CN111613061B - Traffic flow acquisition system and method based on crowdsourcing and block chain - Google Patents
Traffic flow acquisition system and method based on crowdsourcing and block chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN111613061B CN111613061B CN202010492813.2A CN202010492813A CN111613061B CN 111613061 B CN111613061 B CN 111613061B CN 202010492813 A CN202010492813 A CN 202010492813A CN 111613061 B CN111613061 B CN 111613061B
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- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
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- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
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- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/0112—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from the vehicle, e.g. floating car data [FCD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a traffic flow acquisition system and method based on crowdsourcing and block chains, which comprises the following steps: setting road sections acquired by the traffic flow block chains, acquisition difficulty N and generation time T of the blocks by a block chain system management end, and constructing and generating block chain century creation blocks aiming at all the road sections; the block chain user side is responsible for issuing crowdsourcing tasks for all road sections to the vehicle user side to achieve block generation, and the block chain user side meeting block generation conditions (including acquisition difficulty N and generation time T) adds vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing tasks of the block chain user side into a block chain as a block; the vehicle user side is responsible for submitting the vehicle data which is currently running as a vehicle data record to a crowdsourcing task. The invention collects traffic flow data by means of the Internet and the intelligent terminal and combining crowdsourcing and block chain technologies, and has the characteristics of low cost, high efficiency, accuracy, decentralization, no data falsification and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a traffic flow acquisition system and method based on crowdsourcing and block chains, and belongs to the field of road traffic flow acquisition.
Background
With the rapid development of Chinese economy, the urban traffic problem is increasingly severe. In an intelligent traffic system, timely and accurate collection of traffic flow parameters (such as traffic volume, average speed, head distance, time occupancy, space occupancy, density and the like) is of great importance to improvement of traffic intelligentization level, and has very important theoretical significance to research on intelligent traffic.
At present, the mode of collecting traffic flow data is mainly completed by various detection devices, such as: ground coils, video surveillance, radar, infrared, pressure, ultrasonic, etc. These methods are centralized processing, are not safe enough, and cannot realize accurate, real-time and convenient acquisition of road traffic flow data. In recent years, with the development of information technology, various new technologies and methods are emerging continuously, which provides a new idea for collecting traffic flow data. The invention collects traffic flow data by means of the Internet and the intelligent terminal and combining crowdsourcing and block chain technologies, and has the characteristics of low cost, high efficiency, accuracy, decentralization, no data falsification and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a traffic flow acquisition system and a traffic flow acquisition method based on crowdsourcing and block chains, wherein crowdsourcing task acquisition data is issued by a plurality of block chain users (called miners in a block chain system), the vehicle data is submitted by a plurality of vehicle users (called crowdsourcing users in the crowdsourcing system), and the vehicle data is collected by the block chain users; according to the mining difficulty requirement, the block chain system selects a block chain user which meets the requirement at the earliest time and adds the vehicle data owned by the block chain user as a block into the block chain; from the generated block chain, road traffic flow data including flow, average speed, time occupancy, average headway, and the like can be calculated.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a traffic flow collection system based on crowdsourcing and block chaining, comprising:
the block chain system management end is used for setting road sections acquired by traffic flow (block chain), the acquisition difficulty N of blocks (the acquisition difficulty N represents that the number of vehicle data records in the blocks is at least not less than N) and the generation time T of the blocks, and is also used for constructing and generating block chain century creation blocks (the first block in the block chain is called a century creation block) for each road section;
the block chain user side is responsible for issuing crowdsourcing tasks aiming at all road sections to the vehicle user side so as to generate blocks, and the generation mode of the blocks is as follows: firstly, judging whether a block chain user side has the number N1 of vehicle data records collected for a crowdsourcing task within a time T or not (whether a block chain user side achieves the acquisition difficulty within the time T or not), if so, selecting the block chain user side with the shortest use time, adding the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task as a block into a block chain constructed by a block chain system management end, otherwise, selecting the block chain user side with the largest number of vehicle data records collected within the time T, adding the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task as a block into the block chain (if the generation of the block is determined according to the number of the vehicle data records only, if the block does not achieve the number N1> N for a long time, the obtained real-time traffic flow information lags a lot, and setting the block generation time T here is used for dealing with the situation that the number of vehicles in a certain road section is small);
and the vehicle user side is responsible for submitting the current running vehicle data (vehicle speed, vehicle type, vehicle length and acquisition time) as a record to a crowdsourcing task.
