CN111614752B - Method and device for data transmission - Google Patents
Method and device for data transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN111614752B CN111614752B CN202010425793.7A CN202010425793A CN111614752B CN 111614752 B CN111614752 B CN 111614752B CN 202010425793 A CN202010425793 A CN 202010425793A CN 111614752 B CN111614752 B CN 111614752B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/14—Session management
- H04L67/141—Setup of application sessions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a method and a device for data transmission. The specific implementation scheme is as follows: receiving a message sent by opposite terminal equipment; analyzing the message to obtain a message header; and responding to the fact that the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header are matched with the preset characters, and establishing long connection with opposite-end equipment. This embodiment improves the efficiency of data transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to the technical field of data transmission.
Background
A communication protocol refers to the rules and conventions that must be followed by two entities to complete a communication or service. The communication protocol defines the format used by the data unit, the information and meaning that the information unit should contain, the manner of connection, the timing of the transmission and reception of the information, etc., to ensure that data is successfully delivered to a specific location in the network.
Currently, the most common general application layer Protocol is HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), which provides rich functions and is suitable for a browser/server mode scene, but HTTP cannot support long connections natively.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for data transmission.
In a first aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide a method for data transmission, the method comprising: receiving a message sent by opposite terminal equipment; analyzing the message to obtain a message header; and responding to the fact that the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header are matched with the preset characters, and establishing long connection with opposite-end equipment.
In a second aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide an apparatus for data transmission, the apparatus comprising: a receiving unit configured to receive a message sent by a peer device; the analysis unit is configured to analyze the message to obtain a message header; and the establishing unit is configured to respond to the fact that the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header are matched with the preset characters, and establish long connection with the opposite terminal equipment.
In a third aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide an apparatus comprising: one or more processors; a storage device, on which one or more programs are stored, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method as described above in the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described above in the first aspect.
According to the technology of the application, the efficiency of data transmission is improved.
It should be understood that the statements in this section do not necessarily identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor do they limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
The drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the present solution and are not intended to limit the present application. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of some exemplary system architectures to which the present application may be applied;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration according to a second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing the method for data transmission according to the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, includes various details of the embodiments of the application to assist in understanding, which are to be considered exemplary only. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 shows an exemplary system architecture 100 to which embodiments of the method for data transmission or the apparatus for data transmission of the present application may be applied.
As shown in fig. 1, the system architecture 100 may include terminal devices 101, 102, 103, a network 104, and a server 105. The network 104 serves as a medium for providing communication links between the terminal devices 101, 102, 103 and the server 105. Network 104 may include various connection types, such as wired, wireless communication links, or fiber optic cables, to name a few.
A user may use terminal devices 101, 102, 103 to interact with a server 105 over a network 104 to receive or send messages or the like. The terminal devices 101, 102, 103 may have various client applications installed thereon, such as news-related applications, social-related applications, search-related applications, and the like.
The terminal apparatuses 101, 102, and 103 may be hardware or software. When the terminal devices 101, 102, 103 are hardware, they may be various electronic devices with display screens, including but not limited to smart phones, tablet computers, laptop portable computers, desktop computers, and the like. When the terminal apparatuses 101, 102, 103 are software, they can be installed in the electronic apparatuses listed above. It may be implemented as multiple pieces of software or software modules, or as a single piece of software or software module. And is not particularly limited herein.
The server 105 may be a server providing various services, for example, a background server providing support for applications installed on the terminal devices 101, 102, and 103, and the server 105 may receive a message sent by a peer device; analyzing the message to obtain a message header; and responding to the fact that the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header are matched with the preset characters, and establishing long connection with opposite-end equipment.
It should be noted that the method for data transmission provided in the embodiment of the present application may be executed by the server 105, or may be executed by the terminal devices 101, 102, and 103, and accordingly, the apparatus for data transmission may be disposed in the server 105, or may be disposed in the terminal devices 101, 102, and 103.
The server may be hardware or software. When the server is hardware, it may be implemented as a distributed server cluster composed of multiple servers, or may be implemented as a single server. When the server is software, it may be implemented as multiple pieces of software or software modules (e.g., to provide distributed services), or as a single piece of software or software module. And is not particularly limited herein.
