CN111613894B - Antenna assembly, electronic device and antenna performance adjusting method - Google Patents
Antenna assembly, electronic device and antenna performance adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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Abstract
The application relates to an antenna assembly, an electronic device and an antenna performance adjusting method, wherein the antenna assembly comprises: the antenna module comprises a radiation unit for supporting millimeter wave communication; the beam forming module is arranged at an interval with the antenna module and comprises a conductive mechanism and a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected with the conductive mechanism and used for driving the conductive mechanism to move relative to the radiation unit, when the conductive mechanism moves relative to the radiation unit, the radiation direction and/or the radiation power of millimeter wave signals radiated by the radiation unit change, and then high gain, beam forming and beam scanning functions required by millimeter wave 5G communication are achieved so as to improve communication quality and communication quality.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna assembly, an electronic device, and an antenna performance adjusting method.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology, 5G network technology has emerged. The peak theoretical transmission speed of the 5G network, as a fifth generation mobile communication network, can reach tens of Gb per second, which is hundreds of times faster than the transmission speed of the 4G network, and the millimeter wave band with sufficient spectrum resources becomes one of the working bands of the 5G communication system.
In general, a millimeter wave antenna module supporting millimeter wave communication may be fixedly mounted in an electronic device for communication. When the millimeter wave antenna module is fixedly installed in the electronic device, the Effective omnidirectional Radiated Power (EIRP) is a fixed value in any usage scenario, and the communication quality is not high in some usage scenarios.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna assembly, electronic equipment and an antenna performance adjusting method, which can dynamically adjust the radiation power of millimeter wave signals and have high communication quality.
An antenna assembly, comprising:
the antenna module comprises a radiation unit for supporting millimeter wave communication;
a beam forming module, spaced apart from the antenna module, including a conductive mechanism and a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism being connected to the conductive mechanism for driving the conductive mechanism to move relative to the radiating element, wherein,
when the conductive mechanism moves relative to the radiation unit, the radiation direction and/or radiation power of the millimeter wave signal radiated by the radiation unit changes.
In addition, an electronic device is also provided, which comprises the antenna assembly and a millimeter wave radio frequency module connected with the antenna assembly, and is used for transceiving millimeter wave antenna signals.
An antenna performance adjusting method is applied to the electronic device, and the method includes:
detecting gain information of a main lobe of a radiation unit towards a base station;
sending a driving signal according to the gain information so as to enable the driving mechanism to drive the conductive mechanism to move, so as to adjust the radiation direction and/or the radiation power of the millimeter wave signal radiated by the radiation unit; wherein the driving signal at least comprises movement vector information for driving the conductive mechanism to move.
The antenna assembly comprises a radiation unit antenna module for supporting millimeter wave communication and a beam forming module arranged at an interval with the antenna module, wherein the beam forming module comprises a conductive mechanism and a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected with the conductive mechanism and is used for driving the conductive mechanism to move relative to the radiation unit, when the conductive mechanism moves relative to the radiation unit, the radiation direction and/or the radiation power of millimeter wave signals radiated by the radiation unit change so as to dynamically adjust the radiation direction and/or the radiation power of the millimeter wave signals, and further high gain, beam forming and beam scanning functions required by millimeter wave 5G communication are realized so as to improve the communication quality and the communication quality, and meanwhile, the design structure occupies a small space and has a small volume, Easy debugging and high stability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an antenna assembly according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an antenna assembly in another embodiment;
FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram illustrating a side view of an embodiment of a conductive mechanism in its original state;
FIG. 3b is a schematic side view of the movement of the conductive mechanism in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of an antenna assembly in yet another embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dipole antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of a radiating element according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6b is a schematic structural diagram of a radiating element in another embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of an antenna assembly in yet another embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device in one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of a method for antenna performance adjustment in one embodiment;
fig. 10 is a block diagram of a partial structure of a mobile phone related to an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that, as used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first radiating element may be referred to as a second radiating element, and similarly, a second radiating element may be referred to as a first radiating element, without departing from the scope of the present application. The first and second radiating elements are both radiating elements, but they are not the same radiating element.
The antenna assembly of an embodiment of the present application is applied to an electronic Device, and in an embodiment, the electronic Device may be a communication module including a Mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a wearable Device (e.g., a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), or other antenna assemblies.
