CN111612901A - Extraction feature and generation method of geographic information image - Google Patents
Extraction feature and generation method of geographic information image Download PDFInfo
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- CN111612901A CN111612901A CN202010294101.XA CN202010294101A CN111612901A CN 111612901 A CN111612901 A CN 111612901A CN 202010294101 A CN202010294101 A CN 202010294101A CN 111612901 A CN111612901 A CN 111612901A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting characteristics and generating a geographic information image, which comprises a geographic information image extraction module and a geographic information image generation module; the geographic information image extraction module comprises satellite remote sensing image extraction, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping and total station field surveying and mapping; the geographic information image generation module establishes raster data for the geographic information in the target area and renders the raster data to obtain a geographic information image in the target area; the geographic information image extraction module and the geographic information image generation module are connected through a computer to form signal transmission, a local geographic information picture of the area can be obtained by selecting raster data in the corrected two-dimensional geographic information space library, and the two-dimensional geographic information space library is compared with the three-dimensional model for use, so that the display power of the geographic information image can be enhanced, and the use of workers is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geographic information images, in particular to a method for extracting features and generating a geographic information image.
Background
The geographic information is the geographic meaning implied and expressed by the geographic data, and is a general term of numbers, characters, images, graphs and the like of the quantity, quality, properties, distribution characteristics, connection and regularity of substances related to the geographic environment elements. The geographic information belongs to spatial information, the position identification of the geographic information is linked with data, the geographic information has the characteristic of a multidimensional structure (multidimensional property), the geographic information image is generally extracted by adopting a satellite remote sensing image, and the obtained image is processed and manufactured by drawing software and is led out to be a general paper file;
however, only the satellite remote sensing image is used for acquiring the geographic information image, only a planar two-dimensional image can be acquired, the display force is insufficient, a user cannot directly judge the specific terrain and the features of the area through the two-dimensional geographic information image, the use of the user is inconvenient, the satellite remote sensing image is easily shielded by a cloud layer, and the shielded part cannot be displayed on the geographic information image.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for extracting features and generating a geographic information image, which can effectively solve the problems that the geographic information image is obtained only by a satellite remote sensing image, only a planar two-dimensional image can be obtained, the display force is insufficient, a user cannot directly judge the specific landform and the landform of the area through the two-dimensional geographic information image, the use of the user is inconvenient, the satellite remote sensing image is easily shielded by a cloud layer, and the shielded part cannot be displayed on the geographic information image.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for extracting features and generating geographic information images comprises a geographic information image extraction module and a geographic information image generation module;
the geographic information image extraction module comprises satellite remote sensing image extraction, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping and total station field surveying and mapping;
the geographic information image generation module establishes raster data for the geographic information in the target area and renders the raster data to obtain a geographic information image in the target area;
the geographic information image extraction module and the geographic information image generation module are connected through a computer to form signal transmission.
According to the scheme, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: extracting the satellite remote sensing image, acquiring the geographic position of a target area, and establishing a two-dimensional geographic information space library;
s2: establishing raster data for geographic information in a two-dimensional geographic information space library;
s3: the precision of the satellite remote sensing image is corrected through aerial surveying and mapping of an unmanned aerial vehicle and on-site surveying and mapping of a total station, geographic information data in a two-dimensional geographic information space library are perfected, and meanwhile, a three-dimensional image in a target area can be provided for the two-dimensional geographic information space library;
s4: and rendering and imaging the raster data to obtain two-dimensional and three-dimensional images of the geographic information of the target area.
According to the scheme, the specific steps of extracting the satellite remote sensing image in the step S1 are as follows:
a1: obtaining all satellite remote sensing images related to the area in the past year, and obtaining a satellite remote sensing image with less cloud layer coverage through screening;
a2: and constructing a two-dimensional geographic information spatial library by utilizing the longitude and latitude attribute information of the satellite remote sensing image and the geographic information of the area.
According to the above scheme, the specific step of performing raster data on the geographic information in the geographic information spatial library in step S2 is as follows: and selecting a target area on the remote sensing image, and carrying out raster data on the satellite remote sensing image through the longitude and latitude lines to ensure that the target area completely covers the selected area.
