, the spectrometer, the ICCD camera and the computer, wherein the spectrometer is arranged on one side of the flow field to be detected, the spectrometer is connected with the ICCD camera, the spectrometer and the ICCD camera are both connected with the computer, laser emitted by the femtosecond laser passes through Topas adjustment to obtain laser with the wavelength of 305nm, the laser with the wavelength of 305nm sequentially passes through the focusing lens, the flow field to be detected and the light beam cut-off device, and the flow field to be detected and the spectrometer are arranged between the flow field to be detected and the spectrometerAn imaging lens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of femtosecond laser spectrum, the field of plasma and the field of gas diagnosis, in particular to realization based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence technologyGaseous ammonia (NH) in flow field3) The measurement of (2).
Background
Realize the control of ammonia (NH) gas in the atmosphere or flow field3) The measurement of (a) is of great significance in many fields. First, as a commonly used chemical in the chemical industry, NH3It is widely used in chemical fertilizer, refrigeration and other industries, and has pungent and toxic smell and long-term exposure to NH3In the environment of (2), certain damage to the body is caused, NH is carried out in the atmospheric environment3Can reduce the NH to a certain extent3Hazards from leakage[1]. Secondly, NH is not released during denitration of combustion equipment such as diesel engines3. Decomposition of NH from urea in diesel aftertreatment devices3Although nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas can be effectively reduced, excessive decomposition of urea causes excessive NH3Emission to the atmosphere causes secondary pollution, so that NH is required in the process3Performing accurate measurement and control[2]. Third, in the field of combustion, NH3Can be used as a clean fuel without carbon element, and the research and analysis on the combustion characteristics of the clean fuel are beneficial to promoting the research on relevant combustion mechanism and the establishment of a combustion model, thereby realizing the purpose of NH in a combustion field3Is extremely critical[3]。
Known at present as regards gaseous ammonia (NH)3) The measurement method of (2) is mainly divided into sampling measurement and real-time measurement. The sampling measurement mainly includes amperometry, ratiometric fluorescence, colorimetric method, and the like[4-6]. Sampling measurement needs to extract part of gas or solution from an environment to be detected, and an ammonia sensor is used for detecting a sample, or the ammonia sensor is directly placed in the environment to be detected for detection. Although the sampling method has simple and convenient measurement operation and simple system, and the detection limit can be as low as a few ppm, the sampling measurement destroys the initial condition of a flow field to be detected, has interference and is generally applied to NH3The presence of (solution) is also required and the response time of the measuring system is relatively long (about 20s), so that gaseous ammonia (NH) cannot be achieved3) The real-time on-line measurement is difficult to be applied to a combustion flow field or a closed flow field[7,8]。
The laser-based optical measurement has great advantages on the one hand, can realize real-time online measurement of ammonia, has non-interference on a flow field to be measured, and has gradually been paid attention to in the aspect of flow field component measurement in recent years. With respect to gaseous ammonia (NH)3) The laser diagnosis technology is mainly based on nanosecond laser (1 ns-10)-9s) developed[9,10]Exciting NH in flow field by nanosecond laser resonance3So that the electron energy level transition is generated to release fluorescence outwards, and NH can be realized by detecting a fluorescence signal3The measurement of (2). At present, the method has obtained higher time-space resolution, but can only realize high-concentration NH3Measurement (800ppm) of (D), and NH in the combustion field3The imaging quality of (2) is poor.
With the development of laser technology, femtosecond laser is more and more widely applied to flow field component measurement, compared with nanosecond laser, the pulse width of the femtosecond laser is lower than 5 orders of magnitude of the nanosecond laser, the peak energy of the laser is extremely high, and the intensity of fluorescence signals generated by induction can be greatly improved; and the pulse integral energy is low, thus solving the interference problem in the measuring process. At present, no relevant work is available for realizing ammonia (NH) gas in a flow field based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence3) The invention aims to provide a method for measuring gaseous ammonia (NH) based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence3) The method of (1).
Reference documents:
[1] industrial ammonia gas leakage alarm system [ D ]. university of harbin rationality, 2016.
[2] Tension wave, congratulate bud, tension arm, coal-fired boiler flue gas ammonia process denitration real-time monitoring system [ J ] light industrial report, 2014(3):97-99.
[3]Duynslaegher C,Contino F,Vandooren J,et al.Modeling of ammoniacombustion at low pressure[J].Combustion and Flame,2012,159(9):2799-2805.
[4]Cui S,Mao S,Wen Z,et al.Controllable synthesis ofsilvernanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide hybrids for ammonia detection[J].Analyst,2013,138(10):2877-2882.
[5]Duong H D,Rhee J I.A ratiometric fluorescence sensor for thedetection of ammonia in water[J].Sensors andActuators B:Chemical,2014,190:768-774.
[6]Takagai Y,Nojiri Y,Takase T,et al.“Turn-on”fluorescent polymericmicroparticle sensors for the determination of ammonia and amines in thevapor state[J].Analyst,2010,135(6):1417-1425.
