CN111641827A - Data compression method and device for prediction residual entropy coding by switching multiple schemes - Google Patents
Data compression method and device for prediction residual entropy coding by switching multiple schemes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a data compression method and a device for entropy coding the residual error of a whole compression unit by selecting one of a plurality of preset residual error coding schemes including binarization and/or pre-entropy coding processing according to the setting of the options of coding parameters and/or coding modes at least including the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or the quantization parameter and/or the prediction mode and/or the transformation mode and/or the quantization mode.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an encoding and decoding (also called decoding) system for compressing data, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for entropy encoding and decoding prediction residuals of data.
Background
With the human society entering the era of big data, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, mobile computing, cloud-mobile computing, ultra high definition (4K) and ultra high definition (8K) video image resolution, 4G/5G communication, and virtual reality, it becomes an indispensable technology to perform ultra high compression ratio and extremely high quality data compression on various data, including big data, image data, video data, audio data, voice data, neural network data, and various new-form data. A new trend in the field of data compression is the diversification and differentiation of data, such as the increasing bit precision of the dynamic range and the representation thereof, and the increasing requirements of data compression, such as the coding requirements of lossless, ultra-low distortion and lossy, and low distortion and lossy.
A data set is a set of data elements (e.g., bytes, bits, pixels, pixel components, spatial sampling points, transform domain coefficients). When encoding (and correspondingly decoding) data compression of a data set (e.g., a one-dimensional data queue, a two-dimensional data file, a frame of image, a video sequence, a transform domain, a transform block, a plurality of transform blocks, a three-dimensional scene, a sequence of continuously-changing three-dimensional scenes) arranged in a certain spatial (one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or multi-dimensional) shape, especially a two-dimensional or more data sets, the data set is usually divided into a plurality of integer compression units having predetermined shapes and sizes (i.e., the number of elements), and the data set is encoded or decoded in units of one integer compression unit. At any one time, the integer compression unit being encoded or decoded is referred to as the current integer compression unit. The data element (also sometimes simply referred to as an element) being encoded or decoded is referred to as the current data element, simply referred to as the current element. An element consists of N components (typically 1 ≦ N ≦ 5), so both the data set and the entire compression unit consist of N components.
The encoding in data compression typically consists of at least part or all of the following stages:
1) prediction, mainly including prediction of adjacent elements (such as pixels), string prediction, block prediction, etc., to generate prediction residual, referred to as residual;
2) transformation, which mainly transforms the prediction residual to generate a transformation coefficient, referred to as coefficient for short; when the transformation is identical transformation, namely actually not transforming, the coefficient is completely equal to the residual error;
3) quantizing, namely quantizing the coefficient to generate a quantized residual error; when quantization is identical quantization, i.e. no quantization is actually done, the quantized residual equals the coefficient; when the transform is an identity transform, the quantized residual is the result of quantizing the prediction residual; when the quantization is an identity quantization and the transform is an identity transform, the quantized residual equals the coefficient and also equals the residual;
4) entropy coding, which mainly comprises entropy coding at least including binarization on the quantization residual error to generate a compressed data code stream.
Decoding in data compression typically consists of at least part or all of the following stages:
1) entropy decoding, which mainly analyzes the compressed data code stream and at least performs entropy decoding including inverse binarization to generate a quantization residual error;
2) inverse quantization, which is mainly to inverse quantize the quantized residual error to generate a reconstruction coefficient; when the quantization is identical quantization, i.e. no quantization is actually done, the inverse quantization is also identical inverse quantization, i.e. no inverse quantization is actually done, so that the reconstruction coefficient is equal to the quantization residual;
3) inverse transformation, which is mainly to perform inverse transformation on the reconstruction coefficient to generate a reconstruction residual error; when the transformation is the identity transformation, namely the transformation is not actually carried out, the inverse transformation is also the identity transformation, namely the inverse transformation is not actually carried out, so that the reconstruction residual is completely equal to the reconstruction coefficient; when the quantization is an identity quantization and the transformation is an identity transformation, the inverse quantization is also an identity inverse quantization and the inverse transformation is also an identity inverse transformation, such that the reconstructed residual equals the reconstruction coefficient and also equals the quantized residual;
4) the prediction compensation mainly includes prediction compensation of adjacent elements (such as pixels), string prediction compensation, block prediction compensation and the like, and the generated reconstruction data is also called reconstruction data or restoration data.
The prediction residual, the transform coefficient and the quantization residual in each stage of the above encoding and the quantization residual, the reconstruction coefficient and the reconstruction residual in each stage of the decoding are often collectively referred to as residual or residual data. Whether the residual is a prediction residual, a transform coefficient, a quantized residual, a reconstructed coefficient, or a reconstructed residual is generally determined by context. The residual, if not determinable from the context, refers to a prediction residual and/or transform coefficients and/or quantization residual and/or reconstruction coefficients and/or reconstruction residual.
The input data, the original data, the residual data, and the individual data or data elements in the intermediate data involved in the encoding and decoding stages are referred to as data samples or samples.