It should be understood that the number of terminal devices, networks, and servers in fig. 1 is merely illustrative. There may be any number of terminal devices, networks, and servers, as desired for implementation.
With continued reference to fig. 2, a flow 200 of one embodiment of a method for data transmission according to the present application is shown. The method for data transmission comprises the following steps:
In this embodiment, a method execution subject (for example, a server or a terminal shown in fig. 1) for data transmission may receive a message sent by a peer device. The peer device may include various servers or terminals. In practice, communication with different electronic devices usually depends on different communication protocols, which refer to rules and conventions that must be followed by two entities to complete communication or service. The communication protocol defines the format used by the data unit, the information and meaning that the information unit should contain, the manner of connection, the timing of the transmission and reception of the information, etc., to ensure that data is successfully delivered to a specific location in the network.
In this embodiment, the execution body may parse the message obtained in step 201 to obtain a message header. Typically, two devices interact, and the transmitted valid byte stream may be referred to as text (Payload). Before transmission, a data sending end needs to add a message Header (Header) to a text according to a format of a communication protocol to form a message to be transmitted. The composition and definition of the message header is typically different for different communication protocols. Different classes of data are transmitted and the composition of the text is usually different. The execution main body can analyze the message according to a pre-agreed application layer communication protocol with the opposite terminal device to obtain a message header.
In this embodiment, the execution body may establish a long connection with the peer device in response to determining that the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header analyzed in step 202 match the preset characters. In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the preset byte bit includes a first byte, and in comparison with determining whether to establish a long connection by using multi-bit characters in the message header, matching is performed only according to the first byte to determine whether to establish a long connection, so that the content of the message header is further reduced, thereby reducing the bandwidth requirement and improving the transmission efficiency. Here, the preset character may be selected according to actual needs, for example, the symbol "$" or other symbols may be selected. Matching with the preset character may include the same as the preset character, or having another preset matching relationship with the preset character. The long connection means that a plurality of data packets can be continuously transmitted on one connection, and the closing mode of the long connection can be defined by self.
In the prior art, the establishment of a long connection is complex, taking an HTTP protocol as an example, the establishment of the long connection can be realized only by switching to a Websocket (web socket) through a request message, and in this embodiment, the establishment of the long connection with an opposite device can be realized by determining a character of a preset byte bit in a message header, and the establishment process of the long connection is convenient and fast, so that the efficiency of data transmission is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application, in the application scenario of fig. 3, a server 301 receives a message 303 sent by a user through a terminal 302, then parses the message 303 to obtain a message header 304, determines whether a character of a preset byte bit of the message header 304 matches a preset character, and if it is determined that the character of the preset byte bit of the message header 304 matches the preset character, may establish a long connection with the terminal 302.
With further reference to fig. 4, a flow 400 of yet another embodiment of a method for data transmission is shown. The flow 400 of the method for data transmission includes the following steps:
In this embodiment, a method execution subject (for example, a server or a terminal shown in fig. 1) for data transmission may determine a legal body type according to characters of preset byte bits of a message header and a correspondence between preset characters and legal body types. Legal body types may include 64-bit integers, floating point numbers, error messages, strings, byte streams, and the like. Compared with the use of a plurality of byte bits, the legal text type is determined through the first byte of the message header, so that the message header is simplified, the bandwidth requirement is reduced, and the data transmission efficiency is further improved.
In this embodiment, the corresponding relationship between the character and the legal text type can be set according to actual needs, taking the preset byte bit as the first byte, the message header first byte as "+", and the corresponding legal text type can be an integer of 64 bits; the first byte of the message header is "-", and the corresponding legal text type can be a 64-bit double-precision floating point number in IEEE-754 standard; the first byte of the message header is "! ", the corresponding legal text type can be error information, the error information is a character string, the character string can only contain ASCII code and can not contain continuous" \ r \ n "substring, and r \ n is used as an end mark; the first byte of the message header is "#", the corresponding legal text type can be a character string, the character string can not contain continuous \ r \ n substrings, and \ r \ n is used as an end mark; the header byte of the message is "═ and the corresponding legal text type can be a byte stream, at this time, the last 4 bytes in the message header, namely a 32-bit integer, represent the length of the legal text type byte stream, the length is in bytes, and no end mark is needed after the byte stream in the text. In addition, the integer and floating point numbers may use a LITTLE-ENDIAN (LITTLE-ENDIAN, low-ENDIAN) mode.