Furthermore, the user end of the block chain is distributed on different nodes, and the whole block chain has copies on different nodes, so that the block chain cannot be tampered and is not afraid of loss.
Further, in order to speed up the collection of crowdsourcing resources, the blockchain user side issues at most one crowdsourcing task for one road segment, that is, blockchain users on a certain road segment correspond to the crowdsourcing tasks one to one.
A traffic flow collection method based on crowdsourcing and block chain comprises the following steps:
firstly, setting road sections acquired by a traffic flow block chain, acquisition difficulty N of blocks (the acquisition difficulty N represents that the number of vehicle data records in the blocks is at least not less than the number N) and block generation time T by a block chain system management end, and simultaneously constructing and generating a block chain century creation block (the first block in the block chain is called a century creation block) for each road section;
then, each user side becomes a block chain user side or a vehicle user side after registration and authentication on the block chain system, wherein the block chain user side is responsible for issuing a crowdsourcing task for each road section to the vehicle user side to achieve block generation, and the vehicle user side (generally, an intelligent terminal such as a mobile phone and a tablet computer) is responsible for submitting vehicle data currently running as a vehicle data record to a crowdsourcing task;
the blocks in the block chain are generated in the following way: firstly, judging whether the number N1> of vehicle data records collected by a block chain user end aiming at a crowdsourcing task is N or not in time T, if so, selecting the block chain user end with the shortest time, adding the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task into a block chain constructed by a block chain system management end as a block, otherwise, selecting the block chain user end with the largest number of vehicle data records collected in time T, and adding the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task into the block chain as a block.
Of course, in consideration of collecting as much vehicle data as possible to calculate the traffic flow related data more accurately, the vehicle data records collected by the crowdsourcing task issued by all the blockchain clients may be merged together and added to the blockchain as a final one.
Further, there may be outliers in the submitted vehicle data records that are involved in the crowd-sourced task. For this purpose, the mean and variance of the vehicle speed and the vehicle length are calculated for all vehicle data records in the crowdsourcing task, and are respectively expressed as (mu)v，σv)、(μl，σl) The vehicle speed and the vehicle length in the current vehicle data record are denoted as v and l, respectively, if they satisfy | μ |v-v|＞σvOr | mul-l|＞σlThe vehicle data record is discarded if the condition indicates that the record is an abnormal value.
Further, the vehicle data comprises a vehicle speed, a vehicle type, a vehicle length and acquisition time, wherein the vehicle type and the vehicle length can be pre-filled by a user, and the vehicle speed and the acquisition time can be acquired and determined by a vehicle user side.
Further, the operation process of the vehicle user side specifically includes:
before a set road section (a plurality of road sections are available) is passed, a vehicle user side checks a plurality of crowdsourcing tasks for the road section (each road section selects one crowdsourcing task), and selects the crowdsourcing tasks to be submitted (for the convenience of a vehicle user, the crowdsourcing tasks with higher calculation capacity on the passed road section can be automatically distributed by a system according to a travel route of the vehicle user);
in the driving process, a vehicle user side (APP on a smart phone) automatically acquires the current GPS positioning position of a vehicle at set time intervals and judges whether the position is between a starting point and an end point on a road section, if so, the data of the vehicle which is currently driving is used as a record to be submitted to the crowdsourcing task, otherwise, the data is not submitted;
after the vehicle user side submits a vehicle data record, if the record is found not to be accepted by the blockchain user side within a set time (which indicates that the computing power of the blockchain user is not strong enough, that is, the performance of the computer of the vehicle user is not high enough), the vehicle user side selects another crowdsourcing task on the road section to automatically submit (or a new crowdsourcing task is automatically assigned by the system to automatically submit), and the vehicle data submitted again at this time is the previously collected data (that is, the vehicle user is not required to collect the vehicle data again).