Both binarization and inverse binarization are related to the one-to-one correspondence between the value Val and a binary symbol string representing the value Val, i.e. a binary codeword Code. This one-to-one correspondence is typically represented by a code table or equivalent computational formula or equivalent pseudo code. The following are several commonly used binarization and anti-binarization modes and code tables representing their correspondence:
1) has a maximum value of X-2n-1 n-bit fixed length Code, the correspondence between the value Val and the Code word Code is shown in the following Code table:
2) a meta Code, wherein the corresponding relationship between the value Val and the Code word Code is shown in the following Code table:
3) the truncated unary Code with the maximum value X has the correspondence between the value Val and the Code word Code as shown in the following Code table:
4) the corresponding relationship between the value Val and the Code word Code of the k-th order exponential golomb Code is shown by the following Code table:
when k is 0
When k is 1
When k is 2
Obviously, binarization is to obtain the corresponding Code word Code from the value Val, and inverse binarization is to obtain the corresponding value Val from the Code word Code.
In the prior art, no matter what kind of prediction is used, what kind of transform is used, whether the transform is an identity transform, what kind of quantization is used, whether the quantization is an identity quantization, what dynamic range of data is, what bit precision of data is, what distortion requirement of coding is, how to set distortion control parameters of coding is, basically, a single binarization, inverse binarization, entropy coding and entropy decoding way is used for quantization residual, and when the transform is an identity transform and the quantization is an identity quantization, the prediction residual is also used.
In the new application field of various data compression with new characteristics of increasingly diversified and differentiated data, more diversified, differentiated and complicated prediction, transformation and quantization technologies, great difference of dynamic range and bit precision of data, such as difference from 8 bits to 16 bits, different distortion requirements of data compression, and the like, a single binarization, inverse binarization, entropy coding and entropy decoding mode cannot meet the requirements of the new applications on coding efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further greatly improve the coding efficiency of data compression under the new conditions of increasing diversity and differentiation of data, more diversity, differentiation and complication of prediction, transformation and quantization technologies, great difference of dynamic range and bit precision of data, different distortion requirements of data compression and the like, the invention provides a method for setting options of coding parameters and/or coding modes according to the coding parameters and/or the coding modes at least comprising the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirements of data compression and/or transformation size and/or quantization parameters and/or prediction modes and/or transformation modes and/or quantization modes, a data compression method and apparatus for entropy coding the residual error of a whole compression unit by selecting one of a plurality of predetermined sets of residual error entropy coding schemes including binarization and/or pre-entropy coding processes, accordingly.
The invention is characterized in that the invention has a plurality of sets of preset residual entropy coding schemes and corresponding residual entropy decoding schemes; according to the setting of the options of the coding parameters and/or the coding modes at least comprising the bit precision of the data and/or the distortion requirement of the data compression and/or the transformation size and/or the quantization parameter and/or the prediction mode and/or the transformation mode and/or the quantization mode, one of the plurality of preset residual error coding schemes or one of the residual error entropy decoding schemes is correspondingly selected to carry out entropy coding or entropy decoding on the residual error of the whole compression unit.
In the coding method and the device, the most basic unique technical characteristics are that the method is provided with a (2 is more than or equal to A and less than or equal to 5) set of preset quantization residual error entropy coding schemes; a plurality of preset coding parameters and/or coding modes comprising the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or the quantization parameter and/or the prediction mode and/or the transformation mode and/or the quantization mode have various preset options; selecting one of said plurality of options of encoding parameters and/or encoding modes as a respective option corresponding to an integral compression unit; performing an encoding operation on the integer compression unit using the respective option, including at least prediction and/or transformation and/or quantization; and according to a preset rule, determining a corresponding quantization residual entropy coding scheme from the corresponding option, and performing entropy coding on the quantization residual of the whole compression unit by using the corresponding quantization residual entropy coding scheme to generate a compressed data code stream at least containing part or all information required by the option representing the coding parameter and/or the coding mode and/or the quantization residual entropy coding scheme. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an encoding method or apparatus of the present invention.