[7] Studies on Sun Meje, Yaojie, WangDong ammonia gas sensors [ J ] silicate report 2015, v.34(s1): 136-.
[8]ChengY,Feng Q,Yin M,et al.A fluorescence and colorimetric ammoniasensorbased on a Cu(II)-2,7-bis(1-imidazole)fluorene metal-organic gel[J].Tetrahedron Letters,2016,57(34):3814-3818.
[9]Brackmann C,Hole O,Zhou B,et al.Characterization of ammonia two-photon laser-induced fluorescence for gas-phase diagnostics[J].AppliedPhysics B,2014,115(1):25-33.
[10]Westblom U,Aldén M.Laser-induced fluorescence detection of NH3inflames with the use oftwo-photon excitation[J].Applied Spectroscopy,1990,44(5):881-886.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a device and a method for measuring gaseous ammonia based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence, which can be used for realizing low-concentration NH3The measurement of (2).
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a device for measuring gaseous ammonia based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence comprises ammonia (NH)3) The flow field to be detected also comprises a femtosecond laser, an optical parametric amplifier (Topas), a focusing lens, a light beam cut-off device, an imaging lens, a spectrometer, an ICCD camera and a computer, wherein the spectrometer is arranged on one side of the flow field to be detected, the spectrometer is connected with the ICCD camera, the spectrometer and the ICCD camera are both connected with the computer, laser emitted by the femtosecond laser is adjusted by the optical parametric amplifier to obtain laser with the wavelength of 305nm, the laser with the wavelength of 305nm sequentially passes through the focusing lens, the flow field to be detected and the light beam cut-off device, and the flow field to be detected and the light beam cut-off deviceThe imaging lens is arranged between the spectrometers.
Also provided is a method for measuring gaseous ammonia based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence, comprising the following steps:
the femtosecond laser is generated by the femtosecond laser, and the femtosecond laser is emitted into the optical parameter amplifier and is adjusted to generate the femtosecond laser with the wavelength of 305 nm;
the femtosecond laser with the wavelength of 305nm is guided to a focusing lens through reflection of a reflector for focusing, and a focusing focus is adjusted to be positioned at a flow field to be measured of the flow field;
inducing gaseous ammonia in a flow field to be detected by femtosecond laser with the wavelength of 305nm to generate a corresponding fluorescent signal;
the fluorescence signal is focused to a slit of a spectrometer after being gathered by an imaging lens, and the spectrometer performs light splitting processing on the fluorescence signal and then transmits the fluorescence signal to an ICCD camera;
the ICCD camera transmits the received spectrum signal to a computer for data processing and analysis, and finally transient measurement of the gaseous ammonia is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention belongs to an optical measurement method, has no interference to a flow field to be measured, and can realize the measurement of gaseous ammonia (NH) in closed and open flow fields and in combustion field environment3);
2. Gaseous Ammonia (NH) of the invention3) The response time of the measuring method is very short (about a few nanoseconds), and NH in a flow field can be realized3Real-time on-line measurement;
3. the femtosecond laser has extremely short pulse width and high peak energy, can improve the efficiency of multi-photon process, improve the intensity of fluorescence signal, and reduce NH measurement3A limit value of (d);
4. gaseous Ammonia (NH) of the invention3) Can realize NH3NH of complex combustion fields such as combustion fields3Measuring;
5. gaseous Ammonia (NH) of the invention3) Can realize NH3One-dimensional measurements with spatial resolution, which is about tens of microns.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is NH3Energy level diagram
Reference numerals: 1-femtosecond laser, 2-optical parameter amplifier, 3-focusing lens, 4-flow field to be measured, 5-beam cut-off device, 6-imaging lens, 7-spectrometer, 8-ICCD camera, 9-computer
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention mainly realizes the gaseous ammonia (NH) in the flow field based on the femtosecond laser induced fluorescence technology3) FIG. 1 shows a device for measuring gaseous ammonia based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence according to this embodiment, which includes a device containing ammonia (NH)3) The flow field 4 to be measured further comprises a femtosecond laser 1, an optical parametric amplifier 2, a focusing lens 3, a light beam cut-off device 5, an imaging lens 6, a spectrometer 7, an ICCD camera 8 and a computer 9, wherein the spectrometer 7 is arranged on one side of the flow field 4 to be measured, the spectrometer 7 is connected with the ICCD camera 8, the spectrometer 7 and the ICCD camera 8 are both connected with the computer 9, laser emitted by the femtosecond laser 1 is adjusted by the optical parametric amplifier to obtain laser with the wavelength of 305nm, the laser with the wavelength of 305nm sequentially passes through the focusing lens 3, the flow field 4 to be measured and the light beam cut-off device 5, and the imaging lens 6 is arranged between the flow field 4 to be measured and the spectrometer 7.
