CN111678432B - Ball-end milling cutter abrasion loss detection device and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Ball-end milling cutter abrasion loss detection device and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111678432B CN111678432B CN202010433753.7A CN202010433753A CN111678432B CN 111678432 B CN111678432 B CN 111678432B CN 202010433753 A CN202010433753 A CN 202010433753A CN 111678432 B CN111678432 B CN 111678432B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for detecting the abrasion loss of a ball-end milling cutter. The device comprises: guide way, laser sensor, first backup pad, second backup pad, base, screw nut, hand wheel, slider, first wireless transmitter, second wireless transmitter, controller, liquid crystal display and function button. The invention can be conveniently installed on a numerical control machining center, skillfully utilizes a standard ball to determine the position of a detection point, uses a laser sensor to detect the abrasion loss of the ball-end milling cutter, has high detection precision, high detection speed and clear detection result, provides accurate data support for cutter replacement or error compensation of high-precision numerical control machining, finishes controller design and data acquisition by software and utilizing the characteristic of high precision of a numerical control system, is easy to realize, has low cost and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ball end mill wear loss detection, in particular to a ball end mill wear loss detection device and a detection method thereof.
Background
Along with the manufacturing development of China, the requirements on the numerical control machining technology are higher and higher, and the requirements on the product precision are higher and higher. The ball end mill is also more and more widely applied to numerical control milling of various curved surfaces and arc grooves. As shown in fig. 1, in the cnc milling process, the radius of the ball end mill is a fixed value, and the tool location point is generally set as a spherical center point O1 at the beginning of the process, i.e. the cnc machine always controls the point O1 to complete the cutting process. However, in the actual cutting process, the cutting amount and the cutting time of each point of the ball end mill are different, so that the ball end mill face is unevenly worn, the radius value of the milling cutter is changed, and the processing precision is influenced.
Therefore, there is a need for a device that can quickly detect wear in a ball nose mill to determine whether to replace the tool or to compensate for errors. The current common method is a high-precision camera shooting method, and the wear state of the cutter is judged by analyzing shot pictures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a ball-end milling cutter abrasion loss detection device and a detection method thereof in order to reduce the cost of the ball-end milling cutter abrasion detection device, and the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a ball end mill wear amount detection device, the device comprising: the device comprises a guide groove, a laser sensor, a first supporting plate, a second supporting plate, a base, a screw nut, a hand wheel, a sliding block, a first wireless transmitter, a second wireless transmitter, a controller, a liquid crystal display screen and a function key;
the laser sensor is fixedly arranged in the transverse guide groove and the vertical guide groove respectively, the first supporting plate is fixedly arranged on the base, the second supporting plate is fixedly arranged on the sliding block, and the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are kept parallel;
the sliding block is installed on the base, concave grooves are formed in two sides of the lower portion of the base, the lead screw nut is installed inside the sliding block, and the outer end of the lead screw nut is connected with the hand wheel;
the data signal output end of the laser sensor arranged on the first supporting plate is connected with the data signal input end of the first wireless transmitter, and the data signal output end of the laser sensor arranged on the second supporting plate is connected with the data signal input end of the second wireless transmitter;
the controller, the liquid crystal display screen and the function keys are integrated together, the controller is in wireless communication with the first wireless transmitter and the second wireless transmitter respectively, the data signal output end of the controller is connected with the liquid crystal display screen, and the control signal output end of the function keys is connected with the control signal input end of the controller.
Preferably, the function keys comprise 4 hard keys, namely a detection key, a measurement key and a reset key.
Preferably, the controller adopts 89C52 as a core control chip.
A method for detecting the abrasion loss of a ball-end milling cutter comprises the following steps:
step 1: the controller initializes the detection device and determines whether a key is pressed;
step 2: after determining that no key is pressed, starting to detect, reading data information acquired by the laser sensor by the controller, and filtering, storing and displaying;
and step 3: adjusting a laser sensor to be close to a ball-end milling cutter to be detected, and collecting detection data of the ball-end milling cutter;
and 4, step 4: and comparing the acquired detection data of the ball milling cutter with the standard ball data, determining the abrasion loss of the ball milling cutter, and displaying the abrasion loss through a display.