As shown in fig. 1, the present application provides an antenna assembly. In one embodiment, the antenna assembly includes an antenna module 10 and a beam forming module 20 spaced apart from the antenna module 10. The antenna module 10 includes a radiation unit 110 for supporting millimeter wave communication. Millimeter waves refer to electromagnetic waves having a wavelength on the order of millimeters, and having a frequency of about 20GHz to about 300 GHz. The electromagnetic wave is an oscillating particle wave which is derived and emitted in space by an electric field and a magnetic field which are in the same phase and are perpendicular to each other, is an electromagnetic field which propagates in a wave form and has the particle duality. The electric field and the magnetic field which oscillate in phase and are perpendicular to each other move in space in the form of waves, and the propagation direction of the waves is perpendicular to the plane formed by the electric field and the magnetic field.
The 3GPP has specified a list of frequency bands supported by 5G NR, the 5G NR spectrum range can reach 100GHz, and two frequency ranges are specified: frequency range 1(FR1), i.e. the sub-6 GHz band, and Frequency range 2(FR2), i.e. the millimeter wave band. Frequency range of FR 1: 450MHz-6.0GHz, maximum channel bandwidth 100 MHz; the frequency range of FR2 is 24.25GHz-52.6GHz, and the maximum channel bandwidth is 400 MHz. The near 11GHz spectrum for 5G mobile broadband comprises: 3.85GHz licensed spectrum, for example: 28GHz (24.25-29.5GHz), 37GHz (37.0-38.6GHz), 39GHz (38.6-40GHz) and 14GHz unlicensed spectrum (57-71 GHz). The working frequency bands of the 5G communication system comprise three frequency bands of 28GHz, 39GHz and 60 GHz.
In one embodiment, the antenna module 10 may include a radiation unit 110. For example, radiating element 110 for supporting millimeter wave communications may be implemented as a phased antenna array, which may be an antenna array of patch antennas, dipole antennas, yagi antennas, beam antennas, or other suitable antenna elements.
The antenna module 10 is fixed, for example, the antenna module 10 can be fixed on a circuit board of an electronic device. A radio frequency module for processing millimeter wave signals may also be disposed on the circuit board, and the antenna module 10 may be connected to the radio frequency module to implement transceiving of millimeter wave signals.
The beam forming module 20 includes a conductive mechanism 210 and a driving mechanism 220, and the driving mechanism 220 is connected to the conductive mechanism 210 and is configured to drive the conductive mechanism 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110.
In one embodiment, the drive mechanism 220 may include a power motor and transmission unit (not shown). The transmission unit may be a pushing member directly abutted against the conductive mechanism 210, so as to simply and directly convert the power of the power motor into a pushing force for the conductive mechanism 210. In addition, the power motor may also be directly associated with an electronic device through which intelligent control of the conductive mechanism 210 is achieved. For example, the electronic device may detect gain information of a main lobe of the radiation unit towards the base station direction, and send a driving signal according to the gain information, so that the driving mechanism drives the conductive mechanism to move, where the driving signal at least includes movement vector information for driving the conductive mechanism to move.
In an embodiment, the driving mechanism 220 may further include a spring assembly (not shown) having a snap-fit function, and the spring assembly cooperates with the conductive mechanism 210 to control the position of the conductive mechanism 210 relative to the antenna module 10. For example, when the spring in the spring assembly is in a compressed state, the relative displacement between the conductive mechanism 210 and the antenna module 10 is minimum (original state), that is, the conductive mechanism is not moved relative to the antenna module 10, and the spring returns to the deformed state to push the conductive mechanism 210 to move, so that the conductive mechanism 210 moves relative to the antenna module 10; alternatively, when the spring in the spring assembly is in a stretched state, the relative displacement between the conductive mechanism 210 and the antenna module 10 is the largest, and the spring returns to its original state by pulling the conductive mechanism 210.
It should be noted that the structure of the driving mechanism 220 is not limited in the present application, so as to implement the driving function of the conductive mechanism 210.
The radiation of the millimeter wave has directivity. For a dipole array antenna, the conductive structure 210 corresponds to a planar radiator. The radiation element 110 radiates a millimeter wave with higher directivity or gain than a free space as long as the radiation element 110 is not completely attached to the conductive member 210. From the viewpoint of the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave radiated by the radiation unit 110, the radiation performance variation of the radiation unit 110 under the influence of the conductive mechanism can also be reflected on the radiation pattern. The radiation pattern is a graph describing the dependence relationship between the intensity and the direction (angle) of radio waves emitted by an antenna or other signal sources, and the radiation pattern is a relationship curve in the same direction of the ratio of the field intensity of a certain point in any direction of a far zone to the maximum field intensity of the same distance. The radiation pattern is a mathematical function or a graphically represented spatial coordinate function representing the radiation characteristics of the antenna.