In this embodiment, the executing entity may process the message in response to determining that the body of the message matches the legal body type determined in step 401. The specific processing mode is determined according to the content of the message. The execution agent may use a conditional statement or Finite state Automata (Deterministic Finite state Automata) to determine whether the body of the message matches a legitimate body type.
In some optional implementations of this embodiment, when the finite state automaton is used, the finite state automaton may jump from an initial state to a state of receiving legal text-type data according to a preset byte character of a message header.
Then, when determining whether the text of the message is matched with the legal text type, the state of the finite state automaton can be determined in sequence according to each byte in the text of the message, and the state of the finite state automaton can also be determined every other bytes until the finite state automaton is determined to jump to an illegal state or a termination state. And jumping to the state that the text of the illegal state description message is not matched with the legal text type, and moving to the state that the text of the termination state description message is matched with the legal text type.
The finite state automaton is used for determining whether the text of the message is matched with the legal text type, so that the parsing efficiency can be improved, and the implementation difficulty of a parser (parser) can be simplified.
In this embodiment, the executing entity may discard the message and does not process the message in response to determining that the body of the message does not match the legal body type obtained in step 401.
As can be seen from fig. 4, compared with the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2, in the flow 400 of the method for data transmission in this embodiment, a legal text type is determined by a character of a byte bit preset in a message header, so that the validity of a message is verified, and the security of data transmission is further improved.
With further reference to fig. 5, as an implementation of the methods shown in the above-mentioned figures, the present application provides an embodiment of an apparatus for data transmission, where the embodiment of the apparatus corresponds to the embodiment of the method shown in fig. 2, and the apparatus may be specifically applied to various electronic devices.
As shown in fig. 5, the apparatus 500 for data transmission of the present embodiment includes: receiving section 501, analyzing section 502, and establishing section 503. The receiving unit is configured to receive a message sent by the opposite terminal equipment; the analysis unit is configured to analyze the message to obtain a message header; and the establishing unit is configured to respond to the fact that the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header are matched with the preset characters, and establish long connection with the opposite terminal equipment.
In this embodiment, the specific processing of the receiving unit 501, the parsing unit 502, and the establishing unit 503 of the apparatus 500 for data transmission may refer to step 201, step 202, and step 203 in the corresponding embodiment of fig. 2.
In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the apparatus further comprises: the determining unit is configured to determine a legal text type according to the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header and the corresponding relation between the preset characters and the legal text type; a processing unit configured to process the message in response to determining that the text of the message matches a legitimate text type; a discarding unit configured to discard the message in response to determining that the body of the message does not match a legitimate body type.
In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the apparatus further includes: a jumping unit configured to: the finite state automaton is jumped from the initial state to a state in which legal text-type data is received.
In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the apparatus further includes: a state determination unit configured to: and sequentially determining the state of the finite state automata according to each byte in the message body until the finite state automata is determined to jump to an illegal state or a termination state.
In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the predetermined byte bit includes a first byte.
The apparatus provided in the foregoing embodiment of the present application receives a message sent by an opposite-end device; analyzing the message to obtain a message header; and in response to the fact that the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header are matched with the preset characters, long connection is established with opposite-end equipment, and the data transmission efficiency is improved.
According to an embodiment of the present application, an electronic device and a readable storage medium are also provided.
As shown in fig. 6, it is a block diagram of an electronic device for data transmission according to the method of the embodiment of the present application. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the applications described and/or claimed herein.
As shown in fig. 6, the electronic apparatus includes: one or more processors 601, memory 602, and interfaces for connecting the various components, including a high-speed interface and a low-speed interface. The various components are interconnected using different buses and may be mounted on a common motherboard or in other manners as desired. The processor may process instructions for execution within the electronic device, including instructions stored in or on the memory to display graphical information of a GUI on an external input/output apparatus (such as a display device coupled to the interface). In other embodiments, multiple processors and/or multiple buses may be used, along with multiple memories and multiple memories, as desired. Also, multiple electronic devices may be connected, with each device providing portions of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multi-processor system). In fig. 6, one processor 601 is taken as an example.