Preferably, a machine coordinate value O of the center of the standard sphere is input1Standard ball radius r and ball-end cutter radius r to be measured1The sphere center of the ball end mill to be measured and O1Overlapping, adopting a laser sensor to acquire detection data of the ball end mill to be detected as s1，s2，s3，s4And comparing the acquired detection data of the ball milling cutter with the standard ball data to determine the abrasion loss of the ball milling cutter to be detected.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can be conveniently installed on a numerical control machining center, skillfully utilizes a standard ball to determine the position of a detection point, uses a laser sensor to detect the abrasion loss of the ball-end milling cutter, has high detection precision, high detection speed and clear detection result, provides accurate data support for cutter replacement or error compensation of high-precision numerical control machining, finishes controller design and data acquisition by software and utilizing the characteristic of high precision of a numerical control system, is easy to realize, has low cost and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wear of an integral ball nose mill;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a ball end mill wear amount detection device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the determination of the location of a detection point based on a standard ball;
FIG. 4 is a key detection flow diagram;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of device detection;
fig. 6 determines the distance of 4 detection points from the center of the sphere for a standard sphere.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
according to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a wear amount detecting apparatus for a ball end mill, the apparatus including: the device comprises a guide groove 1, a laser sensor 2, a first supporting plate 3, a second supporting plate 10, a base 4, a screw nut 11, a hand wheel 5, a sliding block 6, a first wireless transmitter 12, a second wireless transmitter 13, a controller 7, a liquid crystal display screen 8 and a function key 9;
the laser sensor 2 is fixedly arranged in the transverse guide groove 1 and the vertical guide groove 1 respectively, the first supporting plate 3 is fixedly arranged on the base 4, the second supporting plate 10 is fixedly arranged on the sliding block 6, and the first supporting plate 3 and the second supporting plate 10 are kept parallel;
the sliding block 6 is installed on the base 4, concave grooves are formed in two sides of the lower portion of the base 4, the lead screw nut 11 is installed inside the sliding block 6, and the outer end of the lead screw nut 11 is connected with the hand wheel 5;
the data signal output end of the laser sensor 2 arranged on the first support plate 3 is connected with the data signal input end of the first wireless transmitter 12, and the data signal output end of the laser sensor 2 arranged on the second support plate 10 is connected with the data signal input end of the second wireless transmitter 13;
the controller 7, the liquid crystal display 8 and the function keys 9 are integrated together, the controller 7 is in wireless communication with the first wireless transmitter 12 and the second wireless transmitter 13 respectively, the data signal output end of the controller 7 is connected with the liquid crystal display 8, and the control signal output end of the function keys 9 is connected with the control signal input end of the controller 7.
The function keys 9 comprise 4 hard keys, namely a detection key, a measurement key and a reset key. The soft keys are realized through a liquid crystal touch screen, and the soft key functions comprise 'cursor left movement', 'cursor right movement', 'data plus 1', 'data minus 1', 'determination' and 'clearing'. The controller 7 adopts 89C52 as a core control chip.
The main program controls the flow: as shown in fig. 4, after power-on, the controller 7 initializes each module, detects that each module is normal, assigns an initial value, performs key scanning, enters a key subprogram if a key is pressed, displays basic information on a screen if no key is pressed, lights a corresponding indicator light, and returns the program.
The "detection" key function, as shown in fig. 5, is that after the "detection" key is pressed, the controller 7 reads data information of the four laser displacement sensors, and performs filtering, storage and display, and stores the machine coordinate value of the standard sphere center, the standard sphere radius value and the to-be-detected sphere head cutter radius value input by the touch screen. The function of the 'measuring' key is to read the current 4 sensor detection data, calculate the deviation amount according to the record value stored by the 'detecting' key and display on the screen.
The invention provides a method for detecting the abrasion loss of a ball-end milling cutter, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the controller initializes the detection device and determines whether a key is pressed; the detection device is arranged on an operation table of a numerical control machining center, and the operation table is manually moved by controlling an operation panel of the numerical control machine tool, so that a machine tool spindle points to the center of the device.