When the conductive mechanism 210 moves relative to the radiation unit 110, the waveform (electromagnetic wave) of the millimeter wave signal radiated by the radiation unit 110 is disturbed, the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave radiated by the radiation unit 110 is different, and the number of lobes and the gain of the beam formed by the radiation unit 110 are also changed, so as to adjust the radiation direction and the radiation power of the millimeter wave signal radiated by the radiation unit 110.
In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna assembly includes an antenna module 10 and a beam forming module 20 spaced apart from the antenna module 10, where the beam forming module 20 includes a conductive mechanism 210 and a driving mechanism 220, and the driving mechanism 220 is connected to the conductive mechanism 210 and is configured to drive the conductive mechanism 210 to move relative to the radiating element 110. When the conductive mechanism 210 moves relative to the radiation unit 110, the waveform of the millimeter wave signal radiated by the radiation unit 110 is disturbed to adjust the radiation power and the radiation direction of the millimeter wave signal radiated by the radiation unit 110, so as to realize higher gain and impedance periodic variation, and further realize high gain, beam forming and beam scanning functions required by millimeter wave 5G communication to improve the communication quality. The design structure occupies small space and volume, is easy to debug and has high stability.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the radiation Power may be understood as an Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP).
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in an embodiment, the conductive mechanism 210 is orthographically projected on the radiation unit 110, and a plane of a moving track of the conductive mechanism 210 is parallel to a plane of the radiation unit 110. That is, the conductive mechanism 210 is disposed at an interval from the radiation unit 110, and the radiation unit 110 is disposed adjacent to the rear cover of the electronic device, and the conductive mechanism 210 is disposed away from the rear cover of the electronic device, that is, the conductive mechanism 210 is disposed close to the display screen of the electronic device. The radiation unit 110 may be formed on a substrate including a radiation layer 111 and a ground dielectric layer 113 that are sequentially stacked, wherein the radiation layer 111 and the ground dielectric layer 113 are oppositely disposed. The radiation layer 111 is disposed adjacent to the back cover of the electronic device, and the beam direction of the millimeter wave is radiated in a direction facing the back cover of the electronic device with the radiation layer 111 as a reference, that is, a direction pointing to the radiation layer 111 from the ground dielectric layer 113 is a positive direction of the beam direction. Conductive features 210 are disposed adjacent to the ground dielectric layer 113.
The driving mechanism 220 can drive the conductive mechanism 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110, and the moving track can be a straight line, a curved line, a custom track, or the like. For example, the driving mechanism 220 can drive the conductive mechanism 210 to move back and forth along a first direction (refer to the solid arrow direction in fig. 1) relative to the radiation unit 110, wherein the first direction can be understood as a linear direction parallel to the plane of the radiation unit 110. For example, the driving mechanism 220 can drive the conductive mechanism 210 to move back and forth along a second direction (refer to the solid arrow direction in fig. 2) relative to the radiation unit 110, wherein the second direction can be understood as a linear direction perpendicular to the plane of the radiation unit 110.
In the embodiment of the present application, the moving track and the moving direction of the conductive mechanism 210 are not further limited.
It should be noted that, when the conductive mechanism 210 does not move relative to the radiation unit 110, the distance between the conductive mechanism 210 and the ground dielectric layer 113 satisfies the minimum requirement of millimeter wave radiation, that is, in the initial state, the distance between the conductive mechanism 210 and the ground dielectric layer is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. Under the condition of the preset value, the radiation unit 110 can obtain a millimeter wave signal with good directivity or high gain, and the millimeter wave signal can meet the basic requirement of communication.
In one embodiment, the conductive mechanism 210 is made of a magnetically conductive material or an electrically conductive material. For example, the conductive member 210 can be made of a metal conductive material, a copper material, a ferrite material, or the like. In the present application, the material of the conductive member 210 is not limited further, and may be a material having a high magnetic permeability, a material having a high dielectric constant, or the like. When the conductive mechanism 210 moves relative to the radiating element 110, the electromagnetic field distribution around the radiating element 110, the resonant frequency of the antenna, the gain, etc. may be affected.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment, the conducting mechanism 210 includes a disturbing part 211 and a pushing part 213 connected to each other, wherein the pushing part 213 is connected to the driving mechanism 220, and the pushing part 213 moves the disturbing part 211 in different planes with respect to the radiating unit 110 under the driving of the driving mechanism 220.