Further, in order to encourage vehicle users to submit vehicle data, the user side of the blockchain issuing the crowdsourcing task needs to give a certain reward to each vehicle user side submitting data when determining that the vehicle data is valid (i.e., the vehicle speed and the vehicle length are valid in the above-mentioned abnormality determination, and the vehicle driving position is on the road section collected by the traffic flow), or a traffic department can take a mandatory measure to make vehicle users passing through a certain road section participate in the crowdsourcing task.
Further, in order to encourage users of the blockchain to actively release the blocks, the blockchain system management terminal awards the user of the blockchain who has the right to release the blocks after each distributed consensus agreement (i.e. the vehicle data of which user of the blockchain is selected to generate a block at all times).
Further, the method for acquiring traffic flow data of the selected road segment in the time period [ t1, t2] includes the steps of, by the blockchain system management terminal, collecting vehicle data records in the time period [ t1, t2] according to the collection time in each record in the block on the basis of the generated blockchain, and specifically includes:
vehicle speed v: searching vehicle speed values meeting the conditions of time and road sections in the block chain, and averaging the vehicle speed values;
the elapsed time t: calculating t ═ d/v according to the vehicle speed v, wherein d is the distance length of the selected road section;
vehicle length l: searching vehicle length data meeting the conditions of time and road sections in the block chain, and averaging the vehicle length data to extract the vehicle length l;
average traffic flow q: searching vehicle data meeting the conditions of time and road sections in a block chain, wherein the number n of statistical data records is the number of vehicles passing through the selected road section in a time period [ t1, t2], and q is n/(t2-t 1);
time occupancy o:
where n is the number of vehicles passing a certain road segment in a given time period, tiThe time when the ith vehicle passes the road section;
average headway s: s is 1/q.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the traffic flow acquisition system and method based on crowdsourcing and block chain have the following advantages: 1. only advanced technical means are needed, no extra hardware equipment is needed, the complex processes of installation and maintenance are not needed, and the road surface is not damaged, so that the cost is greatly reduced; 2. the vehicle information on the road is directly provided by a vehicle user side, relatively accurate and direct, errors may exist in detection by adopting equipment, and the calculation amount is small, so that the system has the characteristics of high operation efficiency, high efficiency, accuracy, decentralization, non-falsification of data and the like.
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FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a traffic flow collection system and method based on crowdsourcing and block chaining in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block chain structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a traffic flow collecting system based on crowdsourcing and block chain, which includes:
the block chain system management end is used for setting road sections acquired by traffic flow (block chain), the acquisition difficulty N of blocks (the acquisition difficulty N represents that the number of vehicle data records in the blocks is at least not less than N) and the generation time T of the blocks, and is also used for constructing and generating block chain century creation blocks (the first block in the block chain is called a century creation block) for each road section;
the block chain user side is responsible for issuing crowdsourcing tasks for all road sections to the vehicle user side so as to generate blocks, and if the number N1> of vehicle data records collected by one block chain user side for one crowdsourcing task is the shortest time, the block chain user side adds the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing tasks of the block chain user side into a block chain constructed by the block chain system management side as a block;
and the vehicle user side is responsible for submitting the current running vehicle data (vehicle speed, vehicle type, vehicle length and acquisition time) as a record to a crowdsourcing task.
Because many blockchain users publish crowdsourcing tasks, there will be a plurality of vehicle data corresponding to the crowdsourcing tasks. But the blockchain can only allow data for one blockchain user to add at a time. Here, we prefer to select the blockchain user who takes the shortest time to collect the vehicle data reaching the specified required amount (the aforementioned mining difficulty) within the time T, and let his vehicle data be added as a blockchain into the blockchain, which is structured as shown in fig. 2, and each blockchain user is actually a computer node and all copies of the blockchain are complete, which is the concept of decentralization and is not easy to be tampered with.
In this way, new blocks are continuously generated and added to the block chain according to the generation time T of each block set by the block chain, for example, setting T to be 20 minutes (it is stated that if the generation of the blocks is determined only according to the number of vehicle data records, if it takes a long time to reach N1> N, the obtained real-time traffic flow information is much delayed, and we set the generation time T of the blocks again here to cope with the situation that the number of vehicles in a certain road section is small, specifically, if no block chain client in the time T collects the number of vehicle data records N1> for a crowdsourcing task, the block chain client with the largest number of vehicle data records collected in the time T is selected, and the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task are added to the block chain as one block).