Step 2: after determining that no key is pressed, starting to detect, reading data information acquired by the laser sensor by the controller, and filtering, storing and displaying;
and step 3: adjusting a laser sensor to be close to a ball-end milling cutter to be detected, and collecting detection data of the ball-end milling cutter; the numerically controlled machine tool is operated to call the ball end milling cutter out from the tool magazine, the spherical center of the ball end milling cutter is enabled to come to O1, a measuring key on a detection device controller is pressed, 4 laser sensors collect current position information, and deviation, namely abrasion loss, is displayed on a screen through program calculation.
And 4, step 4: and comparing the acquired detection data of the ball milling cutter with the standard ball data, determining the abrasion loss of the ball milling cutter, and displaying the abrasion loss through a display. As shown in fig. 6, the standard ball is taken out of the tool magazine and lowered to the center of the detection device, and the 4 laser ranging sensors are manually adjusted to the positions outside the standard ball (the distance is greater than 1mm and less than 5 mm). Pressing the detection button, the controller collects the position information data of 4 laser sensors (the laser sensors detect the position information and output the information in a current form, the controller converts the current signal into the position signal through hardware and software programs), and the detection data are s respectively1，s2，s3，s4Data is displayed on the screenThe above. Simultaneously inputting machine tool coordinate value O of standard ball center through keys1Standard ball radius r and ball-end cutter radius r to be measured1。
Inputting machine coordinate value O of standard ball center1Standard ball radius r and ball-end cutter radius r to be measured1The sphere center of the ball end mill to be measured and O1Overlapping, adopting a laser sensor to acquire detection data of the ball end mill to be detected as s1，s2，s3，s4And comparing the acquired detection data of the ball milling cutter with the standard ball data to determine the abrasion loss of the ball milling cutter to be detected.
The second embodiment is as follows:
the device is arranged on a numerical control machine tool through a concave groove, the detection principle mainly utilizes the characteristic of high repeated positioning precision of a numerical control machining center, firstly determines the accurate positions of 4 detection points (sensors) by a standard ball, and then measures the abrasion loss of the ball-end milling cutter to be detected by utilizing the determined 4 detection points. In the process, mechanical mechanisms, electrical hardware and software programs are designed.
The specific detection principle is as follows:
in the first step, 4 detection point locations are determined. As shown in fig. 3, the standard ball is replaced by the tool magazine of the machine tool, and the accuracy of the standard ball is high, so that the spherical error can be ignored. And 4 laser sensors are adjusted to be close to the standard ball, and the distance between the measuring head and the spherical surface is larger than 1mm and smaller than 5mm according to the characteristics of the laser sensors. At this time, the controller collects the position detection data of 4 sensors, namely the distance between the measuring head and the spherical surface. As shown in fig. 3, the standard center of sphere O1The coordinate system of the machine tool is known, the radius of the standard sphere is known, and the detection distances of the 4 sensors are known, so that the distances between the detection points of the 4 sensors and the circle center are determined values.
The specific determination method comprises the following steps: as shown in table 1, the detection device collects certain standard ball detection data.
TABLE 1 certain Standard ball data collected by the detection device
| s1(mm) | s2(mm) | s3(mm) | s4(mm) | r(mm) |
| 1.5275 | 1.4341 | 1.4934 | 1.5933 | 10.000 |
Wherein: s1，s2，s3，s4Data were detected for 4 sensors; and r is a standard sphere radius value. At this time, the machine coordinate system position O of the standard sphere center is recorded1(x,-314.125)(y,-217.722)(z,-419.428)。
And secondly, measuring the ball end mill to be measured. The measured ball end milling cutter is called out by utilizing a tool magazine of a numerical control machining center, and a panel of a machine tool is manually operated to lead the cutter to arrive at the same ball center position O of a standard ball1(x, -314.125) (y, -217.722) (z, -419.428) (machine tool repositioning error neglected). At this time, the controller collects 4 sensor detection data and calculates a difference value. As shown in table 2, the data of a certain measured ball end mill collected by the detection device.