In one embodiment, the perturbation 211 may be a planar structure, such as a rectangle, a triangle, a circle, a polygon, an irregular figure, etc. The connection between the disturbing part 211 and the pushing part 213 is a vertical connection. For example, the driving mechanism 220 is formed in an "L" shape on a projection plane perpendicular to the radiation unit 110.
Optionally, the disturbing portion 211 may also have a curved surface structure, and the connection manner between the disturbing portion 211 and the pushing portion 213 may be a curved surface smooth connection.
In one embodiment, the size of the perturbation portion 211 is adjustable. For example, the information such as the shape and size of the perturbation portion 211 may be set according to the radiation requirement of the millimeter wave signal.
It should be noted that the shape, size, distance from the radiation unit 110, and other information of the conductive mechanism can be set according to actual requirements, and are not further limited herein.
In an embodiment, the number of the conductive mechanisms 210 may be multiple, and the multiple conductive mechanisms 210 are arranged in an array. For example, the number of the conductive members 210 may be two, three, four or more, and the conductive members 210 may be uniformly distributed below the radiation unit 110. The driving mechanism 220 may simultaneously drive at least one of the conductive mechanisms 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110. Accordingly, the number of the driving mechanisms 220 may be plural, and each driving mechanism 220 is connected to the conductive mechanism 210.
As shown in fig. 3a and 3b, the number of the conductive mechanisms 210 may be two, which are respectively referred to as a first conductive mechanism and a second conductive mechanism. Meanwhile, the perturbation portions 211a and 211b of the first and second conductive mechanisms are the same in shape and are both triangular. The disturbing part 210a of the first conducting mechanism and the disturbing part 211b of the second conducting mechanism are oppositely arranged, namely, the inclined sides of the two disturbing parts (211a and 211b) are adjacently arranged, and the right-angle sides of the two disturbing parts (211a and 211b) are oppositely arranged with the radiating unit 110 to form an array with the same shape as the radiating unit. The array is a rectangular array, and the area of the rectangular array is larger than or equal to that of the radiating unit. The driving mechanism 220 is connected to the first conductive mechanism and the second conductive mechanism respectively. The driving mechanism 220 is used for driving the first conductive mechanism and the second conductive mechanism to move reversely. Fig. 3a is a schematic structural diagram of the initial states of the first conductive mechanism and the second conductive mechanism; fig. 3b is a schematic structural diagram of the movement of the first and second conductive mechanisms relative to the radiation unit. It should be noted that the driving mechanism 220 may drive any one of the conductive mechanisms 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110, or may simultaneously drive two conductive mechanisms 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110, and the number of the driving conductive mechanisms 210 and the magnitude of the displacement amount may be set according to actual requirements, which is not further limited herein.
As shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment, the conductive mechanism 210 is located on the same plane as the radiation unit 110, and the conductive mechanism 210 moves on the same plane with respect to the radiation unit 110.
It should be noted that the beam direction of the millimeter wave is radiated outward with the radiation unit as a reference, and the beam direction is as shown in the figure, that is, perpendicular to the screen.
The conductive structure 210 may have a planar structure, such as a rectangle, a triangle, a circle, a polygon, etc. For example, the conductive mechanism 210 can be disposed on either side of the radiation unit 110 and can move relative to the radiation unit 110 in the plane of the radiation unit 110 under the driving of the driving mechanism 220. The moving track can be a straight line, a curve or a self-defined preset track. For example, the driving mechanism 220 may drive the conductive mechanism 210 to move back and forth in a third direction (refer to the solid arrow in fig. 4) relative to the radiation unit 110, where the third direction may be understood as a linear direction where any connection line of the conductive mechanism 210 and the radiation unit 110 is located. In the embodiment of the present application, the moving track and the moving direction of the conductive mechanism 210 are not further limited.
The conductive member 210 may be made of a magnetic conductive material or an electrically conductive material. For example, the conductive member 210 can be made of a metal conductive material, a copper material, a ferrite material, or the like.
In an embodiment, the number of the conductive mechanisms 210 may also be multiple, and the multiple conductive mechanisms 210 are arranged in an array. For example, the number of the conductive members 210 may be two, three, four or more, and the conductive members 210 may be uniformly distributed around the radiation unit 110. The driving mechanism 220 may simultaneously drive at least one of the conductive mechanisms 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110. Accordingly, the number of the driving mechanisms 220 may be plural, and each driving mechanism 220 is connected to the conductive mechanism 210. It should be noted that the driving mechanism 220 may drive any one of the conductive mechanisms 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110, or may simultaneously drive a plurality of conductive mechanisms 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110, and the number of the driven conductive mechanisms 210, the size of the displacement amount, and the size of the conductive mechanism 210 may all be set according to actual requirements, which is not further limited herein.