When traffic related departments and scientific research personnel need to obtain traffic flow data information, vehicle data in a certain time period can be obtained by calculation only by selecting a block chain aiming at a certain road section in a block chain system.
A traffic flow acquisition method based on crowdsourcing and block chains specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, a block chain system manager (a traffic management department or a scientific research personnel who wants to collect traffic data on a certain road section) sets a starting point position and an ending point position of the certain road section, a collection difficulty N (the collection difficulty N indicates that the number of vehicle data records in the block is at least not less than N), a block generation time T and a first block generated on the road section (at the moment, the block chain of the certain road section is slowly constructed) on a map of a graphical user interface at a computer end;
then, each user end becomes a block chain user end or a vehicle user end after registration and authentication on the block chain system, wherein the block chain user end participates in the block chain construction process (namely the mining process) of a certain road section and is responsible for issuing crowdsourcing tasks aiming at each road section to the vehicle user end to realize the generation of blocks; the vehicle user side participates in the process of submitting vehicle information (namely completing individual crowdsourcing tasks), and is responsible for submitting the vehicle data currently running as a vehicle data record to a crowdsourcing task. The users of the blockchain and the vehicle respectively perform different tasks, but the users of the blockchain and the vehicle obtain different amounts of system rewards, and the rewards obtained by the users of the blockchain are larger than the rewards obtained by the users of the vehicle. Block chain users need to complete mining tasks with higher performance computers, while vehicle users need to use mobile intelligent terminals to complete crowdsourcing tasks. This is accomplished by extensive publicity by the relevant departments in order for more users to register as either a blockchain user or a vehicle user of the blockchain system.
Blockchain users get the opportunity to create a block by specific power: firstly, judging whether the number N1> of vehicle data records collected by a block chain user end aiming at a crowdsourcing task is N or not in time T, if so, selecting the block chain user end with the shortest time, adding the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task into a block chain constructed by a block chain system management end as a block, otherwise, selecting the block chain user end with the largest number of vehicle data records collected in time T, and adding the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task into the block chain as a block. And in the blockchain system, each blockchain user issues a crowdsourcing task aiming at a certain road section through a graphical user interface, and the blockchain users on the certain road section correspond to the crowdsourcing tasks one to one.
Of course, in consideration of collecting as much vehicle data as possible to calculate the traffic flow related data more accurately, the vehicle data records collected by the crowdsourcing task issued by all the blockchain clients may be merged together and added to the blockchain as a final one.
For a certain crowdsourcing task, there are many vehicle users submitting vehicle data, and some of the vehicle data may be inaccurate. Of course, it is assumed that most of the data submitted by the people is correct, so that the incorrect data (also called abnormal data) submitted by the few people can be eliminated according to the data submitted by most of the people. For this purpose, the mean and variance of the vehicle speed and the vehicle length, respectively, may be calculated for all vehicle data records in the crowdsourcing task, and expressed as (μ) respectivelyv，σv)、(μl，σl) The vehicle speed and vehicle length in the current vehicle data record are denoted v and l, respectively, if they areSatisfies | muv-v|＞σvOr | mul-l|＞σlThe vehicle data record is discarded if the condition indicates that the record is an abnormal value.
Further, the vehicle data comprises a vehicle speed, a vehicle type, a vehicle length and acquisition time, wherein the vehicle type and the vehicle length can be pre-filled by a user, and the vehicle speed and the acquisition time can be acquired and determined by a vehicle user side.