TABLE 2 measured data of ball end mill collected by a certain detection device
| s11(mm) | s12(mm) | s13(mm) | s14(mm) | r1(mm) |
| 3.7247 | 3.5748 | 3.6543 | 3.7131 | 8.000 |
Wherein: s11，s12，s13，s14Detecting point data for the sensor; r is1The radius value of the measured ball nose cutter is obtained.
And (3) calculating the abrasion loss of the ball-end milling cutter at four detection points:
Δs1＝(s11+r1)-(s1+r)＝(3.7247+8)-(1.5275+10)＝0.1972
Δs2＝(s12+r1)-(s2+r)＝(3.5748+8)-(1.4341+10)＝0.1407
Δs3＝(s13+r1)-(s3+r)＝(3.6543+8)-(1.4934+10)＝0.1609
Δs4＝(s14+r1)-(s4+r)＝(3.7131+8)-(1.5933+10)＝0.1198
wherein: Δ s1,Δs2,Δs3,Δs4And displaying the abrasion value on a screen for detecting the abrasion value of the point of the ball end mill to be detected.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the device and the method for detecting the wear amount of the ball milling cutter, and the protection scope of the device and the method for detecting the wear amount of the ball milling cutter is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and variations which do not depart from the gist of the invention will be those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains and which are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a ball head milling cutter wearing and tearing volume detection device which characterized by: the device comprises: the device comprises a guide groove, a laser sensor, a first supporting plate, a second supporting plate, a base, a screw nut, a hand wheel, a sliding block, a first wireless transmitter, a second wireless transmitter, a controller, a liquid crystal display screen and a function key;
the laser sensor is fixedly arranged in the transverse guide groove and the vertical guide groove respectively, the first supporting plate is fixedly arranged on the base, the second supporting plate is fixedly arranged on the sliding block, and the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are kept parallel;
the sliding block is installed on the base, concave grooves are formed in two sides of the lower portion of the base, the lead screw nut is installed inside the sliding block, and the outer end of the lead screw nut is connected with the hand wheel;
the data signal output end of the laser sensor arranged on the first supporting plate is connected with the data signal input end of the first wireless transmitter, and the data signal output end of the laser sensor arranged on the second supporting plate is connected with the data signal input end of the second wireless transmitter;
the controller, the liquid crystal display screen and the function keys are integrated together, the controller is in wireless communication with the first wireless transmitter and the second wireless transmitter respectively, a data signal output end of the controller is connected with the liquid crystal display screen, and a control signal output end of the function keys is connected with a control signal input end of the controller;
the function keys comprise 4 hard keys which are respectively a detection key, a measurement key and a reset key;
the controller adopts 89C52 as a core control chip.
2. A ball milling cutter wear amount detection method based on the ball milling cutter wear amount detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the controller initializes the detection device and determines whether a key is pressed;
step 2: after determining that no key is pressed, starting to detect, reading data information acquired by the laser sensor by the controller, and filtering, storing and displaying;
and step 3: adjusting a laser sensor to be close to a ball-end milling cutter to be detected, and collecting detection data of the ball-end milling cutter;
and 4, step 4: and comparing the acquired detection data of the ball milling cutter with the standard ball data, determining the abrasion loss of the ball milling cutter, and displaying the abrasion loss through a display.
3. The method for detecting the wear amount of the ball end mill as set forth in claim 2, wherein: inputting machine coordinate value O of standard ball center1Standard ball radius r and ball-end cutter radius r to be measured1The sphere center of the ball end mill to be measured and O1Overlapping, adopting a laser sensor to acquire detection data of the ball end mill to be detected as s1，s2，s3，s4And comparing the acquired detection data of the ball milling cutter with the standard ball data to determine the abrasion loss of the ball milling cutter to be detected.
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| CN112496861B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2023-07-28 | 常州信息职业技术学院 | Ball end mill wear detection device and use method |
| CN114544159A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Bone cutting instrument wear detection device, wear detection system, and wear detection method |
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