The memory 602 is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium as provided herein. Wherein the memory stores instructions executable by at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the method for data transmission provided herein. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of the present application stores computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method for data transmission provided herein.
The memory 602, as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, may be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the method for data transmission in the embodiments of the present application (e.g., the receiving unit 501, the parsing unit 502, and the establishing unit 503 shown in fig. 5). The processor 601 executes various functional applications of the server and data processing, i.e., implements the method for data transmission in the above method embodiments, by running non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 602.
The memory 602 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to use of the electronic device for data transmission, and the like. Further, the memory 602 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 602 optionally includes memory located remotely from the processor 601, which may be connected to an electronic device for data transfer over a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The electronic device of the method for data transmission may further include: an input device 603 and an output device 604. The processor 601, the memory 602, the input device 603, and the output device 604 may be connected by a bus or other means, and are exemplified by being connected by a bus in fig. 6.
The input device 603 may receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electronic apparatus for data transmission, such as an input device like a touch screen, a keypad, a mouse, a track pad, a touch pad, a pointer, one or more mouse buttons, a track ball, a joystick, etc. The output devices 604 may include a display device, auxiliary lighting devices (e.g., LEDs), and tactile feedback devices (e.g., vibrating motors), among others. The display device may include, but is not limited to, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a Light Emitting Diode (LED) display, and a plasma display. In some implementations, the display device can be a touch screen.
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here can be realized in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, application specific ASICs (application specific integrated circuits), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be special or general purpose, receiving data and instructions from, and transmitting data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
These computer programs (also known as programs, software applications, or code) include machine instructions for a programmable processor, and may be implemented using high-level procedural and/or object-oriented programming languages, and/or assembly/machine languages. As used herein, the terms "machine-readable medium" and "computer-readable medium" refer to any computer program product, apparatus, and/or device (e.g., magnetic discs, optical disks, memory, Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs)) used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor, including a machine-readable medium that receives machine instructions as a machine-readable signal. The term "machine-readable signal" refers to any signal used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which a user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), and the Internet.
The computer system may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the data transmission efficiency is improved.
It should be understood that various forms of the flows shown above may be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present application may be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, and are not limited herein as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in the present application can be achieved.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may be made in accordance with design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A method for data transmission, comprising:
receiving a message sent by opposite terminal equipment;
analyzing the message to obtain a message header;
responding to the fact that the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header are matched with the preset characters, and establishing long connection with the opposite terminal equipment;
determining a legal text type according to the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header and the corresponding relation between the preset characters and the legal text type;
and responding to the fact that the text of the message is matched with the legal text type, and processing the message.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
discarding the message in response to determining that the body of the message does not match the legitimate body type.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein after determining the legal body type according to the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header and the corresponding relationship between the preset characters and the legal body type, the method further comprises:
and jumping the finite state automaton from the initial state to a state for receiving the data of the legal text type.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein after jumping the finite state automaton from an initial state to a state in which data of the legal body type is received, the method further comprises:
and sequentially determining the state of the finite state automaton according to each byte in the message body until the finite state automaton is determined to jump to an illegal state or a termination state.
5. The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein the preset byte bits comprise a first byte.
6. An apparatus for data transmission, comprising:
a receiving unit configured to receive a message sent by a peer device;
the analysis unit is configured to analyze the message to obtain a message header;
an establishing unit configured to establish a long connection with the peer device in response to determining that a character of a preset byte bit of the message header matches a preset character;
the determining unit is configured to determine a legal text type according to the characters of the preset byte bits of the message header and the corresponding relation between the preset characters and the legal text type;
a processing unit configured to process the message in response to determining that the body of the message matches the legitimate body type.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
a discarding unit configured to discard the message in response to determining that the body of the message does not match the legitimate body type.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
and the jumping unit is configured to jump the finite state automaton from an initial state to a state of receiving the legal text type data.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
and the state determining unit is configured to sequentially determine the states of the finite state automata according to the bytes in the message body until the finite state automata is determined to jump to an illegal state or a termination state.
10. The apparatus of any of claims 6-9, wherein the preset byte bits comprise a first byte.
11. An electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-5.
12. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-5.
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