In the decoding method and the device, the most basic unique technical characteristics are that A (A is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5) set of preset quantization residual entropy decoding schemes are provided; a plurality of preset coding parameters and/or decoding modes comprising the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or the quantization parameters and/or the prediction compensation mode and/or the inverse transformation mode and/or the inverse quantization mode respectively have a plurality of preset options; analyzing the compressed data code stream to obtain corresponding options of the coding parameters and/or decoding modes used by the whole compression unit; according to a predetermined rule, determining a corresponding quantized residual entropy decoding scheme from the corresponding option, performing entropy decoding using the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme, and performing decoding operations including at least inverse quantization and/or inverse transformation and/or prediction compensation on the integer compression unit using the corresponding option to generate restored data. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a decoding method or apparatus of the present invention.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an encoding method for compressing a data set and data thereof, characterized in that,
at least comprises A (A is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5) set of predetermined quantization residual error entropy coding schemes; when the quantization is an identity quantization, the quantized residual equals the coefficient; when the transform is an identity transform, the quantized residual is the result of quantizing the prediction residual; when the quantization is an identity quantization and the transform is an identity transform, the quantized residual is equal to the prediction residual;
the method comprises the steps that a plurality of preset coding parameters and/or coding modes respectively have preset multiple options, the coding parameters at least comprise the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or the quantization parameters, and the coding modes at least comprise a prediction mode and/or a transformation mode and/or a quantization mode;
when encoding a whole compression unit, the steps involved include at least the following:
1) selecting one of a plurality of options of the encoding parameters and/or the encoding modes as a corresponding option corresponding to the integer compression unit,
2) performing at least a prediction and/or transform and/or quantization coding operation on the integer compression unit using at least the respective option,
3) selecting one of the A sets of quantized residual entropy coding schemes as a respective residual entropy coding scheme corresponding to the integer compression unit according to a predetermined rule at least according to the respective option,
4) pre-entropy encoding the prediction residual of the integer compression unit and/or entropy encoding the quantized residual of the integer compression unit using at least the respective residual entropy encoding scheme,
5) and writing the coding result into a compressed data code stream, wherein the compressed data code stream at least comprises part or all information which indicates that the corresponding option is the coding parameter and/or which option of the coding mode and/or which set of quantized residual error entropy coding scheme is the corresponding residual error entropy coding scheme.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an encoding apparatus for compressing a data set and data thereof, characterized in that,
at least comprises A (A is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5) set of predetermined quantization residual error entropy coding schemes; when the quantization is an identity quantization, the quantized residual equals the coefficient; when the transform is an identity transform, the quantized residual is the result of quantizing the prediction residual; when the quantization is an identity quantization and the transform is an identity transform, the quantized residual is equal to the prediction residual;
the method comprises the steps that a plurality of preset coding parameters and/or coding modes respectively have preset multiple options, the coding parameters at least comprise the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or the quantization parameters, and the coding modes at least comprise a prediction mode and/or a transformation mode and/or a quantization mode;
when encoding an integer compression unit, the modules involved at least include the following:
the coding parameter and/or coding mode selection module: selecting one of a plurality of options of the encoding parameters and/or the encoding modes as a corresponding option corresponding to the integer compression unit,
the coding module: performing at least a prediction and/or transform and/or quantization coding operation on the integer compression unit using at least the respective option,
a residual entropy coding scheme selection module: selecting one of the A sets of quantized residual entropy coding schemes as a respective residual entropy coding scheme corresponding to the integer compression unit according to a predetermined rule at least according to the respective option,
an entropy coding pre-processing and/or entropy coding module: pre-entropy encoding the prediction residual of the integer compression unit and/or entropy encoding the quantized residual of the integer compression unit using at least the respective residual entropy encoding scheme,
a compressed data code stream generation module: and writing the coding result into a compressed data code stream, wherein the compressed data code stream at least comprises part or all information which indicates that the corresponding option is the coding parameter and/or which option of the coding mode and/or which set of quantized residual error entropy coding scheme is the corresponding residual error entropy coding scheme.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a decoding method for compressing a data set and data thereof, characterized in that,
at least comprises A (A is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5) set of predetermined quantization residual entropy decoding schemes; when the inverse quantization is identical inverse quantization, the reconstruction coefficient is equal to the quantization residual error; when the inverse transform is the constant inverse transform, the reconstructed residual is equal to the reconstruction coefficient; when the inverse quantization is an equal inverse quantization and the inverse transform is an equal inverse transform, the reconstructed residual is equal to the reconstruction coefficient and also equal to the quantized residual;
the method comprises the steps that a plurality of preset coding parameters and/or decoding modes respectively have preset multiple options, the coding parameters at least comprise the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or quantization parameters, and the decoding modes at least comprise an inverse quantization mode and/or an inverse transformation mode and/or a prediction compensation mode;
when decoding an integer compression unit, the steps involved include at least the following:
1) analyzing the compressed data code stream, obtaining corresponding options of the encoding parameters and/or the decoding modes used by the whole compression unit, wherein the corresponding options are one of the multiple options of the encoding parameters and/or the decoding modes,
2) selecting one of the A sets of quantized residual entropy decoding schemes as a corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme corresponding to the integer compression unit according to a predetermined rule at least according to the corresponding option,
3) entropy decoding the whole compression unit using at least the respective residual entropy decoding scheme, obtaining at least a quantized residual, and/or entropy decoding post-processing a residual of the whole compression unit to be used for prediction compensation, obtaining at least a reconstructed residual,
4) performing at least an inverse quantization and/or inverse transform and/or prediction compensation decoding operation on the integer compression unit using at least the respective option.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a decoding apparatus for compressing a data set and data thereof, characterized in that,
at least comprises A (A is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5) set of predetermined quantization residual entropy decoding schemes; when the inverse quantization is identical inverse quantization, the reconstruction coefficient is equal to the quantization residual error; when the inverse transform is the constant inverse transform, the reconstructed residual is equal to the reconstruction coefficient; when the inverse quantization is an equal inverse quantization and the inverse transform is an equal inverse transform, the reconstructed residual is equal to the reconstruction coefficient and also equal to the quantized residual;
the method comprises the steps that a plurality of preset coding parameters and/or decoding modes respectively have preset multiple options, the coding parameters at least comprise the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or quantization parameters, and the decoding modes at least comprise an inverse quantization mode and/or an inverse transformation mode and/or a prediction compensation mode;
when decoding an integral compression unit, the modules involved at least include the following:
compressed data code stream analysis module: analyzing the compressed data code stream, obtaining corresponding options of the encoding parameters and/or the decoding modes used by the whole compression unit, wherein the corresponding options are one of the multiple options of the encoding parameters and/or the decoding modes,
a residual entropy decoding scheme selection module: selecting one of the A sets of quantized residual entropy decoding schemes as a corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme corresponding to the integer compression unit according to a predetermined rule at least according to the corresponding option,
an entropy decoding and/or entropy decoding post-processing module: entropy decoding the whole compression unit using at least the respective residual entropy decoding scheme, obtaining at least a quantized residual, and/or entropy decoding post-processing a residual of the whole compression unit to be used for prediction compensation, obtaining at least a reconstructed residual,
a decoding module: performing at least an inverse quantization and/or inverse transform and/or prediction compensation decoding operation on the integer compression unit using at least the respective option.