According to the scheme, the steps of aerial surveying and mapping of the unmanned aerial vehicle and field surveying and mapping and checking of the total station in the step S3 are as follows:
b1: designing an aerial photography surveying and mapping route of the unmanned aerial vehicle through man-machine interaction, selecting proper surveying and mapping time, and carrying out triangular surveying and mapping on geographic information;
b2: two-dimensional surveying images and three-dimensional models of surveying areas can be constructed through twice aerial surveying and mapping of high and low altitudes of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
b3: through surveying and mapping on the spot by the total station, the precision of aerial photography and mapping of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved, and the height of the three-dimensional model can be conveniently determined.
According to the scheme, the internal information supplement mode of the geographic information space library is as follows: and importing the total station on-site surveying and mapping data and the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping data into a computer, judging the place where the satellite remote sensing image is not in line with the reality through the comparison between the surveying and mapping data and the target area satellite remote sensing image, and changing the area by adopting computer map software.
According to the above scheme, the step S4 of rendering the raster data to obtain the two-dimensional and three-dimensional images of the geographic information specifically includes the steps of: selecting raster data to be used, importing the raster data into computer drawing software, and obtaining a two-dimensional image of the raster data through man-machine interaction;
and importing the image of the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping in the grid interval into computer drawing software, and obtaining a three-dimensional image of grid data through human-computer interaction.
According to above-mentioned scheme, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography mapping camera angle adjustment interval is between 30 degrees angles to 50 degrees angles, and survey and drawing time selection illumination is sufficient, and the mapping formation shadow is less hour.
According to the scheme, the number of aerial routes arranged in the same data grid is generally three to five.
According to the scheme, when the grid data is used for drawing, the geographic names are corrected through man-machine interaction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by screening the satellite remote sensing images, a clear satellite remote sensing image can be obtained, and by establishing raster data, an unrerevised two-dimensional geographic information space library can be obtained, so that a worker can conveniently make a geographic information image; the multi-angle multi-route aerial surveying and mapping of the unmanned aerial vehicle can obtain multi-angle images of the geographic information images, so that workers can conveniently build the three-dimensional model of the area, and the actual elevation of each object of the geographic information images can be obtained through the on-site surveying and mapping of the total station, so that the building data of the three-dimensional model can be more accurate; the grid data is selected in the corrected two-dimensional geographic information spatial library, a local geographic information picture of the region can be obtained, and the two-dimensional geographic information spatial library and the three-dimensional model are used in a contrast mode, so that the display power of the geographic information image can be enhanced, and the use of workers is facilitated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the flow structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution, a method for extracting features and generating a geographic information image, including a geographic information image extracting module and a geographic information image generating module;
the geographic information image extraction module comprises satellite remote sensing image extraction, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping and total station field surveying and mapping;
the geographic information image generation module establishes raster data for the geographic information in the target area and renders the raster data to obtain a geographic information image in the target area;
the geographic information image extraction module and the geographic information image generation module are connected through a computer to form signal transmission.
According to the scheme, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: extracting the satellite remote sensing image, acquiring the geographic position of a target area, and establishing a two-dimensional geographic information space library;
s2: establishing raster data for geographic information in a two-dimensional geographic information space library;
s3: the precision of the satellite remote sensing image is corrected through aerial surveying and mapping of an unmanned aerial vehicle and on-site surveying and mapping of a total station, geographic information data in a two-dimensional geographic information space library are perfected, and meanwhile, a three-dimensional image in a target area can be provided for the two-dimensional geographic information space library;
s4: and rendering and imaging the raster data to obtain two-dimensional and three-dimensional images of the geographic information of the target area.
According to the scheme, the specific steps of extracting the satellite remote sensing image in the step S1 are as follows:
a1: obtaining all satellite remote sensing images related to the area in the past year through a remote sensing observation website, and obtaining a satellite remote sensing image with less cloud layer coverage through screening;
a2: and constructing a two-dimensional geographic information spatial library by utilizing the longitude and latitude attribute information of the satellite remote sensing image and the geographic information of the area.
According to the above scheme, the specific step of performing raster data on the geographic information in the geographic information space library in step S2 is as follows: and selecting a target area on the remote sensing image, and carrying out raster data on the satellite remote sensing image through the longitude and latitude lines to ensure that the target area completely covers the selected area.