In an embodiment, the radiation unit 110 comprises at least a dipole antenna array, and the conductive mechanism 210 moves relative to the dipole antenna array. Wherein, the dipole antenna array is orthographically projected on the plane where the moving track of the conducting mechanism 210 is located. That is, when the conductive mechanism 210 moves in the same direction, the area of the dipole antenna array projected on the conductive mechanism 210 gradually decreases.
In one embodiment, the dipole antenna array includes a plurality of dipole antennas arranged in an array. The dipole antenna array can be a linear array, a two-dimensional rectangular array, or the like. As shown in fig. 5, dipole antenna 50 may include a first arm 510 and a second arm 520, and is fed at an antenna feed. Wherein the feeding portion comprises a first feeding point 510a provided on the first arm 510 and a second feeding point 510b provided on the second arm 520. A current signal is fed through the first feeding point 510a and the second feeding point 510b, and the directivity of the dipole antenna can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude and phase of the current signal.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 6a and 6b, the radiation unit 110 includes a dipole antenna array 610 and a patch antenna array 620. The dipole antenna array 610 shown in fig. 6a has a phase-scan function, and the dipole antenna array 610 shown in fig. 6b does not have a phase-scan function. The dipole antenna array 610 is disposed around the patch antenna array 620, that is, the dipole antenna array 610 is disposed at the periphery of the patch antenna array 620, and the patch antenna array 620 is orthographically projected on the conductive mechanism 210, so that the radiation coverage of the antenna module 10 can be improved, and the radiation intensity of an antenna system in the electronic device can be improved.
Optionally, the radiating element 110 may also include a yagi antenna into which a dipole antenna may be incorporated (e.g., by incorporating a reflector and director into the dipole antenna).
As shown in fig. 7, in one embodiment, the antenna assembly further includes a detection module 30 and a control module 40. The detection module 30 is configured to detect gain information of a main lobe of the radiation unit 110 towards a base station; the control module 40 is connected to the detection module 30 and the driving mechanism 220, respectively, and configured to send a driving signal according to the gain information, so that the driving mechanism 220 drives the conductive mechanism 210 to move, where the driving signal at least includes movement vector information for driving the conductive mechanism 210 to move.
In this embodiment, the base station and the electronic device including the antenna assembly implement communication connection by using a beamforming technology. Based on beam management, it can be seen that the beams of the base station and the beams of the electronic device are aligned with each other to achieve maximization of the receive gain and the transmit gain in the link. Beam management principle: the base station transmits wireless signals (beam scanning) by using different beams (t 1-t 8) in sequence, the electronic equipment switches the beams (r 1-r 4) to receive the wireless signals and reports related information (beam report) to the base station, and the electronic equipment determines a preferred beam (beam measurement) for receiving the wireless signals according to the wireless signals with the maximum receiving value.
In this embodiment, the following beam management method may be adopted: the base station sequentially transmits wireless signals by using different beams, the electronic equipment switches the beams to receive the wireless signals, and the gain of the main lobe of the radiation unit towards the base station direction is determined.
The control module 40 may send a driving signal according to the magnitude of the gain, so that the driving mechanism 220 drives the conductive mechanism 210 to move, where the driving signal at least includes information of a movement vector for driving the conductive mechanism 210 to move. The motion vector information may include information such as a direction of movement, a size of a movement distance, and the like.
In this embodiment, the antenna assembly may obtain gain information of the main lobe of the radiation unit 110 in the direction toward the base station, and drive the conductive mechanism 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110 according to the gain information, that is, may dynamically adjust the radiation direction and radiation power of the radiation unit 110 for radiating the millimeter waves according to the environmental change of the radiation unit 110, thereby implementing high gain and beam forming and beam scanning functions required by millimeter wave 5G communication to improve communication quality.
In an embodiment, the control module 40 stores a corresponding relationship table between motion vector information and gain magnitude in advance. That is, the correspondence table between the motion vector information and the gain size may be preset and obtained in different scenes, and the obtained correspondence table may be stored.