In the present invention, the data includes one or a combination of the following types of data
1) One-dimensional data;
2) two-dimensional data;
3) multidimensional data;
4) a graph;
5) dimension division graphics;
6) an image;
7) a sequence of images;
8) video;
9) audio frequency;
10) a file;
11) a byte;
12) a bit;
13) a pixel;
14) a three-dimensional scene;
15) a sequence of continuously changing three-dimensional scenes;
16) a virtual reality scene;
17) sequence of scenes of continuously changing virtual reality
18) An image in the form of pixels;
19) transform domain data of the image;
20) a set of bytes in two or more dimensions;
21) a set of bits in two or more dimensions;
22) a set of pixels;
23) a set of three-component pixels (R, G, B) or variants thereof;
24) a set of three-component pixels (Y, U, V) or variants thereof;
25) a set of three-component pixels (Y, Cb, Cr) or variants thereof;
26) a set of three-component pixels (Y, Cg, Co) or variants thereof;
27) a set of four component pixels (C, M, Y, K) or variants thereof;
28) a set of four component pixels (R, G, B, a) or variants thereof;
29) a set of four component pixels (Y, U, V, a) or variants thereof;
30) a set of four component pixels (Y, Cb, Cr, a) or variants thereof;
31) a set of four component pixels (Y, Cg, Co, a) or variants thereof.
In the present invention, in the case where the original data is an image, a sequence of images, a video, or the like, the entire compression unit is an encoded region or a decoded region of the image or the sequence, including the following cases: a sequence, a sequence of pictures, a picture, a sub-picture of a picture, a slice, a slice tile, a macroblock, a largest coding unit LCU, a coding tree unit CTU, a coding unit CU, a sub-region of a CU, a sub-coding unit SubCU, a prediction block, a prediction unit PU, a sub-region of a PU, a sub-prediction unit SubPU, a transform block, a transform unit TU, a sub-region of a TU, a sub-transform unit SubTU.
The technical features of the present invention are explained above by specific embodiments. Other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an encoding method or apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a decoding method or apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Further implementation details of the invention are as follows.
Example 1
In the encoding method or device or the decoding method or device, the element of the data set is a byte or a bit or a pixel or an N (1 ≦ N ≦ 5) component pixel or a spatial sampling point or a transform domain coefficient of the N component pixel.
Example 2
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the plurality of options of the distortion requirement of the data compression are two options of lossless compression and lossy compression.
Example 3
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the multiple options of the bit precision of the data at least include the following options: 8bit, 10bit, 12bit and 16 bit.
Example 4
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the plurality of options of the encoding method or the decoding method are two options of the transform and the quantization being both identical and the transform and the quantization not being both identical, or two options of the equivalent inverse transform and the inverse quantization being both identical and the inverse transform and the inverse quantization not being both identical.
Example 5
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the set a of quantized residual entropy encoding schemes or entropy decoding schemes at least include the following 3 sets of schemes:
scheme 1, at least the following features are included: a syntax element coeff _ level _ minus1 which is symmetrical to be the absolute value minus one of a non-zero quantization residual error in entropy coding or entropy decoding adopts a first set of binarization mode or an inverse binarization mode;
scheme 2, at least the following features are included: a second set of binarization mode or inverse binarization mode is adopted by a syntax element coeff _ level _ minus1 which is symmetrically a non-zero quantization residual absolute value minus one in entropy coding or entropy decoding;
scheme 3, at least the following features are included: the syntax element coeff _ level _ minus1, which is symmetric to be the absolute value minus one of the non-zero quantized residual in entropy coding or entropy decoding, adopts a third set of binarization mode or inverse binarization mode.