Femtosecond laser for generating femtosecond (1 fs-10) pulse width-19s) laser light of the grade; topas is used to tune the laser from a femtosecond laser to a femtosecond laser with a desired wavelength of 305 nm; the focusing lens is used for focusing the femtosecond laser beam to enable a laser focusing focus to be positioned in a flow field to be measured of the flow field; in this embodiment, the flow field to be measured is a burner for outputting NH-containing gas3The mixed gas can adjust parameters such as gas flow, flow velocity and the like through a control system; the beam cut-off device is used for collecting the laser beam after the focusing lens is defocused, and the laser beam is prevented from being incident on a human body or other objects to cause harm; imaging lens for condensing NH3The generated fluorescence signal is focused to the slit of the spectrometer; spectrometer for distinguishing NH in gas to be measured3Fluorescence spectrum of (1), NH in the present invention3At a wavelength of 565 nm; ICCD camera for NH3Collecting and analyzing the generated fluorescence spectrum; the computer is used for adjusting the operation parameters of devices such as a spectrometer and an ICCD (Integrated Charge-coupled device) camera and analyzing data acquired by the devices such as the spectrometer and the ICCD camera.
The technical principle of the device for measuring gaseous ammonia is as follows: as shown in FIG. 2, NH3By absorbing 2 femtosecond laser photons with the wavelength of 305nm, the transition from the X level to the C' level, NH3The energy level of C ' is unstable, the energy level of C ' can spontaneously transit to the energy level A, fluorescence with the wavelength of 565nm can be released outwards in the process of transiting from the energy level of C ' to the energy level A, and NH can be detected by detecting a fluorescence signal3The measurement of (2). Guiding the femtosecond laser with the required wavelength of 305nm by a reflector and focusing by a focusing lens, then injecting the femtosecond laser into a flow field to be tested, and exciting NH in the flow field by resonance3So that the transition from the X level to the C 'level occurs, and NH at the C' level3Because of unstable spontaneous transition to A level, the fluorescence with the wavelength of 565nm is released in the process of transition from C' level to A level, and the corresponding fluorescence signal is collected by a spectrometer and an ICCD camera to realize NH3Transient measurement of (2).
In particular, gaseous ammonia (NH)3) The best mode of the measuring method of (1) is as follows:
firstly, a femtosecond laser is generated by a femtosecond laser 1, the femtosecond laser is incident to Topas2 and is adjusted to generate a femtosecond laser with a required wavelength of 305nm, the femtosecond laser with the wavelength of 305nm is guided to a focusing lens 3 by reflection of two reflecting mirrors, after being focused by the focusing lens 3, the focusing focus is adjusted to be positioned at a flow field 4 to be measured of the flow field, and gaseous ammonia (NH) in gas to be measured3) Generating corresponding fluorescent signals through femtosecond laser induction with the wavelength of 305nm, focusing the fluorescent signals to a slit of a spectrometer 7 after being gathered by an imaging lens 6, transmitting the fluorescent signals to an ICCD camera 8 after the spectrometer 7 performs light splitting processing on the signals, and transmitting the spectrum signals to the ICCD cameraThe computer 9 processes and analyzes the data to finally realize the ammonia gas (NH)3) Transient measurement of (2).
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The foregoing description of the specific embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many changes and modifications to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A device for measuring gaseous ammonia based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence comprises ammonia (NH)3) The flow field to be detected is characterized by further comprising a femtosecond laser, an optical parametric amplifier, a focusing lens, a light beam cut-off device, an imaging lens, a spectrometer, an ICCD camera and a computer, wherein the spectrometer is arranged on one side of the flow field to be detected, the spectrometer is connected with the ICCD camera, the spectrometer and the ICCD camera are both connected with the computer, laser emitted by the femtosecond laser passes through the optical parametric amplifier to be adjusted to obtain laser with the wavelength of 305nm, the laser with the wavelength of 305nm sequentially passes through the focusing lens, the flow field to be detected and the light beam cut-off device, and the imaging lens is arranged between the flow field to be detected and the spectrometer.
2. A method for measuring gaseous ammonia based on femtosecond laser induced fluorescence, which is based on the device for measuring gaseous ammonia in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the femtosecond laser is generated by the femtosecond laser, and the femtosecond laser is emitted into the optical parameter amplifier and is adjusted to generate the femtosecond laser with the wavelength of 305 nm;
the femtosecond laser with the wavelength of 305nm is guided to a focusing lens through reflection of a reflector for focusing, and a focusing focus is adjusted to be positioned at a flow field to be measured of the flow field;
inducing gaseous ammonia in a flow field to be detected by femtosecond laser with the wavelength of 305nm to generate a corresponding fluorescent signal;
the fluorescence signal is focused to a slit of a spectrometer after being gathered by an imaging lens, and the spectrometer performs light splitting processing on the fluorescence signal and then transmits the fluorescence signal to an ICCD camera;
the ICCD camera transmits the received spectrum signal to a computer for data processing and analysis, and finally transient measurement of the gaseous ammonia is realized.
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CN109443588A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-08 | 天津大学 | The flow field temperature measuring device and method to be shone based on femtosecond laser induced chemical |
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CN115855904A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-03-28 | 西安交通大学 | Ammonia combustion reaction biradical field laser measuring device and method |
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