In one embodiment, if the number of the conductive members 210 is multiple, the driving signal further includes identification information of the conductive members 210. The identification information may be used to identify the identity of the conductive mechanism 210. That is, when there are a plurality of conductive mechanisms 210, the control module 40 may transmit a driving signal carrying identification information and motion vector information according to the magnitude of the gain. That is, the number of the driving signals may be one or more, wherein one driving signal is used to control one conductive mechanism 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110. The control module 40 may simultaneously control the plurality of conductive mechanisms 210 to move relative to the radiation unit 110 according to the magnitude of the gain by using a plurality of driving signals, so as to adjust the radiation power and the radiation direction of the millimeter wave signal radiated by the radiation unit 110, and implement higher gain and impedance period change, thereby implementing high gain and beam forming and beam scanning functions required by millimeter wave 5G communication to improve communication quality.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments, other beam management methods may also be used, which is only an example, and the layout of the antenna system in this embodiment is not affected by any beam management method.
As shown in fig. 8, an electronic device 80 is further provided in the embodiments of the present application, where the electronic device 80 includes at least one antenna assembly in any of the embodiments. The electronic equipment further comprises a shell assembly and a circuit board, wherein the shell assembly is internally provided with an accommodating cavity for accommodating the antenna assembly and the circuit board, the circuit board is provided with a millimeter wave radio frequency module, and the millimeter wave radio frequency module is electrically connected with the radiating unit and used for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave signals.
An antenna assembly is mounted on the housing assembly. Wherein the housing assembly may include a center frame and a rear cover. The middle frame can be a frame structure with a through hole. The middle frame can be accommodated in an accommodating space formed by the display screen and the rear cover. The back cover is used to form the outer contour of the electronic device. The rear cover may be integrally formed. In the forming process of the rear cover, structures such as a rear camera hole, a fingerprint identification module, an antenna assembly mounting hole and the like can be formed on the rear cover. Wherein, the back lid can be behind the nonmetal for the lid, for example, the back lid can be behind the plastic, still for example the back lid can be behind the pottery lid. For another example, the rear cover may include a plastic portion and a metal portion, and the rear cover may be a metal and plastic cooperating rear cover structure. Specifically, the metal part may be formed first, for example, a magnesium alloy substrate is formed by injection molding, and then plastic is injected on the magnesium alloy substrate to form a plastic substrate, so as to form a complete rear cover structure.
In one embodiment, the antenna assembly and the millimeter wave rf module may be combined to form a millimeter wave module (antenna + IC) built in the electronic device frame.
In one embodiment, the number of the antenna elements may be one or more (greater than or equal to two). When the number of antenna elements is plural, the antenna elements may be disposed at different frames of the electronic device. For example, when there are three antenna elements, they are respectively referred to as the first antenna element 810, the second antenna element 820 and the third antenna element 830.
The electronic device 80 has a top portion and a bottom portion, the top portion and the bottom portion are opposite to each other along the length direction of the electronic device, it should be noted that the bottom portion of the electronic device is generally closer to the portion held by the user, and in order to reduce the influence on the antenna when the electronic device is held by the user, the first antenna element 810 may be designed to be closer to the top portion than to the bottom portion when the first antenna element 810 is designed. The second antenna assembly 820 and the third antenna assembly 830 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the electronic device in the width direction, and the arrangement direction of each of the second antenna assembly 820 and the third antenna assembly 830 is the length direction of the mobile electronic device. That is, the second antenna assembly 820 and the third antenna assembly 830 are disposed at the long side of the electronic device.
The electronic device 80 having the antenna assembly of any of the above embodiments may be applicable to receiving and transmitting dual-frequency millimeter wave signals for 5G communications, and the working frequency band of the antenna is expanded, so that the performance of the antenna is improved, and meanwhile, the array space of the antenna assembly is not increased, and the occupied space of the antenna is saved.
The electronic Device 80 may be a communication module including a Mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a wearable Device (e.g., a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), or other antenna.
As shown in fig. 9, an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna performance adjusting method, which is applied to an electronic device including an antenna assembly in any of the embodiments. The antenna performance adjustment method includes steps 902-904. Wherein:
In this embodiment, the base station and the electronic device including the antenna assembly implement communication connection by using a beamforming technology. Based on beam management, it can be seen that the beams of the base station and the beams of the electronic device are aligned with each other to achieve maximization of the receive gain and the transmit gain in the link.
Specifically, the base station sequentially uses different beams (t 1-t 8) to transmit wireless signals (beam scanning), and the electronic equipment switches beams (r 1-r 4) to receive the wireless signals and reports beam information (beam report) to the base station; when the electronic device determines the gain of the main lobe of the radiating element towards the base station direction (beam measurement) according to the received wireless signal with the maximum value.
In an embodiment, the electronic device may store a corresponding relationship table of motion vector information and gain magnitude in advance. That is, the correspondence table between the motion vector information and the gain size may be preset and obtained in different scenes, and the obtained correspondence table may be stored.