Further, the operation process of the vehicle user side specifically includes:
before a set road section is passed, a vehicle user can check a plurality of crowdsourcing tasks through a mobile intelligent terminal login system (a mobile terminal can be ensured to be on line and can be connected to a block chain system), and a certain crowdsourcing task for a certain road section is selected on a graphical user interface (for the convenience of the vehicle user, the crowdsourcing task with higher calculation capacity on the passed road section can be automatically distributed by the system according to a trip route selected by the vehicle user, and only one crowdsourcing task is selected for each road section);
in the driving process, a vehicle user side (which can be an APP on a smart phone) automatically acquires the current GPS positioning position of a vehicle at set time intervals (which can be 10 seconds) and judges whether the position is between a starting point and an end point on a road section, if so, vehicle data (the vehicle type and the vehicle length are filled in by a user in advance, and the vehicle speed and the acquisition time can be automatically determined by intelligent terminal software without filling) which are currently driving are submitted to the crowdsourcing task as a record, otherwise, the vehicle data is not submitted;
after the vehicle user side submits a vehicle data record, if the record is found not to be accepted by the blockchain user side within a set time (which may be set to 20 seconds) (this indicates that the computing power of the blockchain user is not strong enough, that is, the performance of his computer is not high enough), the vehicle user side selects another crowdsourcing task on the road segment to automatically submit (or automatically submit by automatically allocating a new crowdsourcing task by the system), and the resubmitted vehicle data is the previously collected data (that is, the vehicle user is not required to collect the vehicle data again).
In order to encourage vehicle users to submit vehicle data, the user side of the block chain issuing the crowdsourcing task needs to give a certain reward to each vehicle user side submitting data when the vehicle data is judged to be valid (namely the vehicle speed and the vehicle length are judged to be valid in the abnormal judgment, and the driving position of the vehicle is on a road section collected by the traffic flow), and the traffic department can also take mandatory measures to make the vehicle users passing through a certain road section participate in the crowdsourcing task.
In order to encourage users of the blockchain to actively publish the blocks, the blockchain system management terminal gives a certain reward to the blockchain user terminal having authority to publish the blocks after each distributed consensus agreement (i.e. the vehicle data of which blockchain user terminal is selected to generate a block). The users of the block chain are distributed on different nodes, and the whole block chain has copies on different nodes, so that the block chain cannot be tampered and is not easy to lose.
On the basis of the generated block chain, the administrator collects vehicle data records in the time period [ t1, t2] according to the collection time in each record in the block, so as to acquire traffic flow data of the selected road section in the time period [ t1, t2], and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
vehicle speed v: searching vehicle speed values meeting the conditions of time and road sections in the block chain, and averaging the vehicle speed values;
the elapsed time t: calculating t ═ d/v according to the vehicle speed v, wherein d is the distance length of the selected road section;
vehicle length l: searching vehicle length data meeting the conditions of time and road sections in the block chain, and averaging the vehicle length data to extract the vehicle length l;
average traffic flow q: searching vehicle data meeting the conditions of time and road sections in a block chain, wherein the number n of statistical data records is the number of vehicles passing through the selected road section in a time period [ t1, t2], and q is n/(t2-t 1);
time occupancy o:
where n is the number of vehicles passing a certain road segment in a given time period, tiFor the ith vehicle to pass byThe time of the road segment;
average headway s: s is 1/q.
The invention assists in collecting traffic flow data by means of idle computing resources in society, and has low cost. Vehicle data on a certain road section are stored in different computer nodes, distributed accounting is achieved, the vehicle data cannot be lost easily and cannot be tampered easily, and safety is high.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A traffic flow collection system based on crowdsourcing and block chaining, comprising:
the block chain system management end is used for setting road sections acquired by the block chain, the acquisition difficulty N and the generation time T of the blocks and is also responsible for constructing and generating block chain century creation blocks aiming at all the road sections;
the block chain user side is responsible for issuing crowdsourcing tasks aiming at all road sections to the vehicle user side so as to generate blocks, and the generation mode of the blocks is as follows: firstly, judging whether the number N1> of vehicle data records collected by a block chain user end aiming at a crowdsourcing task is N or not in time T, if so, selecting the block chain user end with the shortest time, adding the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task into a block chain constructed by a block chain system management end as a block, otherwise, selecting the block chain user end with the largest number of vehicle data records collected in time T, and adding the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task into the block chain as a block;
and the vehicle user side is responsible for submitting the data of the vehicle which is currently running to a crowdsourcing task as a record.
2. The crowd-sourced and blockchain-based traffic flow collection system of claim 1, wherein a complete blockchain copy is stored in each blockchain user side.
3. The traffic flow collection system according to claim 1, wherein the blockchain user side issues at most one crowdsourcing task for a road segment.