Example 6
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus described in embodiment 5,
the first set of binarization mode or inverse binarization mode is as follows: having a predetermined threshold value K1If coeff _ level _ minus1 is less than K1Using a maximum value of K1-1, carrying out binarization or inverse binarization on the truncated unary code, otherwise, carrying out binarization or inverse binarization by using 0-order exponential Golomb code;
the second set of binarization method or inverse binarization method is as follows: having a predetermined threshold value K2If coeff _ level _ minus1 is less than K2Using a maximum value of K2-1, carrying out binarization or inverse binarization on the truncated unary code, otherwise, carrying out binarization or inverse binarization by using 0-order exponential Golomb code;
the second set of binarization method or inverse binarization method is as follows: having a predetermined threshold value K3＝2nIf coeff _ level _ minus1 is less than K3And carrying out binarization or inverse binarization by adopting an n-bit fixed length code, or else, carrying out binarization or inverse binarization by adopting a BitDepth fixed length code, wherein BitDepth is the bit precision of the data.
Example 7
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus described in embodiment 6,
the multiple options for the distortion requirements of the data compression are both lossless and lossy,
the multiple options of the bit precision BitDepth of the data at least include the following options: 8bit, 10bit, 12bit, 16bit,
the predetermined rule of selecting a respective residual entropy encoding scheme or a respective residual entropy decoding scheme according to the respective option is:
if the distortion requirement of the data compression is lossy compression, then,
the corresponding residual entropy encoding scheme or the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 1,
if not, then,
if the bit precision BitDepth of the data is not 16 bits, then
The corresponding residual entropy encoding scheme or the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 2,
if not, then,
the corresponding residual entropy encoding scheme or the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is scheme 3.
Example 8
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus described in embodiment 6,
the multiple options of the bit precision BitDepth of the data at least include the following options: 8bit, 10bit, 12bit, 16bit,
the multiple options of the coding mode or the decoding mode are two options of the transformation and the quantization which are all identical and the transformation and the quantization which are not all identical or two options of the equivalent inverse transformation and the inverse quantization which are both identical and the inverse transformation and the inverse quantization which are not both identical,
the predetermined rule of selecting a respective residual entropy encoding scheme or a respective residual entropy decoding scheme according to the respective option is:
if the transform and quantization are not both identical, or equivalently, the inverse transform and inverse quantization are not both identical, then,
the corresponding residual entropy encoding scheme or the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 1,
if not, then,
if the bit precision BitDepth of the data is not 16 bits, then
The corresponding residual entropy encoding scheme or the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 2,
if not, then,
the corresponding residual entropy encoding scheme or the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is scheme 3.
Example 9
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus described in embodiment 7 or 8, K1＝32，K2＝2BitDepth - 3，K3＝2n＝2048。
Example 10
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus,
the multiple options of the encoding mode or the decoding mode are the following two options:
1) the integer compression unit is encoded or decoded using intra prediction,
2) the integer compression unit is not encoded or decoded using intra prediction;
the A set of quantization residual entropy coding scheme or entropy decoding scheme at least comprises the following 2 sets of schemes:
scheme 1, at least the following features are included: the pre-entropy encoding process or the post-entropy decoding process respectively includes multiplying by a predetermined constant scaling factor a or-a or dividing by a predetermined constant scaling factor a or-a,
scheme 2, at least the following features are included: the pre-entropy encoding process or the post-entropy decoding process respectively comprises multiplying by a predetermined constant scaling factor a or-a or b or-b or dividing by a predetermined constant scaling factor a or-a or b or-b,
wherein a and b are both positive numbers;
the predetermined rule of selecting a respective residual entropy encoding scheme or a respective residual entropy decoding scheme according to the respective option is:
if the integer compression unit is encoded or decoded using intra prediction, then,
the corresponding residual entropy encoding scheme or the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 2,
if not, then,
the corresponding residual entropy encoding scheme or the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is scheme 1.
Example 11
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus according to embodiment 10, a =1 and b = 2.
Example 12
The encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus according to embodiment 11, wherein the division by 2 is right-shifted by one bin, and the division by-2 is multiplied by-1 and then right-shifted by one bin.
Example 13
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus according to embodiment 10 or 11 or 12, information indicating the sign of the predetermined constant scale factor multiplied or divided is present at one or several of the following places in the compressed data code stream:
1) a set of image parameters;
2) a sequence header;
3) a tape head;
4) an image head;
5) a CTU head;
6) a CU header;
7) and encoding and decoding a block header.
Example 14
Embodiment 13 in the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the information is one or more directly existing syntax elements and/or one or more implicitly derived parameters; the directly-existing syntax element is one or more bit strings (bit strings) in the compressed data code stream or a predetermined default value thereof; the implicitly derived parameters are parameters derived from one or more other coding parameters and/or codec variables and/or other syntax elements of the compressed data stream or predetermined default values thereof.
Example 15
Embodiment 13 of the method or apparatus for decoding, wherein the information is the following syntax elements in a picture parameter set or a picture header:
residual scale factor sign flag residual _ multiplier _ sign _ flag
The semantic description is as follows: two-value variable; a value of '0' indicates that the sign of the predetermined constant scale factor processed after residual entropy decoding is positive; a value of '1' indicates that the sign of the predetermined constant scale factor processed after residual entropy decoding is negative; if the syntax element is not present in the bitstream, the value equivalent to the syntax element is the default value '0', i.e. the sign of said predetermined constant scale factor processed after residual entropy decoding is positive.