In an embodiment, if the number of the conductive mechanisms in the electronic device is multiple, the driving signal further includes identification information of the conductive mechanisms. The identification information can be used for identifying the identity of the conductive mechanism. That is, when there are a plurality of conductive mechanisms, the electronic device may transmit a driving signal carrying identification information and motion vector information according to the magnitude of the gain. That is, the number of the driving signals may be one or more, wherein one driving signal is used for controlling one conductive mechanism to move relative to the radiation unit. The electronic device can simultaneously control the plurality of conductive mechanisms to move relative to the radiating unit according to the gain by a plurality of driving signals so as to adjust the radiation power and/or the radiation direction of the millimeter wave signals radiated by the radiating unit, realize higher gain and impedance periodic variation, and further realize high gain, beam forming and beam scanning functions required by millimeter wave 5G communication so as to improve the communication quality. Fig. 10 is a block diagram of a partial structure of a mobile phone related to an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 10, the cellular phone 1000 includes: antenna assembly 1010, memory 1020, input unit 1030, display unit 1040, sensor 1050, audio circuitry 1060, wireless fidelity (WIFI) module 1070, processor 1080, and power supply 1090. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the handset configuration shown in fig. 10 is not intended to be limiting and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.
The antenna assembly 1010 may be configured to receive and transmit information or receive and transmit signals during a call, and may receive downlink information of a base station and then process the received downlink information to the processor 1080; the uplink data may also be transmitted to the base station. The memory 1020 can be used for storing software programs and modules, and the processor 1080 executes various functional applications and data processing of the mobile phone by operating the software programs and modules stored in the memory 1020. The memory 1020 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function (such as an application program for a sound playing function, an application program for an image playing function, and the like), and the like; the data storage area may store data (such as audio data, an address book, etc.) created according to the use of the mobile phone, and the like. Further, the memory 1020 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
The input unit 1030 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the cellular phone 1000. In one embodiment, the input unit 1030 may include a touch panel 1031 and other input devices 1032. The touch panel 1031, which may also be referred to as a touch screen, may collect touch operations by a user (e.g., operations by a user on or near the touch panel 1031 using any suitable object or accessory such as a finger, a stylus, etc.) and drive the corresponding connection device according to a preset program. In one embodiment, the touch panel 1031 may include two parts, a touch measurement device and a touch controller. The touch measuring device measures the touch direction of a user, measures signals brought by touch operation and transmits the signals to the touch controller; the touch controller receives touch information from the touch measurement device, converts the touch information into touch point coordinates, sends the touch point coordinates to the processor 1080, and can receive and execute commands sent by the processor 1080. In addition, the touch panel 1031 may be implemented by various types such as a resistive type, a capacitive type, an infrared ray, and a surface acoustic wave. The input unit 1030 may include other input devices 1032 in addition to the touch panel 1031. In one embodiment, other input devices 1032 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), and the like.
The display unit 1040 may be used to display information input by a user or information provided to the user and various menus of the cellular phone. The display unit 1040 may include a display panel 1041. In one embodiment, the Display panel 1041 may be configured in the form of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), an organic light-Emitting Diode (OLED), or the like. In one embodiment, the touch panel 1031 can overlay the display panel 1041, and when the touch panel 1031 measures a touch operation on or near the touch panel 1031, the touch operation is transmitted to the processor 1080 to determine the type of the touch event, and then the processor 1080 provides a corresponding visual output on the display panel 1041 according to the type of the touch event. Although in fig. 10, the touch panel 1031 and the display panel 1041 are two separate components to implement the input and output functions of the mobile phone, in some embodiments, the touch panel 1031 and the display panel 1041 may be integrated to implement the input and output functions of the mobile phone.
The cell phone 1000 may also include at least one sensor 1050, such as a light sensor, motion sensor, and other sensors. In one embodiment, the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor that adjusts the brightness of the display panel 1041 according to the brightness of ambient light, and a proximity sensor that turns off the display panel 1041 and/or the backlight when the mobile phone is moved to the ear. The motion sensor can comprise an acceleration sensor, the acceleration sensor can measure the magnitude of acceleration in each direction, the magnitude and the direction of gravity can be measured when the mobile phone is static, and the motion sensor can be used for identifying the application of the gesture of the mobile phone (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching), vibration identification related functions (such as pedometer and knocking) and the like. The mobile phone may be provided with other sensors such as a gyroscope, a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, and an infrared sensor.