4. A traffic flow collection method based on crowdsourcing and block chains is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, setting road sections acquired by a traffic flow block chain, acquisition difficulty N of blocks and generation time T of the blocks by a block chain system management end, and constructing and generating block chain century creation blocks aiming at all the road sections, wherein the acquisition difficulty N represents that the number of vehicle data records in the blocks is at least not less than the number N;
then, each user side becomes a block chain user side or a vehicle user side after registration and authentication on the block chain system, wherein the block chain user side is responsible for issuing a crowdsourcing task aiming at each road section to the vehicle user side to realize block generation, and the vehicle user side is responsible for submitting vehicle data which is currently running as a vehicle data record to a crowdsourcing task;
the blocks in the block chain are generated in the following way: firstly, judging whether the number N1> of vehicle data records collected by a block chain user end aiming at a crowdsourcing task is N or not in time T, if so, selecting the block chain user end with the shortest time, adding the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task into a block chain constructed by a block chain system management end as a block, otherwise, selecting the block chain user end with the largest number of vehicle data records collected in time T, and adding the vehicle data records contained in the crowdsourcing task into the block chain as a block.
5. The traffic flow collection method based on crowdsourcing and the block chain as claimed in claim 4, wherein the block chain user side is further configured to perform troubleshooting of abnormal values in a process of collecting vehicle data records through crowdsourcing tasks, and specifically includes:
for all vehicle data records in the crowdsourcing task, the mean and variance of the vehicle speed and vehicle length are calculated respectively and are expressed as (mu) respectivelyv，σv)、(μl，σl) And the vehicle speed and the vehicle length in the current vehicle data record are denoted as v and l, respectively, if they satisfy | μ |v-v|＞σvOr | mul-l|＞σlThe vehicle data record is discarded if the condition indicates that the record is an abnormal value.
6. The traffic flow collection method based on crowdsourcing and block chaining according to claim 4, wherein the vehicle data comprises vehicle speed, vehicle type, vehicle length and collection time, wherein the vehicle type and the vehicle length are filled in by a user in advance, and the vehicle speed and the collection time are collected and determined by a vehicle user side.
7. The traffic flow collection method based on crowdsourcing and block chaining according to claim 4, wherein the operation process of the vehicle user side specifically comprises:
before passing through a set road section, a vehicle user side checks a plurality of crowdsourcing tasks aiming at the road section and selects the crowdsourcing tasks to be submitted; in the driving process, the vehicle user side automatically acquires the current GPS positioning position of the vehicle at set time intervals and judges whether the position is between the starting point and the end point on the road section, if so, the data of the vehicle which is currently driving is used as a record to be submitted to the crowdsourcing task, otherwise, the data is not submitted;
after the vehicle user side submits a vehicle data record, if the record is found not to be accepted by the block chain user side within the set time, the vehicle user side automatically submits another crowdsourcing task on the road section, and the vehicle data submitted again at the moment are all the previously collected data.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein a block chain client issuing a crowdsourcing task awards each vehicle client submitting data when it is determined that the vehicle data is valid.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the blockchain system manager awards a reward to a user of the blockchain having authority to publish the blocks after each time of the distributed consensus is agreed upon.
10. The method for collecting traffic flow based on crowdsourcing and block chaining as claimed in claim 4, wherein the block chaining system management end collects vehicle data records in the time period [ t1, t2] according to the collection time in each record in the block on the basis of the generated block chaining, so as to obtain the traffic flow data of the selected road section in the time period [ t1, t2], and specifically comprises:
vehicle speed v: searching vehicle speed values meeting the conditions of time and road sections in the block chain, and averaging the vehicle speed values;
the elapsed time t: calculating t ═ d/v according to the vehicle speed v, wherein d is the distance length of the selected road section;
vehicle length l: searching vehicle length data meeting the conditions of time and road sections in the block chain, and averaging the vehicle length data to extract the vehicle length l;
average traffic flow q: searching vehicle data meeting the conditions of time and road sections in a block chain, wherein the number n of statistical data records is the number of vehicles passing through the selected road section in a time period [ t1, t2], and q is n/(t2-t 1);
time occupancy o:
where n is the number of vehicles in the blockchain that meet the time and road section conditions, tiThe time when the ith vehicle passes the road section;
average headway s: s is 1/q.
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