Example 16
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus according to embodiment 10 or 11 or 12, information indicating an absolute value of the predetermined constant scale factor multiplied or divided is present at one or several of the following places in the compressed data code stream:
1) a set of image parameters;
2) a sequence header;
3) a tape head;
4) an image head;
5) a CTU head;
6) a CU header;
7) and encoding and decoding a block header.
Example 17
The encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus of embodiment 16, wherein the information is one or more directly existing syntax elements and/or one or more implicitly derived parameters; the directly-existing syntax element is one or more bit strings (bit strings) in the compressed data code stream or a predetermined default value thereof; the implicitly derived parameters are parameters derived from one or more other coding parameters and/or codec variables and/or other syntax elements of the compressed data stream or predetermined default values thereof.
Example 18
In the decoding method or apparatus according to embodiment 16, the information is a parameter resideal multipliermode derived from other coding parameters and/or codec variables and/or other syntax elements of the compressed data stream: when the Residual MultiplierMode takes a value of 2, the absolute value of the predetermined constant scale factor processed after residual entropy decoding is a; when the Residual MultiplierMode takes values of 1 and 3, the absolute value of the predetermined constant scale factor processed after residual entropy decoding is b; when the residual multipliermode takes a value of 0, residual error is not subjected to residual error entropy decoding post-processing, that is, the value of the predetermined constant scaling factor which is equal to the residual error entropy decoding post-processing is 1.
Example 19
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, there is some or all information indicating which option of the encoding parameter and/or the encoding mode or the decoding mode and/or which set of quantized residual entropy encoding scheme or entropy decoding scheme the corresponding residual entropy encoding scheme or decoding scheme is required for representing the corresponding option at one or several of the following places in the compressed data code stream:
1) a sequence parameter set;
2) a set of image parameters;
3) a sequence header;
4) a tape head;
5) an image head;
6) a CTU head;
7) a CU header;
8) and encoding and decoding a block header.
Example 20
The encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus of embodiment 19, wherein the part or all of the information is one or more directly existing syntax elements and/or one or more implicitly derived parameters; the directly-existing syntax element is one or more bit strings (bit strings) in the compressed data code stream or a predetermined default value thereof; the implicitly derived parameters are parameters derived from one or more other coding parameters and/or codec variables and/or other syntax elements of the compressed data stream or predetermined default values thereof.
Example 21
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the integer compression unit is a sequence or a sequence of images; part or all of the information required for indicating which option of the coding parameter and/or the coding mode or the decoding mode the corresponding option is present in a sequence parameter set or a sequence header of the compressed data code stream.
Example 22
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the integer compression unit is a sequence or a sequence of images; part or all of the information required for indicating which option of the coding parameter and/or the coding mode or the decoding mode is the level label profile _ id existing in the sequence parameter set or the sequence header of the compressed data code stream.
Example 23
Embodiment 22 said encoding method or apparatus or said decoding method or apparatus, wherein said profile _ id indicates two options of a distortion requirement of said data compression, and if said profile _ id is equal to a predetermined value K, said distortion requirement of said data compression is lossless compression, otherwise said distortion requirement of said data compression is lossy compression.
Example 24
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the integer compression unit is a CTU or a CU; part or all of the information required for indicating which of the encoding parameters and the encoding mode or the decoding mode the corresponding option is, is a flag bit CU _ trans _ bypass _ flag existing in a CTU header or a CU header of the compressed data stream.
Example 25
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus described in embodiment 24, the flag bit cu _ transquant _ bypass _ flag indicates two options of the distortion requirement of the data compression, where if cu _ transquant _ bypass _ flag is equal to 1, the distortion requirement of the data compression is lossless compression, and otherwise, the distortion requirement of the data compression is lossy compression.
Claims (10)
1. An encoding method for compressing a data set and its data,
at least comprises A (A is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5) set of predetermined quantization residual error entropy coding schemes; when the quantization is an identity quantization, the quantized residual equals the coefficient; when the transform is an identity transform, the quantized residual is the result of quantizing the prediction residual; when the quantization is an identity quantization and the transform is an identity transform, the quantized residual is equal to the prediction residual;
the method comprises the steps that a plurality of preset coding parameters and/or coding modes respectively have preset multiple options, the coding parameters at least comprise the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or the quantization parameters, and the coding modes at least comprise a prediction mode and/or a transformation mode and/or a quantization mode;
when encoding a whole compression unit, the steps involved include at least the following:
selecting one of a plurality of options of the encoding parameters and/or the encoding modes as a corresponding option corresponding to the integer compression unit,
performing at least a prediction and/or transform and/or quantization coding operation on the integer compression unit using at least the respective option,
selecting one of the A sets of quantized residual entropy coding schemes as a respective residual entropy coding scheme corresponding to the integer compression unit according to a predetermined rule at least according to the respective option,
pre-entropy encoding the prediction residual of the integer compression unit and/or entropy encoding the quantized residual of the integer compression unit using at least the respective residual entropy encoding scheme,
and writing the coding result into a compressed data code stream, wherein the compressed data code stream at least comprises part or all information which indicates that the corresponding option is the coding parameter and/or which option of the coding mode and/or which set of quantized residual error entropy coding scheme is the corresponding residual error entropy coding scheme.