The processor 1080 is a control center of the mobile phone, connects various parts of the whole mobile phone by using various interfaces and lines, and executes various functions of the mobile phone and processes data by operating or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 1020 and calling data stored in the memory 1020, thereby integrally monitoring the mobile phone. In one embodiment, processor 1080 may include one or more processing units. In one embodiment, processor 1080 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor primarily handles operating systems, user interfaces, applications, and the like; the modem processor handles primarily wireless communications. It is to be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into processor 1080.
The handset 1000 also includes a power supply 1090 (e.g., a battery) for powering the various components, which may preferably be logically coupled to the processor 1080 via a power management system that may be configured to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption.
In one embodiment, the cell phone 1000 may also include a camera, a bluetooth module, and the like.
Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. Suitable non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms, such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. An antenna assembly, comprising:
the antenna module comprises a radiation unit for supporting millimeter wave communication;
the beam forming module is arranged at an interval with the antenna module and comprises a conductive mechanism and a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected with the conductive mechanism and is used for driving the conductive mechanism to move relative to the radiating unit, the conductive mechanism comprises a disturbing part and a pushing part which are connected with each other, the pushing part is connected with the driving mechanism, and the pushing part enables the disturbing part to move in different planes relative to the radiating unit under the driving of the driving mechanism;
when the conductive mechanism moves relative to the radiation unit, the radiation direction and/or radiation power of the millimeter wave signal radiated by the radiation unit changes.
2. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the conductive mechanism is orthographically projected onto the radiating element, and a plane of a moving track of the conductive mechanism is parallel to a plane of the radiating element, or a plane of a moving track of the conductive mechanism is perpendicular to the plane of the radiating element.
3. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the connection of the perturbation and the pushing portion is a vertical connection or a curved surface rounded connection.
4. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the conducting mechanism is co-planar with the radiating element, the conducting mechanism moving in the same plane relative to the radiating element.
5. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of conducting means is a plurality of conducting means arranged in an array, and wherein the drive means is configured to drive at least one of the conducting means to move relative to the radiating element.
6. The antenna assembly of claim 5, wherein the conducting means comprises a first conducting means and a second conducting means, and the driving means is connected to the first conducting means and the second conducting means respectively, wherein the first conducting means and the second conducting means are adjacently arranged to form an array having the same shape as the radiating element, and the driving means is used for driving the first conducting means and the second conducting means to move in opposite directions.
7. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the radiating element comprises at least an array of dipole antennas, the area of the array of dipole antennas that is orthographically projected onto the conducting structure gradually decreases when the conducting structure is moved in the same direction.
8. The antenna assembly of claim 7, wherein the radiating element further comprises a patch antenna array, wherein the dipole antenna array is disposed around the patch antenna array, and wherein the patch antenna array is orthographic projected onto the conductive structure.
9. The antenna assembly of any one of claims 1-8, further comprising:
the detection module is used for detecting the gain information of the main lobe of the radiation unit towards the base station direction;
and the control module is respectively connected with the detection module and the driving mechanism and used for sending a driving signal according to the gain information so as to enable the driving mechanism to drive the conductive mechanism to move, and the driving signal at least comprises movement vector information for driving the conductive mechanism to move.
10. An electronic device, comprising the antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and further comprising a housing assembly and a circuit board, wherein the housing assembly has a receiving cavity for receiving the antenna assembly and the circuit board, and the circuit board has a millimeter wave rf module electrically connected to the radiating unit for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave signals.
11. An antenna performance adjusting method applied to the electronic device according to claim 10, the method comprising:
detecting gain information of a main lobe of a radiation unit towards a base station;
sending a driving signal according to the gain information so as to enable the driving mechanism to drive the conductive mechanism to move, so as to adjust the radiation direction and/or the radiation power of the millimeter wave signal radiated by the radiation unit; wherein the driving signal at least comprises movement vector information for driving the conductive mechanism to move.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the detecting gain information of the main lobe of the radiating element towards the base station comprises:
the base station in turn transmits radio signals using different beams,
the electronic equipment switches the wave beam to receive the wireless signal and reports wave beam information to the base station;
when the electronic equipment determines the gain of the main lobe of the radiation unit towards the base station direction according to the received wireless signal with the maximum value.
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Effective date of registration: 20220125 Address after: Room 1501, 15 / F, building 2, courtyard 10, Chaoyang Park South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020 Patentee after: Zheku Technology (Beijing) Co.,Ltd. Address before: Changan town in Guangdong province Dongguan 523860 usha Beach Road No. 18 Patentee before: GUANGDONG OPPO MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS Corp.,Ltd. |