According to the scheme, the specific steps of aerial surveying and mapping of the unmanned aerial vehicle and field surveying and mapping and correction of the total station in the step S3 are as follows:
b1: designing an aerial photography surveying and mapping route of the unmanned aerial vehicle through man-machine interaction, selecting proper surveying and mapping time, and carrying out triangular surveying and mapping on geographic information;
b2: two-dimensional surveying images and three-dimensional models of surveying areas can be constructed through twice aerial surveying and mapping of high and low altitudes of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
b3: through surveying and mapping on the spot by the total station, the precision of aerial photography and mapping of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved, and the height of the three-dimensional model can be conveniently determined.
According to the scheme, the internal information supplement mode of the geographic information space library is as follows: and importing the total station on-site surveying and mapping data and the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping data into a computer, judging the place where the satellite remote sensing image is not in line with the reality through the comparison between the surveying and mapping data and the target area satellite remote sensing image, and changing the area by adopting computer map software.
According to the above scheme, the specific steps of rendering the raster data to the two-dimensional and three-dimensional image of the geographic information in step S4 are as follows: selecting raster data to be used, importing the raster data into computer drawing software, and obtaining a two-dimensional image of the raster data through man-machine interaction;
and importing the image of the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping in the grid interval into computer drawing software, and obtaining a three-dimensional image of grid data through human-computer interaction.
According to above-mentioned scheme, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography survey and drawing camera angular adjustment interval is between 30 degrees angles to 50 degrees angles, survey and drawing time selection illumination is sufficient, and the mapping formation shadow is less, angular adjustment interval is between 30 degrees angles to 50 degrees angles, at this moment, be the state of overlooking between camera and the ground, the scope that the camera can be shot is great, the use of the camera of being convenient for, it is sufficient through selecting illumination, and the mapping formation shadow is less survey and drawing, can improve the survey and drawing precision, can make the more accurate of model establishment.
According to the scheme, the aerial route arranged in the same data grid is generally three to five, and the surveying and mapping precision can be improved through the matched surveying and mapping of a plurality of routes, so that the establishment of a surveying and mapping model is facilitated.
The method comprises the steps that a worker inquires a satellite remote sensing image of the area by using a computer, the satellite remote sensing image of the area in the past year is screened, a clear satellite remote sensing image can be obtained by screening the satellite remote sensing image, a two-dimensional geographic information space library which is not revised can be obtained by establishing raster data for the satellite remote sensing image, and the worker can conveniently make a geographic information image;
by means of multi-angle multi-route aerial surveying and mapping of the unmanned aerial vehicle, multi-angle images of geographic information images can be obtained, and by means of importing aerial surveying and mapping data into drawing software of a computer, such as smart3D, workers can construct a three-dimensional model of the region and display the geographic information images; the actual elevation of each object in the geographic information image can be obtained through the field surveying and mapping of the total station, and the construction data of the three-dimensional model can be more accurate through the elevation;
by selecting raster data in the corrected two-dimensional geographic information space library and exporting the data through drawing software of a computer, such as AutoCAD, a worker can obtain a local geographic information picture of the area;
the generated two-dimensional geographic information space library is compared with the three-dimensional model for use, so that the display force of the geographic information image can be enhanced, and the use of workers is facilitated.
The embodiment of the invention provides a computer, which consists of a hardware system and a software system, wherein the hardware system comprises a mainboard, a CPU, a display card, a read-only memory, a random memory, a flash memory, a solid state disk, a power supply, supporting equipment and the like, the software system comprises a processing system and drawing software (AutoCAD, smart3D), unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and total station surveying and mapping data can be stored in the solid state disk of the computer through a transmission medium, and a worker can draw data led in the solid state disk by using the drawing software.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for extracting features and generating a geographic information image is characterized in that: the system comprises a geographic information image extraction module and a geographic information image generation module;
the geographic information image extraction module comprises satellite remote sensing image extraction, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping and total station field surveying and mapping;
the geographic information image generation module establishes raster data for the geographic information in the target area and renders the raster data to obtain a geographic information image in the target area;
the geographic information image extraction module and the geographic information image generation module are connected through a computer to form signal transmission.
2. A method of extracting features and generating a geographic information image, as recited in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: extracting the satellite remote sensing image, acquiring the geographic position of a target area, and establishing a two-dimensional geographic information space library;
s2: establishing raster data for geographic information in a two-dimensional geographic information space library;
s3: the precision of the satellite remote sensing image is corrected through aerial surveying and mapping of an unmanned aerial vehicle and on-site surveying and mapping of a total station, geographic information data in a two-dimensional geographic information space library are perfected, and meanwhile, a three-dimensional image in a target area can be provided for the two-dimensional geographic information space library;
s4: and rendering and imaging the raster data to obtain two-dimensional and three-dimensional images of the geographic information of the target area.