2. An encoding apparatus for compressing a data set and data thereof,
at least comprises A (A is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5) set of predetermined quantization residual error entropy coding schemes; when the quantization is an identity quantization, the quantized residual equals the coefficient; when the transform is an identity transform, the quantized residual is the result of quantizing the prediction residual; when the quantization is an identity quantization and the transform is an identity transform, the quantized residual is equal to the prediction residual;
the method comprises the steps that a plurality of preset coding parameters and/or coding modes respectively have preset multiple options, the coding parameters at least comprise the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or the quantization parameters, and the coding modes at least comprise a prediction mode and/or a transformation mode and/or a quantization mode;
when encoding an integer compression unit, the modules involved at least include the following:
the coding parameter and/or coding mode selection module: selecting one of a plurality of options of the encoding parameters and/or the encoding modes as a corresponding option corresponding to the integer compression unit,
the coding module: performing at least a prediction and/or transform and/or quantization coding operation on the integer compression unit using at least the respective option,
a residual entropy coding scheme selection module: selecting one of the A sets of quantized residual entropy coding schemes as a respective residual entropy coding scheme corresponding to the integer compression unit according to a predetermined rule at least according to the respective option,
an entropy coding pre-processing and/or entropy coding module: pre-entropy encoding the prediction residual of the integer compression unit and/or entropy encoding the quantized residual of the integer compression unit using at least the respective residual entropy encoding scheme,
a compressed data code stream generation module: and writing the coding result into a compressed data code stream, wherein the compressed data code stream at least comprises part or all information which indicates that the corresponding option is the coding parameter and/or which option of the coding mode and/or which set of quantized residual error entropy coding scheme is the corresponding residual error entropy coding scheme.
3. A decoding method for compressing a data set and its data,
at least comprises A (A is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5) set of predetermined quantization residual entropy decoding schemes; when the inverse quantization is identical inverse quantization, the reconstruction coefficient is equal to the quantization residual error; when the inverse transform is the constant inverse transform, the reconstructed residual is equal to the reconstruction coefficient; when the inverse quantization is an equal inverse quantization and the inverse transform is an equal inverse transform, the reconstructed residual is equal to the reconstruction coefficient and also equal to the quantized residual;
the method comprises the steps that a plurality of preset coding parameters and/or decoding modes respectively have preset multiple options, the coding parameters at least comprise the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or quantization parameters, and the decoding modes at least comprise an inverse quantization mode and/or an inverse transformation mode and/or a prediction compensation mode;
when decoding an integer compression unit, the steps involved include at least the following:
analyzing the compressed data code stream, obtaining corresponding options of the encoding parameters and/or the decoding modes used by the whole compression unit, wherein the corresponding options are one of the multiple options of the encoding parameters and/or the decoding modes,
selecting one of the A sets of quantized residual entropy decoding schemes as a corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme corresponding to the integer compression unit according to a predetermined rule at least according to the corresponding option,
entropy decoding the whole compression unit using at least the respective residual entropy decoding scheme, obtaining at least a quantized residual, and/or entropy decoding post-processing a residual of the whole compression unit to be used for prediction compensation, obtaining at least a reconstructed residual,
performing at least an inverse quantization and/or inverse transform and/or prediction compensation decoding operation on the integer compression unit using at least the respective option.
4. The decoding method according to claim 3, wherein the data comprises one or a combination of the following types of data,
one-dimensional data;
two-dimensional data;
multidimensional data;
a graph;
dimension division graphics;
an image;
a sequence of images;
video;
audio frequency;
a file;
a byte;
a bit;
a pixel;
a three-dimensional scene;
a sequence of continuously changing three-dimensional scenes;
a virtual reality scene;
sequence of scenes of continuously changing virtual reality
An image in the form of pixels;
transform domain data of the image;
a set of bytes in two or more dimensions;
a set of bits in two or more dimensions;
a set of pixels;
a set of three-component pixels (R, G, B) or variants thereof;
a set of three-component pixels (Y, U, V) or variants thereof;
a set of three-component pixels (Y, Cb, Cr) or variants thereof;
a set of three-component pixels (Y, Cg, Co) or variants thereof;
a set of four component pixels (C, M, Y, K) or variants thereof;
a set of four component pixels (R, G, B, a) or variants thereof;
a set of four component pixels (Y, U, V, a) or variants thereof;
a set of four component pixels (Y, Cb, Cr, a) or variants thereof;
a set of four component pixels (Y, Cg, Co, a) or variants thereof.