3. A method of extracting features and generating a geographic information image, as recited in claim 2, wherein: the specific steps of extracting the satellite remote sensing image in the step S1 are as follows:
a1: obtaining all satellite remote sensing images related to the area in the past year, and obtaining a satellite remote sensing image with less cloud layer coverage through screening;
a2: and constructing a two-dimensional geographic information spatial library by utilizing the longitude and latitude attribute information of the satellite remote sensing image and the geographic information of the area.
4. A method of extracting features and generating a geographic information image, as recited in claim 2, wherein: the specific step of performing raster data on the geographic information in the geographic information space library in step S2 is as follows: and selecting a target area on the remote sensing image, and carrying out raster data on the satellite remote sensing image through the longitude and latitude lines to ensure that the target area completely covers the selected area.
5. A method of extracting features and generating a geographic information image, as recited in claim 2, wherein: the specific steps of aerial surveying and mapping of the unmanned aerial vehicle and field surveying and mapping and correction of the total station in the step S3 are as follows:
b1: designing an aerial photography surveying and mapping route of the unmanned aerial vehicle through man-machine interaction, selecting proper surveying and mapping time, and carrying out triangular surveying and mapping on geographic information;
b2: two-dimensional surveying images and three-dimensional models of surveying areas can be constructed through twice aerial surveying and mapping of high and low altitudes of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
b3: through surveying and mapping on the spot by the total station, the precision of aerial photography and mapping of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved, and the height of the three-dimensional model can be conveniently determined.
6. A method of extracting features and generating a geographic information image, as recited in claim 2, wherein: the internal information supplement mode of the geographic information space library is as follows: and importing the total station on-site surveying and mapping data and the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping data into a computer, judging the place where the satellite remote sensing image is not in line with the reality through the comparison between the surveying and mapping data and the target area satellite remote sensing image, and changing the area by adopting computer map software.
7. A method of extracting features and generating a geographic information image, as recited in claim 2, wherein: the specific steps of rendering the raster data to obtain the two-dimensional and three-dimensional images of the geographic information in step S4 are as follows: selecting raster data to be used, importing the raster data into computer drawing software, and obtaining a two-dimensional image of the raster data through man-machine interaction;
and importing the image of the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping in the grid interval into computer drawing software, and obtaining a three-dimensional image of grid data through human-computer interaction.
8. A method of extracting features and generating a geographic information image, as recited in claim 2, wherein: unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography survey and drawing camera angle adjustment interval is between 30 degrees angles to 50 degrees angles, and survey and drawing time selection illumination is sufficient, and the survey and drawing formation shadow is less hour.
9. A method of extracting features and generating a geographic information image, as recited in claim 2, wherein: the aerial route set in the same data grid is generally three to five.
10. A method of extracting features and generating a geographic information image, as recited in claim 7, wherein: and when the grid data is used for drawing, the geographic names are corrected through man-machine interaction.
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CN113589328A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-02 | 深圳市电咖测控科技有限公司 | High-precision GNSS positioning device based on multiple GNSS receiving systems |
CN115205718A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-10-18 | 西安恒歌数码科技有限责任公司 | Geographic information measuring system and measuring method thereof |
CN115641415A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-01-24 | 成都国星宇航科技股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for generating three-dimensional scene based on satellite image |
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CN112183418A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-05 | 广东有色地质肇庆勘测公司 | Geological disaster damaged area surveying method and system |
CN112183418B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2024-02-02 | 广东有色地质肇庆勘测公司 | Method and system for surveying damaged area of geological disaster |
CN113589328A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-02 | 深圳市电咖测控科技有限公司 | High-precision GNSS positioning device based on multiple GNSS receiving systems |
CN113589328B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2024-01-12 | 深圳市电咖测控科技有限公司 | High-precision GNSS positioning device based on multiple GNSS receiving systems |
CN115205718A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-10-18 | 西安恒歌数码科技有限责任公司 | Geographic information measuring system and measuring method thereof |
CN115641415A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-01-24 | 成都国星宇航科技股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for generating three-dimensional scene based on satellite image |
CN115641415B (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-08-22 | 成都国星宇航科技股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for generating three-dimensional scene based on satellite image |
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