5. The decoding method according to claim 3, wherein in case that the original data is a picture, a sequence of pictures, a video, the entire compression unit is a decoded area of the picture or the sequence, including the following cases: a sequence, a sequence of pictures, a picture, a sub-picture of a picture, a slice, a slice tile, a macroblock, a largest coding unit LCU, a coding tree unit CTU, a coding unit CU, a sub-region of a CU, a sub-coding unit SubCU, a prediction block, a prediction unit PU, a sub-region of a PU, a sub-prediction unit SubPU, a transform block, a transform unit TU, a sub-region of a TU, a sub-transform unit SubTU.
6. The decoding method according to claim 3, wherein said set A of quantized residual entropy decoding schemes comprises at least the following 3 sets of schemes:
scheme 1, at least the following features are included: a syntax element coeff _ level _ minus1 which is symmetrical to be the absolute value minus one of a non-zero quantized residual in entropy decoding adopts a first set of inverse binarization mode;
scheme 2, at least the following features are included: a second set of inverse binarization modes is adopted by a syntax element coeff _ level _ minus1 which is symmetric to be the absolute value minus one of a non-zero quantized residual in entropy decoding;
scheme 3, at least the following features are included: the syntax element coeff _ level _ minus1, which is symmetric to be the absolute value of the non-zero quantized residual minus one in entropy decoding, employs a third set of inverse binarization.
7. The decoding method according to claim 6,
the first set of inverse binarization modes is as follows: having a predetermined threshold value K1If coeff _ level _ minus1 is less than K1Using a maximum value of K1-1, performing inverse binarization on the truncated unary code, otherwise, performing inverse binarization by using 0-order exponential Golomb code;
the second set of inverse binarization method is as follows: having a predetermined threshold value K2If coeff _ level _ minus1 is less than K2Using a maximum value of K2-1, performing inverse binarization on the truncated unary code, otherwise, performing inverse binarization by using 0-order exponential Golomb code;
the second set of inverse binarization method is as follows: having a predetermined threshold value K3＝2nIf coeff _ level _ minus1 is less than K3And performing inverse binarization by using an n-bit fixed length code, otherwise, performing inverse binarization by using a BitDepth fixed length code, wherein BitDepth is the bit precision of the data.
8. The decoding method according to claim 7,
the multiple options for the distortion requirements of the data compression are both lossless and lossy,
the multiple options of the bit precision BitDepth of the data at least include the following options: 8bit, 10bit, 12bit, 16bit,
the predetermined rule of selecting a respective residual entropy decoding scheme according to the respective option is:
if the distortion requirement of the data compression is lossy compression, then,
the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 1,
if not, then,
if the bit precision BitDepth of the data is not 16 bits, then
The corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 2,
if not, then,
the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 3.
9. The decoding method according to claim 7,
the multiple options of the bit precision BitDepth of the data at least include the following options: 8bit, 10bit, 12bit, 16bit,
the multiple options of the coding mode or the decoding mode are two options of the transformation and the quantization which are all identical and the transformation and the quantization which are not all identical or two options of the equivalent inverse transformation and the inverse quantization which are both identical and the inverse transformation and the inverse quantization which are not both identical,
the predetermined rule of selecting a respective residual entropy encoding scheme or a respective residual entropy decoding scheme according to the respective option is:
if the transform and quantization are not both identical, or equivalently, the inverse transform and inverse quantization are not both identical, then,
the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 1,
if not, then,
if the bit precision BitDepth of the data is not 16 bits, then
The corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 2,
if not, then,
the corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme is said scheme 3.
10. A decoding apparatus for compressing a data set and data thereof,
at least comprises A (A is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5) set of predetermined quantization residual entropy decoding schemes; when the inverse quantization is identical inverse quantization, the reconstruction coefficient is equal to the quantization residual error; when the inverse transform is the constant inverse transform, the reconstructed residual is equal to the reconstruction coefficient; when the inverse quantization is an equal inverse quantization and the inverse transform is an equal inverse transform, the reconstructed residual is equal to the reconstruction coefficient and also equal to the quantized residual;
the method comprises the steps that a plurality of preset coding parameters and/or decoding modes respectively have preset multiple options, the coding parameters at least comprise the bit precision of data and/or the distortion requirement of data compression and/or the transformation size and/or quantization parameters, and the decoding modes at least comprise an inverse quantization mode and/or an inverse transformation mode and/or a prediction compensation mode;
when decoding an integral compression unit, the modules involved at least include the following:
compressed data code stream analysis module: analyzing the compressed data code stream, obtaining corresponding options of the encoding parameters and/or the decoding modes used by the whole compression unit, wherein the corresponding options are one of the multiple options of the encoding parameters and/or the decoding modes,
a residual entropy decoding scheme selection module: selecting one of the A sets of quantized residual entropy decoding schemes as a corresponding residual entropy decoding scheme corresponding to the integer compression unit according to a predetermined rule at least according to the corresponding option,
an entropy decoding and/or entropy decoding post-processing module: entropy decoding the whole compression unit using at least the respective residual entropy decoding scheme, obtaining at least a quantized residual, and/or entropy decoding post-processing a residual of the whole compression unit to be used for prediction compensation, obtaining at least a reconstructed residual,
a decoding module: performing at least an inverse quantization and/or inverse transform and/or prediction compensation decoding operation on the integer compression unit using at least the respective option.
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